文摘

过敏性疾病的历史可以追溯到1819年,当博斯托克描述了他自己的期刊感情的眼睛和胸部,他称之为“夏天粘膜炎”。因为他们认为这是由新干草的臭气,这个条件也被称为花粉热。之后的1873年,不确定花粉花粉热的因果关系发挥了重要作用。如今,过敏的定义是“一个弯曲的生理事件由各种不同的免疫反应”。在本文中,术语过敏将限制IgE-dependent反应。最重要的临床表现IgE-dependent反应是过敏性结膜炎,过敏性鼻炎、过敏性哮喘和过敏性皮炎。然而,本文将局限于过敏性鼻炎。过敏性炎症的组织病理学特征包括血流和血管通透性增加,导致血浆渗出和水肿的形成。此外,一连串的事件发生涉及多种炎症细胞。这些炎症细胞迁移的影响下受伤的网站和趋化因子诱导修复的过程。 Several types of inflammatory cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. After specific or nonspecific stimuli, inflammatory mediators are generated from cells normally found in the nose, such as mast cells, antigen-presenting cells and epithelial cells (primary effector cells) and from cells recruited into the nose, such as basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, platelets and neutrophils (secondary effector cells). This review describes the identification of each of the inflammatory cells and their mediators which play a role in the perennial allergic processes in the nose of rhinitis patients.