扩展频谱的简单流程图beta-lactamase酶在任何微生物实验室检测。ESBL =扩展频谱beta-lactamase;DNA(脱氧核糖核酸;RFLP =限制性片段长度多态性;fRFLP;但是脉冲场凝胶电泳的出现=脉冲场凝胶电泳;PCR =聚合酶链反应;polymorphic-PCR RAPD-PCR =随机扩增;RFLP-PCR =限制片段长度polymorphism-PCR;妊娠=扩增片段长度多态性; Rep-PCR = repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR; ERIC-PCR = enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR; MLST = multilocus sequence typing.