基于截止时间的边缘云协同场景任务调度策略</t型型itle> <link href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/sp/volume-2020/3967847/3967847-style.css" rel="stylesheet" class="next-head"> <link href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/YHppbeL4xsGbCO4XiiN-m/static/lib/basictable.css" rel="stylesheet" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/YHppbeL4xsGbCO4XiiN-m/static/lib/owl.carousel.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/YHppbeL4xsGbCO4XiiN-m/static/lib/owl.theme.default.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.bibblio.org/rcm/4.9/bib-related-content.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.bibblio.org/rcm/4.9/bib-related-content.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" 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<p>在这一页上</p> <span class="sc-fQejPQ fTFtno grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fZwumE cLQMJq" href="#abstract" aria-label="">摘要</一个></span> <span class="sc-fQejPQ fTFtno grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fZwumE cLQMJq" href="#introduction" aria-label="">介绍</一个></span> <span class="sc-fQejPQ fTFtno grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fZwumE cLQMJq" href="#evaluation" aria-label="">评估</一个></span> <span class="sc-fQejPQ fTFtno grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fZwumE cLQMJq" href="#conclusion-and-future-work" aria-label="">结论</一个></span> <span class="sc-fQejPQ fTFtno grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fZwumE cLQMJq" href="#data-availability" aria-label="">数据可用性</一个></span> <span class="sc-fQejPQ fTFtno grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fZwumE cLQMJq" href="#conflicts-of-interest" aria-label="">利益冲突</一个></span> <span class="sc-fQejPQ fTFtno grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fZwumE cLQMJq" href="#acknowledgments" aria-label="">致谢</一个></span> <span class="sc-fQejPQ fTFtno grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fZwumE cLQMJq" href="#references" aria-label="">工具书类</一个></span> <span class="sc-fQejPQ fTFtno grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fZwumE cLQMJq" href="#copyright" aria-label="">版权</一个></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ContentWrapper-sc-1bf4078-3 bbzREB contentWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__Content-sc-1bf4078-4 jknsZc content"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-0 eSvjPB article_contents"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 jntdRu article_contents__sections_wrapper"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 hAzjHP"> <div class="sc-cqCuEk dDomlX article_header_class"> <div class="sc-dliRfk HhtZN"> <span class="sc-kLIISr dybYoM">特殊的问题</span> <h2 class="sc-qrIAp kXQHAo">科学规划中的大数据管理与分析</h2> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-iqzUVk gFkWAn" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/si/238269/" aria-label="">查看本特刊</一个> <hr class="sc-ebFjAB jhQWaL"> </div> <p class="sc-ipZHIp hDKZCZ article_type">研究文章|开放存取</p> <div class="sc-iGrrsa eZlme article_citation"> 音量 2020年 <span class="sc-dEoRIm gusDuS">|</span>文章编号 3967847 <span class="sc-dEoRIm gusDuS">|</span> 9 页 <span class="sc-dEoRIm gusDuS">|</span> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtggT iUDBGe" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3967847" aria-label="Doi-link">https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3967847</一个> </div> <h1 class="sc-jAaTju cxkaTM sc-bmyXtO gXrQDK article_title">基于截止时间的边缘云协同场景任务调度策略</h1> </div> <div class="sc-jeCdPy bpzNtR article_authors"> <hr class="sc-likbZx PHYWq hr__author"> <span class="">Shudong王<一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4360-6718" aria-label="Redirect to Doi" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje cPuqxU sc-bGbJRg flqdYJ" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIGlkPSJMYXllcl8xIiBkYXRhLW5hbWU9IkxheWVyIDEiIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAyOTkuNSAyNTkuNSI+PGRlZnM+PHN0eWxlPi5jbHMtMXtmaWxsOiNhNmNlMzk7fS5jbHMtMntmaWxsOiNmZmY7fS5jbHMtM3tmaWxsOm5vbmU7fTwvc3R5bGU+PC9kZWZzPjx0aXRsZT5vcmNoaWQ8L3RpdGxlPjxwYXRoIGNsYXNzPSJjbHMtMSIgZD0iTTI4Ny41LDEyOS41YTEyOCwxMjgsMCwxLDEtMTI4LTEyOEExMjgsMTI4LDAsMCwxLDI4Ny41LDEyOS41WiIvPjxwYXRoIGNsYXNzPSJjbHMtMiIgZD0iTTExNy44LDE4Ny43SDEwMi40VjgwLjZoMTUuNFYxODcuN1oiLz48cGF0aCBjbGFzcz0iY2xzLTIiIGQ9Ik0xNDAuNCw4MC42SDE4MmMzOS42LDAsNTcsMjguMyw1Nyw1My42LDAsMjcuNS0yMS41LDUzLjYtNTYuOCw1My42SDE0MC40Wm0xNS40LDkzLjNoMjQuNWMzNC45LDAsNDIuOS0yNi41LDQyLjktMzkuNywwLTIxLjUtMTMuNy0zOS43LTQzLjctMzkuN0gxNTUuOHY3OS40WiIvPjxwYXRoIGNsYXNzPSJjbHMtMiIgZD0iTTEyMC4yLDU4LjNhMTAuMSwxMC4xLDAsMSwxLTEwLjEtMTAuMUExMC4xNCwxMC4xNCwwLDAsMSwxMjAuMiw1OC4zWiIvPjxyZWN0IGNsYXNzPSJjbHMtMyIgd2lkdGg9IjI5OS41IiBoZWlnaHQ9IjI1OS41Ii8+PC9zdmc+" height="16"></a>，<sup>1</sup></span> <span class="">延庆李<一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-7759" aria-label="Redirect to Doi" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje cPuqxU sc-bGbJRg flqdYJ" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="16"></a>，<sup>1</sup></span> <span class=""><b>Shanchen庞</b><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail to Author Option"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje cPuqxU sc-jtRlXQ jIaDFG" title="" role="presentation" 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src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="16"></a>，<sup>1</sup></span> <span class="">清华路，<sup>2</sup></span> <span class="">王淑玉，<sup>1</sup> 和</span> <span class="">赵建利<sup>3</sup></span> <div class="sc-ePZHVD eecoTM isHide"> <p><sup>1</sup><span>中国石油大学计算机科学与技术学院，青岛266000</span></p> <p><sup>2</sup><span>Data61，Eveleigh，澳大利亚新南威尔士州</span></p> <p><sup>3</sup><span>山东科技大学计算机科学与工程学院，青岛266000，中国</span></p> </div> <button class="sc-kEYyzF gRIXYh sc-bEjcJn cFrLKZ" color="">显示更多</button> </div> <div class="articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 evMkvU"> <div class="articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 fYrLtk"> <b>学术编辑：</b>张景辉</div> <div class="articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 fjviok"> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">收到</span> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2019年10月24日</span> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">公认</span> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2019年12月27日</span> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC isPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">出版</span> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2020年3月18日</span> </div> </div> </div> <article class="sc-kZmsYB kefHgx article_body "> <div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">摘要</h4> <p>任务调度对边缘云协作的性能起着至关重要的作用。任务是否在云中执行以及如何在云中调度是一个重要的问题。本文在满足延迟的基础上，将任务调度到边缘设备或云上，提出了一种基于灾变遗传算法（CGA）的任务调度算法，以实现全局最优。该算法将总任务完成时间和惩罚因子量化为适应度函数。通过改进轮盘选择策略，优化变异和交叉算子，引入灾变策略，扩大了搜索范围。同时，有效地缓解了进化算法的早熟问题。实验结果表明，该算法能够在满足任务延迟的基础上，在显著缩短任务完成时间的同时，解决最优局部问题。</p> <span class="end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction">1.介绍</h4> <p>随着边缘计算的兴起，云计算的融合和边缘计算已经成为一大焦点[<一个href="#B1">1</一个>-<一个href="#B3">3</一个>]. 特别是在我们大踏步迈向物联网数字化时代的今天，边缘云协作已经成为CDN、工业互联网、能源、智能交通、安全监控等众多场景中的重要应用。云计算和边缘计算需要紧密合作，更好地匹配各种需求场景，从而最大限度地发挥边缘计算和云计算协作的价值。以物联网场景为例。物联网中的设备会产生大量的数据，并将数据上传到云上进行处理，这将给云带来巨大的压力。为了分担中心云节点的压力，边缘计算节点可以在自己的范围内负责数据计算和存储[<一个href="#B4">4</一个>-<一个href="#B6">6</一个>]. 云计算在全局性、非实时性、长周期的大数据处理和分析方面具有优势，可以在长期维护、业务决策支持等方面发挥优势，边缘计算更适合于本地、实时、短周期的数据处理和分析。边缘计算可以更好地支持本地业务的实时智能决策和执行。有一些高实时性能的应用，如工业系统检测应用、控制应用、执行应用和新兴的VR/AR应用。有些场景要求实时性能在10 ms以内，甚至更低[<一个href="#B7">7</一个>，<一个href="#B8">8</一个>]. 如果数据分析和处理都是在云中实现的，有时很难满足服务的实时性要求。它严重影响最终客户的业务体验。但是，通常更多的研究通常考虑卸货过程，忽略卸货后的任务分配。</p> <p>任务可以根据能量消耗和时间延迟安排到边缘或远云。对于需要在云中心进行处理的问题，如何进行合理的调度以达到目标是一个值得研究的问题。</p> <p>云中心的任务调度方法可分为启发式算法（如RR和SJF）、元启发式算法（基于生物激励和群智能）和混合任务调度算法[<一个href="#B9">9</一个>]. 在调度过程中，使用各种基于性能的性能指标，如系统利用率、执行时间、负载平衡、网络通信成本、延迟等[<一个href="#B10">10个</一个>]。启发式任务调度算法，可以轻松地安排任务，并提供最佳的解决方案。然而，这并不能保证最好的结果，很容易陷入局部选择。的元启发式算法是一种基于启发式算法的改进算法，该算法是随机算法和局部搜索算法[组合<一个href="#B11">11个</一个>-<一个href="#B13">13个</一个>]. 它能够实现搜索空间的探索和开发，处理大量的搜索空间信息。此外，它还可以利用学习策略获取和掌握信息，有效地找到近似最优解。其中，遗传算法（GA）、粒子群算法（PSO）和蚁群算法（ACO）是近年来在任务调度中应用最为广泛的进化算法[<一个href="#B14">14个</一个>]. 然而，这些算法通常过早收敛，并且容易陷入有限最优。当接近最优解时，它也可能左右摆动，使收敛速度变慢[<一个href="#B15">15个</一个>]. 在遗传算法中，交叉算子因其全局搜索能力成为主要算子，变异算子因其局部搜索能力成为辅助算子。遗传算法具有平衡全局搜索空间和局部搜索空间的能力。遗传算法总是通过交叉和变异算子来搜索全局和局部空间。他们互相合作，互相监督。如何在求解过程中有效地配合交集和变异运算，使收敛速度更快，跳出局部最优是当前遗传算法的一个有价值的研究内容。</p> <p>提出了一种基于灾难遗传算法的边缘云协同计算任务调度策略。考虑到交叉操作的含义、个体最优保持率和进化过程中变异概率的大小，改进了遗传算法的收敛能力和三种遗传算子。惩罚因子根据时间延迟确定执行时间目标函数。同时，引入灾难策略模拟生物进化中的灾难现象。在最初的1/2次迭代中，可能会发生早衰，并且后代的最佳染色体根本不会发育。因此，我们增加了突变的概率，打破了原有基因的垄断，使个体脱离当前最优解进入群体，增加了基因的多样性，创造了新的生存个体。该算法能跳出局部最优解，有效地缓解了早熟收敛问题。</p> <p>本文的其余部分安排如下。部分<一个href="#sec2">2</一个>介绍了相关工作。部分<一个href="#sec3">3</一个>介绍了任务分类策略。剖面图<一个href="#sec4">4</一个>介绍了云中心的任务调度模型。部分<一个href="#sec5">五</一个>介绍了CGA算法。剖面图<一个href="#sec6">6</一个>介绍了实验和比较结果。最后，第<一个href="#sec7">7</一个>总结本文。</p> <h4 id="relevant-work">2.相关工作</h4> <p>边缘云协作的研究尚处于起步阶段，但国内外许多学者对边缘或云上的任务调度问题进行了相关的研究，并取得了一定的研究成果。Ke等人。[<一个href="#B16">16个</一个>]建议根据任务是否满足延迟和能量消耗对任务进行分类。在云任务调度中，遗传算法因其对各种任务调度问题的适应性而受到广泛的研究。遗传算法适用于各种任务调度问题。遗传算法的改进主要是对遗传算子进行改进，达到提高经典遗传算法收敛速度和性能的目的。目前，经过学者们的实验和论证，已经陆续提出了许多封塞算法。Keshanchi等人[<一个href="#B17">17岁</一个>]提出了一种改进启发式遗传算法，称为N-二GA。的N GA用于在云中的静态任务调度。阿克巴里等。[<一个href="#B18">18岁</一个>]通过显著改变遗传算子，提高了遗传算法的性能，保证了样本的多样性和整个空间的可靠覆盖。在[<一个href="#B19">19个</一个>]提出了一种混合元启发式算法，该算法采用混合粒子群算法和遗传算法相结合的HEFT算法来提高性能。Johnson提出了一种基于规则的遗传算法（JRGA）[<一个href="#B20">20个</一个>]用于数据中心中的两阶段任务调度。在[<一个href="#B11">11个</一个>，提出了一种基于遗传算法的异构计算系统任务调度方案，该方案根据分配的优先级将每个任务映射到处理器，以尽可能缩短制造时间。戈亚尔和阿格拉瓦尔[<一个href="#B21">21岁</一个>]提出了一种在多台机器上调度一组独立任务的模型，并将遗传算法和选举启发式算法相结合解决了该问题。该模型的目标也是最小化最大时间。Kumar等人。[<一个href="#B22">22个</一个>]提出了一种新的任务调度方法，该方法综合分钟分钟算法和最小 - 最大算法在遗传算法。这项研究的目的是缩短生成时间和执行时间，以最大程度[<一个href="#B23">23个</一个>]。</p> <p>然而，在求解多模问题时，上述方法仍可能陷入局部最优[<一个href="#B10">10个</一个>]。因此，算法需要一些策略来避免此限制。文献[<一个href="#B24">24个</一个>-<一个href="#B28">28个</一个>]提到了一种使用“突变”算子的整数遗传算法。它旨在帮助跳出局部极值点。着重介绍了“突变”算子的仿生意义和改进的灾难遗传算法在解决上述问题中的应用。这些操作可以减少陷入局部最优和过早收敛的现象。</p> <p>此外，很少有研究，实现基于满足每个任务的延迟最少的总时间。因此，基于遗传算法的基础上，本文提出了所谓的CGA任务调度算法基于灾变策略[<一个href="#B29">29个</一个>]，它主要考虑的时间延迟，以实现最小总执行时间。而该算法的有效性通过实验检查。</p> <h4 id="task-classification">三。任务分类</h4> <p>在系统中，我们考虑一组要执行的任务，每个任务都来自一个边缘设备，该设备表示为<span class="inline_break"> <svg height="11.5564pt" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-2.26807pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 62.286 11.5564" width="62.286pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M822 650H589L583 622C660 617 677 607 674 561C672 534 664 481 647 390L600 137H596L273 650H126L120 622C176 620 194 615 207 594C221 571 225 557 214 504L161 257C141 166 129 112 121 85C108 42 83 30 29 28L23 0H260L266 28C193 33 173 42 176 89C178 122 186 172 202 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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,85.071,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-79"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,95.982,0)"> <path d="M283 255V284C195 290 192 337 192 375C192 436 200 508 200 580C200 696 116 709 54 709V681C127 671 139 634 139 588C138 524 125 452 125 387C125 333 149 286 209 272V268C148 253 125 206 125 151C126 87 139 16 139 -47C139 -92 127 -131 54 -141V-169C115 -169 200 -152 200 -41C200 32 192 104 192 164C192 202 195 249 283 255Z" id="g113-126"></path> </g> </svg>。</span></span>任务包括交互式游戏、自然语言处理、图像定位等[<一个href="#B16">16个</一个>]。每个任务都应该在最后期限内完成。每个具有三个属性的任务被定义为<span class="inline_break"> <svg height="12.599pt" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-3.2911pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 74.4 12.599" width="74.4pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M592 498C586 556 582 629 581 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96L201 370C213 416 211 448 191 448C162 448 88 407 29 352L42 328C73 354 104 371 114 371C120 371 119 365 115 345L53 92C32 5 45 -12 68 -12C103 -12 186 50 222 91Z" id="g113-106"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,146.246,0)"> <path d="M448 1V51H364C248 51 153 129 140 230H448V280H140C153 381 248 459 364 459H448V509H365C208 509 80 395 80 255S208 1 365 1H448Z" id="g117-173"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,156.741,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-79"></use> </g> </svg>。</span></span>为了<span class="nowrap"> <svg height="12.599pt" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-3.2911pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 26.904 12.599" width="26.904pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.821,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.488,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.207,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,23.749,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> </svg>，</span> <svg height="12.5794pt" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-3.29107pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 10.3321 12.5794" width="10.3321pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-101"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.15,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> </svg>是用于计算所述输入数据，其可以包括程序代码，输入文件等的大小[<一个href="#B16">16个</一个>]。<svg height="12.2532pt" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-3.29108pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.96212 33.2809 12.2532" width="33.2809pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g121-99"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,5.525,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g121-118"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.687,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g121-110"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.923,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,30.099,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> </svg>是完成任务的最后期限。<svg height="12.599pt" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-3.2911pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 25.3512 12.599" width="25.3512pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-101"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.903,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.362,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.406,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,22.196,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> </svg>是任务的长度。因此，我们首先要进行分类需要被处理，以确定是否在云中执行任务。根据任务和任务的长度的延迟的比率，任务的灵敏度被确定。最后，在云中的任务将被安排以减少总执行时间。</p> <p>让<svg height="13.8999pt" id="M7" style="vertical-align:-3.94351pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.95639 12.7292 13.8999" width="12.7292pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M619 670C619 686 593 712 555 712S459 686 410 634S335 504 320 430H250L219 400L222 388H312L258 73C223 -133 201 -166 187 -180C175 -191 158 -199 140 -199C123 -199 88 -188 74 -172C68 -166 63 -164 54 -171C38 -185 23 -201 23 -215C23 -236 60 -261 93 -261C122 -261 161 -247 207 -200C268 -138 300 -71 337 94C365 220 376 277 394 387L501 399L521 430H401C432 623 464 665 501 665C524 665 544 651 567 627C577 617 583 618 592 625C601 631 619 651 619 670Z" id="g113-103"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.352,-5.741)"> <path d="M387 400C387 425 348 451 303 451C247 451 176 414 132 376C69 322 24 228 24 148C24 43 74 -12 147 -12C211 -12 301 33 363 103L346 128C319 99 249 51 193 51C148 51 112 84 112 165C112 230 130 287 154 330C170 359 199 400 243 400C277 400 304 383 326 354C333 345 343 343 354 348C378 360 387 382 387 400Z" id="g50-100"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.721,3.784)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> </svg>表示分配给<svg height="12.599pt" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-3.2911pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 26.904 12.599" width="26.904pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.821,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.488,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.207,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,23.749,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> </svg>通过边缘装置。因此，我们可以得到<svg height="12.599pt" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-3.2911pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 26.904 12.599" width="26.904pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.821,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.488,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.207,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,23.749,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> </svg>如<span class="equation_break" id="EEq1"><span class="left_break" id="L10"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M10"> <svg height="32.0703pt" id="M10-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 70.484 32.0703" width="70.484pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B10-1"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,18.16)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.28,11.897)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.17,21.944)"> <path d="M238 0V26C174 32 166 38 166 104V712C132 700 70 683 18 677V653C81 647 87 645 87 577V104C87 38 78 32 15 26V0H238Z" id="g190-109"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.47,21.944)"> <path d="M257 449C165 449 37 374 37 209C37 98 119 -12 256 -12C355 -12 473 65 473 226C473 349 381 449 257 449ZM244 416C333 416 380 320 380 204C380 67 329 21 267 21C184 21 130 115 130 241C130 354 184 416 244 416Z" id="g190-112"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,14.2,21.944)"> <path d="M390 111C344 68 312 56 269 56C212 56 118 102 118 241C118 346 175 401 241 401C277 401 312 388 342 360C350 352 355 349 361 349C372 349 394 371 394 392C394 403 391 411 378 422C362 436 329 449 288 449H287C250 449 190 432 138 392C71 341 37 274 37 197C37 90 112 -12 238 -12C297 -12 363 32 407 90L390 111Z" id="g190-100"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,18.07,21.944)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,22.12,21.944)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-109"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.61,18.16)"> <use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,41.07,9.308)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-101"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,47.97,9.308)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,53.43,9.308)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,57.48,9.308)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,63.27,12.44)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <rect height="0.65243" width="25.2515" x="41.07" y="14.506"></rect> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,47.38,27.386)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-103"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,55.73,22.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-100"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,54.1,31.911)"> <path d="M238 675C244 702 241 710 231 710C220 710 155 682 74 673L70 643H101C147 643 151 635 142 594L39 111C18 11 36 -12 55 -12C89 -12 170 38 223 103L207 129C176 98 130 68 118 68C113 68 108 72 114 102L238 675Z" id="g50-109"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,67.52,18.16)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> </g> </svg></span></span><span class="right_break" id="R10"> <svg class="label" height="11.44pt" id="M10-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.398 11.44" width="13.398pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B10-2"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,9.26)"> <path d="M300 -147C201 -63 143 98 143 270S200 602 300 686L282 710C136 611 70 451 70 272V271C70 90 136 -71 282 -169L300 -147Z" id="g190-41"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.5,9.26)"> <path d="M311 0V25C221 32 216 41 216 113V635C162 613 103 594 39 583V559L88 556C131 552 135 546 135 500V113C135 41 131 32 40 25V0H311Z" id="g190-213"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.9,9.26)"> <path d="M275 271C275 451 212 609 64 710L45 686C145 604 203 442 203 270S147 -63 45 -147L64 -170C213 -68 275 89 275 269V271Z" id="g190-42"></path> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></p> <p>传输到云的时间定义为<span class="equation_break" id="EEq2"><span class="left_break" id="L11"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M11"> <svg height="27.5463pt" id="M11-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 66.334 27.5463" width="66.334pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B11-1"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,18.141)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.29,11.877)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g 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xlink:href="#g117-34"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,45.43,9.288)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-101"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,52.58,12.42)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <rect height="0.65243" width="23.2659" x="38.91" y="14.487"></rect> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.91,27.366)"> <path d="M631 18C609 24 585 35 559 65C534 91 514 117 478 169C448 214 406 281 389 313C462 346 516 399 516 485C516 545 490 590 449 616C412 641 363 650 290 650H42V622C120 615 128 612 128 527V125C128 40 120 34 38 28V0H300V28C221 34 212 40 212 125V284H244C295 284 312 272 329 244C359 195 395 133 430 84C475 19 516 -3 592 -7C603 -8 615 -8 627 -8L631 18ZM212 316V563C212 591 215 602 223 607C231 613 248 617 277 617C352 617 423 577 423 469C423 415 407 375 368 345C343 324 310 316 260 316H212Z" id="g190-83"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,47.22,27.366)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,52.68,27.366)"> 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<p>为了便于在后续云任务调度，任务需要根据灵敏度进行排序。任务灵敏度可以被定义为<span class="equation_break" id="EEq3"><span class="left_break" id="L13"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M13"> <svg height="30.6767pt" id="M13-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 81.234 30.6767" width="81.234pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B13-1"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,18.16)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.87,18.16)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-102"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.4,18.16)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-111"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.58,18.16)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,24.75,21.292)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.44,18.16)"> <use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,47.86,9.308)"> <use 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</svg></span></span></p> <p>完整的任务分类过程在算法中进行了说明<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/alg1/" target="_blank">1</一个>。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="alg1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-alg1"> <table class="algorithm-group"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="algorithm" id="alg1"> <tbody> <tr> <td>（1）</t型型d> <td>初始化</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（2）</t型型d> <td>任务设置:<span class="nowrap"> <svg height="12.8874pt" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-2.2681pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.6193 98.7957 12.8874" width="98.7957pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M303 0V28C221 34 213 39 213 125V525C213 610 221 616 303 622V650H38V622C120 616 128 610 128 525V125C128 40 120 34 38 28V0H303ZM307 709C264 742 220 775 182 816H160C122 775 77 742 34 709L50 684C90 701 131 724 170 746C210 723 251 701 291 684L307 709Z"></path> </g> <g 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<td>（三）</t型型d> <td>分类任务集：<span class="nowrap"> <svg height="12.3916pt" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-3.42948pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.96212 71.6762 12.3916" width="71.6762pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M692 302H438V274C537 267 543 260 543 188V103C543 61 531 48 511 37C489 26 458 20 424 20C231 20 146 188 146 333C146 517 258 630 411 630C507 630 582 597 606 474L634 480C627 546 622 601 619 636C586 643 510 665 426 665C230 665 44 552 44 321C44 122 191 -15 411 -15C491 -15 573 7 635 21C629 49 628 81 628 116V202C628 261 632 266 692 274V302Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,9.295,0)"> <path d="M614 175C564 76 510 21 408 21C256 21 146 149 146 336C146 488 235 629 402 629C510 629 570 586 597 480L626 488C620 541 614 582 606 638C578 643 510 665 429 665C206 665 44 527 44 316C44 157 153 -15 402 -15C474 -15 558 5 586 11C604 45 629 119 643 165L614 175Z"></path> </g> 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d="M542 242C542 369 469 429 379 468C370 472 372 496 376 513L416 681L400 691L344 648L219 51C167 69 113 128 113 217C113 324 166 387 266 428L252 459C124 418 23 336 23 202C23 95 90 13 205 -8L182 -132C165 -222 191 -254 209 -261L215 -258L270 -7C415 -4 542 98 542 242ZM469 232C469 126 403 33 279 39L355 409C399 394 469 331 469 232Z"></path> </g> </svg>;</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td>（四）</t型型d> <td>对于每一个任务<svg height="11.2563pt" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.6193 26.7146 11.2563" width="26.7146pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M244 607C244 633 228 655 200 655C166 655 146 618 146 594C146 564 166 546 191 546C221 546 244 574 244 607ZM222 91L209 114C184 94 148 66 133 66C127 66 124 73 130 96L201 370C213 416 211 448 191 448C162 448 88 407 29 352L42 328C73 354 104 371 114 371C120 371 119 365 115 345L53 92C32 5 45 -12 68 -12C103 -12 186 50 222 91Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.181,0)"> <path d="M448 1V51H364C248 51 153 129 140 230H448V280H140C153 381 248 459 364 459H448V509H365C208 509 80 395 80 255S208 1 365 1H448Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.677,0)"> <path d="M303 0V28C221 34 213 39 213 125V525C213 610 221 616 303 622V650H38V622C120 616 128 610 128 525V125C128 40 120 34 38 28V0H303ZM307 709C264 742 220 775 182 816H160C122 775 77 742 34 709L50 684C90 701 131 724 170 746C210 723 251 701 291 684L307 709Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.11,0)"> <path d="M303 0V28C221 34 213 39 213 125V525C213 610 221 616 303 622V650H38V622C120 616 128 610 128 525V125C128 40 120 34 38 28V0H303ZM172 806C142 806 120 784 120 754C120 725 142 703 171 703S222 725 222 754C222 784 200 806 172 806Z"></path> </g> </svg>做</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（五）</t型型d> <td>计算<svg height="12.2532pt" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-3.29108pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.96212 27.9349 12.2532" width="27.9349pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M319 325C317 349 306 409 297 431C277 440 250 449 209 449C117 449 57 389 57 319C57 243 122 209 182 182C232 159 261 135 261 91C261 48 227 21 190 21C130 21 85 79 68 145L41 140C41 104 51 36 58 22C75 7 121 -12 172 -12C252 -12 337 35 337 126C337 195 286 231 210 262C166 281 126 304 126 348C126 388 152 417 191 417C240 417 274 378 294 318L319 325Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.875,0)"> <path d="M380 106C343 72 306 56 265 56C195 56 116 112 115 248C235 252 361 262 377 265C396 269 400 277 400 297C400 374 333 449 250 449H249C198 449 144 421 103 376S37 269 37 201C37 88 109 -12 232 -12C263 -12 332 6 395 84L380 106ZM225 412C281 412 315 364 314 312C314 297 308 292 290 292C232 290 176 289 120 289C135 370 180 412 225 412Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.4,0)"> <path d="M524 0V26C466 32 460 36 460 104V297C460 393 411 449 331 449C302 449 276 437 248 419C223 402 201 387 181 372V451C137 432 90 420 42 411V388C96 378 102 374 102 310V104C102 38 97 33 29 26V0H246V26C187 32 181 36 181 104V339C211 365 250 390 290 390C357 390 381 345 381 276V109C381 40 374 32 315 26V0H524Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.577,0)"> <path d="M620 675H597C578 656 570 650 541 650H144C112 650 104 653 94 675H72C59 618 42 552 23 493L53 491C71 534 88 564 105 585C124 608 144 615 238 615H290L197 121C182 40 174 34 88 28L82 0H361L367 28C275 34 266 38 281 121L374 615H441C522 615 543 608 553 583C562 560 566 531 565 493L597 494C603 551 612 629 620 675Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,24.753,3.132)"> <path d="M250 606C250 634 233 656 203 656C168 656 146 618 146 593C146 564 169 545 192 545C227 545 250 573 250 606ZM227 95L212 119C187 98 152 71 135 71C129 71 128 78 134 102L207 373C219 418 217 451 194 451C165 451 92 411 30 351L44 326C77 353 106 371 114 371C124 371 121 357 117 341L55 97C32 5 46 -12 70 -12C108 -12 191 51 227 95Z"></path> </g> </svg>通过<span class="nowrap"> <svg height="12.599pt" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-3.2911pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 66.0877 12.599" width="66.0877pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M517 51L485 54C448 58 441 63 441 115V712C404 700 337 684 285 678V653C357 648 362 645 362 580V437C339 446 309 449 295 449C159 449 38 340 38 201C38 61 143 -12 223 -12C234 -12 261 -6 301 17L362 53V-12C420 9 495 22 517 26V51ZM362 85C338 67 301 51 266 51C201 51 128 109 128 228C128 373 212 411 259 411C296 411 338 395 362 360V85Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.903,0)"> <path d="M433 39L423 65C413 59 399 54 387 54C370 54 352 69 352 114V299C352 352 342 392 307 422C285 440 255 449 225 449C168 437 102 399 75 379C56 365 44 353 44 339C44 315 69 296 87 296C101 296 111 303 116 319C124 349 133 371 145 385C156 397 171 404 190 404C241 404 275 364 275 291V274C253 256 180 229 120 209C65 190 39 159 39 110C39 47 88 -12 159 -12C189 -12 237 25 277 52C282 35 288 21 301 8C312 -3 333 -12 348 -12L433 39ZM275 84C256 65 221 48 195 48C164 48 124 73 124 124C124 161 146 180 185 198C206 208 254 229 275 240V84Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.362,0)"> <path d="M298 36L289 62C276 55 253 45 228 45C202 45 169 60 169 141V397H276C289 405 292 426 282 437H169V574L155 576L90 509V437H45L17 408L21 397H90V107C90 28 125 -12 188 -12C198 -12 213 -8 230 1L298 36Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.406,0)"> <path d="M433 39L423 65C413 59 399 54 387 54C370 54 352 69 352 114V299C352 352 342 392 307 422C285 440 255 449 225 449C168 437 102 399 75 379C56 365 44 353 44 339C44 315 69 296 87 296C101 296 111 303 116 319C124 349 133 371 145 385C156 397 171 404 190 404C241 404 275 364 275 291V274C253 256 180 229 120 209C65 190 39 159 39 110C39 47 88 -12 159 -12C189 -12 237 25 277 52C282 35 288 21 301 8C312 -3 333 -12 348 -12L433 39ZM275 84C256 65 221 48 195 48C164 48 124 73 124 124C124 161 146 180 185 198C206 208 254 229 275 240V84Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,22.196,3.132)"> <path d="M250 606C250 634 233 656 203 656C168 656 146 618 146 593C146 564 169 545 192 545C227 545 250 573 250 606ZM227 95L212 119C187 98 152 71 135 71C129 71 128 78 134 102L207 373C219 418 217 451 194 451C165 451 92 411 30 351L44 326C77 353 106 371 114 371C124 371 121 357 117 341L55 97C32 5 46 -12 70 -12C108 -12 191 51 227 95Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.252,0)"> <path d="M368 703H309L44 -163H104L368 703Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.792,0)"> <path d="M380 106C343 72 306 56 265 56C195 56 116 112 115 248C235 252 361 262 377 265C396 269 400 277 400 297C400 374 333 449 250 449H249C198 449 144 421 103 376S37 269 37 201C37 88 109 -12 232 -12C263 -12 332 6 395 84L380 106ZM225 412C281 412 315 364 314 312C314 297 308 292 290 292C232 290 176 289 120 289C135 370 180 412 225 412Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.317,0)"> <path d="M474 0V26C414 34 401 43 364 100L267 248C300 297 324 332 345 358C381 400 394 405 455 411V437H272V411C316 406 323 401 305 370C287 337 267 306 247 276L188 369C169 397 173 405 215 411V437H16V411C71 404 83 396 114 348L201 212C171 167 144 127 116 92C77 42 66 34 4 26V0H190V26C139 34 136 43 156 77C175 113 198 150 220 183L294 66C311 39 302 31 260 26V0H474Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.479,0)"> <path d="M169 380V459C122 440 66 423 24 416V392C86 384 90 382 90 317V-135C90 -201 81 -207 17 -213V-240H253V-213C176 -207 169 -201 169 -125V6C182 -1 208 -11 238 -12C368 12 487 109 487 260C487 358 421 449 310 449C298 449 279 444 261 433L169 380ZM169 346C196 367 237 389 269 389C341 389 403 329 403 221C403 109 347 37 263 37C228 37 191 53 169 76V346Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,55.714,0)"> <path d="M620 675H597C578 656 570 650 541 650H144C112 650 104 653 94 675H72C59 618 42 552 23 493L53 491C71 534 88 564 105 585C124 608 144 615 238 615H290L197 121C182 40 174 34 88 28L82 0H361L367 28C275 34 266 38 281 121L374 615H441C522 615 543 608 553 583C562 560 566 531 565 493L597 494C603 551 612 629 620 675Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,62.89,3.132)"> <path d="M250 606C250 634 233 656 203 656C168 656 146 618 146 593C146 564 169 545 192 545C227 545 250 573 250 606ZM227 95L212 119C187 98 152 71 135 71C129 71 128 78 134 102L207 373C219 418 217 451 194 451C165 451 92 411 30 351L44 326C77 353 106 371 114 371C124 371 121 357 117 341L55 97C32 5 46 -12 70 -12C108 -12 191 51 227 95Z"></path> </g> </svg>，</span>分别；</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（六）</t型型d> <td>如果(<span class="nowrap"> <svg height="12.2532pt" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-3.29108pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.96212 77.5687 12.2532" width="77.5687pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M620 675H597C578 656 570 650 541 650H144C112 650 104 653 94 675H72C59 618 42 552 23 493L53 491C71 534 88 564 105 585C124 608 144 615 238 615H290L197 121C182 40 174 34 88 28L82 0H361L367 28C275 34 266 38 281 121L374 615H441C522 615 543 608 553 583C562 560 566 531 565 493L597 494C603 551 612 629 620 675Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.176,3.132)"> <path d="M238 0V26C174 32 166 38 166 104V712C132 700 70 683 18 677V653C81 647 87 645 87 577V104C87 38 78 32 15 26V0H238Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.478,3.132)"> <path d="M257 449C165 449 37 374 37 209C37 98 119 -12 256 -12C355 -12 473 65 473 226C473 349 381 449 257 449ZM244 416C333 416 380 320 380 204C380 67 329 21 267 21C184 21 130 115 130 241C130 354 184 416 244 416Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,14.202,3.132)"> <path d="M390 111C344 68 312 56 269 56C212 56 118 102 118 241C118 346 175 401 241 401C277 401 312 388 342 360C350 352 355 349 361 349C372 349 394 371 394 392C394 403 391 411 378 422C362 436 329 449 288 449H287C250 449 190 432 138 392C71 341 37 274 37 197C37 90 112 -12 238 -12C297 -12 363 32 407 90L390 111Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,18.078,3.132)"> <path d="M433 39L423 65C413 59 399 54 387 54C370 54 352 69 352 114V299C352 352 342 392 307 422C285 440 255 449 225 449C168 437 102 399 75 379C56 365 44 353 44 339C44 315 69 296 87 296C101 296 111 303 116 319C124 349 133 371 145 385C156 397 171 404 190 404C241 404 275 364 275 291V274C253 256 180 229 120 209C65 190 39 159 39 110C39 47 88 -12 159 -12C189 -12 237 25 277 52C282 35 288 21 301 8C312 -3 333 -12 348 -12L433 39ZM275 84C256 65 221 48 195 48C164 48 124 73 124 124C124 161 146 180 185 198C206 208 254 229 275 240V84Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,22.119,3.132)"> <path d="M238 0V26C174 32 166 38 166 104V712C132 700 70 683 18 677V653C81 647 87 645 87 577V104C87 38 78 32 15 26V0H238Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.615,0)"> <path d="M512 230V281L75 514V456L453 256V254L75 55V-3L512 230Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.232,0)"> <path d="M380 106C343 72 306 56 265 56C195 56 116 112 115 248C235 252 361 262 377 265C396 269 400 277 400 297C400 374 333 449 250 449H249C198 449 144 421 103 376S37 269 37 201C37 88 109 -12 232 -12C263 -12 332 6 395 84L380 106ZM225 412C281 412 315 364 314 312C314 297 308 292 290 292C232 290 176 289 120 289C135 370 180 412 225 412Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,49.757,0)"> <path d="M474 0V26C414 34 401 43 364 100L267 248C300 297 324 332 345 358C381 400 394 405 455 411V437H272V411C316 406 323 401 305 370C287 337 267 306 247 276L188 369C169 397 173 405 215 411V437H16V411C71 404 83 396 114 348L201 212C171 167 144 127 116 92C77 42 66 34 4 26V0H190V26C139 34 136 43 156 77C175 113 198 150 220 183L294 66C311 39 302 31 260 26V0H474Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,55.919,0)"> <path d="M169 380V459C122 440 66 423 24 416V392C86 384 90 382 90 317V-135C90 -201 81 -207 17 -213V-240H253V-213C176 -207 169 -201 169 -125V6C182 -1 208 -11 238 -12C368 12 487 109 487 260C487 358 421 449 310 449C298 449 279 444 261 433L169 380ZM169 346C196 367 237 389 269 389C341 389 403 329 403 221C403 109 347 37 263 37C228 37 191 53 169 76V346Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,67.155,0)"> <path d="M620 675H597C578 656 570 650 541 650H144C112 650 104 653 94 675H72C59 618 42 552 23 493L53 491C71 534 88 564 105 585C124 608 144 615 238 615H290L197 121C182 40 174 34 88 28L82 0H361L367 28C275 34 266 38 281 121L374 615H441C522 615 543 608 553 583C562 560 566 531 565 493L597 494C603 551 612 629 620 675Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,74.331,3.132)"> <path d="M250 606C250 634 233 656 203 656C168 656 146 618 146 593C146 564 169 545 192 545C227 545 250 573 250 606ZM227 95L212 119C187 98 152 71 135 71C129 71 128 78 134 102L207 373C219 418 217 451 194 451C165 451 92 411 30 351L44 326C77 353 106 371 114 371C124 371 121 357 117 341L55 97C32 5 46 -12 70 -12C108 -12 191 51 227 95Z"></path> </g> </svg>）</span>然后</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（7）</t型型d> <td><span class="nowrap"> <svg height="9.10327pt" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-0.3499298pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.75334 47.1881 9.10327" width="47.1881pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M244 607C244 633 228 655 200 655C166 655 146 618 146 594C146 564 166 546 191 546C221 546 244 574 244 607ZM222 91L209 114C184 94 148 66 133 66C127 66 124 73 130 96L201 370C213 416 211 448 191 448C162 448 88 407 29 352L42 328C73 354 104 371 114 371C120 371 119 365 115 345L53 92C32 5 45 -12 68 -12C103 -12 186 50 222 91Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.181,0)"> <path d="M567 323V373H69V323H567ZM567 138V188H69V138H567Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.957,0)"> <path d="M901 255C852 301 765 395 674 502L652 487L727 373H69V323H759L804 255L760 188H69V138H727L652 23L674 8C765 115 852 209 901 255Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.068,0)"> <path d="M692 302H438V274C537 267 543 260 543 188V103C543 61 531 48 511 37C489 26 458 20 424 20C231 20 146 188 146 333C146 517 258 630 411 630C507 630 582 597 606 474L634 480C627 546 622 601 619 636C586 643 510 665 426 665C230 665 44 552 44 321C44 122 191 -15 411 -15C491 -15 573 7 635 21C629 49 628 81 628 116V202C628 261 632 266 692 274V302Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.363,0)"> <path d="M614 175C564 76 510 21 408 21C256 21 146 149 146 336C146 488 235 629 402 629C510 629 570 586 597 480L626 488C620 541 614 582 606 638C578 643 510 665 429 665C206 665 44 527 44 316C44 157 153 -15 402 -15C474 -15 558 5 586 11C604 45 629 119 643 165L614 175Z"></path> </g> </svg>;</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td>（8）</t型型d> <td>Else if (<span class="nowrap"> <svg height="12.2532pt" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-3.29108pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.96212 77.5687 12.2532" width="77.5687pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M620 675H597C578 656 570 650 541 650H144C112 650 104 653 94 675H72C59 618 42 552 23 493L53 491C71 534 88 564 105 585C124 608 144 615 238 615H290L197 121C182 40 174 34 88 28L82 0H361L367 28C275 34 266 38 281 121L374 615H441C522 615 543 608 553 583C562 560 566 531 565 493L597 494C603 551 612 629 620 675Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.176,3.132)"> <path d="M238 0V26C174 32 166 38 166 104V712C132 700 70 683 18 677V653C81 647 87 645 87 577V104C87 38 78 32 15 26V0H238Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.478,3.132)"> <path d="M257 449C165 449 37 374 37 209C37 98 119 -12 256 -12C355 -12 473 65 473 226C473 349 381 449 257 449ZM244 416C333 416 380 320 380 204C380 67 329 21 267 21C184 21 130 115 130 241C130 354 184 416 244 416Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,14.202,3.132)"> <path d="M390 111C344 68 312 56 269 56C212 56 118 102 118 241C118 346 175 401 241 401C277 401 312 388 342 360C350 352 355 349 361 349C372 349 394 371 394 392C394 403 391 411 378 422C362 436 329 449 288 449H287C250 449 190 432 138 392C71 341 37 274 37 197C37 90 112 -12 238 -12C297 -12 363 32 407 90L390 111Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,18.078,3.132)"> <path d="M433 39L423 65C413 59 399 54 387 54C370 54 352 69 352 114V299C352 352 342 392 307 422C285 440 255 449 225 449C168 437 102 399 75 379C56 365 44 353 44 339C44 315 69 296 87 296C101 296 111 303 116 319C124 349 133 371 145 385C156 397 171 404 190 404C241 404 275 364 275 291V274C253 256 180 229 120 209C65 190 39 159 39 110C39 47 88 -12 159 -12C189 -12 237 25 277 52C282 35 288 21 301 8C312 -3 333 -12 348 -12L433 39ZM275 84C256 65 221 48 195 48C164 48 124 73 124 124C124 161 146 180 185 198C206 208 254 229 275 240V84Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,22.119,3.132)"> <path d="M238 0V26C174 32 166 38 166 104V712C132 700 70 683 18 677V653C81 647 87 645 87 577V104C87 38 78 32 15 26V0H238Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.615,0)"> <path d="M531 71V127L115 310L531 494V550L57 335V285L531 71ZM531 -40V10H57V-40H531Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.232,0)"> <path d="M380 106C343 72 306 56 265 56C195 56 116 112 115 248C235 252 361 262 377 265C396 269 400 277 400 297C400 374 333 449 250 449H249C198 449 144 421 103 376S37 269 37 201C37 88 109 -12 232 -12C263 -12 332 6 395 84L380 106ZM225 412C281 412 315 364 314 312C314 297 308 292 290 292C232 290 176 289 120 289C135 370 180 412 225 412Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,49.757,0)"> <path d="M474 0V26C414 34 401 43 364 100L267 248C300 297 324 332 345 358C381 400 394 405 455 411V437H272V411C316 406 323 401 305 370C287 337 267 306 247 276L188 369C169 397 173 405 215 411V437H16V411C71 404 83 396 114 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<path d="M250 606C250 634 233 656 203 656C168 656 146 618 146 593C146 564 169 545 192 545C227 545 250 573 250 606ZM227 95L212 119C187 98 152 71 135 71C129 71 128 78 134 102L207 373C219 418 217 451 194 451C165 451 92 411 30 351L44 326C77 353 106 371 114 371C124 371 121 357 117 341L55 97C32 5 46 -12 70 -12C108 -12 191 51 227 95Z"></path> </g> </svg>）</span>然后</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（9）</t型型d> <td><span class="nowrap"> <svg height="9.10327pt" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-0.3499298pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.75334 45.5309 9.10327" width="45.5309pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M244 607C244 633 228 655 200 655C166 655 146 618 146 594C146 564 166 546 191 546C221 546 244 574 244 607ZM222 91L209 114C184 94 148 66 133 66C127 66 124 73 130 96L201 370C213 416 211 448 191 448C162 448 88 407 29 352L42 328C73 354 104 371 114 371C120 371 119 365 115 345L53 92C32 5 45 -12 68 -12C103 -12 186 50 222 91Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.181,0)"> <path d="M567 323V373H69V323H567ZM567 138V188H69V138H567Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.957,0)"> <path d="M901 255C852 301 765 395 674 502L652 487L727 373H69V323H759L804 255L760 188H69V138H727L652 23L674 8C765 115 852 209 901 255Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.068,0)"> <path d="M692 302H438V274C537 267 543 260 543 188V103C543 61 531 48 511 37C489 26 458 20 424 20C231 20 146 188 146 333C146 517 258 630 411 630C507 630 582 597 606 474L634 480C627 546 622 601 619 636C586 643 510 665 426 665C230 665 44 552 44 321C44 122 191 -15 411 -15C491 -15 573 7 635 21C629 49 628 81 628 116V202C628 261 632 266 692 274V302Z"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.363,0)"> <path d="M495 163C480 117 462 85 444 65C421 39 387 34 332 34C290 34 256 36 236 47C218 57 213 77 213 131V526C213 612 222 616 301 622V650H40V622C122 616 128 611 128 526V126C128 41 120 34 36 28V0H489C498 31 519 126 525 157L495 163Z"></path> </g> </svg>;</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td>（十）</t型型d> <td>结束if；</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（11）</t型型d> <td>结束；</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（12）</t型型d> <td>输出：GC（排序以升序灵敏度），GL。</t型型d> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">算法1</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/alg1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 该算法对任务进行分类。</div> </div> </div> <h4 id="task-scheduling-model-in-the-cloud-center">四。云中心任务调度模型</h4> <p>云中的任务调度问题是如何将每个任务合理地安排到多个虚拟机中，使所有任务都能在更短的执行时间内完成，并尽可能地满足延迟[<一个href="#B10">10个</一个>]。在此，我们做出以下假设:<span class="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">（1）</span><span class="list-content">任务和任务之间没有相互依赖关系</span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">（2）</span><span class="list-content">任务的大小和虚拟机的计算速度是已知的</span></span></span></p> <p><span class="statement" id="deff1"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">定义1。</i></span>物理机上的虚拟机：<span class="equation_break" id="EEq4"><span class="left_break" id="L23"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M23"> <svg height="14.5707pt" id="M23-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 176.844 14.5707" width="176.844pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B23-1"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,10.593)"> <path d="M46 650V622C120 617 128 613 128 525V125C128 42 120 34 40 28V0H311V28C221 34 212 39 212 124V281L286 262C297 261 316 261 331 263C429 275 526 338 526 468C526 533 501 579 462 609C422 638 364 650 293 650H46ZM212 559C212 588 215 600 223 606C230 613 251 618 279 618C361 618 430 572 430 464C430 337 350 302 285 302C252 302 225 309 212 314V559Z" id="g190-81"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.32,10.593)"> <path d="M861 0V28C774 35 771 41 768 147L759 509C756 612 762 614 851 622V650H681L449 149L221 650H57V622C148 613 153 609 144 479L130 271C123 166 117 123 111 88C104 46 85 34 26 28V0H259V28C192 35 169 42 167 90C166 130 166 173 170 256L185 541H187L411 7H431L675 555H679L683 147C683 41 680 35 598 28V0H861Z" id="g190-78"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,18.98,13.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.66,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,36.93,10.593)"> <path d="M308 -259V-228H299C192 -219 190 -215 190 -109V616C190 755 193 759 299 768H308V799H127V-259H308Z" id="g119-1"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,41.78,10.593)"> <path d="M687 650H462V622C543 612 549 605 530 547C498 447 422 252 372 126H370C302 298 229 492 204 563C188 607 191 615 262 622V650H17V622C77 616 93 608 122 534C180 389 262 172 329 -11H360C436 196 541 450 568 516C606 605 619 614 687 622V650Z" id="g190-87"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,50.92,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-78"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,62.58,13.725)"> <path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z" id="g50-50"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,67.53,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,72.67,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-87"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,81.81,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-78"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,93.47,13.725)"> <path d="M414 144C384 79 371 75 317 75H135L276 221C367 316 408 376 408 465C408 570 327 635 237 635C179 635 131 609 100 575L42 494L67 471C94 510 138 565 205 565C277 565 321 517 321 435C321 348 258 270 195 195C146 137 88 81 33 26V0H411C423 44 433 88 446 135L414 144Z" id="g50-51"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,98.42,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,103.56,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,108.7,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,113.85,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,119.02,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,124.17,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-87"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,133.3,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-78"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,144.97,13.725)"> <path d="M719 650H483V622C553 619 576 606 581 560C585 532 588 487 588 394V148H585L167 650H20V622C67 618 88 610 109 585C127 562 129 557 129 484V264C129 173 126 124 123 93C118 44 92 31 35 28V0H272V28C204 32 181 44 176 95C173 124 170 172 170 264V515H172L598 -9H629V394C629 487 631 532 635 563C639 606 663 619 719 622V650Z" id="g190-79"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,151.73,13.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-87"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,158.12,13.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-78"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,166.81,10.593)"> <path d="M244 -259V799H63V768H72C178 759 181 755 181 616V-109C181 -215 179 -219 72 -228H63V-259H244Z" id="g119-2"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,173.88,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg class="alt_equation" height="14.5707pt" id="I23" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 176.84 14.5707" width="176.84pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0 0)" xlink:href="#B23-1"></use> </svg></span></span><span class="right_break" id="R23"> <svg class="label" height="11.44pt" id="M23-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.458 11.44" width="15.458pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B23-2"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,9.26)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-41"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.5,9.26)"> <path d="M465 179V225H369V632H330C227 497 124 346 29 205V179H289V107C289 37 284 33 198 26V0H454V26C374 33 369 37 369 107V179H465ZM289 225H92C156 335 222 430 287 520H289V225Z" id="g190-166"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.96,9.26)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-42"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg class="alt_label" height="14.5707pt" id="IL23" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.52 14.5707" width="15.52pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0 1.35)" xlink:href="#B23-2"></use> </svg></span></span>哪里<svg height="11.8161pt" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-3.291121pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.52498 22.1282 11.8161" width="22.1282pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-81"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.319,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-78"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,18.973,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> </svg>表示主机，<svg height="8.70527pt" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-0.1802902pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.52498 26.1711 8.70527" width="26.1711pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-79"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,9.268,0)"> <path d="M478 437H300V411C357 404 363 393 347 345C325 280 293 190 258 107C229 178 188 284 163 354C147 397 149 405 203 411V437H-2V411C52 403 59 396 82 339C130 222 176 109 220 -11H248C304 138 356 261 390 336C417 395 425 404 478 411V437Z" id="g190-119"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,15.326,0)"> <path d="M797 0V26C739 32 732 36 732 103V296C732 394 682 449 605 449C576 449 550 437 529 423C504 407 475 389 446 366C425 418 382 449 334 449C303 449 279 437 253 421C222 403 201 385 180 371V452C135 432 85 419 41 411V388C99 379 102 374 102 310V103C102 38 93 32 27 26V0H238V26C189 32 180 38 180 103V338C210 363 250 390 289 390C351 390 377 348 377 275V103C377 37 368 32 306 26V0H520V26C465 32 456 38 456 101V296C456 314 455 326 453 338C491 369 529 390 565 390C628 390 653 345 653 274V107C653 36 642 32 583 26V0H797Z" id="g190-110"></path> </g> </svg>表示虚拟机的数量，以及<svg height="11.8161pt" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-3.291121pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.52498 26.0467 11.8161" width="26.0467pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-87"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,9.139,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-78"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,20.8,3.132)"> <path d="M485 418C485 434 469 451 441 451C389 451 312 387 255 335C221 304 194 278 159 242H157L259 678C264 698 264 710 255 710C242 710 183 681 96 673L90 643L128 642C165 641 171 640 162 602L24 -5L31 -12C51 -4 81 4 110 9L145 181C154 195 180 220 205 242C233 170 263 106 291 53C318 1 335 -12 360 -12C383 -12 425 0 483 82L463 105C437 79 411 57 400 57C388 57 378 68 355 110C329 156 288 244 268 298C299 333 355 376 405 376C426 376 440 373 448 368C453 365 465 368 468 373C477 386 485 405 485 418Z" id="g50-108"></path> </g> </svg>表示<svg height="9.51429pt" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-0.2063894pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 17.6893 9.51429" width="17.6893pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M480 416C480 431 465 448 438 448C388 448 312 383 252 330C217 299 188 273 155 237H153L257 680C262 700 263 712 253 712C240 712 183 684 97 674L92 648L126 647C166 646 172 645 163 606L23 -6L29 -12C51 -5 77 2 107 8C115 62 130 128 142 180C153 193 179 220 204 241C231 170 259 106 288 54C317 0 336 -12 358 -12C381 -12 423 2 477 80L460 100C434 74 408 54 398 54C385 54 374 65 351 107C326 154 282 241 263 299C296 332 351 377 403 377C424 377 436 372 445 368C449 366 456 368 462 375C472 386 480 402 480 416Z" id="g113-108"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.539,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.582,0)"> <path d="M513 0V26C455 31 447 37 447 103V278C447 398 390 449 309 449C255 449 202 412 166 376V712C127 700 67 684 19 677V653C85 647 87 643 87 580V103C87 37 79 31 19 26L18 0H231V26C171 32 166 39 166 103V341C194 373 232 392 270 392C337 392 368 351 368 269V103C368 38 360 32 302 26V0H513Z" id="g190-105"></path> </g> </svg>虚拟机资源在云环境中。</span></p> <p><span class="statement" id="deff2"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">定义2。</i></span>虚拟机的资源：<span class="equation_break" id="EEq5"><span class="left_break" id="L28"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M28"> <svg height="14.5707pt" id="M28-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 126.044 14.5707" width="126.044pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B28-1"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-87"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,9.13,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-78"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,20.8,13.725)"> <path d="M771 650H519L511 619L537 615C578 610 579 600 539 564C444 476 379 428 336 396C312 378 281 357 252 347L283 514C300 605 304 610 388 619L395 650H134L127 619C212 610 216 605 199 514L130 140C112 41 103 38 28 31L18 0H281L288 31C201 40 198 41 216 140L246 311C274 328 289 324 315 284C393 167 458 86 528 0H686L695 31C635 37 612 45 570 97C521 156 420 285 361 367L596 549C663 601 684 609 764 620L771 650Z" id="g50-76"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.89,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,43.15,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g119-1"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,48,10.593)"> <path d="M303 0V28C221 34 213 39 213 125V525C213 610 221 616 303 622V650H38V622C120 616 128 610 128 525V125C128 40 120 34 38 28V0H303Z" id="g190-74"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,52.44,10.593)"> <path d="M43 650V622C120 616 128 612 128 526V124C128 39 120 33 34 27V0H270C392 0 492 25 567 83C643 141 690 230 690 350C690 444 655 517 605 565C543 625 450 650 323 650H43ZM213 547C213 587 217 598 226 604C236 612 262 617 304 617C371 617 429 604 474 576C554 529 592 439 592 336C592 176 505 36 319 36C246 36 213 55 213 131V547Z" id="g190-69"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,61.77,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-87"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,70.99,13.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,76.14,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,81.29,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-78"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,92.87,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-74"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,97.3,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-81"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,104.62,10.593)"> <path d="M409 504C401 567 396 607 392 642C354 654 312 665 266 665C137 665 60 583 60 487C60 374 161 325 225 290C300 250 355 215 355 141C355 68 311 21 235 21C131 21 86 122 71 183L41 176C48 128 61 42 68 21C78 16 93 8 118 0C142 -7 175 -15 216 -15C349 -15 438 69 438 174C438 287 344 333 265 374C186 414 138 449 138 522C138 576 172 631 249 631C336 631 363 562 380 499L409 504Z" id="g190-84"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,110.89,13.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,116.04,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g119-2"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,123.08,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> </g> </svg></span></span><span class="right_break" id="R28"> <svg class="label" height="11.44pt" id="M28-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.898 11.44" width="14.898pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B28-2"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,9.26)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-41"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.5,9.26)"> <path d="M130 550H367L393 615L386 623H101L63 323C82 331 123 342 165 342C275 342 328 277 328 188C328 107 283 40 201 40C141 40 99 72 78 91C69 99 59 98 51 91C39 81 30 67 29 58C28 48 33 37 46 24C60 10 104 -12 149 -12C203 -11 269 14 323 59C384 109 412 165 412 225C412 308 347 399 219 399C193 399 146 382 104 367L130 550Z" id="g190-161"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.4,9.26)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-42"></use> </g> </g> </svg></span></span>哪里<svg height="11.8161pt" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-3.291121pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.52498 28.2389 11.8161" width="28.2389pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-74"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.433,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-69"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,13.766,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-87"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,22.992,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-108"></use> </g> </svg>虚拟机的序列号是和吗<svg height="12.0444pt" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-3.29106pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.75334 34.8546 12.0444" width="34.8546pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-78"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.583,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-74"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.016,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-81"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,23.335,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-84"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,29.608,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-108"></use> </g> </svg>表示的计算能力<svg height="9.51429pt" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-0.2063894pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 17.6893 9.51429" width="17.6893pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.539,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.582,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-105"></use> </g> </svg>虚拟机。</span></p> <p><span class="statement" id="deff3"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">定义3。</i></span>任务序列：<span class="equation_break" id="EEq6"><span class="left_break" id="L32"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M32"> <svg height="14.5707pt" id="M32-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 176.784 14.5707" width="176.784pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B32-1"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.91,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,23.18,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g119-1"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.03,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,35.1,10.593)"> <path d="M673 0V28C608 34 594 43 563 129C499 303 432 494 370 665L339 656L132 132C98 43 84 37 20 28V0H238V28C162 35 154 45 175 108C188 150 203 192 219 237H432C454 176 474 122 487 83S491 36 428 28V0H673ZM418 280H234C265 362 296 450 328 535H330L418 280Z" id="g190-66"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,43.87,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,48.59,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,55.14,13.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-50"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,60.09,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,65.23,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,72.3,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-66"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,81.08,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,85.8,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,92.35,13.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-51"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,97.3,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,102.44,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,107.58,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,112.73,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,117.9,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,123.04,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,130.11,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-66"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,138.89,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,143.61,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,150.16,13.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,153.22,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,158.36,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,163.5,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,168.64,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,173.82,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.5707pt" id="M32-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 54.774 14.5707" width="54.774pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B32-2"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.07,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-66"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,15.85,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.57,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,27.12,13.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-79"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,33.56,13.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,36.34,13.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,39.64,13.725)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.72,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g119-2"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,51.81,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.5707pt" id="M32-3" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.214 14.5707" width="38.214pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B32-3"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.18,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g117-173"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.68,10.593)"> <path d="M673 297H417L411 270C517 261 522 258 506 183L487 92C476 38 428 19 360 19C207 19 123 132 123 287C123 472 243 631 441 631C557 631 617 583 617 469L647 472C650 545 655 604 658 632C625 643 554 666 467 666C201 666 23 502 23 278C23 90 156 -16 339 -16C410 -16 501 6 569 24C566 43 567 70 573 101L589 183C604 259 607 262 667 271L673 297Z" id="g113-72"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,26.57,10.593)"> <path d="M645 631C614 643 545 666 457 666C215 666 23 519 23 283C23 90 158 -16 337 -16C412 -16 489 2 522 10C543 39 590 127 606 167L580 181C519 89 459 18 348 18C201 18 122 136 122 287C122 464 244 632 435 632C544 632 602 595 608 472L639 475C643 526 645 581 645 631Z" id="g113-68"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,35.25,10.593)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg class="alt_equation" height="37.9821pt" id="I32" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 179.08 37.9821" width="179.08pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0 0)" xlink:href="#B32-1"></use> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 12.14 23.42)" xlink:href="#B32-2"></use> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 76.83 23.42)" xlink:href="#B32-3"></use> </svg></span></span><span class="right_break" id="R32"> <svg class="label" height="11.44pt" id="M32-4" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.428 11.44" width="15.428pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B32-4"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,9.26)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-41"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.49,9.26)"> <path d="M143 344C173 483 265 547 326 576C363 593 402 605 434 611L429 641C389 634 343 623 301 608C195 570 43 456 43 236C43 81 135 -12 245 -12C368 -12 453 88 453 208C453 310 380 393 273 393C253 393 232 386 211 376L143 344ZM234 338C325 338 367 255 367 172C367 102 346 21 264 21C184 21 132 113 132 239C132 267 133 291 138 312C164 327 197 338 234 338Z" id="g190-227"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.93,9.26)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-42"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg class="alt_label" height="37.9821pt" id="IL32" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.49 37.9821" width="15.49pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0 13.06)" xlink:href="#B32-4"></use> </svg></span></span>哪里<svg height="9.48819pt" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-0.1802893pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 24.5269 9.48819" width="24.5269pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-79"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,9.202,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,13.167,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.886,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> </svg>表示需要在云中执行的任务数，以及<svg height="12.599pt" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-3.2911pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 26.904 12.599" width="26.904pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.821,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.488,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.207,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,23.749,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> </svg>表示<svg height="9.51429pt" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-0.2063894pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 14.6881 9.51429" width="14.6881pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,3.549,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.593,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-105"></use> </g> </svg>任务在任务序列。</span></p> <p><span class="statement" id="deff4"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">定义4。</i></span>任务预期完成时间。<br>该<svg height="8.98583pt" id="M36" style="vertical-align:-0.2324905pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.75334 24.2398 8.98583" width="24.2398pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M517 162C503 123 484 88 467 68C445 42 417 34 341 34C291 34 256 34 237 47C219 59 213 81 213 128V317H308C395 317 402 311 415 240H444V431H415C403 364 398 356 307 356H213V584C213 613 215 616 246 616H322C394 616 421 609 435 587C448 566 458 544 467 502L496 506C493 557 488 625 488 650H42V622C120 616 128 612 128 523V125C128 43 120 35 29 28V0H511C520 31 540 125 546 158L517 162Z" id="g190-70"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.384,0)"> <path d="M614 175C564 76 510 21 408 21C256 21 146 149 146 336C146 488 235 629 402 629C510 629 570 586 597 480L626 488C620 541 614 582 606 638C578 643 510 665 429 665C206 665 44 527 44 316C44 157 153 -15 402 -15C474 -15 558 5 586 11C604 45 629 119 643 165L614 175Z" id="g190-68"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.029,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> </svg>矩阵用于表示每个虚拟机资源上所有任务的完成时间。<span class="equation_break" id="EEq7"><span class="left_break" id="L37"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M37"> <svg height="67.6248pt" id="M37-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.051 67.6248" width="24.051pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B37-1"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,37.14)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-70"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.38,37.14)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-68"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.03,37.14)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="67.6248pt" id="M37-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 230.454 67.6248" width="230.454pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B37-2"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,37.14)"> <use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.26,22.721)"> <path d="M525 1652V1724H212V0H293V1488C293 1639 296 1652 402 1652H525Z" id="g119-41"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.26,30.289)"> <path d="M293 0V620H212V0H293Z" id="g119-49"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.26,37.858)"> <use xlink:href="#g119-49"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.26,45.426)"> <use xlink:href="#g119-49"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.26,67.517)"> <path d="M525 39V111H402C295 111 293 124 293 230V1733H212V39H525Z" id="g119-57"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.58,9.184)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-70"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,36.96,9.184)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-68"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,45.61,9.184)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,53.72,12.316)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-50"></use> </g> <g 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transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,137.05,9.184)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,142.2,9.184)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,157.5,9.184)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-70"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,164.88,9.184)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-68"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,173.53,9.184)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,181.64,12.316)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-50"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,186.07,12.316)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,188.22,12.316)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-79"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,194.71,12.316)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-119"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,198.95,12.316)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-110"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.58,27.214)"> <use 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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0 0)" xlink:href="#B44-1"></use> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 143.58 22.12)" xlink:href="#B44-2"></use> </svg></span></span><span class="right_break" id="R44"> <svg class="label" height="11.44pt" id="M44-3" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.728 11.44" width="19.728pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B44-3"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,9.25)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-41"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.5,9.25)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-213"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.82,9.25)"> <path d="M248 635C97 635 43 457 43 311C43 153 97 -12 247 -12S450 166 450 312C450 466 397 635 248 635ZM246 603C337 603 361 452 361 312S337 20 248 20S132 172 132 313C132 452 156 603 246 603Z" id="g190-254"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,15.23,9.25)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-42"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg class="alt_label" height="35.3919pt" id="IL44" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.81 35.3919" width="19.81pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0 11.76)" xlink:href="#B44-3"></use> </svg></span></span></span></p> <p><span class="statement" id="deff5"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">定义5。</i></span>匹配矩阵A.<br>我们可以得到矩阵A:<span class="equation_break" id="EEq11"><span class="left_break" id="L45"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M45"> <svg height="67.6248pt" id="M45-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 176.084 67.6248" width="176.084pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B45-1"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,37.14)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-66"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.65,37.14)"> <use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,23.91,22.721)"> <use 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transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,127.24,12.316)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-50"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,131.67,12.316)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,133.83,12.316)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-79"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,140.32,12.316)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-119"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,144.56,12.316)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-110"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,42.23,27.214)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,48.22,30.346)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-51"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,52.65,30.346)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,54.81,30.346)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-50"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,74.25,27.214)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,79.4,27.214)"> <use 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xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg class="alt_equation" height="67.6248pt" id="I45" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 176.08 67.6248" width="176.08pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0 0)" xlink:href="#B45-1"></use> </svg></span></span><span class="right_break" id="R45"> <svg class="label" height="11.44pt" id="M45-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.788 11.44" width="17.788pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B45-2"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,9.26)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-41"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.5,9.26)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-213"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.9,9.26)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-213"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,13.29,9.26)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-42"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg class="alt_label" height="67.6248pt" id="IL45" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.86 67.6248" width="17.86pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0 27.88)" xlink:href="#B45-2"></use> </svg></span></span>其中，<span class="nowrap"> <svg height="14.8173pt" id="M46" style="vertical-align:-5.52897pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 56.9234 14.8173" width="56.9234pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.993,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.541,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,10.698,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-107"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,18.773,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,30.036,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-124"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,34.547,0)"> <path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z" id="g113-49"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,40.787,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,45.93,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-50"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,52.17,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-126"></use> </g> </svg>。</span>和值<svg height="11.4899pt" id="M47" style="vertical-align:-5.52899pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 15.2632 11.4899" width="15.2632pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.993,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.541,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,10.698,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-107"></use> </g> </svg>指示任务是否编号<svg height="8.8423pt" id="M48" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 3.66193 8.8423" width="3.66193pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-106"></use> </g> </svg>在编号为的虚拟机上执行<span class="nowrap"> <svg height="12.0653pt" id="M49" style="vertical-align:-3.4294pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 5.61923 12.0653" width="5.61923pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M394 607C394 634 378 655 350 655C315 655 294 620 294 594C294 564 314 546 339 546C372 546 394 574 394 607ZM360 349C373 414 374 448 351 448C321 448 249 404 183 338L197 313C223 336 265 367 276 367C285 367 283 355 275 313C241 129 220 23 189 -102C175 -158 153 -197 124 -197C106 -197 85 -187 70 -177C64 -173 51 -177 44 -183C34 -193 23 -209 23 -228C23 -244 46 -261 67 -261C86 -261 127 -245 181 -197C237 -147 279 -52 303 66L360 349Z" id="g113-107"></path> </g> </svg>，</span>如果它是1，它被执行。</span></p> <h4 id="cga-algorithm">5. CGA算法</h4> <h5 id="sec5.1">5.1。算法思想</h5> <p>遗传算法的三种遗传操作影响了算法的收敛速度。本文主要考虑满足延迟和最小化总执行时间，改进遗传算法的选择操作、交叉操作和变异操作，在迭代过程中模拟生物进化的同时生成新一代种群。过程中的突变现象使得算法在不增加种群规模的情况下增加个体多样性，更容易摆脱最优局部陷阱。算法流程图如图所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>：</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig1"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="3967847.fig.001" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/sp/volume-2020/3967847/figures/3967847.fig.001.svgz"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图1</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 算法流程。</div> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec5.2">5.2。该算法的基本操作</h5> <h6 id="sec5.2.1">5.2.1。编码</h6> <p>在云计算调度问题，解决方案的编码通常使用二进制编码和实数编码，其中实数编码是多到一映射配对编码。本文和虚拟机的任务是由映射配对方法编码[<一个href="#B2">2</一个>]。例如，如果有<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M50" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 12.9526 8.68572" width="12.9526pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M962 650H795L470 145L347 650H176L170 622C268 613 275 606 244 503L190 322C150 188 132 126 118 91C102 50 80 33 18 28L12 0H245L251 28C175 35 170 48 174 93C177 128 191 180 220 284L292 542H294C331 392 383 150 409 4H432L774 555H776L714 137C700 40 694 34 612 28L606 0H868L874 28C793 34 784 37 797 137L849 533C859 612 863 616 956 622L962 650Z" id="g113-78"></path> </g> </svg>虚拟机，也就是说{<svg height="9.10848pt" id="M51" style="vertical-align:-3.291111pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.81737 83.9362 9.10848" width="83.9362pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M219 86C216 168 211 250 206 337C201 410 189 448 163 448C131 448 79 396 43 344L60 322C91 359 110 375 118 375S132 358 136 298C141 238 152 81 155 -12H182C242 62 331 177 390 258C435 321 451 360 451 391C450 424 432 448 408 448C390 448 372 435 366 419C362 410 362 401 366 394C373 383 376 367 376 350C376 283 262 138 221 86H219Z" id="g185-40"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.811,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-50"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.757,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,15.9,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g185-40"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,21.712,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-51"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,26.658,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.801,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g185-40"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,37.612,3.132)"> <path d="M290 377C321 398 342 415 358 430C378 450 389 473 389 502C389 578 329 635 238 635H237C184 635 137 610 109 578L64 515L88 493C112 529 154 573 208 573S303 542 303 482C303 409 233 370 141 341L149 308C165 313 190 319 215 319C272 319 341 283 341 193C342 98 292 43 222 43C163 43 122 72 96 94C88 101 79 100 70 94C61 87 47 73 46 60C44 47 48 37 62 23C76 10 118 -12 165 -12C238 -12 430 62 430 223C430 297 379 359 290 375V377Z" id="g50-52"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,42.558,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,47.702,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,52.845,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,57.988,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,63.164,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,68.307,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g185-40"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,74.118,3.132)"> <path d="M1006 650H829L492 147L357 650H174L166 618C270 609 275 601 247 502L194 315C158 189 136 127 122 96C104 56 80 37 18 32L12 0H256L263 32C181 40 176 51 183 98C188 132 197 179 226 281L299 541H301L433 6H458L809 551H811L753 141C739 41 734 39 650 32L642 0H917L923 32C836 39 827 41 839 142L887 535C896 610 901 612 997 618L1006 650Z" id="g50-78"></path> </g> </svg>}，和<svg height="8.8423pt" id="M52" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 11.0475 8.8423" width="11.0475pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-79"></use> </g> </svg>任务，也就是说{<svg height="12.599pt" id="M53" style="vertical-align:-3.2911pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 146.556 12.599" width="146.556pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.821,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.593,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,19.116,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-50"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,24.063,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.206,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,36.026,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,41.694,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,46.413,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,52.955,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-51"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,57.901,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,63.044,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,69.865,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,75.532,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,80.251,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,86.793,3.132)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-52"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,91.739,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,96.882,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,102.026,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,107.169,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,112.345,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,117.488,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,124.309,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,129.977,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,134.695,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-108"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,141.237,3.132)"> <path d="M504 89L488 119C453 85 428 69 416 69C408 69 405 75 412 102L462 304C492 438 460 451 436 451S388 441 356 423C311 397 229 336 170 256H168L189 340C208 418 200 451 177 451C144 451 82 413 24 352L40 322C65 345 98 369 108 369C114 369 119 363 112 335L28 -3L36 -12C54 -3 83 4 112 10C125 73 138 122 153 174C205 258 328 382 376 382C395 382 399 369 384 305L330 93C312 25 323 -12 351 -12C378 -12 439 21 504 89Z" id="g50-111"></path> </g> </svg>}，代码的长度为N，每个基因的值将来自<svg height="8.39864pt" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-0.04981995pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.34882 6.36303 8.39864" width="6.36303pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-50"></use> </g> </svg>到<span class="nowrap"> <svg height="8.68572pt" id="M55" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 12.9526 8.68572" width="12.9526pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-78"></use> </g> </svg>，</span>如图所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>：</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig2"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="3967847.fig.002" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/sp/volume-2020/3967847/figures/3967847.fig.002.svgz"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图2</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 编码。</div> </div> </div> <h6 id="sec5.2.2">5.2.2。健身功能</h6> <p>适应度函数表示个体在进化过程中的适应度。适应性越强，在进化过程中就越容易被保留。适应度函数直接影响算法的性能和能否达到目标。在本文中，我们需要考虑时间延迟和执行时间对个体适应度的影响。</p> <p>每个任务的执行时间和截止时间之间的区别：<span class="equation_break" id="EEq12"><span class="left_break" id="L56"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M56"> <svg height="29.4123pt" id="M56-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 157.804 29.4123" width="157.804pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B56-1"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,5.19,12.303)"> <use xlink:href="#g119-73"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,26.429)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,2.54,26.429)"> <use xlink:href="#g54-173"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.81,26.429)"> <path d="M297 -163V-131C189 -122 187 -119 187 -41V582C187 660 190 663 297 672V704H122V-163H297Z" id="g50-92"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,11.07,26.429)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-50"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,15.5,26.429)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,17.66,26.429)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,20.21,26.429)"> <path d="M237 -163V704H62V672C170 663 172 660 172 582V-40C172 -118 170 -122 62 -131V-163H237Z" id="g50-94"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,23.55,12.296)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,29.55,15.428)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,32.09,15.428)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,34.25,15.428)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-107"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.69,12.296)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-70"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,46.08,12.296)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-68"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,54.72,12.296)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,62.83,15.428)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,65.38,15.428)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-45"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,67.54,15.428)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-107"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,74.89,12.296)"> <path d="M535 230V280H323V490H265V280H52V230H265V-3H323V230H535Z" id="g117-36"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,85.42,12.296)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,93.71,6.033)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,92.6,16.08)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,95.42,16.08)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-115"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,98.8,16.08)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,102.71,16.08)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-111"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,111.15,12.296)"> <path d="M535 230V280H52V230H535Z" id="g117-33"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,121.68,12.296)"> <use xlink:href="#g121-99"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,127.21,12.296)"> <use xlink:href="#g121-118"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,133.37,12.296)"> <use xlink:href="#g121-110"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,144.61,12.296)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-85"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,151.78,15.428)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,154.84,12.296)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg class="alt_equation" height="29.4123pt" id="I56" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 157.8 29.4123" width="157.8pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0 0)" xlink:href="#B56-1"></use> </svg></span></span><span class="right_break" id="R56"> <svg class="label" height="11.44pt" id="M56-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.468 11.44" width="19.468pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B56-2"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,9.25)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-41"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.5,9.25)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-213"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.93,9.25)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-243"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.97,9.25)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-42"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg class="alt_label" height="29.4123pt" id="IL56" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.55 29.4123" width="19.55pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0 8.78)" xlink:href="#B56-2"></use> </svg></span></span></p> <p>基于延迟是否满足的惩罚因子:<span class="equation_break" id="EEq13"><span class="left_break" id="L57"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M57"> <svg height="60.4538pt" id="M57-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.792 60.4538" width="35.792pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B57-1"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,33.554)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-113"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.67,33.554)"> <path d="M518 50L491 51C452 54 444 60 444 110V444C429 441 405 437 377 434C348 430 314 427 287 426V403L323 397C356 392 365 386 365 333V99C331 66 293 51 257 51C212 51 169 75 169 164V299C169 366 169 413 172 444C156 441 128 437 101 433C75 430 50 427 29 426V403L57 397C82 391 90 386 90 333V137C90 29 147 -12 214 -12C241 -12 262 -4 291 13S342 48 365 65V-6L371 -12C390 -7 415 1 441 8C468 15 496 21 518 24V50Z" id="g190-118"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,13.57,33.554)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-111"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.68,33.554)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-106"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,24.13,33.554)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-116"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.85,33.554)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-105"></use> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="60.4538pt" id="M57-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 396.624 60.4538" width="396.624pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B57-2"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,33.554)"> <use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.26,15.351)"> <path d="M660 1109V1150C557 1150 406 1122 406 886V0H513V923C513 1011 529 1089 660 1109Z" id="g119-47"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.26,19.136)"> <path d="M513 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<svg class="alt_label" height="54.7699pt" id="IL58" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.72 54.7699" width="19.72pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <use transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0 21.45)" xlink:href="#B58-3"></use> </svg></span></span></p> <h6 id="sec5.2.3">5.2.3。提高轮盘选择</h6> <p>轮盘选择方法也被称为比例选择方法。其基本思路是，个体较大的适应性，越容易被选中。传统的轮盘赌法可以选择最好的个体，但不能保证最佳的个性化将保持到下一代，以及随后的交叉操作会破坏最好的个体。因此，本文结合轮盘赌的最佳个人在每一代保存以最大的健身个人直接到下一代，不参加交叉操作或突变操作。其余的人使用传统的轮盘赌选择子代群体。概率<svg height="12.7178pt" id="M59" style="vertical-align:-3.42947pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 27.2019 12.7178" width="27.2019pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <path d="M600 480C600 590 528 650 384 650H143L137 622C222 614 225 607 210 531L130 127C113 41 106 36 23 28L17 0H294L300 28C204 36 195 42 212 127L243 284L314 263C327 263 339 263 352 264C465 271 600 337 600 480ZM508 481C508 351 402 304 329 304C289 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</svg></span></span></p> <h6 id="sec5.2.4">5.2.4。交叉</h6> <p>传统遗传算法的交叉操作是根据交叉率选择要交叉的个体数，利用随机函数为每个交叉个体生成一个交叉操作<span class="inline_break"> <svg height="11.576pt" id="M61" style="vertical-align:-2.2681pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 38.129 11.576" width="38.129pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-115"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.823,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-98"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.413,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-111"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,17.471,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-101"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,24.427,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.925,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-50"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,35.165,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use> </g> </svg><span class="ipunc"></span><span class="nowrap"> <svg height="11.576pt" style="vertical-align:-2.2681pt" version="1.1" viewbox="40.2581838 -9.3079 11.217 11.576" width="11.217pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,40.308,0)"> <path d="M495 86L479 114C446 82 419 66 409 66C401 66 401 72 406 97C420 166 436 231 453 297C489 435 454 448 428 448C406 448 384 439 354 422C305 394 222 327 161 247H159L183 345C200 415 194 448 173 448C143 448 82 410 23 351L38 325C64 349 95 371 105 371C111 371 116 365 109 336L25 -4L31 -12C50 -4 77 3 107 9C119 69 132 122 145 168C197 254 321 381 370 381C387 381 393 374 378 305L329 95C309 17 320 -12 345 -12C372 -12 430 19 495 86Z" id="g113-111"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,46.835,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use> </g> </svg>，</span></span>和所述位置点被交换之后的两个染色体的片段映射。传统的交叉操作是容易产生交叉片段的高相似性，此时交叉意义变小的情况。为此，本文将跨门槛，且仅当超过阈值，交叉被认为是有意义的。否则，不会发生交叉。阈值大小代表相似基因在总基因的比例。这种操作主要是基于防止近亲繁殖，并在人类进化过程中优化后代的原则。在本文中，我们设置了阈值以0.8和交叉概率高于0.7，以避免减慢引起放弃交叉操作，因为相似性过高的收敛速度的速度。具体交叉操作示于图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig3/" target="_blank">3</一个>：</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig3"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig3"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="3967847.fig.003" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/sp/volume-2020/3967847/figures/3967847.fig.003.svgz"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图3</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 交叉路口。</div> </div> </div> <h6 id="sec5.2.5">5.2.5条。变化</h6> <p>突变运算符是一个非常重要的操作。有两个目的用于导入突变的遗传算法：一个是使遗传算法具有局部随机搜索能力。当遗传算法是接近通过交叉算子的最优解附近，用变异算局部随机搜索能力可以加速收敛到最优解[<一个href="#B30">30个</一个>]. 在这种情况下，变异概率应该取一个较小的值。二是使遗传算法能够保持群体的多样性，防止不成熟收敛。此时，突变概率应取较大值。变异概率通常取一个小值，一般不超过0.1。</p> <p>本文设置了两个变异值。当迭代次数达到2/3时，变异概率降低0.02。根据突变概率确定需要突变的个体数量，随机选择染色体上的两个位置，并交换基因值。在执行变异操作后，基因值可能没有改变，这相当于没有变异操作，并且对变异操作进行改进，以确保即使变异操作已经是小概率事件也可以执行。如果突变的两个基因值相同，则将第一个随机数加到1，让它对另一个基因点执行突变操作。如果第一个随机数仍然相同，则将该值增加一个，直到该值不同，以确保执行变异操作（见图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>）。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig4"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig4"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="3967847.fig.004" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/sp/volume-2020/3967847/figures/3967847.fig.004.svgz"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图4</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig4/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 变化。</div> </div> </div> <h6 id="sec5.2.6">5.2.6。灾难</h6> <p>进化多代后，组可能获得局部最优解。此时，该组蕴涵着大量的与当地最佳的信息，倾向于过早收敛和诸如交叉操作和变异操作由运营商跳出的可能性。它可以用一个大概率推出“大灾难”的策略，获得了一些有用的全球信息，并获得解决方案远离原来的地方，这样一个更大的多样性可以在更小的组大小来获得。它可以提供更多的机会来摆脱原来的局部最优解的。然而，灾难无法通过进化去所有的时间。我们应该考虑避免破坏了最佳的解决方案，并在后期重新优化的问题。</p> <p>遗传算法具有容易的缺点陷入局部最优和过早收敛[<一个href="#B31">31个</一个>]. 一旦陷入局部最优，就很难跳出来。为此，我们添加了文献中提到的灾难性策略[<一个href="#B28">28个</一个>]为了这份报纸。通过增加变异概率远离当前最优解，将远离当前最优解的解包含在种群中跳出最优局部解。算法中显示了灾难性操作<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/alg2/" target="_blank">2</一个>。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="alg2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-alg2"> <table class="algorithm-group"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="algorithm" id="alg2"> <tbody> <tr> <td>（1）</t型型d> <td>输入:突变阈值cat;</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（2）</t型型d> <td> 类别 = <i>一个</i>;</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（三）</t型型d> <td> For (<i>t型</i> = 0；<i>t型</i> < <i>G</i>/ 2;<i>t型</i>++）</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（四）</t型型d> <td> {</t型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（五）</t型型d> <td>如果(t. Bestfitness = (<i>t型</i>-1）。Bestfitness）</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（六）</t型型d> <td> {</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（7）</t型型d> <td> cat = cat−−;</t型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（8）</t型型d> <td> }</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（9）</t型型d> <td> 如果（类别 = 0）</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（十）</t型型d> <td> The first third variation;</t型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（11）</t型型d> <td> Else</t型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（12）</t型型d> <td> 继续循环；</t型型d> </tr> <tr> <td>（13）</t型型d> <td> }</t型型d> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">算法2</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/alg2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 灾难性的操作。</div> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec5.3">5.3条。任务分类与调度描述</h5> <p><span class="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">步骤1：根据算法对来自不同设备的所有任务进行分类<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/alg1/" target="_blank">1</一个>。</span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">步骤2：对于需要卸载到云中的任务，请按敏感度排序。根据虚拟机的计算能力对初始编码进行优化。</span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">步骤3：染色体编码和的参数的初始化。</span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">第四步:计算适合度。</span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">第5步:叠加代数加1。</span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">步骤6：判断<svg height="11.576pt" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-2.2681pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 44.3392 11.576" width="44.3392pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.498,0)"> <path d="M324 430H196L233 583L223 592L145 529L120 430H54L29 396L31 388H111L56 126C33 15 54 -12 77 -12C137 -12 214 57 250 95L233 119C208 92 155 59 138 59C126 59 120 70 131 125L186 390L298 394L324 430Z" id="g113-117"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.837,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g117-33"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.373,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-50"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.613,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,33.111,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,37.154,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-105"></use> </g> </svg>一代等于一代<svg height="9.51429pt" id="M63" style="vertical-align:-0.2063894pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 15.5754 9.51429" width="15.5754pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.433,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.477,0)"> <use xlink:href="#g190-105"></use> </g> </svg>一代人，如果是的话，灾难阈值会降低一个；否则，灾难阈值会继续。</span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">第7步：执行选择操作，交叉操作，和变异操作。</span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">步骤8：生成后代种群，并确定突变阈值cat是否等于0（在t/2迭代之前）。如果等于0，则执行灾难操作。</span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">步骤9：如果迭代次数达到最大值，则输出；否则，转到步骤4。</span></span></span></p> <h4 id="evaluation">6。评价</h4> <p>在该实验中，对于任务那需要在云中被处理，我们使用CloudSim 3.0实施的算法，通过将在DAtacenterBroker类的bindCloudletToVM方法;加入基于所述灾难遗传算法的算法CGA进行模拟实验。数据，诸如资源的计算能力和任务计算从在MATLAB随机生成的数据导出的。我们选择了不同的任务数，以及不同迭代次数的实验数据进行了分析，并用相同的数据条件下，基于时间的差分进化算法（TDE）和简单的遗传算法进行比较。该TDE算法基于差分进化（DE）的任务调度算法，最大限度地减少了完成时间。差分进化算法也是基于人群的启发式搜索算法。有差分进化算法和遗传算法之间的一个很大的相似性。它们都包括变异，交叉和选择操作，而这些操作的具体定义是由遗传算法不同。实验结果显示在图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig5/" target="_blank">五</一个>-<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig9/" target="_blank">9</一个>。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig5"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig5"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="3967847.fig.005" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/sp/volume-2020/3967847/figures/3967847.fig.005.svgz"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图5</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig5/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 演进200次迭代。</div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig6"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig6"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="3967847.fig.006" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/sp/volume-2020/3967847/figures/3967847.fig.006.svgz"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图6</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig6/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 执行时间-50任务。</div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig7"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig7"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="3967847.fig.007" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/sp/volume-2020/3967847/figures/3967847.fig.007.svgz"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图7</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig7/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 执行时间-200次迭代。</div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig8"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig8"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="3967847.fig.008" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/sp/volume-2020/3967847/figures/3967847.fig.008.svgz"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图8</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig8/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 演进200次迭代。</div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig9"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig9"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="3967847.fig.009" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/sp/volume-2020/3967847/figures/3967847.fig.009.svgz"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图9</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig9/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 延迟满意率。</div> </div> </div> <p>Parameter setting: crossover probability crossover = 0.8, maximum evolution algebra = 200, and mutation probability is 0.03, and in order to avoid errors as much as possible, this paper will perform ten times for each group of experiments and finally get the total task completion time. The experimental values are taken as the average of ten experiments.</p> <p>当任务数量较少时，最优效果不明显。然而，当任务数量较大时，算法的优化更为明显。但是，任务越多，卸载到云中的任务就越少，因为随着任务数量的增加，任务的执行时间也会变长。随着进化代数的增加，该算法收敛速度更快，节省时间。数据<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig5/" target="_blank">五</一个>和<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>给出了不同迭代次数下CGA算法、经典遗传算法和TDE算法的总任务执行时间和自适应值的变化。可见，经典遗传算法的效果最差。与其他算法相比，CGA算法使用较少的进化代数来获得更好的平均适应度。其中，本文还对初始种群进行了优化，CGA算法能够更快地找到最优解。众所周知，遗传算法得到的解可能不是最优的，但实验结果表明，CGA算法优于其他两种算法，更容易跳出局部最优，找到最优解。数字<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig7/" target="_blank">7</一个>和<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig8/" target="_blank">8</一个>比较了CGA算法和TDE算法。可以看出，CGA算法能够更好地实现本文的目标。</p> <p>根据实验结果，从图中可以看出<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/sp/2020/3967847/fig9/" target="_blank">9</一个>实验的延迟满足率在95%以上，能够满足要求。CGA算法的性能优于TDE算法。此外，CGA算法在任务完成时间和进化过程的收敛速度上均优于TDE算法，其收敛速度明显优于TDE算法和传统遗传算法。随着迭代次数的增加，CGA算法能更好地找到最优解，加快收敛速度。突变策略称为大灾变策略，旨在帮助人口跳出局部极值点[<一个href="#B27">27个</一个>]。由此可以看出，本文的灾难性的策略不会减慢收敛速度和破坏的最佳方向。相反，它可以帮助操作，不断优化人口，是不容易陷入局部最优。</p> <h4 id="conclusion-and-future-work">7.总结与展望</h4> <p>在边缘云协作方案的任务调度被认为是关键的挑战之一。无论任务在云中执行，它是如何在云计算计划是一个重要的问题。在过去，许多启发式和启发式任务调度策略已经在云计算或边缘计算使用。遗传算法具有独特的优势，传统的方法不解决复杂问题，如大空间，非线性和全局优化有。他们已被广泛应用于越来越多的领域。在本文中，我们提出了在规定的期限限制，其中的边缘设备，任务可以选择执行场所，包括云和本地设备任务调度策略。而我们的目标是尽量减少所有任务的执行时间。所述CGA算法以解决任务调度问题的另一种方法;该算法增加了灾难的策略吧。我们已经考虑了时间的限制[<一个href="#B5">五</一个>]优化了任务调度。CGA算法受冰期灭绝行为的启发，被用作一种全局优化算法[<一个href="#B10">10个</一个>]。</p> <p>我们提出的CGA算法是在CloudSim环境下模拟的，主要目标是最小化执行时间，满足延迟。研究结果与传统的遗传算法(GA)和基于时间的差分进化算法(TDE)的结果进行了比较。实验结果表明，该算法能有效地将任务调度到虚拟机中，达到了预期的目标。</p> <p>在未来，我们将考虑在更接近实际环境的条件下对算法进行改进，使该算法能够应用于边缘云协作中的动态实时任务调度。此外，我们希望建立一个多目标版本的CGA来优化云中的任务调度问题。基于CGA的工作流调度研究是下一步的研究方向。我们也可以挖掘或预测它的潜在关系[<一个href="#B32">32个</一个>-<一个href="#B34">34个</一个>]。此外，任务调度方法可以考虑许多其他参数，如内存使用、需求峰值和过载[<一个href="#B10">10个</一个>]。此外，我们可以将马尔可夫链与并行计算框架相结合，并将其应用于我们的模型[<一个href="#B35">35岁</一个>，<一个href="#B36">36个</一个>]。</p> <h4 id="data-availability">数据可用性</h4> <p>由于本文只处理时间和静态任务，因此我们使用随机生成的数据将其导出为任务长度的数据集。</p> <h4 id="conflicts-of-interest">利益冲突</h4> <p>作者宣称，有兴趣就本文发表任何冲突。</p> <h4 id="acknowledgments">致谢</h4> <p>感谢中国石油大学计算机科学与技术学院国际网络服务和生物计算创新团队的讨论和技术支持。本研究由国家自然科学基金（61572522、61873281、61572523）资助。</p> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="references" id="references">工具书类</h4> <ol> <li id="B1">M、 Satyanarayanan，“边缘计算”<i>电脑</i>卷。50，没有。10，第36-38，2017年。<span class="reflinks">查看位置：<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2017.3641639">发布者网站</一个><span class="sep">|</span><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Edge%20computing&author=M. 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Yang&publication_year=2018" target="_blank">谷歌学术</一个></span></li> </ol> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="copyright" id="copyright">版权</h4> <p>版权所有©2020蜀东王等人。这是下发布的开放式访问文章<一个rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">知识共享署名许可</一个>，其允许在任何介质无限制地使用，分发和再现时，所提供的原始工作正确的引用。</p> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 eyHfWh journal_article__BiblioIntegratorWidget-sc-12fk6zy-6 bqUtxN article_widget biblioWrapper hide"> <hr> <h4 class="biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 pYnJQ hrTitleRef">更多相关文章</h4> <div id="biblio_widget" class="biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 iuAHWW"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__RightWrapper-sc-1bf4078-2 sZeeW rightWrapper"> <div id="rightSectionMenu" class="sc-hZSUBg hwTmaF journal_article__StickyRight-sc-12fk6zy-0 xuPEv"> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyTopToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-1 iKpUSJ article_sticky_top_toolbar"> <div class="sc-jrIrqw deaPpH article_top_toolbar"> <div 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height="24"><span class="text">下载引文</span></span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje ggEPYc sc-fYiAbW eBEQa fileArrow" title="" role="presentation" 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src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">引文</span></span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje ggEPYc sc-fYiAbW eBEQa fileArrow" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="20"></a> </div> </div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-2 gvAMNw article_sticky_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-fyjhYU bmCmNg article_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-ugnQR bdNavy accordion" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__dofNav"> <span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje fEOMwM sc-iomxrj czMNsj" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-iFMziU gCiAsp">下载其他格式</span><span class="sc-keVrkP hYjHxB">更多的</span></span> <img alt="" class="sc-EHOje fEOMwM sc-dvCyap bivFoZ" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"> </div> <div class="sc-eIHaNI qcTAH"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-eTpRJs eqSlZb open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/sp/2020/3967847.epub" aria-label="ePub" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-dxZgTM jwQjXi"> 埃普布</div><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje fEOMwM sc-iomxrj czMNsj" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-eTpRJs eqSlZb open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/sp/2020/3967847.xml" aria-label="XML" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-dxZgTM jwQjXi"> XML格式</div><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje fEOMwM sc-iomxrj czMNsj" title="" role="presentation" 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height="24"><span class="sc-iFMziU gCiAsp">为了打印副本</span><span class="sc-keVrkP hYjHxB">订单</span></span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje cPuqxU sc-dvCyap bivFoZ right__icon" title="" role="presentation" 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src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="14">关于我们</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link contact_us" href="//www.newsama.com/about/contact/" aria-label="Contact us"><img alt="" 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href="//www.newsama.com/publishing-partnerships/" aria-label="Partnerships"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jRIjVn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="14">伙伴关系</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link blog" href="//www.newsama.com/blog/" aria-label="Blog"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jRIjVn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="14">博客</一个></li> </ul> <ul class="_2k5c8zEhMT-84kRD4oDgAz _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link journals" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/" aria-label="Journals"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jRIjVn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="14">期刊</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link article_processing_charges" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/authors/article-processing-charges/" aria-label="Article Processing Charges"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jRIjVn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="14">文章处理费用</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link subscriptions" href="//www.newsama.com/subscriptions/" aria-label="Subscriptions"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jRIjVn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="14">订阅</一个></li> </ul> <ul class="_2k5c8zEhMT-84kRD4oDgAz _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link authors" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/authors/" aria-label="Authors"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jRIjVn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="14">作者</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link editors" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/editors/" aria-label="Editors"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jRIjVn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="14">编辑</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link reviewers" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/reviewers/" aria-label="Reviewers"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jRIjVn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="14">评审员</一个></li> </ul> <ul class="_2k5c8zEhMT-84kRD4oDgAz _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link hindawi_xml_corpus" href="//www.newsama.com/hindawi-xml-corpus/" aria-label="Hindawi XML Corpus"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jRIjVn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0iOCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxNCIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDggMTQiPjxkZWZzPjxjbGlwUGF0aCBpZD0iYSI+PHBhdGggZD0iTTcsMi40MTRsNS4yOTMsNS4yOTNhMSwxLDAsMSwwLDEuNDE0LTEuNDE0bC02LTZhMSwxLDAsMCwwLTEuNDE0LDBsLTYsNkExLDEsMCwwLDAsMS43MDcsNy43MDdaIiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSg1IDgpIi8+PC9jbGlwUGF0aD48L2RlZnM+PGcgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoLTggMTkpIHJvdGF0ZSgtOTApIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNNywyLjQxNGw1LjI5Myw1LjI5M2ExLDEsMCwxLDAsMS40MTQtMS40MTRsLTYtNmExLDEsMCwwLDAtMS40MTQsMGwtNiw2QTEsMSwwLDAsMCwxLjcwNyw3LjcwN1oiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDUgOCkiLz48ZyBjbGlwLXBhdGg9InVybCgjYSkiPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIgZmlsbD0icmdiYSgwLDAsMCwwKSIvPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIgZmlsbD0iIzZiYTQzOSIvPjwvZz48L2c+PC9zdmc+" height="14">雷电竞APP</a></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link open_archives_initiative" href="//www.newsama.com/open-archives-initiative/" aria-label="Open 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