一氧化氮和环核苷酸:他们的角色在结动力学和精子发生

文摘

精子发生是一个高度复杂的过程中,功能的精子生成(单倍体,1 n)从原始的有丝分裂spermatogonia(二倍体,2 n)。这个过程包括几种类型的生殖细胞的分化和转换,精母细胞和精子进行减数分裂和分化。由于其复杂性和复杂性,睾丸具有内在机制来调节和规范生殖细胞发育的不同阶段下的亲密与滋养和间接合作和睾丸间质细胞,分别。此外,发展中生殖细胞必须把从基础到顶端(adluminal)精上皮的隔间。因此,广泛的结重组必须协助生殖细胞发生运动。在细精管,发现三个主要类型的连接即锚定连接,紧密连接和缝隙连接。其他少了连接desmosome-like连接和半桥粒连接。这些品种的连接类型,使用不同的监管机构监控结营业额睾丸。在无数的结调节器中,一氧化氮(NO)是一个杰出的候选人由于其通用性和广泛的下游网络。没有合成一氧化氮合酶(NOS)。 Three traditional NOS, specified as endothelial NOS (eNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and neuronal NOS (nNOS), and one testis-specific nNOS (TnNOS) are found in the testis. For these, eNOS and iNOS were recently shown to have putative junction regulation properties. More important, these two NOSs likely rely on the downstream soluble guanylyl cyclase/cGMP/protein kinase G signaling pathway to regulate the structural components at the tight junctions and adherens junctions in the testes. Apart from the involvement in junction regulation, NOS/NO also participates in controlling the levels of cytokines and hormones in the testes. On the other hand, NO is playing a unique role in modulating germ cell viability and development, and indirectly acting on some aspects of male infertility and testicular pathological conditions. Thus, NOS/NO bears an irreplaceable role in maintaining the homeostasis of the microenvironment in the seminiferous epithelium via its different downstream signaling pathways.

氧化医学和细胞寿命

文摘

版权

更多相关文章