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height="24"><span class="text">提交</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored undefined icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-bHwgHz jZSSzh hide__submenu journalSubmenuCheck" id="journalnav__submenu"> <button class="sc-dTdPqK bmquZK journalSubmenuCheck"><span class="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-eMigcr dwPeaE journalSubmenuCheck icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span></button> </div> <div class="sc-krDsej iPFEsT hide__submenu journal__nav__desktop" id="journalnav__submenudesktop"> <div order="0" class="sc-jVODtj erjAge"> <div class="sc-fzsDOv kYQzej"></div> <div class="sc-fzsDOv kYQzej"></div> </div> <div class="sc-gPWkxV hxObuo"></div> <span class="sc-giadOv dCHMbz"></span> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="sc-cpHetk bReZgf breadcrumb__wrapper journal_article__BreadCrumbStyle-sc-12fk6zy-2 bjwAQR article"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-nrwXf kCVAWK breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/" aria-label="Advances in Tribology">摩擦学的发展</一个>/<gydF4y2Ba一个cl一个年代年代=”年代c-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-nrwXf kCVAWK breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/contents/year/2008/" aria-label="2008">2008年</一个>/<gydF4y2Ba年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”年代c-eitiEO cWbOKB">文章</年代p一个n></d我v> <div class="threeColumn__ThreeColumnWrapper-sc-1bf4078-0 comSpQ threeColumnWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__LeftWrapper-sc-1bf4078-1 fkVFlF leftWrapper"> <button type="button" class="sc-likbZx iAOkZc section__button " id="sectionButton"><span class="sc-htoDjs diutvq icon__dots dots__detector icon-colored _3n-7Ho7DlfjMlZbrRr9Q4a icon-themeable" title="" font-size="22"></span>文章部分</gydF4y2Babutton> <div class="sc-bGbJRg NxRXU static_contents__section_links links__hidden "> <div id="leftSectionMenu" class="sc-eLExRp jWsoil sc-jtRlXQ kkipbT left_section_menu"> <p>在这一页上</p><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="sc-ePZHVD dxfCqj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bEjcJn JKlRH" href="#abstract" aria-label="">文摘</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-ePZHVD dxfCqj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bEjcJn JKlRH" href="#introduction" aria-label="">介绍</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-ePZHVD dxfCqj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bEjcJn JKlRH" href="#results" aria-label="">结果</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-ePZHVD dxfCqj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bEjcJn JKlRH" href="#discussion-and-conclusions" aria-label="">讨论和结论</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-ePZHVD dxfCqj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bEjcJn JKlRH" href="#appendix" aria-label="">附录</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-ePZHVD dxfCqj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bEjcJn JKlRH" href="#acknowledgements" aria-label="">确认</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-ePZHVD dxfCqj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bEjcJn JKlRH" href="#references" aria-label="">引用</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-ePZHVD dxfCqj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bEjcJn JKlRH" href="#copyright" aria-label="">版权</一个></年代p一个n></d我v> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ContentWrapper-sc-1bf4078-3 bbzREB contentWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__Content-sc-1bf4078-4 jknsZc content"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-0 eSvjPB article_contents"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 jntdRu article_contents__sections_wrapper"> <div class="sc-gJqsIT gNYnwy desktop_tabs"> <div class="sc-kDhYZr eLCKCM"></div> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link link--active sc-sPYgB fPMKKv" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/" aria-label="Research Article">研究文章</一个><一个cl一个年代年代=”年代c-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-sPYgB eWCuPf" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/194678/" aria-label="Erratum">勘误表</一个><d我v class="sc-kDhYZr eLCKCM"></div> </div> <div class="sc-gJqsIT gNYnwy mobile_tabs row1"> <div class="sc-kDhYZr eLCKCM row1_edge_left"></div> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link link--active sc-sPYgB fPMKKv row1_link" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/" aria-label="Research Article">研究文章</一个><一个cl一个年代年代=”年代c-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-sPYgB eWCuPf row1_link" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/194678/" aria-label="Erratum">勘误表</一个><d我v class="sc-kDhYZr eLCKCM row1_edge_right"></div> </div> <div class="sc-jhaWeW iqBhZC"> <span class="sc-guztPN ddYzdS">!</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="sc-bSbAYC jkbYCV alert__message">一个<gydF4y2Bab>勘误表</gydF4y2Bab>这篇文章已经发表。查看这篇文章的细节,请点击上面的“勘误表”标签。</年代p一个n></d我v> <div class="articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 eGVCps"> <div class="sc-hzNEM hNeCCc article_header_class"> <p class="sc-gmeYpB ctdkmR article_type">研究文章|<!gydF4y2Ba-- -->开放获取</p><d我v class="sc-kZmsYB doGfnX article_citation"> 体积<!gydF4y2Ba-- --> 2008年<!gydF4y2Ba-- --> <span class="sc-iSDuPN ezntTT">|</年代p一个n>文章的ID<!gydF4y2Ba-- --> 214894年<!gydF4y2Ba-- --> <span class="sc-iSDuPN ezntTT">|</年代p一个n><一个cl一个年代年代="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fZwumE dqIsrA" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/214894" aria-label="Doi-link">https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/214894</一个></d我v> <div class="sc-kaNhvL kwRfSr article_full_citation"> <div class="sc-iBEsjs ezuwCV isHide"> <p>法Al-Bender De Moerlooze克丽丝<!gydF4y2Ba-- -->,<!gydF4y2Ba-- --> ”<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”一个djust-article-svg-size">模型的瞬态行为的牵引滚动接触</年代p一个n>”,<!gydF4y2Ba-- --><i>摩擦学的发展</我>,<!ggydF4y2BaydF4y2Ba-- --> 卷。<!gydF4y2Ba-- -->2008年<!gydF4y2Ba-- -->,<!gydF4y2Ba-- --> 文章的ID<!gydF4y2Ba-- -->214894年<!gydF4y2Ba-- -->,<!gydF4y2Ba-- --> 17<!gydF4y2Ba-- -->   页面<!gydF4y2Ba-- -->,<!gydF4y2Ba-- --> 2008年<!gydF4y2Ba-- -->。<!gydF4y2Ba-- --> https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/214894</p></d我v> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-LKuAh fxGnqr" color="">显示引用</gydF4y2Babutton> </div> <h1 class="sc-iRbamj jZOxOO sc-RcBXQ kZecej article_title adjust-article-svg-size heading-title">模型的瞬态行为的牵引滚动接触</h1></d我v> <div class="sc-gPzReC fMlAsT article_authors"> <hr class="sc-fHxwqH kHliir hr__author"> <span class=""><b>法Al-Bender</gydF4y2Bab><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail Option"><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-jrIrqw eeUyzW icon-colored _2zt-1j0LmaF8UjTQAM413G icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5188-0250" aria-label="Redirect to Doi" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje iiusBg sc-hjRWVT femdCr" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="16"></a><sup>1</年代up>和</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="">克里斯·德·Moerlooze<年代up>1</gydF4y2Ba年代up></年代p一个n><d我v class="sc-iQtOjA llLcVY isHide"> <p><sup>1</年代up><年代p一个n>机械工程部门,部门生产工程、机械设计及自动化、Katholieke项目鲁汶Celestijnenlaan 300 b, b - 3001 Heverlee,比利时</年代p一个n></p></d我v> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iybRtq clzRlh" color="">显示更多</gydF4y2Babutton> </div> <div class="articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 evMkvU"> <div class="articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 fYrLtk"> <b>学术编辑器:</gydF4y2Bab>国王Arghir</d我v> <div class="articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 fjviok"> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">收到了</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2007年9月19日</年代p一个n></d我v> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">接受</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2008年2月06</年代p一个n></d我v> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC isPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">发表</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2008年4月13日</年代p一个n></d我v> </div> </div> <article class="sc-jeCdPy jsyicZ article_body "> <div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">文摘</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba当一个弹性体的革命卷牵引,从开始滚动,直到总轧制随之而来称为prerolling政权。结果牵引在这个政权的特点是则独立磁滞行为与外地记忆穿越位移的函数。本文致力于在prerolling牵引的理论表征。首先,理论计算牵引领域开发prerolling中瞬时滚动位移的函数,实施纵向,横向和旋转漏电,弹性接触参数。其次,数值方案实现的理论计算得到的牵引力量和时间牵引滚动的球。第三,基本磁滞特性系统influence-parameters模拟方法,建立了用无量纲形式的参数的问题。获得的结果符合文献中可用的极限情况,确认实验prerolling滞后现象的观察。此外,在第二个纸,这个理论是v型槽的情况跟踪验证实验。</p><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction">1。介绍</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba当<年代up><一个href=”#fn1" id="xf1">1</一个></年代up>革命的弹性体辊牵引,牵引场的印迹逐步变化与遍历的距离,从它的初始分布,直到它达到一定常数分布。这个分布,这是独立的初始场毕业典礼之前,不随进一步(稳态)。这最终轧制政权称为<我>总值</我>滚动;这段时期建立,从开始滚动,称为<我>preroll我ng</gydF4y2Ba我>政权。这个政权的特点是则独立的牵引磁滞行为与外地记忆在遍历位移的函数<一个href=”#B1">1</一个>]。虽然稳态滚动总值和理论上成立,就很好理解了prerolling方面的情况是不同的。本文涉及的理论治疗prerolling时期。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba研究牵引滚动接触现象可以追溯到1875年,当时雷诺兹(<一个href=”#B2">2</一个>)描述了蠕变现象。他用橡皮滚筒和蠕变测量金属板来确认他的建议的接触区滚动接触分为粘区和微滑移区,由摩擦力和接触弹性变形。赫兹的结果(<一个href=”#B3">3</一个>]在1882年形成的必要基础研究滚动摩擦的开始。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba滚动运动始于卡特的治疗(<一个href=”#B4">4</一个>1926年)。他被认为是一个弹性圆柱体的稳态牵引滚动,它传递牵引力在平面上滚动。卡特提出了一个解决这个问题的一个二维的形式(平面应变)。他定义了蠕变和蠕变军队之间的关系,应用于机车车轮、高切向力在哪里传播从车轮到铁路在车辆加速和刹车。他证明了从制动或牵引应用于轮,蠕变发生。这种二维理论扩展到三维情况下由约翰逊<一个href=”#B5">5</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B6">6</一个>]。他认为两个滚球,包括纵向和横向蠕变,然而没有旋转的蠕变。Vermeulen和约翰逊(<一个href=”#B7">7</一个>)随后将这个理论扩展到任意光滑的半无限体。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba石灰(<一个href=”#B8">8</一个>- - - - - -<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>)开发的数值方法能够处理弹性滚动涉及三维摩擦接触,对漏电和旋转,在接触点视为常数。他的通用计算机算法<我>联系</我>(<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B8">8</一个>处理所有接触半无限体的问题。这个算法,它是基于石灰的具体理论(<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>),是计算密集型,因此不适合实时应用程序。出于这个原因,石灰开发简化理论,用于他的算法<我>Fastsim</gydF4y2Ba我>(<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B9">9</一个>]。加戈和Dukkipati的参考工作<一个href=”#B11">11</一个>)是一个很好的总结前面的理论工作。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba尼尔森(<一个href=”#B12">12</一个>被磨蚀视为起皱和速度相关的摩擦系数的情况下二维quasi-identical身体的接触。两具尸体是quasi-identical几何和弹性对称的,这意味着他们的弹性常数是相等的,考虑均匀各向同性的情况(<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>]。李(<一个href=”#B13">13</一个>]研究了滚动接触的穿铁路应用程序通过开发一个仿真工具接触表面的演变模型,更好地预测磨损行为的目标和优化概要文件几何的轮子和铁路。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba这个简短的文献综述表明,研究prerolling滞后很小的证据,尽管它的重要性。主要的研究范围是到目前为止主要位于机车和汽车领域的设计。摘要滞后prerolling时期被摩擦行为。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba本研究的目的是延长摩擦行为的理解prerolling政权通过开发的理论模型(pre -)滚动摩擦,部分基于现有理论(<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>]。在精确定位,这一时期,发生在每个速度逆转和延伸距离的数量级印迹半径,是主要的重要性(<一个href=”#B14">14</一个>]。主要是这一时期的滞后效应,负责滚动导轨的刚度和阻尼特性的方向滚动(<一个href=”#B15">15</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B16">16</一个>]。滚动体轴承广泛应用于机器指导、知识和理论量化这种滞后行为是很重要的。此外,治疗扭转或铁路车轮滚动振动或滚动元素,prerolling理论可能是一个重要的先决条件。为此,本文的目的是延长滚动接触的简化理论,基于石灰的工作(<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>),preroll我ng的情况。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba本文的结构如下。部分<一个href=”#sec2">2</一个>概述接触定义的不相容的赫兹接触,牵引滚动运动学和轧制理论。一个简化的traction-displacement关系是制定。此外,最初的牵引,身体第一次接触时,形成决定prerolling问题作为初始值。部分<一个href=”#sec3">3</一个>介绍了解决方案方法开发的这个研究课题的范围。在这里,介绍了实现细节和量纲分析理论应用于以产生易处理的结果。节<一个href=”#sec4">4</一个>,并给出了模型的结果。稳态结果以及瞬态结果进行了讨论。后来的进化的牵引力量功能相对运动(蠕变和/或旋转)。此外,参数学习应用于获得更好的知识的现象,可以将实验结果以一致的框架。最后,适当的结论和未来的工作指示。</p><h4我d=”for米ulation">2。配方</h4><h5gydF4y2Baid="subsec2.1">2.1。初步接触定义和假设</h5><p>gydF4y2Ba让我们考虑一般的弹性,nonconformal接触的两具尸体的革命。根据弹性模,两具尸体将变形度(见图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig1/" target="_blank">1(一)</一个>)。对我们的研究的目的,我们将假设问题可能会减少到一个等效弹性旋转体与普通无限刚体(见图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig1/" target="_blank">1 (b)</一个>)。这种假设是广泛采用赫兹接触理论和应用的转换公式的几何和弹性都非常优秀(<一个href=”#B17">17</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B18">18</一个>]。然而,这种假设不包括某些Heathcote滑移等现象。让我们注意,首先,当外部强加的漏电导致微滑移水平明显高于Heathcote滑,假设将产生很好的近似。其次,它仍有可能采用这种假设和占Heathcote滑动通过计算一个等价的爬电字段对应。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig1"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.001a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.001a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.001b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.001b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong></d我v> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig1"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.001a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.001a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.001b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.001b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig1"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图1</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 减少两个球之间的弹性接触的一个球和一个刚性平面。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>当使用这种假设时,等效弹性模量,<年代vg height="14.35" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:18.2125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.2125 14.35" width="18.2125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(赫兹弹性模量),以及由此产生的等效半径单一的革命,<年代vg height="14.35" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:18.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.625 14.35" width="18.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,是由<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq1"> <svg height="87.3125" id="M3" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 87.3125" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,87.3125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-2.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.12,58.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 151.01,53.93 14.47,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,151.01,42.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.93,38.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.15,50.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-10.23"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.257166" y="-10.23"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.597385" y="-10.23"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.03,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 183.38,53.93 31.53,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.24,42.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.17,38.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.88,50.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-10.23"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.567165" y="-10.23"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.907387" y="-10.23"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 231.42,53.93 31.52,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.28,42.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,249.21,38.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,264.14,50.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-109.18" y="29.379999"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 150.68,17.29 14.8,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.68,5.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.93,2.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.15,14.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.17" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 183.38,17.29 14.13,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.38,5.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.64,2.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.48,14.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.48" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 214.02,17.29 14.13,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.02,5.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.28,2.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.34,14.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="244.78" y="-19.780001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="248.9435" y="-19.780001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="255.19499" y="-19.780001"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>(NB。这个公式也适用于每一个原理的椭球半径)。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba在本文的其余部分,我们将考虑,不失一般性,弹性球体的接触与一个光滑、坚硬的平面上。的情况下椭圆接触可能以类似的方式处理使用适当的转换公式。</p><h5gydF4y2Baid="subsec2.2">2.2。正常的压力和印迹</h5><p>gydF4y2Ba当一个弹性球体的半径<年代vg height="10.325" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6875 10.325" width="11.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和等效弹性模量<年代vg height="17.799999" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:101.475px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 101.475 17.799999" width="101.475" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.8)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.76)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.16,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.967531" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.443365" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.606865" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.634029" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.974251" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,0.1,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,4.97,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>按负载<年代vg height="10.575" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:17.9625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.9625 10.575" width="17.9625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>与刚性平面,下面的获得(<一个href=”#B17">17</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B19">19</一个>]。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba圆形半径印迹<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M7" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.1750002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是由<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq3"> <svg height="38.287498" id="M8" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 38.287498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,38.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-41.37)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.92,53.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.790001" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.35" y="-7.25"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.601501" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.054249" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 198.27,56.52 26.95,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.96,44.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.14,41.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.42,48.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.02,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.71,53.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="228.41" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.5735" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="238.825" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>接触补丁被定义为该地区<年代vg height="10.55" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.325px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.325 10.55" width="11.325" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.56)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在<年代vg height="9.875" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:16.475px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.475 9.875" width="16.475" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.8766499" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>飞机:<年代vg height="16.637501" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:175.175px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 175.175 16.637501" width="175.175" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.427982" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.46837" y="0"> {</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.46981" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.633308" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.50996" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.723709" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.925198" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.552029" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.416893" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,5.35,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,13.01,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,30.55,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,38.9,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.21,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,62.09,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> }</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba正常的压力<年代vg height="11.075" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:13.85px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.85 11.075" width="13.85" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是由<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq4"> <svg height="30.025" id="M13" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 30.025" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,30.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-47.98)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,122.98,53.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,129.09,50.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.96,53.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.040149" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.241398" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.442884" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.082218" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.122608" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.2,50.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.07,51.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 200.29,70.71 93.48,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.29,53.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.407536" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.883369" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.159878" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.62,58.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.27,53.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.50372" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.705208" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.181042" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.457548" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.9,58.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,474.12,53.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.414999" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>与<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq5"> <svg height="31.35" id="M14" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 31.35" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,31.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-46.92)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.87,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.98,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.33,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.47" y="-7.25"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.7215" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 207.56,59.37 25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.56,47.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.853324" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.69,50.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.76,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="240.36" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="244.5235" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="250.77499" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <h5 id="subsec2.3">2.3。牵引滚动运动学</h5><p>gydF4y2Ba图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>概述不同的蠕变可以发生在牵引滚动。在这里,我们考虑一个球体的半径<年代vg height="10.325" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6875 10.325" width="11.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>滚动的<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>方向,其中心是翻译速度<年代vg height="10.575" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:12.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.625 10.575" width="12.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。此外,球体绕着它旋转<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="9.8625002" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="7.375" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:7.9250002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9250002 7.375" width="7.9250002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>轴角速度<年代vg height="12.7" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:11.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.8625 12.7" width="11.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.7)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.84)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.38,64.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ̇</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-7.5643148" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:10.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.112499" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:10.2px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.2 16.112499" width="10.2" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.1125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.04,64.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ̇</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-6.9099998" y="2.72"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,分别。漏电,描述牵引滚动,定义如下:<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq6"> <svg height="71.587502" id="M24" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 71.587502" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,71.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-14.73)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,91.91,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2890091" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.39,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,114.18,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.592442" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.106983" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.134869" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.47509" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.653496" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.129326" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.156494" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.732353" y="0"> h</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.983849" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.711182" y="0"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.18702" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.43852" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.69002" y="0"> g</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="120.94152" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="124.41735" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="127.89319" y="0"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="134.14468" y="0"> d</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="140.39619" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="143.87202" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="150.12352" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="155.67485" y="0"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="163.31418" y="0"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="168.86552" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="173.01651" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="178.56784" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="184.11917" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="190.37068" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="195.92201" y="0"> g</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="201.98596" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="207.53729" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-21.790001" y="20.48"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-15.513494" y="20.48"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.86,39.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,114.18,42.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.48" y="21.469999"> ̇</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.592201" y="0"> ̇</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.417639" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.833359" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.309193" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.348862" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.924721" y="0"> h</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.17622" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.891052" y="0"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.366882" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.918213" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.394051" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.945381" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.096375" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.647713" y="0"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.28704" y="0"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="107.83837" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="111.98937" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="117.5407" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="123.09203" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="129.34354" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="134.89487" y="0"> g</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="140.95882" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="146.51015" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.4899998" y="24.190001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.717934" y="24.190001"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.193768" y="24.190001"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.220934" y="24.190001"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.796791" y="24.190001"> h</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.04829" y="24.190001"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.763123" y="24.190001"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.626789" y="24.190001"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.878288" y="24.190001"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.354126" y="24.190001"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.781624" y="24.190001"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.332954" y="24.190001"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="85.483955" y="24.190001"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="91.035286" y="24.190001"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="96.586617" y="24.190001"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.83812" y="24.190001"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.38945" y="24.190001"> g</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.45341" y="24.190001"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="120.00474" y="24.190001"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="359.94" y="2.48"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="364.10349" y="2.48"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="370.35501" y="2.48"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在大多数情况下,这些漏电的大小与轧制速度的大小成正比。在这种情况下,它们可以用位移来表示每遍历滚动距离(如下将进一步明显)。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig2"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="214894.fig.002" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.002.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图2</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 滚动运动的概述。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>一个弹性球体牵引滚动的问题在一个刚性飞机可以减少印迹的静止在空间和时间。这是通过假设的刚性平面滚动球体是朝着相反的方向与速度<年代vg height="10.975" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-0.22572pt;width:11.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.4125 10.975" width="11.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.22)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(见图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>)。通过固定接触补丁在一个方向正常点的身体足够的远程接口,将会看到两个表面进入:一个移动速度<年代vg height="10.975" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-0.22572pt;width:11.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.4125 10.975" width="11.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.22)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和一个速度<年代vg height="11.325" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-0.51414pt;width:36px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36 11.325" width="36" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.94)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.802832" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.143053" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,在那里<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq7"> <svg height="28.9625" id="M28" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 28.9625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,28.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,140.48,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.059999" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0146627" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.42" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.709007" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.38,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.47,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.25" y="-2.73"> ̇</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.35" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.414434" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.615923" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.817171" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.106178" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.77,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.39,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.25" y="-2.73"> ̇</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.280001" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.34" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.404434" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="231.73" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.89349" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.145" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>蠕变速度向量,如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig3/" target="_blank">3</一个>。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig3"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig3"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="214894.fig.003" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.003.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图3</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 两个物体之间的相对运动的概述。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>为了到达一个方程来描述表面点的运动学躺在印迹<年代vg height="10.55" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.325px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.325 10.55" width="11.325" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.56)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,一个球面上的点,进入印迹和配偶在入口处对位的刚性平面。由于蠕变,球面上的点会变形的平面接触补丁的数量<年代vg height="13.45" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:60.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 60.4375 13.45" width="60.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.414999" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.455387" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.618887" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.545307" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.75906" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.085579" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>通常被称为位移,这是空间和时间的函数。这种情况在图中进行了描述<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>说明了,在二维情况下,纯滚动和牵引滚动的区别。现在,定义滑动<年代vg height="7.7375002" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:6.1999998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 6.1999998 7.7375002" width="6.1999998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-65.81)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>交配点之间的相对速度的接口,和假设<年代vg height="13.45" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:32.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.362499 13.45" width="32.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>小如印迹维度相比,一个获得以下平面变形的微分方程(<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B19">19</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B20">20.</一个>]:<gydF4y2Ba年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq8"> <svg height="30.475" id="M33" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 30.475" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,30.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-47.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.18,56.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3269978" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.694386" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.240002" y="-7.2600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.117371" y="-7.2600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 218.42,59.66 16.83,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.94,47.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8773699" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.51" y="-8.75"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="254.17999" y="-8.75"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="258.34351" y="-8.75"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="264.595" y="-8.75"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>写出物质导数<年代vg height="11.325" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-0.51414pt;width:133.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 133.8125 11.325" width="133.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.94)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8773699" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.353204" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.230574" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.607344" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.647732" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.036766" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.5126" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.901634" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.590736" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.607559" y="0"> ̇</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.943459" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.820114" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.19664" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.672478" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="100.06151" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="10.575" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:51.3125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.3125 10.575" width="51.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.27,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ̇</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-6.6766019" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.663379" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.703768" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.268324" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,一个获得<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq9"> <svg height="30.737499" id="M36" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 30.737499" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,30.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-47.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159,56.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3269978" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.694386" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.034607" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.240002" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.629032" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 210.24,59.47 13.34,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.28,47.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.280001" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.809999" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.199032" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 240.09,59.47 13.34,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,241.61,47.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.02" y="-8.7600002"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.50999" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.67349" y="-8.7600002"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.925" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>一般来说,<年代vg height="13.45" id="M37" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:52.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 52.787498 13.45" width="52.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.652556" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.692945" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.88217" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.04567" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.959106" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。如果,正如前面指出的,滑和蠕变扩展<年代vg height="10.575" id="M38" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:12.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.625 10.575" width="12.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>前面的方程,然后可以重新用遍历的滚动距离<年代vg height="9.875" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.9124999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9124999 9.875" width="7.9124999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>而不是利用时间和轧制速度的替换<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq10"> <svg height="38.387501" id="M40" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 38.387501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,38.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-41.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.35,52.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.24" y="7.6999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.2022076" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.59,66.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.25" y="25.530001"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.3,52.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.1892252" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.352724" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.754259" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.917759" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.569355" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.97089" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="267.82001" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="271.98349" y="0"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="278.23499" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>替换成(<一个href=”#eq9">8</一个>)的收益率<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq11"> <svg height="33.424999" id="M41" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 33.424999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,33.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-45.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.99,56.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.706888" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.047108" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.25" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.62653" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 205.24,59.47 13.34,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.28,47.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.27" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.610222" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.82" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.196529" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 245.1,59.47 13.34,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.46,47.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.17" y="-8.7600002"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="222.41" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="226.5735" y="-8.7600002"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.825" y="-8.7600002"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="239.07649" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>最后,正常化漏电和滑动的滚动速度,获得一个<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq12"> <svg height="33.424999" id="M42" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 33.424999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,33.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-45.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.21,56.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.427502" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.455387" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.270721" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.810001" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.199032" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 208.02,59.47 13.34,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.06,47.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.280001" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.809999" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.199032" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 237.87,59.47 13.35,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.24,47.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.17" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.63" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="233.7935" y="-8.7600002"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="240.045" y="-8.7600002"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="246.29649" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="16.85" id="M43" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:116.925px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 116.925 16.85" width="116.925" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.85)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.414999" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.455387" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.319056" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.794889" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.459949" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.500336" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.663837" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-6.16,60.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-0.85,63.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2137508" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,12.49,60.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,17.33,63.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>相对滑动和吗<年代vg height="16.8375" id="M44" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:216.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 216.5625 16.8375" width="216.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.8375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.490497" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.082218" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.558052" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.22311" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.2635" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.426998" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-5.48,60.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,2.61,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.404655" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.606144" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.081978" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.358482" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.735733" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,53.39,60.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,61,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.404655" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.281305" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.757139" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.033646" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是相对蠕变。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig4"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig4"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.004a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.004a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.004b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.004b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong></d我v> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig4"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.004a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.004a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.004b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.004b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig4"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图4</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig4/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 滚动的情况下没有滑(a)和滚动滑(b)。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>(在这个配方,漏电<年代vg height="19.1625" id="M45" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:229.10001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 229.10001 19.1625" width="229.10001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.67)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.75,58.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.96,61.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.316895" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-27.45,58.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-22.13,61.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.665059" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.941805" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,1.86,58.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,10.18,61.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.316895" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,35.69,58.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,40.53,61.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.439999" y="-2.72"> ̇</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.665059" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.954308" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.494577" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.540001" y="-7.1054274e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.604435" y="-7.1054274e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.880939" y="-7.1054274e-015"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.356773" y="-7.1054274e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.545998" y="-7.1054274e-015"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>有单位m / m)。此外,当滚动速度是常数,<年代vg height="11.225" id="M46" style="vertical-align:-0.23827pt;width:11.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.4125 11.225" width="11.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>将一个常数向量。否则,它将穿越距离的函数。其他的治疗,的形式(<一个href=”#eq12">11</一个>)将被采纳。</p><h5gydF4y2Baid="subsec2.4">2.4。轧制理论</h5><h6gydF4y2Baid="subsubsec2.4.1">2.4.1。Traction-Displacement关系:简化的理论</h6><p>gydF4y2Ba后石灰(<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>),我们认为简化“温克勒床上用品”模型来确定表面位移之间的关系<年代vg height="13.45" id="M47" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:32.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.362499 13.45" width="32.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和切向牵引领域<年代vg height="16.6" id="M48" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:45.025002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 45.025002 16.6" width="45.025002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.67,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.36,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-45.04,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-40.2,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>滚动对象的情况下不发生滑移。滑的免税额是随后一起正常牵引(赫兹压力)治疗。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba在这个简化的方法中,弹性物体的表面被认为是由弹性“毛”,正常,常数刚度对切向变形,<年代vg height="10.325" id="M49" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1875 10.325" width="11.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,也就是说,<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq13"> <svg height="28.9625" id="M50" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 28.9625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,28.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.46,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.150002" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.52" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.257021" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.297409" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.09,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.4,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.73,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.56,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6100001" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="222.31" y="-4.9200001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="226.4735" y="-4.9200001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.72501" y="-4.9200001"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="238.9765" y="-4.9200001"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="16.6" id="M51" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:45.025002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 45.025002 16.6" width="45.025002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.67,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.36,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-45.04,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-40.2,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>切线牵引力场和吗<年代vg height="10.325" id="M52" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1875 10.325" width="11.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的切向弹性是“毛”。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba弹性参数<年代vg height="10.325" id="M53" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1875 10.325" width="11.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>不仅取决于弹性特性和泊松比,但也接触椭圆的长宽比和漏电的大小。确定一个适当的值<年代vg height="10.325" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1875 10.325" width="11.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>特定情况下,是由正式的比较分析,无滑动的解决方案使用简化的理论与那些使用精确的理论,看到石灰(<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>]:<gydF4y2Ba年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq14"> <svg height="107.9" id="M55" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 107.9" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,107.9)"> <g transform="translate(72,14.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.08,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.849998" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.315455" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.355844" y="0"> ℱ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.209999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.387203" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.588451" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.07,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.22,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.47,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.78,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.03,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,241.87,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.27" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-80.239998" y="32.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.870001" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="226" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.1635" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.41499" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.6665" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-105.79" y="47.880001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-93.474548" y="47.880001"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.49,21.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.36,31.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="10.66"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="13.82"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.5" y="6.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.9,21.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.21,31.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="10.66"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="13.82"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2800002" y="6.9200001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.62022" y="6.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.69,21.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.56,31.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="10.66"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="13.82"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.5" y="6.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.1,21.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.94,31.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="10.66"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="13.82"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2800002" y="6.9200001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.62022" y="6.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.41,21.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,263.29,26.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="3.1600001"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.5" y="1.59"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.56" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.56" y="3.1600001"> |</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 161.63,12.53 114.72,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.66,-10.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 193.88,8.41 63.45,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.88,-6.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.92,-1.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.1999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.01,-6.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.39,-1.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.1999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.04,-6.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.45,-1.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,277.55,9.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="190.32001" y="-0.28999999"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="194.48351" y="-0.28999999"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="200.735" y="-0.28999999"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="206.9865" y="-0.28999999"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>石灰(所示<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>),这个收益率近似的解决方案非常接近由精确的理论。</p><h6gydF4y2Baid="subsubsec2.4.2">2.4.2。绑定和滑移条件的牵引</h6><p>gydF4y2Ba当一个切向位移场<年代vg height="13.45" id="M57" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:32.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.362499 13.45" width="32.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,(<一个href=”#eq13">12</一个>)将产生相应的牵引<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq16"> <svg height="31.9125" id="M58" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 31.9125" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,31.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-46.47)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.69,50.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.17,52.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.48,55.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.8,52.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.64,50.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.08" y="-4.9200001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.309999" y="-13.15"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.473499" y="-13.15"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.399921" y="-13.15"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.60117" y="-13.15"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.927689" y="-13.15"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 222.95,58.4 25.79,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.42,46.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.52" y="-8.75"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.45" y="-8.75"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="240.61349" y="-8.75"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="246.86501" y="-8.75"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="253.1165" y="-8.75"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>这个牵引力场对应的无滑动的条件。在实践中,当地的摩擦系数和正常牵引(赫兹压力)将确定无滑动。换句话说,(<一个href=”#eq16">15</一个>)将有效的前提<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq17"> <svg height="28.9625" id="M59" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 28.9625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,28.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.94,60.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="6.29"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.54" y="8.0600004"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.91" y="3.1400001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.96,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.27,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.6,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.44,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-8.0600004"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-1.77"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.610001" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.637886" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.252213" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.82,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.68,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="216.19" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="220.3535" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="226.605" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.85651" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在那里,<年代vg height="11.075" id="M60" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:13.85px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.85 11.075" width="13.85" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是由(<一个href=”#eq4">3</一个>),(<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#eq5">4</一个>),<gydF4y2Ba年代vg height="9.6750002" id="M61" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:9.6374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.6374998 9.6750002" width="9.6374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是当地的摩擦系数或粘连。一般来说,<年代vg height="9.6750002" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:9.6374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.6374998 9.6750002" width="9.6374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>将取决于接触条件。然而,在目前的研究中,我们只考虑常数的情况下<年代vg height="9.6750002" id="M63" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:9.6374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.6374998 9.6750002" width="9.6374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba条件(<一个href=”#eq17">16</一个>)被称为牵引绑定,导致以下确定切向牵引的关系:<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq18"> <svg height="96.762497" id="M64" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 96.762497" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,96.7625)"> <g transform="translate(72,5.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,90.57,25.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3699999" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.05,27.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,109.36,30.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,120.69,27.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.52,25.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.08" y="-4.9200001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.120001" y="-31.639999"> ⎧</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.120001" y="-23.59"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.120001" y="-12.66"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.120001" y="-1.73"> ⎨</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.120001" y="9.1899996"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.120001" y="20.120001"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.120001" y="28.120001"> ⎩</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.310001" y="-37.119999"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.310001" y="-30.82"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.639999" y="-37.119999"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.639999" y="-30.82"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.849998" y="-33.98"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.0135" y="-33.98"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.939922" y="-33.98"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.141171" y="-33.98"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.467686" y="-33.98"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 157.83,49.86 38.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.84,37.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.059999" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.279999" y="-11.89"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.279999" y="-5.5999999"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.82" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.18" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.14,43.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.45,46.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.77,43.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.61,41.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-8.0600004"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-1.77"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.620001" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.647886" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.262215" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,316.99,43.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,321.86,46.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-165.22" y="33.139999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-157.61818" y="33.139999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.37,10.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.97,21.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 176.43,16.73 38.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.43,4.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="6.3000002"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.330002" y="0"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.330002" y="6.3000002"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.54" y="3.1400001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.703499" y="3.1400001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.629921" y="3.1400001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.831169" y="3.1400001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.157686" y="3.1400001"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.060001" y="-9.3400002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.688751" y="-9.3400002"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.85273" y="-9.3400002"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.416084" y="-9.3400002"> h</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.667587" y="-9.3400002"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.218918" y="-9.3400002"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.619972" y="-9.3400002"> w</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.647141" y="-9.3400002"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.122971" y="-9.3400002"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.986641" y="-9.3400002"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="104.53797" y="-9.3400002"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="291.44" y="-25.91"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="295.60349" y="-25.91"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="301.85501" y="-25.91"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="308.10651" y="-25.91"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <h6 id="subsubsec2.4.3">2.4.3。最初的牵引领域:赫兹接触摩擦</h6><p>gydF4y2Ba任何prerolling发起之前,牵引领域已经出现在由于正常加载接触接触。牵引场的初始值,需要解决prerolling问题,可以计算,考虑赫兹轴对称接触一个球和一个平面。在这里,我们考虑球的正常加载,包括球和其接触表面之间的摩擦行为。剪切牵引领域是由山等。<一个href=”#B19">19</一个>]:<gydF4y2Ba年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq19"> <svg height="56.462502" id="M65" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 56.462502" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,56.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-26.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,85.54,53.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,91.65,50.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,101.3,53.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.2647228" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 85.54,45.99 29.19,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,90.83,34.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.614327" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.56,30.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.4,42.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="-1.79"> √</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 143.04,56.41 30.35,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,143.04,42.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.51,46.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.17,42.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.48" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.849998" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.428942" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.12,39.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.24,42.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.450001" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.129999" y="7.6999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.38,56.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.95,54.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,256.13,31.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,271.32,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3199997" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.690001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.603439" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.804688" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,302.23,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,306.58,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 267.97,45.99 49.56,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,267.97,28.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,271.89,32.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,276.76,30.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> √</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 288.36,41.87 29.17,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.36,28.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,312.65,32.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.72,42.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.565035" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="149.14999" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="153.31349" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="159.565" y="0"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="165.8165" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="11.0625" id="M66" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt;width:60.912498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 60.912498 11.0625" width="60.912498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7148314" y="0"> <</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.332277" y="0"> <</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.372665" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是无量纲径向坐标,<年代vg height="9.6750002" id="M67" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:9.6374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.6374998 9.6750002" width="9.6374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>当地的摩擦系数,<年代vg height="11.075" id="M68" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:13.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.8625 11.075" width="13.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>峰值接触压力,<年代vg height="13.45" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:28.65px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 28.65 13.45" width="28.65" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.915119" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.078618" y="0"> ⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.654476" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>亥维赛阶跃函数,<年代vg height="11.05" id="M70" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.9375 11.05" width="11.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.85,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>表示的无量纲半径区域,和<年代vg height="14.9375" id="M71" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:46.900002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 46.900002 14.9375" width="46.900002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3272381" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.490737" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.591961" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.793209" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-43.05,60.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.7,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>由下面的积分表达式给出:<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq20"> <svg height="182.25" id="M72" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 182.25" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,182.25)"> <g transform="translate(72,73.8)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.04,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3199997" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.690001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.791224" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.992472" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,103.14,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,107.49,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-32.98" y="72.410004"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-20.940001" y="27.51"> ⎧</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-20.940001" y="33.810001"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-20.940001" y="44.259998"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-20.940001" y="54.709999"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-20.940001" y="65.150002"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-20.940001" y="75.599998"> ⎨</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-20.940001" y="86.050003"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-20.940001" y="96.5"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-20.940001" y="106.94"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-20.940001" y="117.39"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-20.940001" y="123.63"> ⎩</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-12.94" y="22.959999"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-6.6884999" y="22.959999"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="132.2" y="22.959999"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="135.67583" y="22.959999"> f</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="144.00284" y="22.959999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,256.6,26.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,264.43,29.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-168.00999" y="29.15"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604944" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.632832" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.884331" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 95.75,-3.86 7.6,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,95.75,-15.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.75" y="-1.0599999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.79" y="-8.75"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.953499" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.643324" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.58,7.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="25.52"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.3212161" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.754272" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.93,0.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 146.41,-3.86 180.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.41,-29.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.387165" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.727386" y="-4.9200001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.890886" y="-4.9200001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.918053" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.270775" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.78,-20.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.66,-24.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.503" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.5,-19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.37,-24.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.71" y="2.72"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.5390692" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 258.3,-7.99 60.75,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.3,-24.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,283.77,-17.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ′</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,286.08,-19.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.3099999" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,290.95,-24.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.863667" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,307.63,-19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,312.5,-24.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.5500002" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.35" y="-17.27"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-198.02" y="37.490002"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-188.25999" y="23.07"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,129.34,-50.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.69,-47.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.21,-38.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ′</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.02,-52.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.48,-50.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.83,-52.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 124.24,-58.62 47.19,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.28,-70.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.35" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.91" y="-16"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 181.19,-58.62 9.69,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.31,-70.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.41,-73.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.85,-61.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-9.2600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.16,-55.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.03,-52.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.853324" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 207.39,-58.62 32.66,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.51,-70.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.28,-73.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.15,-70.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.41,-73.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.76,-70.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.48" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.009998" y="-8.75"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.485832" y="-8.75"> f</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.812832" y="-8.75"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.540165" y="-8.75"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.568054" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.145111" y="-8.75"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.185501" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.686821" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.11" y="-66.480003"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.2735" y="-66.480003"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.52499" y="-66.480003"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="248.7765" y="-66.480003"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="16.5875" id="M73" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:39.849998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 39.849998 16.5875" width="39.849998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.73)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.42,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.95,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.68,58.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.33,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>第一类完全椭圆积分,<年代vg height="17.799999" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:73.637497px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 73.637497 17.799999" width="73.637497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.8)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.76)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.85,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9756801" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.53,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.067554" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.407776" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-18.01,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq21"> <svg height="37.412498" id="M75" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 37.412498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,37.4125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-42.07)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.44,51.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,120.21,48.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.08,51.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.139999" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.2647228" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.891554" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 155.22,54.92 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.22,43.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.34" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.5299997" y="-8.7600002"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.005834" y="-8.7600002"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.9" y="-16.01"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.927166" y="-16.01"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.267387" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 185.12,54.92 25.47,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.12,43.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.67" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.27" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.524139" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.34,56.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.68,51.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.24" y="-9.2299995"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.02,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,280.67,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,297.11,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 267.92,54.92 34.07,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,269.78,42.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,295.25,46.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,303.18,51.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="164.69" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="168.8535" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="175.105" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="181.35651" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>身体的弹性相似,整个接触区棍棒,如此<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M76" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:39.137501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 39.137501 14.7125" width="39.137501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.85,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.03,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。这个胶限制研究了古德曼(<一个href=”#B21">21</一个>),可以在封闭形式表达<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq22"> <svg height="59.162498" id="M77" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 59.162498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,59.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-24.67)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,111.61,60.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.73,57.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,127.38,60.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.2647228" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 111.61,53.31 29.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.23,41.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9641709" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,130.32,38.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.48,50.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.48" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 158.71,53.31 7.6,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.71,41.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.88" y="-1.0599999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.59,64.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.17,67.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ′</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.34,38.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.12,57.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.802832" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.679482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.331078" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 186.25,53.31 51.96,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.25,28.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.387165" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.727386" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.86,36.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.74,28.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.34,44.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.41,50.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.166139" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.893473" y="0"> <</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.92136" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.498417" y="0"> <</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.538807" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.790306" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="228.46001" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.6235" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="238.875" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="245.1265" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>与<年代vg height="13.425" id="M78" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是Dundurs常数(<一个href=”#B22">22</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B23">23</一个>]给出的<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq23"> <svg height="65.012497" id="M79" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 65.012497" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,65.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-19.99)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,95.83,42.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.68" y="-9.5"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.440005" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.040001" y="-14.42"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.067165" y="-14.42"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.407387" y="-14.42"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.658886" y="-14.42"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.77,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.65,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.08" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.440001" y="-4.9200001"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.6915" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.52,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.39,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.38" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.73" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.09" y="-4.9200001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.117165" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.457386" y="-4.9200001"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.708885" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.38,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,270.26,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.440001" y="-4.9200001"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.6915" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,304.13,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,309,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 119.51,45.99 197.09,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.02,23.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.387165" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.727386" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.03,25.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.91,28.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.72,25.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.37,28.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.50372" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.88361" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.53,25.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,262.41,28.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.22,25.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,317.8,42.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="150.07001" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="154.23351" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="160.485" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="166.7365" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig5/" target="_blank">5</一个>显示了不同的径向剪切牵引分布值<年代vg height="11.05" id="M80" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.9375 11.05" width="11.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.85,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。这一领域作为prerolling模型的初始值。让我们注意但是,一旦获得总轧制,相对应的牵引领域,它将作为后续轧制初始值。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig5"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig5"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="214894.fig.005" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.005.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图5</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig5/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 径向剪切部分滑移情况下牵引分布不同。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="solution-procedure">3所示。解决方案的过程</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba指一节,要解决的问题可能是陈述如下:解决(<一个href=”#eq12">11</一个>)要视情况而定(<一个href=”#eq13">12</一个>),(<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#eq16">15</一个>),(<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#eq17">16</一个>)确定切向位移和牵引。首先,我们表明,(<一个href=”#eq12">11</一个>)承认一个封闭形式的通解为零的情况下滑。其次,我们应用刚度和滑移条件(<一个href=”#eq13">12</一个>),(<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#eq16">15</一个>),(<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#eq17">16</一个>)在一个数值实现确定产生的牵引力的字段。最后,牵引力量决定。</p><h5gydF4y2Baid="subsec3.1">3.1。分析,零滑动的解决方案</h5><p>gydF4y2Ba首先,我们写的两名成员(<一个href=”#eq12">11</一个>)的形式<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq24"> <svg height="80.574997" id="M81" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" 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2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="213.61501" y="-8.4399996"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219.8665" y="-8.4399996"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-117.15" y="20.65"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-110.76096" y="20.65"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 147.25,21.76 13.26,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.25,9.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.24" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.780001" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.156528" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 177.03,21.76 12.71,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.08,9.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.33" y="-8.7600002"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.357885" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.58,15.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.19,18.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.57,15.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.19,18.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604435" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 259.73,21.76 14.94,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,264.06,9.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.81" y="-8.7600002"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="203.81" y="-8.4399996"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="207.9735" y="-8.4399996"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="214.22501" y="-8.4399996"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="220.4765" y="-8.4399996"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>如果滑<年代vg height="16.6" id="M83" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:50.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 50.049999 16.6" width="50.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.66,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.35,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-41.01,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-36.17,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,(<一个href=”#eq24">23</一个>),(<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#eq24">24</一个>)承认通用解决方案,详细推导在附录中。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba自滑事先是未知的领域,对数值实现的解决方案是那些对应于零滑动的情况下。因此,对于<年代vg height="16.6" id="M84" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:77.25px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 77.25 16.6" width="77.25" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.66,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.35,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-41.01,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-36.17,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> ≡</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,我们有以下的解决方案(见附录):<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq26"> <svg height="33.037498" id="M85" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 33.037498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,33.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-45.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,100.52,55.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.849998" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.9264221" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.966572" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.167818" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.369307" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.583057" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.309433" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.93626" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.97665" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="67.478691" y="0"> ⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.989998" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="95.330223" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.89,52.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.98,55.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604435" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 222.52,58.42 14.27,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.51,46.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.47" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.85" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.19022" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.129387" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.292885" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.945202" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.285423" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.011795" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.225548" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.427032" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.59053" y="-8.7600002"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="241.36" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="245.5235" y="-8.7600002"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="251.77499" y="-8.7600002"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="258.02649" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>同样的,一般的解决方案<年代vg height="7.4250002" id="M86" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.0375004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0375004 7.4250002" width="8.0375004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq27"> <svg height="33.037498" id="M87" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 33.037498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,33.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-45.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,81.75,55.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.239998" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3265181" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.490017" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.366667" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.567915" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.769403" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.983154" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.70953" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.336357" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.376747" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="67.878784" y="0"> ⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.389999" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="95.71772" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.52,52.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.14,55.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.53" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 203.67,58.42 8.07,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.57,46.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3599997" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.939999" y="-17.059999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.73" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.382317" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 242.49,58.42 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.49,46.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.051824" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.43" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.770222" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.921696" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.085197" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.737511" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.077736" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.804108" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.01786" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="85.219345" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.382843" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="225.38" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.5435" y="-8.7600002"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.795" y="-8.7600002"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.04649" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="13.4875" id="M88" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:26.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.225 13.4875" width="26.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.228414" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是任意的函数。注意,在印迹<年代vg height="10.55" id="M89" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.325px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.325 10.55" width="11.325" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.56)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="10.9125" id="M90" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:62.037498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 62.037498 10.9125" width="62.037498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3897533" y="0"> ≡</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.430141" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.232494" y="0"> ≡</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.272884" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba让我们首先注意的问题不是耦合<年代vg height="13.55" id="M91" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:33.387501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.387501 13.55" width="33.387501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.040149" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.241398" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.442884" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,也就是说,<年代vg height="9.8625002" id="M92" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>可视为一个参数(<一个href=”#eq26">25</一个>)和(<一个href=”#eq27">26</一个>)。因此,我们可以解决这个问题的任何行<年代vg height="11.0625" id="M93" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:41.112499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 41.112499 11.0625" width="41.112499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.705208" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.04,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在印迹。因此,指图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>,我们认为线段上的解决方案<年代vg height="11.0625" id="M94" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:41.112499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 41.112499 11.0625" width="41.112499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.705208" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.04,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>有界的前沿<年代vg height="14.75" id="M95" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:60.212502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 60.212502 14.75" width="60.212502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.339981" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.380369" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.656876" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.820374" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-32.92,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-28.05,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和后缘<年代vg height="14.75" id="M96" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:70.912498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 70.912498 14.75" width="70.912498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.339981" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.380369" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.944925" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.221432" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.38493" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-24.36,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-19.48,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。自从进入印迹表面点免费的压力,我们有<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq28"> <svg height="28.9625" id="M97" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 28.9625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,28.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.42,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="118.74" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.11" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3897533" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.430141" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.232494" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.272884" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.476772" y="0"> ∀</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.478455" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.880943" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.432281" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.071609" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="100.4241" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.46449" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,266.73,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,271.6,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6100001" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="196.27" y="-4.9200001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="200.4335" y="-4.9200001"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="206.685" y="-4.9200001"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="212.93649" y="-4.9200001"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>为解决方案提供必要的边界条件。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig6"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig6"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="214894.fig.006" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.006.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图6</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig6/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 没有滑滚动的情况下(左)和滚动滑(右)。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>最初的表面位移分布<年代vg height="13.55" id="M98" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:34.487499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.487499 13.55" width="34.487499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.1897049" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.230095" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>被认为是已知的,例如,从部分<一个href=”#subsubsec2.4.3">2.4.3</一个>,因为<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq29"> <svg height="67.849998" id="M99" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 67.849998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,67.85)"> <g transform="translate(72,-17.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.07,41.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.24" y="-15.16"> ⎧</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.24" y="-7.5999999"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.24" y="3.1900001"> ⎨</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.24" y="13.98"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.24" y="21.469999"> ⎩</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.1897049" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.24" y="-15.56"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.491501" y="-15.56"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.120251" y="-15.56"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.510002" y="-15.56"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.550392" y="-15.56"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.56,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.43,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.23665" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.437899" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.08,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.96,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-84.650002" y="26.200001"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-78.398499" y="26.200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-62.769749" y="26.200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-52.9799" y="26.200001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-40.93951" y="26.200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.36,23.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.23,21.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.23665" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.437899" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.88,23.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,259.76,21.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="208.11" y="-20.48"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="212.2735" y="-20.48"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="218.52499" y="-20.48"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.7765" y="-20.48"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>替换成(<一个href=”#eq26">25</一个>)和(<一个href=”#eq27">26</一个>),我们得到<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq30"> <svg height="69" id="M100" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 69" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,69)"> <g transform="translate(72,-16.8)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.18,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.979315" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.180561" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.57,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.44,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.04,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.92,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.23665" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.437899" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.57,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.44,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6100001" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-94.470001" y="27.110001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-88.318527" y="27.110001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-84.155022" y="27.110001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-77.278374" y="27.110001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-72.077126" y="27.110001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.57,22.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.44,25.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.44,22.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.32,20.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.23665" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.437899" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.97,22.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.85,20.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="217.02" y="-20.93"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="221.1835" y="-20.93"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="227.435" y="-20.93"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="233.68649" y="-20.93"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>方程(<一个href=”#eq30">29日</一个>)意味着最初的<年代vg height="13.45" id="M101" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:32.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.362499 13.45" width="32.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>分布决定了任意函数<年代vg height="13.4875" id="M102" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:10.675px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.675 13.4875" width="10.675" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="9.9375" id="M103" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.4375 9.9375" width="8.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在定义的范围<年代vg height="13.45" id="M104" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:32.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.362499 13.45" width="32.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。因此,通过替换<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M105" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>通过<年代vg height="11.5375" id="M106" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:34.150002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.150002 11.5375" width="34.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.77)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,65.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,在<年代vg height="12.5" id="M107" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:98.699997px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 98.699997 12.5" width="98.699997" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.5)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.304392" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.344782" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.997097" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.337318" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.539528" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.579918" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>我们有,<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq32"> <svg height="69" id="M108" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 69" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,69)"> <g transform="translate(72,-16.8)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,56.66,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.4399996" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.81" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.462317" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.802536" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.528912" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.73016" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.6,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.48,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.11039" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.52,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.39,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3699999" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.009813" y="-4.9200001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.362537" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.088909" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.290157" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.89,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.77,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-141.72" y="27.110001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-135.07001" y="32.029999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-127.7" y="27.110001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-118.04768" y="27.110001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-106.70747" y="27.110001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-100.98109" y="27.110001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-95.779839" y="27.110001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.2,22.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.08,20.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.11039" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.52,22.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.39,20.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3699999" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.009813" y="-4.9200001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.362537" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.088909" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.290157" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.89,22.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.77,20.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.080002" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.450001" y="-20.93"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.459999" y="-20.93"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.80022" y="-20.93"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.42,38.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,259.29,36.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.779999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.150002" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.08" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.107885" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.460369" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.500759" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,324.64,38.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,329.51,36.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.38" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.720221" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.446594" y="-4.9200001"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="138.36" y="-4.9200001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="142.5235" y="-4.9200001"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="148.77499" y="-4.9200001"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="155.0265" y="-4.9200001"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>为了获得函数的形式<年代vg height="13.4875" id="M109" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:10.675px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.675 13.4875" width="10.675" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="9.9375" id="M110" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.4375 9.9375" width="8.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在这一期间<年代vg height="14.75" id="M111" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:136.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 136.5 14.75" width="136.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2765059" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.440005" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.31,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-50.43,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.926662" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.469091" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.50948" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.861965" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.902351" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.178856" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.342361" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,28.12,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,32.99,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>我们利用初始条件<年代vg height="14.75" id="M112" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:60.212502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 60.212502 14.75" width="60.212502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.339981" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.380369" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.656876" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.820374" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-32.92,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-28.05,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。因此,用(<一个href=”#eq28">27</一个>)(<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#eq26">25</一个>)和(<一个href=”#eq27">26</一个>)的收益率<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq33"> <svg height="158.4375" id="M113" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 158.4375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,158.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,54.75)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,31.97,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.9299998" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.29" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.57" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.93" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,65.1,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,69.98,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.801248" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,88.99,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.86,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.44" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.41" y="39.91"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2137508" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.52" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.547886" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.52" y="34.990002"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.547886" y="34.990002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.049927" y="34.990002"> ⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.560001" y="34.990002"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.887718" y="34.990002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.8,19.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.89,22.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-9.2600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604435" y="-9.2600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.69,28.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 191.43,25.43 19.14,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.86,13.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.9" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.07" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.43" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.709999" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.07" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.280001" y="-8.75"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.62022" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,269.13,19.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,274.01,17.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6018238" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.98" y="-4.9200001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.320221" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.046597" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.247845" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,320.47,19.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.34,17.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6100001" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-293.76999" y="28.379999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-287.44" y="33.299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-280.07999" y="28.379999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-273.79999" y="33.299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-266.44" y="28.379999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,65.1,-14.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,69.98,-15.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.801248" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,88.99,-14.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.86,-11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.44" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.41" y="38.950001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2137508" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.52" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.547886" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.52" y="34.029999"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.547886" y="34.029999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.049927" y="34.029999"> ⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.560001" y="34.029999"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.887718" y="34.029999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.8,-48.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.42,-45.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.53" y="-8.3100004"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 190.95,-41.9 8.07,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.85,-53.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3599997" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.73" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.370001" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.42,-48.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.29,-49.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.39" y="-4.9200001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.940001" y="-13.23"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 255.21,-41.9 6.26,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.21,-53.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.43" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.790001" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.07" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.43" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.051824" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.43" y="-8.75"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.770222" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.84,-48.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,330.72,-49.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.38" y="-4.9200001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.720221" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.446594" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.647842" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,369.58,-48.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,374.45,-49.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6100001" y="-4.9200001"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.419998" y="-55.450001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="97.583496" y="-55.450001"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="103.835" y="-55.450001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="110.0865" y="-55.450001"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>替换<年代vg height="9.875" id="M114" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.9124999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9124999 9.875" width="7.9124999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>通过<年代vg height="11.5375" id="M115" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:34.150002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.150002 11.5375" width="34.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.77)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,65.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,在<年代vg height="14.75" id="M116" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:136.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 136.5 14.75" width="136.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2765059" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.440005" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.31,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-50.43,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.926662" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.469091" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.50948" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.861965" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.902351" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.178856" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.342361" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,28.12,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,32.99,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,翻译<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M117" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>通过<年代vg height="14.75" id="M118" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:42.924999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 42.924999 14.75" width="42.924999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.841061" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.00456" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-46.74,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-41.87,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>我们有,<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq35"> <svg height="118.3875" id="M119" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 118.3875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,118.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,22.71)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,38.93,54.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.4399996" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.81" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.449814" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.802536" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.528912" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.73016" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,92.87,51.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,97.75,49.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.67" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.160004" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.529999" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.097885" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.040001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.692314" y="-4.9200001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.032536" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.534576" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.874802" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.48,51.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.35,49.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6018238" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.203648" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.35" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.69022" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.08,51.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.17,54.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-9.2600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604435" y="-9.2600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.97,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 265.71,57.46 19.14,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,272.14,45.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.9" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.51" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-231.42" y="26.540001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-224.77" y="31.459999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-217.39999" y="26.540001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-207.76019" y="26.540001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-196.40746" y="26.540001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-190.68109" y="26.540001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-185.47984" y="26.540001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,92.87,15.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,97.75,14.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.67" y="-1.7763568e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.160004" y="-1.7763568e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.529999" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.097885" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.040001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.692314" y="-4.9200001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.032536" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.534576" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.874802" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.48,15.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.35,14.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6018238" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.203648" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.35" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.69022" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.08,15.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.7,19.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.77" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 265.24,22.17 12.52,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.24,10.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.72" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.209999" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.57" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.08" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.732315" y="-8.75"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.072536" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.587078" y="-8.75"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.927299" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,347.01,15.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,351.89,14.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.799999" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-146.91" y="28.379999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-140.64" y="33.299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-133.27" y="28.379999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6018238" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.203648" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.82,-17.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.69,-19.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.629997" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.989998" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.38" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.720221" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.922428" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.950314" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.302799" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.343185" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,314.88,-17.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,319.76,-19.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="148.11" y="-40.700001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.2735" y="-40.700001"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="158.52499" y="-40.700001"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="164.7765" y="-40.700001"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>最后,封闭形式的解析解的替换<年代vg height="13.4875" id="M120" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:10.675px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.675 13.4875" width="10.675" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="9.9375" id="M121" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.4375 9.9375" width="8.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>从(<一个href=”#eq32">30.</一个>)和(<一个href=”#eq35">32</一个>)(<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#eq26">25</一个>)和(<一个href=”#eq27">26</一个>):<gydF4y2Ba年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq36"> <svg height="360.1875" id="M122" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 360.1875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,360.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,216.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,35.47,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.9299998" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.29" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.166651" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.367899" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,67.05,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.92,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.44" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-6.0799999" y="38.950001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-32.98" y="34.029999"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-20.939611" y="34.029999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-12.437571" y="34.029999"> ⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.0599999" y="34.029999"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.400221" y="34.029999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.37,20.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,101.46,23.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604435" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 114,26.39 14.26,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.99,14.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.47" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-79.739998" y="41.580002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-68.400002" y="24.940001"> ⎧</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-68.400002" y="33.66"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-68.400002" y="44.77"> ⎨</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-68.400002" y="55.880001"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-68.400002" y="64.540001"> ⎩</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-60.400002" y="27.5"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-51.830002" y="32.419998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.6600001" y="32.419998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.02" y="27.5"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-44.470001" y="27.5"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-34.817684" y="27.5"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-23.477463" y="27.5"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-14.975423" y="27.5"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-3.622699" y="27.5"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.21,-16.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.09,-17.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6018238" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.203648" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.34" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.680222" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.82,-16.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.91,-12.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.53" y="-9.2600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.594435" y="-9.2600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,216.71,-6.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 202.44,-9.87 19.14,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.88,-21.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.9" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.41" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.77" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.5" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.12875" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.85,-16.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,270.73,-17.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.620003" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.989998" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.38" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.720221" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.909925" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.950314" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.302799" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.343185" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,355.92,-16.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,360.79,-17.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-303.20001" y="26.200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,63.52,-47.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,68.4,-49.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.012316" y="-4.9200001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.352537" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.078911" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.292664" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,113.9,-47.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.77,-49.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="142.08" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="149.45" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="127.24" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="135.80455" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,274.42,-47.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.29,-49.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.779999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.139999" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.08" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.107885" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.460369" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.500759" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,344.63,-47.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,349.51,-49.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-314.04001" y="27.110001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-307.70999" y="32.029999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.38" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.720221" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.446594" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-300.35001" y="27.110001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-293.47336" y="27.110001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-288.27209" y="27.110001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,67.45,-79.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,72.32,-76.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.44" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-6.48" y="38.950001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2137508" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-33.380001" y="34.029999"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-21.339611" y="34.029999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-12.837571" y="34.029999"> ⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.6600001" y="34.029999"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.000221" y="34.029999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.37,-113.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,100.98,-110.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 113.52,-107.05 8.07,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,114.42,-118.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3599997" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.93" y="-17.049999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.73" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.369814" y="-8.75"> +</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 152.34,-107.05 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.34,-118.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-114.09" y="56.66"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-102.75" y="24.950001"> ⎧</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-102.75" y="36.240002"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-102.75" y="48.040001"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-102.75" y="59.849998"> ⎨</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-102.75" y="71.660004"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-102.75" y="83.470001"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-102.75" y="94.690002"> ⎩</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-94.75" y="26.540001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-86.18" y="31.459999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-31.690001" y="31.459999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-24.33" y="26.540001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.051824" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-78.82" y="26.540001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-69.167686" y="26.540001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-57.827461" y="26.540001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-49.325424" y="26.540001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-37.972698" y="26.540001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.21,-148.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.09,-150.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6018238" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.203648" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.34" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.680222" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.82,-148.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.43,-145.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.77" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 201.97,-142.34 12.53,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.97,-154.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.73" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.209999" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.580002" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.09" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.742315" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.082539" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.584576" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.924797" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,283.75,-148.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.62,-150.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.809999" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-231.03" y="26.200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-224.75" y="31.120001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-217.38" y="26.200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6018238" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.203648" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,77.44,-179.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,82.31,-181.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.629997" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.989998" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.38" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.720221" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.922428" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.950314" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.302799" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.343185" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.5,-179.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.38,-181.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-114.79" y="26.200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,63.92,-210.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,68.8,-212.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.012316" y="-4.9200001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.352537" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.078911" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.292664" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,114.3,-210.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.17,-212.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.65" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.02" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5999999" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.801248" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.365803" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.39,-210.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.26,-212.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.779999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.139999" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.08" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.107885" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.460369" y="-4.9200001"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.500759" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.61,-210.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.48,-212.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.38" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.720221" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.446594" y="-4.9200001"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.39" y="-137.42"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.5535" y="-137.42"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.80499" y="-137.42"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="249.0565" y="-137.42"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>这个解决方案表明,初始位移分布通过波,从右到左移动,通过接触补丁。总轧制后从而实现滚动距离相等<年代vg height="10.85" id="M123" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:15.7875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.7875 10.85" width="15.7875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.85)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>遍历。相对应的无滑动位移场是获得最高的成员(<一个href=”#eq36">33</一个>),<gydF4y2Ba年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq38"> <svg height="78.349998" id="M124" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 78.349998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,78.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-9.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,65.86,54.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.79,51.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∞</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,80.39,49.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.23665" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.437899" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,106.04,51.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.92,49.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.67" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.309998" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.68" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.097885" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.040001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.679813" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.032536" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.8,51.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.67,49.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6018238" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.203648" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.35" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.69022" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.4,51.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.49,54.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-9.2600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604435" y="-9.2600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.3,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 259.03,57.46 19.14,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.46,45.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.91" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.51" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-200" y="26.540001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.79,15.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∞</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,80.39,14.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.23665" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.437899" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,106.04,15.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.92,14.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.67" y="-1.7763568e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.309998" y="-1.7763568e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.68" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.097885" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.040001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.679813" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.032536" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.8,15.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.67,14.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6018238" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.203648" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.35" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.69022" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.4,15.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.02,19.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.77" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 258.56,22.17 12.53,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.56,10.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.72" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.360001" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.720001" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.09" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.729813" y="-8.75"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.082539" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,320.49,15.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.36,14.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.809999" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6018238" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.203648" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="142.50999" y="-23.41"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="146.67349" y="-23.41"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.925" y="-23.41"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="159.1765" y="-23.41"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>这显然是独立的初始分布。</p><h5gydF4y2Baid="subsec3.2">3.2。数值实现</h5><p>gydF4y2Ba为了过程数值适用于一个给定的接触问题,接触区域离散为一组节点。在图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig7/" target="_blank">7</一个>网格被描述,我们选择在编程方便<年代vg height="13.5125" id="M125" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:58.424999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 58.424999 13.5125" width="58.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.19)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.367147" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.407536" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.434704" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。从任何初始分布<年代vg height="14.75" id="M126" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:112.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 112.8625 14.75" width="112.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.15,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.040149" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.241398" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.7,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-33.82,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.364747" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-18.12,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-13.25,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.040149" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.241398" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,9.2,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,14.08,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,(<一个href=”#eq36">33</一个>)收益率零滑动值在任何期望的价值<年代vg height="9.875" id="M127" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.9124999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9124999 9.875" width="7.9124999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。在特定情况下的增量<年代vg height="13.5125" id="M128" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:57.837502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 57.837502 13.5125" width="57.837502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.19)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.216871" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.257259" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.284428" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,分析解决方案降低了以下简单的步进式程序。后一步<年代vg height="13.5125" id="M129" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:19.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.1875 13.5125" width="19.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.19)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,新<年代vg height="13.45" id="M130" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:32.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.362499 13.45" width="32.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>分布是通过增加的前一个值<年代vg height="16.6" id="M131" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:180.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 180.875 16.6" width="180.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.75354" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.91704" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.481594" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.43,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30.34,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.404655" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.606144" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.081978" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.358482" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.559731" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.124287" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,24.84,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,32.45,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.404655" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.281305" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.757139" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.033646" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,每一个转变<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M132" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:7.5374999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.5374999 7.1624999" width="7.5374999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="7.4250002" id="M133" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.0375004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0375004 7.4250002" width="8.0375004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>向量左一个位置,和填充的边界条件<年代vg height="10.9125" id="M134" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:62.037498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 62.037498 10.9125" width="62.037498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3897533" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.430141" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.232494" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.272884" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在正确的。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig7"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig7"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="214894.fig.007" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.007.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图7</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig7/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 离散化的印迹。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>接下来,牵引绑定需要验证每一步和的值<年代vg height="13.45" id="M135" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:32.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.362499 13.45" width="32.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>相应的纠正。这是进行如下。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba与任何新获得的价值<年代vg height="13.45" id="M136" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:32.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.362499 13.45" width="32.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,我们计算<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq40"> <svg height="28.9625" id="M137" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 28.9625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,28.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.46,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.94,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.25,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.57,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.41,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.08" y="-4.9200001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.107885" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.960011" y="-4.9200001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.123508" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.049931" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.263683" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.590199" y="-4.9200001"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.7537" y="-4.9200001"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="272.45999" y="-4.9200001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="276.6235" y="-4.9200001"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="282.875" y="-4.9200001"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="289.1265" y="-4.9200001"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>如果<年代vg height="16.8125" id="M138" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:104px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 104 16.8125" width="104" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.55)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.5390692" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.702568" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.13,60.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.82,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.5,60.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-33.66,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.165899" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.206287" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.820614" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,6.28,60.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,没有滑动发生(<年代vg height="16.6" id="M139" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:79.724998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 79.724998 16.6" width="79.724998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.82,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.04,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.87,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-26.56,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)和的值<年代vg height="13.45" id="M140" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:32.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.362499 13.45" width="32.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>就留下了。另一方面,如果<年代vg height="16.8125" id="M141" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:104px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 104 16.8125" width="104" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.55)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.5390692" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.702568" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.13,60.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.82,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.5,60.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-33.66,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.165899" y="0"> ></t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.206287" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.820614" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,6.28,60.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,然后<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq41"> <svg height="45.325001" id="M142" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 45.325001" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,45.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-35.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.26,55.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.05,52.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.0956001" y="0"> w</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.44,55.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-9.2600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.831823" y="-9.2600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.4,61.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 191.67,58.4 18.59,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.54,46.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.92" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.02" y="-16.98"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.183498" y="-16.98"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.109921" y="-16.98"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.311169" y="-16.98"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.637688" y="-16.98"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 220.02,58.4 38.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.02,45.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="6.3000002"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.330002" y="0"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.330002" y="6.3000002"> 为</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.060001" y="-4.4200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.54" y="3.1500001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.703499" y="3.1500001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.629921" y="3.1500001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.831169" y="3.1500001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.157686" y="3.1500001"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,267.68,35.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> d</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.37,55.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="188.5" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="192.6635" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="198.91499" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="205.1665" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig8/" target="_blank">8</一个>算法的流程图。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig8"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig8"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="214894.fig.008" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.008.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图8</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig8/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 算法的流程图。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h5 id="subsec3.3">3.3。牵引计算<年代vg height="16.237499" id="M143" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:66.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 66.9375 16.237499" width="66.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.22,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.91,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-45.97,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-41.14,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2137508" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-23.36,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></h5> <p>总牵引力量和时刻获得的积分:<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq42"> <svg height="146.45" id="M144" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 146.45" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,146.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,45.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.03,52.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.76,48.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.55,52.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.03" y="7.6999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.59,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.25" y="25.52"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.74512" y="25.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.31,44.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.31,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3935041" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.30792" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.25" y="25.52"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.74512" y="25.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.1386242" y="25.52"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.05304" y="25.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.394032" y="25.52"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.2,52.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.31,48.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.62,52.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-87.110001" y="42.009998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.040149" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.241398" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.442884" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.606384" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.25798" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.22263" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.874226" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.075714" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="254.25" y="-0.28999999"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="258.41351" y="-0.28999999"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="264.66501" y="-0.28999999"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="270.9165" y="-0.28999999"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.23,6.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.55,10)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.03" y="7.6999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.59,24.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.25" y="25.52"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.74512" y="25.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.31,2.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.31,24.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3935041" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.30792" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.25" y="25.52"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.74512" y="25.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.1386242" y="25.52"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.05304" y="25.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.394032" y="25.52"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.2,10)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.31,6.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.15,10)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-91.510002" y="42.009998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.040149" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.241398" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.442884" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.606384" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.25798" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.22263" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.874226" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.075714" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="254.72" y="-0.28999999"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="258.88348" y="-0.28999999"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="265.13501" y="-0.28999999"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="271.38651" y="-0.28999999"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.21,-35.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.55,-32.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.03" y="7.6999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.59,-17.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.25" y="25.52"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.74512" y="25.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.31,-39.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.31,-17.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3935041" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.30792" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.25" y="25.52"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.74512" y="25.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.1386242" y="25.52"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.05304" y="25.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.394032" y="25.52"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.2,-32.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.1139669" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.277466" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.154116" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.355364" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.556852" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.720352" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.821575" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.985073" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.861725" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.075474" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.276962" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.44046" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.092056" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.044205" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.695801" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="265.67001" y="-0.28999999"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="269.8335" y="-0.28999999"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="276.08499" y="-0.28999999"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="282.33649" y="-0.28999999"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>与<年代vg height="13.55" id="M147" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:39.775002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 39.775002 13.55" width="39.775002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.1012239" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.2647228" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.141373" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.342621" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.544109" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>径向距离印迹的中心节点的位置。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba无滑动、滚动的解决方案,总值(<一个href=”#eq42">37</一个>)和(<一个href=”#eq42">38</一个>)收益率(参见[<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>])<gydF4y2Ba年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq45"> <svg height="85.900002" id="M148" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 85.900002" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,85.9)"> <g transform="translate(72,-3.28)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,151.26,51.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.98,48.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.77,51.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-9.2200003"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.794556" y="-9.2200003"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.046055" y="-9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.09,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.97,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.01,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 181,54.94 37.32,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.11,43.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.4" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-40.380001" y="30.799999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="275.76001" y="-11.23"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="279.92349" y="-11.23"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="286.17499" y="-11.23"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="292.42651" y="-11.23"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.45,9.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.77,12.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-10.74"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.794556" y="-10.74"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.046055" y="-10.74"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.09,28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.97,23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.01,19.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 181,15.39 36.85,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.87,3.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.950001" y="-8.75"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.490002" y="-17.049999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.079323" y="-17.049999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,248.24,25.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.11,20.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 234.36,15.39 26.82,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.21,3.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.16" y="-8.75"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="227.66" y="-11.99"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="231.8235" y="-11.99"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="238.075" y="-11.99"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="244.32649" y="-11.99"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在比较这些结果正式从精确的理论,与结果的关系(<一个href=”#eq13">12</一个>)和(<一个href=”#eq14">13</一个>得到了)。</p><h5gydF4y2Baid="subsec3.4">3.4。量纲分析</h5><p>gydF4y2Ba为了生成、分析和呈现结果系统,应用量纲分析这个问题。这是通过Vaschy-Buckingham——的应用<年代vg height="10.475" id="M150" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.4125 10.475" width="11.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Π</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>定理(<一个href=”#B24">24</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B25">25</一个>)如下。滚动问题一般可以表示为<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq47"> <svg height="28.9625" id="M151" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 28.9625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,28.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,63.37,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.4399996" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.81" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.262749" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.463997" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.190849" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.392097" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.957615" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.171364" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.447868" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.661621" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.15,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.02,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.315215" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.528967" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.456108" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.669859" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.922077" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.123325" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.312553" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.526302" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.815311" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.03,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.34,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2137508" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.50276" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.03,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,248.87,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.12" y="-2.73"> ̇</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.019997" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.21" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.274435" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.475683" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.75219" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.96594" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.580269" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.794018" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.520393" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.721642" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.598289" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.812042" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.099998" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="95.127884" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.37939" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="223.1635" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.41499" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.6665" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>检验表明,该问题拥有三个独立的尺寸(长度、力和时间)。选择<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M152" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.1750002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="11.075" id="M153" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:13.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.8625 11.075" width="13.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="10.575" id="M154" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:12.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.625 10.575" width="12.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>随着变量被淘汰,我们获得的无量纲形式,变量的数量是减少了三:<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq48"> <svg height="125.6" id="M155" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 125.6" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,125.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,28.48)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,62.99,56.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℱ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.49" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.98" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 83.04,59.15 22.14,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,83.04,46.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,89.15,43.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,94.02,46.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,100.3,50.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,106.37,56.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.71" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 112.78,59.15 22.13,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,112.78,46.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.89,43.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.76,46.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,130.04,50.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.11,56.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.63" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 142.52,59.15 22.13,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.52,46.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,148.63,43.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.5,46.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.78,50.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.85,56.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.4099998" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 172.26,59.15 6.27,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.26,47.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4699998" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.87" y="-18.02"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.25,62.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 186.13,59.15 10.99,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.13,47.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.25,44.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text 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12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4699998" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-201.08" y="26.879999"> ℱ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-189.59" y="31.799999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-182.23" y="26.879999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.540001" y="-8.75"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.580389" y="-8.75"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.83189" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,96.11,-15.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,101.18,-20.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.93,-15.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,121.01,-20.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.91,-15.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.98,-20.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.31,-15.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.38,-20.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.27,-15.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.35,-20.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.81,-15.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.88,-20.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.13,-23.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.44,-20.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.69,-23.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.53,-20.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.265683" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.479433" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.755939" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.96969" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.584019" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.785267" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,282.55,-15.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,287.63,-20.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,299.71,-15.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,304.79,-20.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,316.2,-15.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,321.28,-24.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.097885" y="-4.9200001"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.349386" y="-4.9200001"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="146.59" y="-43.580002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="150.75349" y="-43.580002"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="157.005" y="-43.580002"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="163.2565" y="-43.580002"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>另一种可能性是也消除(无量纲)摩擦系数<年代vg height="9.6750002" id="M156" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:9.6374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.6374998 9.6750002" width="9.6374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>因为它只鳞片的牵引力量。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba我们将符号使用的术语的概述。由于模型不包含系统动力学的球,滚动速度<年代vg height="10.575" id="M157" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:12.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.625 10.575" width="12.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>掉出来的方程。这量纲分析可以更容易地比较不同参数的影响问题的一个一致的方式。因此,在下一节中,结果在这个无量纲形式给出。任意值的0.5已经用于滑动摩擦系数。</p><h4我d=”re年代ults">4所示。结果</h4><h5gydF4y2Baid="subsec4.1">4.1。稳态滚动</h5><p>gydF4y2Ba图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig9/" target="_blank">9</一个>描述牵引分布有关基本情况下的稳态滚动纵向、横向、弹性球的旋转和/或漏电。虽然滚动纵向和横向蠕变是轮轨或tyre-road接触的主要兴趣,滚动和旋转角接触球轴承的主要类型和线性导轨(例如,与v型槽轨道)。为了更好的可见性,使用的是粗网格。图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig9/" target="_blank">9(一个)</一个>给出了平等的纵向和横向蠕变的例子。对称w.r.t.滑动区<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M158" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>设在而牵引向量是面向<年代vg height="11.1" id="M159" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:26.4625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.4625 11.1" width="26.4625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.816055" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>度。数据<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig9/" target="_blank">9 (b)</一个>和<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig9/" target="_blank">9 (c)</一个>代表自旋漏电的牵引领域不同的水平。随着旋转,滑区域变大,直到总接触区滑。图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig9/" target="_blank">9 (d)</一个>显示了牵引领域看起来像在两个方向旋转结合漏电。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig9"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig9"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.009a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.009a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.009b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.009b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.009c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.009c.jpg"> <br> <strong>(c)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(d)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.009d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.009d.jpg"> <br> <strong>(d)</年代trong></d我v> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig9"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.009a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.009a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.009b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.009b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(c)"><img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.009c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.009c.jpg"><br><strong>(c)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(d)"><img alt="(d)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.009d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.009d.jpg"><br><strong>(d)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig9"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图9</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig9/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 几稳态滚动牵引场的结果,轧制方向是从左到右。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h5 id="subsec4.2">4.2。瞬态轧制</h5><p>gydF4y2Ba在本节中,过渡到现场轧制过程中牵引的行为进行了分析。这种行为是明显滞后的牵引力量滚动位移。再一次,我们限制了演讲的基本情况(pre -)与纵向滚动,横向,旋转漏电。应用位移轨迹具有逆转点,确定非局部磁滞曲线的记忆特征,讨论(<一个href=”#B1">1</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B26">26</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B27">27</一个>]。滚动轨迹被指定为<年代vg height="15.4375" id="M160" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:180.53751px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 180.53751 15.4375" width="180.53751" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.65)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.72,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.18,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.00672" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.148335" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-6.3,59.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,4.13,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.12911" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,26.99,59.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,37.42,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.12911" y="0"> ⋯</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.794889" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。所有情况下认为,最初的牵引字段是一个空字段自接触材料是相同的,从而导致Dundurs的常数<年代vg height="13.55" id="M161" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:36.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36.049999 13.55" width="36.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.440005" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.480394" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。</p><h6gydF4y2Baid="subsubsec4.2.1">4.2.1。准备纯粹的纵向蠕变</h6><p>gydF4y2Ba对于这种情况,我们选择<年代vg height="16.7875" id="M162" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:145.64999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 145.64999 16.7875" width="145.64999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.7875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.91,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.13,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.417639" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.66914" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.920639" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.172138" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.373386" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-5.71,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,2.6,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.568155" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.608543" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。滚动轨迹是<年代vg height="14.3875" id="M163" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:206.27499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 206.27499 14.3875" width="206.27499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.72,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.18,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.00672" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.148335" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.399834" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.525581" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.328415" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.457527" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.022079" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.273582" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.39933" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="113.21467" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="130.34378" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.59528" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="139.72102" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="145.97252" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。纵向蠕变仅产生牵引力<年代vg height="15.5375" id="M164" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:18.4px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.4 15.5375" width="18.4" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.41,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.8099999" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在轧制方向。图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (c)</一个>情节<年代vg height="15.5375" id="M165" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:18.4px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.4 15.5375" width="18.4" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.41,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.8099999" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>对<年代vg height="14.3875" id="M166" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:14.25px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.25 14.3875" width="14.25" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.72,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>由此产生的磁滞回线。数据<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig10/" target="_blank">10 ()</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (b)</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (c)</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (d)</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (e)</一个>显示牵引领域特点选定点在运动。从这些,我们也看到,所有牵引组件躺在轧制方向。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig10"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig10"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.010a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.010a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.010b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.010b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.010c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.010c.jpg"> <br> <strong>(c)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(d)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.010d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.010d.jpg"> <br> <strong>(d)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(e)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.010e" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.010e.jpg"> <br> <strong>(e)</年代trong></d我v> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig10"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.010a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.010a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.010b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.010b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(c)"><img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.010c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.010c.jpg"><br><strong>(c)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(d)"><img alt="(d)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.010d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.010d.jpg"><br><strong>(d)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(e)"><img alt="(e)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.010e" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.010e.jpg"><br><strong>(e)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig10"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图10</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig10/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 瞬态的结果与纵向蠕变(pre -)滚动。在中间,周围的磁滞,瞬态动力领域选定点的轨迹。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h6 id="subsubsec4.2.2">4.2.2。纯侧向蠕变</h6><p>gydF4y2Ba为了说明这种情况下,我们把<年代vg height="16.7875" id="M167" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:165.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 165.1875 16.7875" width="165.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.7875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.91,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.13,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.581139" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-25.5,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-17.19,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.405136" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.656635" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.908134" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.159637" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.461388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.989155" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.029541" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。滚动结合横向蠕变组件产生牵引场的<年代vg height="9.8625002" id="M168" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>方向,垂直于轧制方向。因此,磁滞回路图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig11/" target="_blank">(11日)</一个>描述这个牵引力<年代vg height="17.4375" id="M169" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:18.4px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.4 17.4375" width="18.4" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.41,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.8099999" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>与滚动位移(<年代vg height="14.3875" id="M170" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:419.28751px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 419.28751 14.3875" width="419.28751" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.72,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.18,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.00672" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.148335" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.399834" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.525581" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.328415" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.457527" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.709023" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.834778" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="104.65011" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="121.77922" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="128.03072" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="131.15646" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="142.9718" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="160.10092" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="168.66547" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="174.91698" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="178.04272" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="189.85805" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="206.98717" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="215.55173" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="221.80322" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.92897" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.74431" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="253.87341" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="262.43796" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="268.68948" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="271.81522" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="283.61804" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="300.75967" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="307.01117" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="310.1369" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="316.38843" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)。这轨迹被构造成向内磁滞回路,因此滞后的外地记忆特征。行为,否则,类似于纯粹的纵向蠕变。图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig11/" target="_blank">11 (b)</一个>描绘了稳态牵引领域。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig11"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig11"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.011a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.011a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.011b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.011b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong></d我v> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig11"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.011a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.011a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.011b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.011b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig11"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图11</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig11/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 瞬态的结果(pre -)与横向蠕变。左侧面板描述了磁滞曲线在右面板可视化稳态滚动牵引领域。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h6 id="subsubsec4.2.3">4.2.3。纯自旋</h6><p>gydF4y2Ba在这里,我们把<年代vg height="16.7875" id="M171" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:156.78751px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 156.78751 16.7875" width="156.78751" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.7875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.84,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.47,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30.16,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.568636" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.108906" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.149292" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.400791" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.526543" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.778046" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.029541" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.281044" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。与纯滚动旋转结果在牵引领域组件中<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M172" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="9.8625002" id="M173" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的方向。由此产生的牵引力<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M174" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>方向等于零。牵引应力场的结果在一个旋转的时刻<年代vg height="15.5875" id="M175" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:23.5875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.5875 15.5875" width="23.5875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.26,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.12" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。这一刻是绘制函数的滚动位移产生的磁滞曲线<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig12/" target="_blank">12 (c)</一个>。输入是<年代vg height="14.3875" id="M176" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:473.98749px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 473.98749 14.3875" width="473.98749" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.72,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.18,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.00672" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.148335" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.399834" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.525581" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.777084" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.579918" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.709023" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="95.960526" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.086273" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="105.33778" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="117.15311" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="134.28223" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="140.53372" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="143.65947" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="149.91096" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="161.7263" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="178.85541" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="187.41997" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="193.67146" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="196.79723" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="203.04872" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="214.86406" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="231.99316" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="240.55772" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="246.80922" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="249.93497" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="256.18646" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="268.0018" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="285.13092" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="293.69547" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="299.94696" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="303.07272" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="309.32422" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="321.12704" y="0"> →</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="338.26868" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="344.52017" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="347.6459" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="353.8974" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="360.14893" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。请注意,<我>维珍曲线,</我>相应的运动开始直到总值第一滑动,超过随后的磁滞曲线。的形状<我>维珍曲线</我>和超调量随假定的初始动力分布。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig12"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig12"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.012a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.012a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.012b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.012b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.012c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.012c.jpg"> <br> <strong>(c)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(d)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.012d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.012d.jpg"> <br> <strong>(d)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(e)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.012e" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.012e.jpg"> <br> <strong>(e)</年代trong></d我v> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig12"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.012a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.012a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.012b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.012b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(c)"><img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.012c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.012c.jpg"><br><strong>(c)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(d)"><img alt="(d)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.012d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.012d.jpg"><br><strong>(d)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(e)"><img alt="(e)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.012e" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.012e.jpg"><br><strong>(e)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig12"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图12</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig12/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 瞬态的结果(pre -)与旋转滚动。在中间,周围的滞后,一些瞬态动力字段选择的点的轨迹。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h5 id="subsec4.3">4.3。进化的稳态牵引蠕动的功能</h5><p>gydF4y2Ba从直观上看,假设牵引力(或在旋转的情况下)将增加与增加爬电直到到达总滑。在图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig13/" target="_blank">13</一个>,稳态滚动牵引力的发展被描述为一个函数的相对蠕变。与纯滚动纵向蠕变,越来越趋势观察如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig13/" target="_blank">(13日)</一个>。相同的进化是注意到与横向蠕变图滚动<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig13/" target="_blank">13 (b)</一个>。考虑与纯滚动旋转,旋转的时刻<年代vg height="15.5875" id="M177" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:23.5875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.5875 15.5875" width="23.5875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.26,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.12" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>增加对饱和值,而侧向力<年代vg height="17.4375" id="M178" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:18.4px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.4 17.4375" width="18.4" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.41,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.8099999" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>显示了一个局部最大值。这些趋势都是描绘在图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig13/" target="_blank">13 (c)</一个>。正如前面提到的,纵向力组件<年代vg height="15.5375" id="M179" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:18.4px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.4 15.5375" width="18.4" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.41,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.8099999" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>= 0对于这种情况。这些结果同意[获得的<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>]。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig13"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig13"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.013a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.013a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.013b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.013b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.013c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.013c.jpg"> <br> <strong>(c)</年代trong></d我v> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig13"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.013a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.013a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.013b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.013b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(c)"><img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.013c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.013c.jpg"><br><strong>(c)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig13"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图13</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig13/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 稳态牵引的发展作为漏电的函数。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h5 id="subsec4.4">4.4。参数分析</h5><p>gydF4y2Ba在前面的小节中,一般行为的稳态蠕变的牵引力在功能价值进行了探讨。在本节中,讨论了其他模型参数的影响。为简便起见,我们把治疗纯自旋漏电的情况。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba考虑的无量纲模型(<一个href=”#eq48">43</一个>)。由于模型参数减少正常化印迹的半径<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M180" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.1750002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和最大的正常压力<年代vg height="11.075" id="M181" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:13.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.8625 11.075" width="13.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,这些参数的模型方程,这(<一个href=”#eq3">2</一个>)成为<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq49"> <svg height="41.0625" id="M182" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 41.0625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,41.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-39.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.23,52.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.76" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7148314" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.32" y="-7.25"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.571499" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.07,64.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.14,59.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.39,64.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 149.55,55.57 39.92,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.01,43.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.94,48.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.75" y="9.2799997"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.67,47.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.27,65.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.42,52.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⟺</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.155556" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.83,57.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.38,52.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.52" y="-10.38"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.7715" y="-10.38"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,285.83,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.75" y="9.2799997"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 267.61,55.57 25.59,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,267.61,43.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.13,48.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,294.4,52.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="173.47" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="177.6335" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="183.88499" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="190.13651" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>换句话说,<年代vg height="11.525" id="M183" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.0375 11.525" width="18.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>如果增加<年代vg height="11.525" id="M184" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5625 11.525" width="18.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.27,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>增加或<年代vg height="11.775" id="M185" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:24.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.299999 11.775" width="24.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.775)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.58)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.68,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>减少。通过这种方式,<年代vg height="11.525" id="M186" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.0375 11.525" width="18.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>包含所有几何(或联合)、弹性和负载信息。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba研究的影响<年代vg height="11.525" id="M187" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.0375 11.525" width="18.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,该参数之间不同的合理的范围之内。对prerolling行为,确定其影响三个主要参数选择进行分析。</p><p><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(1)</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="list-content">prerolling距离<年代vg height="17.8125" id="M188" style="vertical-align:-5.03984pt;width:18.4625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.4625 17.8125" width="18.4625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.75)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,59.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(2)</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="list-content">初始刚度<年代vg height="16.262501" id="M189" style="vertical-align:-3.72934pt;width:14.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.9375 16.262501" width="14.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.99)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.17,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>滞后的系统,也就是说,最初的磁滞曲线的斜率,<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq50"> <svg height="37.75" id="M190" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 37.75" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,37.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-41.8)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.61,53.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.39,58.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.94,53.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-9.2700005"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.606529" y="-9.2700005"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.25,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.13" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 197.17,56.69 25.15,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.9,44.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.52,48.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.52,60.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="10.66"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="13.82"> |</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.02,43.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.38,45.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.15,43.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.02,53.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="222.85001" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="227.0135" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="233.265" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="239.51649" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(3)</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="list-content">稳态摩擦力矩<年代vg height="16.975" id="M191" style="vertical-align:-4.37273pt;width:33.162498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.162498 16.975" width="33.162498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.26,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.12" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.2472479" y="8.1300001"> ,</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.83,59.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。</年代p一个n></年代p一个n></span></p> <p>这些变量是无因次球的半径的函数图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig14/" target="_blank">14</一个>不同的自旋值漏电<年代vg height="13.425" id="M192" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:10.2px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.2 13.425" width="10.2" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>并在图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig15/" target="_blank">15</一个>不同摩擦系数的值<年代vg height="9.6750002" id="M193" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:9.6374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.6374998 9.6750002" width="9.6374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。可以通知(<一个href=”#eq49">44</一个>)的增加<年代vg height="11.525" id="M194" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.0375 11.525" width="18.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>对应于一个下降<年代vg height="11.775" id="M195" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:24.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.299999 11.775" width="24.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.775)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.58)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.68,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>为恒定值<年代vg height="16.987499" id="M196" style="vertical-align:-4.37755pt;width:18.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5625 16.987499" width="18.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.9875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.27,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.75" y="9.2799997"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。一定限制的适用性,<年代vg height="16.875" id="M197" style="vertical-align:-4.28976pt;width:26.9125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.9125 16.875" width="26.9125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,58.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8661122" y="0"> 米</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>应用,由于几何限制:<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M198" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.1750002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>不能比<年代vg height="10.9125" id="M199" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:23.85px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.85 10.9125" width="23.85" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.2522202" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.728054" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在不违反基本赫兹的假设。在图的绘制值<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig14/" target="_blank">14</一个>和<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig15/" target="_blank">15</一个>低于这个值<年代vg height="16.875" id="M200" style="vertical-align:-4.28976pt;width:26.9125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.9125 16.875" width="26.9125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,58.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8661122" y="0"> 米</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(标记的盒子”理论地区”)只是为了数学的完整性。</p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig14"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig14"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.014a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.014a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.014b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.014b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.014c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.014c.jpg"> <br> <strong>(c)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(d)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.014d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.014d.jpg"> <br> <strong>(d)</年代trong></d我v> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig14"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.014a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.014a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.014b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.014b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(c)"><img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.014c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.014c.jpg"><br><strong>(c)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(d)"><img alt="(d)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.014d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.014d.jpg"><br><strong>(d)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig14"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图14</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig14/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="9.6750002" id="M201" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.6374998 9.6750002" width="9.6374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> prerolling地区的行为在一个球的半径变化对不同自旋蠕变(=0。5)。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig15"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig15"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.015a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.015a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.015b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.015b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.015c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.015c.jpg"> <br> <strong>(c)</年代trong></d我v> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(d)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.015d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.015d.jpg"> <br> <strong>(d)</年代trong></d我v> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig15"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.015a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.015a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.015b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.015b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(c)"><img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.015c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.015c.jpg"><br><strong>(c)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(d)"><img alt="(d)”n一个米e=”214894。f我g.015d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.015d.jpg"><br><strong>(d)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig15"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图15</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig15/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="13.7375" id="M202" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 79.474998 13.7375" width="79.474998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6898251" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.853324" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.393593" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.433983" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.685482" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.811234" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.062733" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.314232" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> prerolling地区的行为在一个球的半径变化对不同的摩擦系数gydF4y2Ba。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>从数据<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig14/" target="_blank">(14日)</一个>和<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig15/" target="_blank">(15日)</一个>,一个可以看到prerolling距离为低和适度值保持不变<年代vg height="11.525" id="M203" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.0375 11.525" width="18.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(即。,forh我ghly loaded contacts), while for higher values (lightly loaded case), the prerolling distance decreases. Thus, the maximum possible value for the prerolling distance is twice the contact patch radius. The initial stiffness of the hysteresis at the beginning of the prerolling region is depicted in Figures<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig14/" target="_blank">14 (b)</一个>和<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig15/" target="_blank">15 (b)</一个>。低的值<年代vg height="11.525" id="M204" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.0375 11.525" width="18.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,刚度是恒定的;对于中值,最大刚度是观察,而对于更高的值<年代vg height="11.525" id="M205" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.0375 11.525" width="18.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,刚度降低<年代vg height="11.525" id="M206" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.0375 11.525" width="18.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。在完全弹性区域,我们从赫兹理论<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq51"> <svg height="18.674999" id="M207" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 18.674999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.65,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0"> ∼</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.943726" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.396473" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.648693" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.47,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.7234716" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.099472" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.98,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="226.89" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="231.0535" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="237.30499" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="243.5565" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>从山等。<一个href=”#B19">19</一个>),我们有<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq52"> <svg height="78.300003" id="M208" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 78.300003" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,78.3)"> <g transform="translate(72,-9.36)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.14,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 162.63,59.66 20.71,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.63,47.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.18" y="-17.059999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.452748" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.370001" y="-8.75"> ∼</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.410389" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.425293" y="-8.75"> ∼</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 223.3,59.66 9.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.3,47.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.45" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-53.66" y="20.08"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="244.57001" y="-8.8599997"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="248.73351" y="-8.8599997"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="254.985" y="-8.8599997"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="261.23651" y="-8.8599997"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 169.64,23.57 13.7,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.38,11.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.62" y="-8.7600002"> ∼</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.860001" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.312748" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 201.24,23.57 20.7,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.96,11.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.65" y="-8.7600002"> ∼</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.880001" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.12,32.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 239.84,23.57 11.16,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.79,11.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.4" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="227.08" y="-9.1899996"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="231.2435" y="-9.1899996"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="237.495" y="-9.1899996"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="243.74651" y="-9.1899996"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>自<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq54"> <svg height="34.849998" id="M210" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 34.849998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,34.85)"> <g transform="translate(72,-44.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.41,56.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.1,61.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.65,56.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.459999" y="-7.2600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 212.88,59.66 22.14,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.88,47.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219,44.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.87,47.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.15,50.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.22,56.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="231.64999" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.81349" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.065" y="0"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="248.3165" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>这将导致<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eq55"> <svg height="73.974998" id="M211" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 73.974998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,73.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-12.82)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,90.68,58.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.37,63.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,112.92,58.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∼</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.75" y="-8.3100004"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 126.15,61.26 9.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.15,49.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.92" y="-8.75"> ∼</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.18" y="-17.059999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 153.31,61.26 6.27,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.31,49.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4699998" y="-8.75"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.28" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 165.1,61.26 9.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.1,49.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.45" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-67.510002" y="25.459999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="302.76999" y="-8.1000004"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="306.9335" y="-8.1000004"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="313.185" y="-8.1000004"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="319.43649" y="-8.1000004"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.37,28.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,112.92,23.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.619034" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.23,36.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 126.15,27.04 25.16,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,129.88,15.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.5,18.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.98,23.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∼</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.27" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 169.21,27.04 14.33,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.21,15.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.46,20.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.78,23.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.08" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.863667" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.591001" y="0"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.142332" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 227.84,27.04 6.27,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.84,15.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.94" y="-8.7600002"> ∼</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.980389" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.05,28.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,262.12,23.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.540001" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 282.66,27.04 9.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.15,15.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.43" y="-8.7600002"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.457886" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,317.87,28.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,322.95,23.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="144.92" y="0.46000001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="149.0835" y="0.46000001"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="155.33499" y="0.46000001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="161.5865" y="0.46000001"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>稳态数据描述了牵引的时刻<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig14/" target="_blank">14 (c)</一个>和<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig15/" target="_blank">15 (c)</一个>。后一个常数为低价值的行为<年代vg height="11.525" id="M213" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.0375 11.525" width="18.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,大幅减少注意到最后一个quasizero价值很高的价值<年代vg height="11.525" id="M214" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.0375 11.525" width="18.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。得到一个滚动摩擦系数的值<年代vg height="11.8625" id="M215" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:14.925px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.925 11.8625" width="14.925" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.19,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,这种稳态的时刻是除以无因次正常负载<年代vg height="11.775" id="M216" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:24.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.299999 11.775" width="24.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.775)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.58)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.68,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。这些结果中描述数据<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig14/" target="_blank">14 (d)</一个>和<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig15/" target="_blank">15 (d)</一个>。我们注意到一个陡峭的增加在该地区的适度值<年代vg height="11.525" id="M217" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.0375 11.525" width="18.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>高饱和对一个恒定的值<年代vg height="11.525" id="M218" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:18.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.0375 11.525" width="18.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.78)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>以类似的行为,其结果比“Amontons法律”(<一个href=”#B28">28</一个>为滑动摩擦)。</p><h4gydF4y2Baid="discussion-and-conclusions">5。讨论和结论</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba在上述理论是发展的动力行为的过渡时期,滚动。以下言论。首先,尽管基于简化“温克勒床上用品”,它所示<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>这种近似,用适当的刚度参数的选择<年代vg height="10.325" id="M219" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1875 10.325" width="11.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,收益的解决方案非常接近给出的精确理论。优势是透明和简单的应用这一理论。其次,尽管只有点接触已经治疗的情况下,这一理论可以直接扩展到一般情况下椭圆和线接触。第三,例变量(如压力依赖)当地摩擦系数的印迹,变量(例如,时间和位置依赖)蠕变,变正常负载和可变滚动速度都可以直接被这一理论。,动态接触现象,如获得运动逆转期间,加速,减速,振荡,等等,可以通过对这一理论。其他情况下不立即覆盖这一理论将随后讨论。</p><p><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="statement" id="head1"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">粗糙的联系人</我></年代p一个n><br>更换光滑接触的一个粗略的通常要求一个更高的计算工作,通常抵押贷款发展的一个简化版本适合实时执行。机械舞等。<一个href=”#B29">29日</一个>),例如,轮廓,在粗糙接触的情况下,应力和变形只能使用特殊的边界元计算方法,而瞬态三维滚动接触由粗糙表面目前是不可能的。然而,这种“激怒”模型提供的优势是它可以直接扩展到粗糙的接触。面临的挑战是一个实际的粗糙表面转化为一个等价的猪鬃。另外,最近的数值方法计算粗糙表面接触提供了一个负担得起的解决方案通过使用专用接触动力学(<一个href=”#B30">30.</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href=”#B31">31日</一个>]。</年代p一个n></p><p><span class="statement" id="head2"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">磨损和Heathcote滑</我></年代p一个n><br>表面的磨损和磨合的影响显然是非常重要的在许多应用程序中。在以前的算法,蠕变是印迹保持不变。考虑穿,需要一个变量蠕变就变得很重要。平面的球体滚动时,穿着,槽的发展中,这两个机构之间的联系,是保形。这种情况类似于一个球槽,例如,一个深沟球轴承,联系人是正形。在这种情况下,牵引领域为纯滚动,即零相对漏电保形槽运动,是由Heathcote描述(<一个href=”#B32">32</一个>)和定性描述图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig16/" target="_blank">16</一个>。接触面积不再是平面。当自由滚动,没有净切向力,这解释了接触点是分为三个地区:中央区域包含积极滑向量,在外部区域时,滑移是负的。</年代p一个n></p><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig16"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig16"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="214894.fig.016" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/at/volume-2008/214894/figures/214894.fig.016.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图16</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894/fig16/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 纯滚动的牵引分布:Heathcote滑。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>为了能够处理这个问题使用本文提出的算法,迄今为止常数蠕变在整个接触补丁应该替换为一个变量蠕变。后者可以获得从接触的几何和运动学考虑积极和消极之间的边界线爬电字段是唯一未知。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba总之,本文认为的滞回行为prerolling之间的摩擦一个球和一个平面。扩展现有总值稳态轧制模型,由于j . j .石灰<gydF4y2Bab></b>瞬态prerolling模型,牵引场的演变在滚动位移和磁滞曲线生成决定。牵引领域及其行为的滚动与蠕变和自旋系统地调查。最后,一个参数研究进行深入理解这一现象。在即将发表的论文中,一个实验进行验证模型的滚动和旋转漏电的情况下,使用两个v型槽轨道组成的一个配置2球。</p><h4cl一个年代年代=”header" id="notes">笔记</h4><p我d=”fn1”><sup>1</年代up>本文作者奉献的记忆教授j。j石灰(1933 - 2006)。</p><h4gydF4y2Baid="appendix">附录</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba考虑到p.d.e。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eqA.1"> <svg height="33.424999" id="M220" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 33.424999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,33.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-45.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.86,56.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.24" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.616529" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 157.62,59.47 13.27,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.62,47.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.24" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.93" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.319035" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 187.4,59.47 12.62,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.4,47.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.280001" y="-8.7600002"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.320389" y="-8.7600002"> ℱ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.810646" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.974144" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.850796" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.052044" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.253532" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.467285" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.193657" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.357155" y="-8.7600002"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="274.63" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="278.79349" y="-8.7600002"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="287.77066" y="-8.7600002"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="290.89639" y="-8.7600002"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="297.14789" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>方程<一个href=”#eqA.1">. 1</一个>对应于Lagrangrian系统[<一个href=”#B33">33</一个>]:<gydF4y2Ba年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eqA.2"> <svg height="34.737499" id="M221" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 34.737499" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,34.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-44.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,135.81,62.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 135.17,58.42 14.81,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,135.17,46.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.48" y="-8.7600002"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.709999" y="-17.059999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.361595" y="-17.059999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 167.88,58.42 12.86,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.18,46.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.23" y="-8.7600002"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.459999" y="-17.059999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.111595" y="-17.059999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 198.64,58.42 12.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.95,46.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.24" y="-8.7600002"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.700001" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.351597" y="-16.01"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 229.42,58.42 49.04,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.42,46.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℱ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.490257" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.653756" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.530407" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.731653" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.933144" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.146893" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.873268" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.240002" y="-8.7600002"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.61" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.7735" y="-8.7600002"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="245.75066" y="-8.7600002"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="248.8764" y="-8.7600002"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="255.1279" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>系统的积分<一个href=”#eqA.2">a .</一个>是<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eqA.3"> <svg height="76.900002" id="M222" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 76.900002" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,76.9)"> <g transform="translate(72,-10.48)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.17,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.194744" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.22263" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.274323" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.3" y="24.459999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.964819" y="24.459999"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.005207" y="24.459999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.98188" y="24.459999"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-19.92" y="48.919998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-11.217912" y="48.919998"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0.122309" y="48.919998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7871284" y="48.919998"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.950627" y="48.919998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.827276" y="48.919998"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.041027" y="48.919998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.242516" y="48.919998"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.443764" y="48.919998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.170139" y="48.919998"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.809471" y="48.919998"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.849861" y="48.919998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.201385" y="48.919998"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="279.85999" y="25.09"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="284.0235" y="25.09"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="293.00064" y="25.09"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="296.1264" y="25.09"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="302.3779" y="25.09"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="13.4875" id="M223" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:43.837502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 43.837502 13.4875" width="43.837502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.0391889" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.340941" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.317616" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.606865" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>任意常数,<年代vg height="11.1" id="M224" style="vertical-align:-0.1881pt;width:12.2px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.2 11.1" width="12.2" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是由<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eqA.4"> <svg height="155.7625" id="M225" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 155.7625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,155.7625)"> <g transform="translate(72,52.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,113.59,54.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.73" y="7.6999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.689999" y="37.34"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.73" y="45.029999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.689999" y="74.669998"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.73" y="82.370003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.828318" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.704967" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.906216" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.107704" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.321453" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.047829" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.68716" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.809998" y="0"> ℱ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.300255" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.463753" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.340408" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.554153" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="105.75565" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="110.95689" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="116.68327" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="120.84676" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="127.49836" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.809998" y="37.34"> ℱ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.300255" y="37.34"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.463753" y="37.34"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="97.291115" y="37.34"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.63133" y="37.34"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.35771" y="37.34"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="119.57146" y="37.34"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.54813" y="37.34"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="131.76189" y="37.34"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="137.48827" y="37.34"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="141.65176" y="37.34"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="148.30336" y="37.34"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.010002" y="66.32"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.661598" y="66.32"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 186.6,-16.91 13.3,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.81,-28.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.29" y="-8.75"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.453499" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.492687" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.706438" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.683113" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.896866" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.623238" y="-8.75"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.786736" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.438332" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-22.530001" y="20.030001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-10.502114" y="20.030001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-4.3506379" y="20.030001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-0.187139" y="20.030001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.864553" y="20.030001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.078304" y="20.030001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.054977" y="20.030001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.268728" y="20.030001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.995104" y="20.030001"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.634438" y="20.030001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.662323" y="20.030001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.813797" y="20.030001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.977299" y="20.030001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.642113" y="20.030001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.982338" y="20.030001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.70871" y="20.030001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="91.909958" y="20.030001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.11145" y="20.030001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="103.3252" y="20.030001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="109.05157" y="20.030001"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="113.21507" y="20.030001"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="275.22" y="-35.349998"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="279.38348" y="-35.349998"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="288.36066" y="-35.349998"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="291.48639" y="-35.349998"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="297.73792" y="-35.349998"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>注意,最后一个集成步骤进行假设函数<年代vg height="13.6125" id="M226" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:87.425003px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 87.425003 13.6125" width="87.425003" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℱ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.490257" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.653756" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.481113" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.821335" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.54771" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.761459" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.738132" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.939381" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.665756" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>拥有一个不定积分<年代vg height="9.9375" id="M227" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.4375 9.9375" width="8.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。如果总是如此<年代vg height="10.75" id="M228" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.4875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.4875 10.75" width="14.4875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℱ</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>可以表示为一个多项式在吗<年代vg height="9.875" id="M229" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.9124999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9124999 9.875" width="7.9124999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba的通解<一个href=”#eqA.1">. 1</一个>然后[<一个href=”#B33">33</一个>]<gydF4y2Ba年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eqA.5"> <svg height="15.75" id="M230" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 15.75" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.19,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℱ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.490257" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.653756" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.692945" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.906696" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.883369" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.097122" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.448647" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.075474" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.115868" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="289.84" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="294.00351" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="302.98065" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="306.10641" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="312.35791" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>或<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eqA.6"> <svg height="28.9625" id="M231" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 28.9625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,28.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,127.4,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℱ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.49" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="129.46001" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.85" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.502316" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.842537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.568913" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.782661" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.98415" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.197903" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.899986" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.240211" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="91.905029" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="96.068527" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.94518" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.15893" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.36042" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="119.56167" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="125.28804" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="140.53999" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.56789" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="158.81938" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="334.63" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="338.79349" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="347.77066" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="350.89639" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="357.14789" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="10.75" id="M232" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.4875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.4875 10.75" width="14.4875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℱ</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是一个任意的函数。假设(<一个href=”#eqA.6">要求寄出</一个>承认一个明确的解决方案<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M233" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:7.5374999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.5374999 7.1624999" width="7.5374999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,该解决方案将表单<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eqA.7"> <svg height="15.75" id="M234" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 15.75" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,138.72,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.402256" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.430141" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.094961" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.258461" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.135109" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.348862" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.55035" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.764099" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.490471" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.429642" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.769859" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.709023" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.87252" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="103.52484" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.87756" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="120.60394" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="125.80518" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="132.00667" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.17017" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="323.31" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="327.47351" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="336.45065" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="339.57642" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="345.82791" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="13.4875" id="M235" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:10.675px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.675 13.4875" width="10.675" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是一个任意的函数。作为一个例子,考虑<年代vg height="14.7625" id="M236" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:153.3875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 153.3875 14.7625" width="153.3875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.19)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℱ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.490257" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.653756" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.530407" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.731653" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.933144" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.146893" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.873268" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.5126" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.540489" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.105042" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,7.21,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,15.3,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.392153" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.593641" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.069475" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>假设<年代vg height="14.575" id="M237" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:14.3125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.3125 14.575" width="14.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.34)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.91,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="13.425" id="M238" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:10.2px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.2 13.425" width="10.2" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是常数,然后<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”equation" id="eqA.8"> <svg height="33.037498" id="M239" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 33.037498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,33.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-45.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.83,55.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.220001" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.9264221" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.089921" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.966572" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.180323" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.381809" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.583057" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.309433" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.948765" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.989155" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.360001" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.700218" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.57,52.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.66,55.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604435" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 218.2,58.42 14.27,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.2,46.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.47" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.85" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.177719" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.116882" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.28038" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.945202" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.285423" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.011795" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.213043" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.414536" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.578033" y="-8.7600002"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="239.83" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="243.9935" y="-8.7600002"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="252.97066" y="-8.7600002"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="256.09641" y="-8.7600002"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="262.3479" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <h4 id=""></h4> <span class="GlossGroup-title"><i class="GlossGroup-title">命名法</我></年代p一个n><t一个ble class="gloss-abbr" style="font-size:12px"> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="7.1750002" id="M240" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.1750002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">足迹半径</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="10.55" id="M241" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.325px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.325 10.55" width="11.325" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.56)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">印迹</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="7.7375002" id="M242" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:7.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.0625 7.7375002" width="7.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-65.81)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">蠕变</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="11.225" id="M243" style="vertical-align:-0.23827pt;width:11.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.4125 11.225" width="11.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">相对蠕变</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="14.35" id="M244" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:18.2125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.2125 14.35" width="18.2125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">赫兹弹性模量</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="10.325" id="M245" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:12.05px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.05 10.325" width="12.05" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">牵引力</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="9.9375" id="M246" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.4375 9.9375" width="8.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">牵引绑定</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="10.75" id="M247" style="vertical-align:-0.15048pt;width:11.9125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.9125 10.75" width="11.9125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">刚性模量</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="13.45" id="M248" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:40.974998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 40.974998 13.45" width="40.974998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.915119" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.078618" y="0"> ⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.654476" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.281305" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">亥维赛阶跃函数</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="14.5875" id="M249" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:12.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.625 14.5875" width="12.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.17,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">初始刚度</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="10.325" id="M250" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1875 10.325" width="11.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">灵活性</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="14.3875" id="M251" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:21.9125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.9125 14.3875" width="21.9125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.38,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">自旋的时刻</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="9.875" id="M252" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.7624998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.7624998 9.875" width="7.7624998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">压力</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="9.875" id="M253" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.9124999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9124999 9.875" width="7.9124999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">遍历滚动距离</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="7.0124998" id="M254" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:6.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 6.5 7.0124998" width="6.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">到中心的距离</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="10.325" id="M255" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6875 10.325" width="11.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">接触半径</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="14.35" id="M256" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:18.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.625 14.35" width="18.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">等效半径的联系</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="7.7375002" id="M257" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:6.1999998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 6.1999998 7.7375002" width="6.1999998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-65.81)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">滑</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="11.2375" id="M258" style="vertical-align:-0.23827pt;width:8.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8125 11.2375" width="8.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">相对滑动</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="9.125" id="M259" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:5.0124998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">时间</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="9.4875002" id="M260" style="vertical-align:-1.76814pt;width:21.950001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.950001 9.4875002" width="21.950001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.9264221" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.12767" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">粒子位移</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="10.575" id="M261" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:12.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.625 10.575" width="12.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">轧制速度</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="10.575" id="M262" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:17.9625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.9625 10.575" width="17.9625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">正常负载</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="7.1624999" id="M263" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">位移</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="13.3" id="M264" style="vertical-align:-5.03984pt;width:18.4625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.4625 13.3" width="18.4625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.3)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.36)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">Prerolling距离</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="13.425" id="M265" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">Dundurs的常数</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="10.7375" id="M266" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9875002 10.7375" width="7.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">正常的弹性变形</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="14.575" id="M267" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:23.612499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.612499 14.575" width="23.612499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.34)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2765059" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.47,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">维纵向蠕变</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="16.475" id="M268" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:23.025px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.025 16.475" width="23.025" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.82)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2765059" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.47,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">维侧向蠕变</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="10.8125" id="M269" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:8.5749998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.5749998 10.8125" width="8.5749998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">滚动摩擦系数</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="9.6750002" id="M270" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:9.6374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.6374998 9.6750002" width="9.6374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">摩擦系数</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="7.2375002" id="M271" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.2375002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">泊松系数</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="14.575" id="M272" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:14.3125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.3125 14.575" width="14.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.34)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.91,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">无量纲纵向蠕变</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="16.475" id="M273" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:13.725px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.725 16.475" width="13.725" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.82)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.91,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">无量纲横向蠕变</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="16.112499" id="M274" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:10.2px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.2 16.112499" width="10.2" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.1125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.04,64.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ̇</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-6.9099998" y="2.72"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">维旋转漏电</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="13.425" id="M275" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:10.2px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.2 13.425" width="10.2" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">无量纲旋转漏电</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="9.875" id="M276" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:11.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.8625 9.875" width="11.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">角侧向蠕变</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="7.1875" id="M277" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:10.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</td><td一个l我gn="left">角纵向蠕变</td></tr></tbody> </table> <h4 id="acknowledgements">确认</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba这项研究是由科学研究基金,弗兰德斯(F.W.O.),在批准号FWO4283。科学的责任由作者承担。</p></d我v> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="references" id="references">引用</h4><ol><l我我d="B1">f . 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Sackfield<我>弹性接触力学</我>Butterworth-Heinemann,牛津大学,英国,1993年。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks"></span></li> <li id="B20">k·l·约翰逊,<我>接触力学</我>英国剑桥,剑桥大学出版社,1985年。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks"></span></li> <li id="B21">l·e·古德曼,”接触应力的分析通常加载粗糙的球体,“<我>应用力学学报</我>卷,29号3、515 - 522年,1962页。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks">视图:<一个href=”http年代://年代cholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Contact%20stress%20analysis%20of%20normally%20loaded%20rough%20spheres&author=L. E. Goodman&publication_year=1962" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B22">j . Dundurs和m . s . Lee,”在锐边接触应力集中问题,“<我>杂志的弹性</我>,卷2,不。2、109 - 112年,1972页。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks">视图:<一个href=”http年代://doi.org/10.1007/BF00046059">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Stress%20concentration%20at%20a%20sharp%20edge%20in%20contact%20problems&author=J. Dundurs &author=M. S. Lee&publication_year=1972" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B23">d·a·斯宾塞,“有限的摩擦,赫兹接触的问题”<我>杂志的弹性</我>,5卷,不。3 - 4、297 - 319年,1975页。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks">视图:<一个href=”http年代://doi.org/10.1007/BF00126993">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=The%20hertz%20contact%20problem%20with%20finite%20friction&author=D. A. Spence&publication_year=1975" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B24">e .白金汉”身体类似系统;插图的使用维方程。”<我>物理评论</我>,4卷,不。4、345 - 376年,1914页。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks">视图:<一个href=”http年代://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.4.345">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=On%20physically%20similar%20systems;%20illustrations%20of%20the%20use%20of%20dimensional%20equations&author=E. Buckingham&publication_year=1914" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B25">m·d·赫西<我>在润滑理论和研究:基础为未来的发展</我>约翰·威利& Sons,纽约,纽约,美国,1966年。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks"></span></li> <li id="B26">w·Symens<我>机械电子系统的运动和振动控制变量配置和当地的非线性</我>博士论文,Katholieke项目鲁汶分工生产工程,机械设计及自动化,鲁汶,比利时,2004年。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks"></span></li> <li id="B27">Mayergoyz,<我>数学模型的滞后</我>施普林格,纽约,纽约,美国,1991年。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks"></span></li> <li id="B28">g . Amontons“抵抗源于机器,”<我>法国皇家科学院学报》上</我>,第222 - 206页,1699年。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks">视图:<一个href=”http年代://年代cholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=On%20the%20resistance%20originating%20in%20machines&author=G. Amontons" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B29">、m·f·布赫人工智能Dmitriev Ertz et al .,“干摩擦的多尺度模拟轮轨接触,”<我>穿</我>,卷261,不。7 - 8,874 - 884年,2006页。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks">视图:<一个href=”http年代://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2006.01.046">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Multiscale%20simulation%20of%20dry%20friction%20in%20wheel/rail%20contact&author=F. Bucher&author=A. I. Dmitriev&author=M. Ertz et al.&publication_year=2006" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B30">中情局•l·m·科尔,“快速解决粗糙接触问题的方法:比较研究,“<我>摩擦学学报</我>,卷122,不。1,36-41,2000页。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks">视图:<一个href=”http年代://doi.org/10.1115/1.555326">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Fast%20methods%20for%20solving%20rough%20contact%20problems:%20a%20comparative%20study&author=I. A. Polonsky &author=L. M. Keer&publication_year=2000" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B31">中情局•l·m·科尔,“解决粗糙接触问题的数值方法基于多层次multi-summation和共轭梯度技术,”<我>穿</我>,卷231,不。2、206 - 219年,1999页。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks">视图:<一个href=”http年代://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(99)00113-1">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20numerical%20method%20for%20solving%20rough%20contact%20problems%20based%20on%20the%20multi-level%20multi-summation%20and%20conjugate%20gradient%20techniques&author=I. A. Polonsky &author=L. M. Keer&publication_year=1999" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B32">h·l·希思科特“球轴承:制造,测试和服务,“<我>美国汽车工程师学会学报》上</我>15卷,第702 - 569页,1921年。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks">视图:<一个href=”http年代://年代cholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=The%20ball%20bearing:%20in%20the%20making,%20under%20test%20and%20on%20service&author=H. L. Heathcote&publication_year=1921" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B33">a·r·福赛斯<我>微分方程理论,第四部分:偏微分方程</我>,5卷,大学出版社,剑桥,英国,1906年。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks"></span></li> </ol> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="copyright" id="copyright">版权</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba版权©2008法Al-Bender和克里斯·德·Moerlooze。这是一个开放的分布式下文章<一个rel=”l我cen年代e”href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">知识共享归属许可</一个>,它允许无限制的使用、分配和复制在任何媒介,提供最初的工作是正确引用。</p></d我v> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 eyHfWh journal_article__BiblioIntegratorWidget-sc-12fk6zy-5 dbAANp article_widget biblioWrapper hide"> <hr> <h4 class="biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 kgAKHb hrTitleRef">更多相关文章</h4><d我v id="biblio_widget" class="biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 bmtApD"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__RightWrapper-sc-1bf4078-2 jzTMLK rightWrapper" id="rightSectionMenu"> <div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyTopToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-0 gbrQxi 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height="24"><span class="text">下载引用</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dIjoCg sc-kcDeIU cpLlMu ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/at/2008/214894.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" 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height="24"><span class="text">引用</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-1 isgRZA article_sticky_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cHSUfg kdoIIa article_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cTjmhe begQDP accordion" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__dofNav"> <span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-eAKXzc bESoPs" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-gbOuXE SDMqt">下载其他格式</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="sc-dRFtgE jooXYL">更多的</年代p一个n></年代p一个n> <span class="sc-htoDjs bMdQcY sc-bfYoXt VdeWO icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="11"></span> </div> <div class="sc-cugefK dCMfhd"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fnwBNb kfscSt open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/at/2008/214894.xml" aria-label="XML" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-iNhVCk brvugV"> XML</d我v><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-eAKXzc bESoPs" title="" role="presentation" 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height="24"></a> </div> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-hUfwpO jyXjfZ" href="//www.newsama.com/reprints/214894/confirm" aria-label="Order Printed Copies" target="_blank" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__opcNav"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-eAKXzc bESoPs" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-gbOuXE SDMqt">订单打印副本</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="sc-dRFtgE jooXYL">订单</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-bfYoXt VdeWO right__icon icon-colored _32KP5uexH-Bgs7Kj8Gk1Tz icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-cqpYsc krPIEq"> <div class="sc-hBbWxd hdkxPJ"> <div> 的观点<年代p一个n>1409年年</年代p一个n></d我v> <div> 下载<年代p一个n>926年年</年代p一个n></d我v> </div> <div> <div class="sc-dyGzUR cmbuIE"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1155/2008/214894" data-style="small_circle"></span>引用</d我v> </div> </div> <nav class="sc-bRBYWo fXBKFa sc-gkFcWv gXvjfo" id="toolbar__iconNav"> <h3 class="sc-Rmtcm hNPrIr">分享文章</h3><ulcl一个年代年代=”年代c-hzDkRC bnbfTS"> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/214894&via=Hindawi" aria-label="Sharing on Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialTwitter" title="" 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