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no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;margin-top:10px;min-width:55px;display:none;} @media (min-width:768px){.gvEcCq .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .expand_btn{display:none;}} .gvEcCq .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{-webkit-flex:9;-ms-flex:9;flex:9;text-align:left;padding:21px 37px 10px 0px;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;} @media (min-width:768px){.gvEcCq .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 18px 10px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.gvEcCq .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 21px 10px 21px;}} .gvEcCq .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption 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no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;padding:16px 0 16px 0;min-width:62px;max-width:62px;} @media (min-width:768px){.gvEcCq .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:16px 0 17px 0;min-width:52px;max-width:52px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.gvEcCq .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:15px 0 17px 0;min-width:60px;max-width:60px;}} .gvEcCq .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;} .gvEcCq .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{font-size:14px;padding:0px 18px 17px 22px;} @media (min-width:768px){.gvEcCq .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 15px 15px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.gvEcCq .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 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height="24"><span class="text">提交</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored undefined icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-krDsej ewCAZX hide__submenu journalSubmenuCheck" id="journalnav__submenu"> <button class="sc-itybZL kdvWPs journalSubmenuCheck"><span class="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-fzsDOv hAFFGk journalSubmenuCheck icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span></button> </div> <div class="sc-dTdPqK lkWWFY hide__submenu journal__nav__desktop" id="journalnav__submenudesktop"> <div order="0" class="sc-kUaPvJ ehYbwJ"> <div class="sc-gPWkxV legory"></div> <div class="sc-gPWkxV legory"></div> </div> <div class="sc-jVODtj epgILe"></div> <span class="sc-fONwsr kCfRMJ"></span> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="sc-nrwXf byflLi breadcrumb__wrapper journal_article__BreadCrumbStyle-sc-12fk6zy-2 bjwAQR article"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-eitiEO jXeALb breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/" aria-label="Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry">分析方法在化学杂志》上</一个>/<一个cl一个年代年代=”年代c-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-eitiEO jXeALb breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/contents/year/2009/" aria-label="2009">2009年</一个>/<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”年代c-bhlBdH UVThf">文章</年代p一个n></d我v><d我vclass="threeColumn__ThreeColumnWrapper-sc-1bf4078-0 dDyxFF threeColumnWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__LeftWrapper-sc-1bf4078-1 fkVFlF leftWrapper"> <button type="button" class="sc-eKZiaR dzZrgS section__button " id="sectionButton"><span class="sc-htoDjs diutvq icon__dots dots__detector icon-colored _3n-7Ho7DlfjMlZbrRr9Q4a icon-themeable" title="" font-size="22"></span>文章部分</button> <div class="sc-bEjcJn jLUVhb static_contents__section_links links__hidden "> <div id="leftSectionMenu" class="sc-cbkKFq prcY sc-bGbJRg dVCLgr left_section_menu"> <p>在这一页上</p><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#abstract" aria-label="">文摘</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#introduction" aria-label="">介绍</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#results-and-discussion" aria-label="">结果与讨论</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#conclusion" aria-label="">结论</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#references" aria-label="">引用</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#copyright" aria-label="">版权</一个></年代p一个n></d我v> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ContentWrapper-sc-1bf4078-3 bbzREB contentWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__Content-sc-1bf4078-4 jknsZc content"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-0 eSvjPB article_contents"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 jntdRu article_contents__sections_wrapper"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 hAzjHP"> <div class="sc-chbbiW mBGSe article_header_class"> <p class="sc-kZmsYB bkiEfx article_type">研究文章|开放获取</p><d我vcl一个年代年代=”年代c-RcBXQ ztvYg article_citation"> 体积 2009年 <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</年代p一个n>文章的ID 927426年 <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</年代p一个n><一个cl一个年代年代="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fQejPQ duuwge" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/927426" aria-label="Doi-link">https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/927426</一个></d我v><d我vcl一个年代年代="sc-LKuAh lcOiDF article_full_citation"> <div class="sc-hzNEM gsmOCv isHide"> <p>迪亚布Mokeddem, Abdelhafid Khellaf, ”<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”一个dju年代t-article-svg-size">最优解Multiproduct批化学过程使用多目标遗传算法和专家决策系统</年代p一个n>”,<i>分析方法在化学杂志》上</我>, 卷。2009年, 文章的ID927426年, 9   页面, 2009年。 https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/927426</p></d我v><button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iBEsjs kPshFw" color="">显示引用</button> </div> <h1 class="sc-iRbamj jZOxOO sc-iSDuPN kEVvRd article_title adjust-article-svg-size heading-title">最优解Multiproduct批化学过程使用多目标遗传算法和专家决策系统</h1> </div> <div class="sc-jrIrqw eHMFfo article_authors"> <hr class="sc-cEvuZC XkrFe hr__author"> <span class=""><b>迪亚布Mokeddem</b><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail Option"><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-hjRWVT irNWJI icon-colored _2zt-1j0LmaF8UjTQAM413G icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a><sup>1</年代up>和</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="">Abdelhafid Khellaf<年代up>1</年代up></年代p一个n><d我v class="sc-fHxwqH dMuGGA isHide"> <p><sup>1</年代up><年代p一个n>大学电子系,工学院,恩恩19000年阿尔及利亚</年代p一个n></p></d我v> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iQtOjA kfDwZY" color="">显示更多</button> </div> <div class="articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 evMkvU"> <div class="articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 fYrLtk"> <b>学术编辑器:</b>彼得•斯托克</d我v><d我vcl一个年代年代=”一个rt我cleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 fjviok"> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">收到了</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">09年2月2009年</年代p一个n></d我v><d我vclass="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">接受</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2009年3月3日</年代p一个n></d我v><d我vclass="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC isPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">发表</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">02年6月2009年</年代p一个n></d我v></d我v> </div> <article class="sc-jtRlXQ gvEcCq article_body "> <div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">文摘</h4> <p>优化设计问题是广为人知的多个性能措施,常常互相竞争。在这篇文章中,一个最优multiproduct批化工厂设计。设计首先制定作为一个多目标优化问题,需要解决使用适合的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)。NSGA-II有能力实现微调的变量在确定一组非支配解沿着帕累托分布在一个运行的算法。NSGA-II能力确定一组最优解为决策者DM提供了一个完整的图片的最优解空间来获得更好的和适当的选择。然后一个级别高于PROMETHEE法II帮助决策者确定最佳妥协的选择。multiojective NSGA-II方法优化问题的有效性是通过两个谨慎引用的例子说明。</p><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction">1。介绍</h4> <p>批处理流程是用于许多少量但高附加值产品的生产(如特种化学品、医疗、食品、农药、<我>…</我>等),因为今天的以市场为导向的环境中操作的灵活性。这些产品的工厂通常涉及多步合成(<一个href="#B1">1</一个>]。此外,如果两个或两个以上的产品需要类似的处理步骤,同一套设备至少被认为是经济的原因。一批工厂生产多种产品分为multiproduct植物或一种多用途植物。Multiproduct工厂生产多种产品后序贯相似的配方。在这样一个工厂,所有的产品遵循同样的路径通过过程和一次只生产一个产品。每个步骤是进行单一或几个并行设备的单位。处理其他产品使用相同的设备进行连续生产经营或活动。多用途植物,每个产品遵循一个或多个不同的加工路径;所以可能产生一个以上的产品同时在这样的植物。目前的工作是为了multiproduct批植物的最优设计问题。</p><p>米ult我product植物在传统优化设计,每个产品的生产要求和所有产品的总生产时间和指定。所需数量,体积,和大小在每个阶段的并行设备单位然后决心减少投资。应该强调,批plantsdesign长时间已经确定为一个关键的问题在化学工程在文献[<一个href="#B2">2</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B9">9</一个>]。配方配料车间的设计一般包括数学规划方法,如线性规划(LP)、非线性规划(NLP),混合整数线性规划(MILP)或混合整数非线性规划(适应)。数学规划或不同的优化技术,如分支界限法,启发式遗传算法,模拟退火,彻底被用来推导最优解。</p><p>然而,事实上multiproduct设计问题可以制定为一个多目标优化设计问题,寻求减少投资、经营成本、和总生产时间,,同时,收入最大化。回想一下,没有多少工作已经在文献中报道的多目标优化设计multiproduct搅拌设备。黄和王<一个href="#B10">10</一个>]介绍了多目标模糊决策的方法multiproduct搅拌设备的优化设计问题。单调递增或递减一个隶属函数用于定义每一个目标函数的满意度问题就代表了一个增广极大极小问题制定适应模型。获得一个独特的解决方案,适应问题是利用混合微分进化技术解决。Dedieu et al。<一个href="#B11">11</一个>)提出了两阶段方法的开发多目标配料车间设计和改造根据多种标准。作者用了一个多目标遗传算法基于一个简略的结合遗传算法和一种帕累托程序提出几个植物结构和离散事件模拟评估技术可行性建议的配置。</p><p>在多个目标的情况下,一个最佳的解决方案对所有目标可能不存在。在大多数情况下,目标函数是冲突的,因为为了减少任何目标函数,我们需要增加其他的目标函数。最近,Solimanpur et al。<一个href="#B12">12</一个>)开发了一个复杂的多目标整数规划模型,考虑目标是最大化总相似的零件,加工总成本的最小化,最小化的总处理时间和最小化总投资收购所需的机器(<一个href="#B13">13</一个>]。</p><p>多个目标的存在的问题通常产生一个家庭nondominated解决方案,在很大程度上被称为<我>帕累托最优</我>解决方案,任何解决方案的每个目标组件沿着帕累托面前只能提高了降解的至少一个其他目标组件。以来所有的解决方案在nondominated绝对是比任何其他,任何其中一个是一个可接受的解决方案。很难选择任何特定解决方案多目标优化问题没有迭代与决策者的交互(DM) [<一个href="#B14">14</一个>)一般方法是建立第一个整个的帕累托最优解决方案,在外部决策者(DM)直接干预了交互式多目标优化循环中的信息(<一个href="#B15">15</一个>]。所以,一个令人满意的解决方案的问题是发现一旦知识是后天获得的<一个href="#B16">16</一个>]。Promethee法二世(偏好等级组织方法浓缩Evaluations-2nd版)是一个流行的决策方法,已成功应用于多目标优化问题的最终解决方案的选择。它生成可用的分,排名根据DM偏好,和最好的排名被认为是最喜欢的最终解决方案。它是基于级别高于关系的概念,这是每一对之间的二元关系定义<年代vg height="13.45" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:32.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.237499 13.45" width="32.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.440005" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.641253" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.517662" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的选择,这样,如果<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.1750002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是首选<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.4749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.4749999 10.7375" width="7.4749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>根据DM(利益),然后说<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:13.175px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.175 7.1750002" width="13.175" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>那个<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.4749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.4749999 10.7375" width="7.4749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。当这些关系之间定义所有成对的替代品,他们利用根据一些规则为了排名所有解决方案从最好到最差。</p><p>第一个遗传算法提出了多目标优化是织女星<一个href="#B17">17</一个>]。这是一个基于nonPareto方法的基础上,选择一些相关组织的个体,每一组被关联到一个给定的目标。据报道,该方法往往在极端的解决方案空间群的结果,往往屈服于贫穷收敛的帕累托。最近的一个算法,基于数值的加权和功能,提出了Ishibuchi和日本村田公司<一个href="#B18">18</一个>重量是随机选择的)。许多成功的进化多目标优化算法是基于戈德堡(建议的两种观点<一个href="#B19">19</一个>]:帕累托支配和小生境。帕累托的主导地位是用来利用搜索空间的方向帕累托前和小生境技术探讨了搜索空间的面前保持多样性。这个类别中的著名的算法包括多目标遗传算法:(分公司)<一个href="#B16">16</一个>外),帕累托遗传算法:(NPGA) (<一个href="#B20">20.</一个>),强度帕累托进化算法(说):[<一个href="#B21">21</一个>),多目标进化算法:(MOEA) (<一个href="#B22">22</一个>),Nondo米我n一个ted排序遗传算法(NSGA)斯和黛比提出的<一个href="#B23">23</一个>)是第一个进化算法求解多目标优化问题。尽管NSGA已成功应用,这种方法的主要批评是其nondominated排序计算复杂度高,缺乏精英主义,需要指定一个可协调的参数称为共享参数。最近,Deb et al。<一个href="#B24">24</一个>NSGA]报道了一种改进的版本,他们称之为NSGA-II来解决上述问题。</p><p>本研究的目的是扩展这种方法解决多目标最优控制问题的框架下NSGA-II。说明了该方法的效率,解决多目标优化问题。</p><h4 id="formulation-of-the-multiobjective-problem">2。制定的多目标问题</h4> <p>multiproduct批植物覆盖的问题在本文中可以定义通过假设植物由一序列<年代vg height="10.325" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:17.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.237499 10.325" width="17.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>用于生产的批处理阶段<年代vg height="10.325" id="M7" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8375 10.325" width="14.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>不同的产品。在每个阶段<我>j</我>有<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:24.174999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.174999 16.2875" width="24.174999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.78,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.14,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>相同的单元并行操作的阶段,每一个都有大小<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:14.65px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.65 16.2875" width="14.65" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>。</我>每个产品<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>遵循相同的一般处理序列。</p><p>批量传输从一个阶段到下一个没有任何耽搁,我们考虑一个零等待操作政策。</p><p>传统multiproduct搅拌设备的设计,旨在减少投资成本的确定最优数量,需要数量和规模的并行设备单位指定在每个阶段每个产品的生产要求和总生产时间。然而,在现实中设计师认为不仅减少投资,而且减少运营成本和总生产时间最大化收入,同时进行</p><p><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="equation" id="Eq1"> <svg height="175.52499" id="M11" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 175.52499" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,175.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,68.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.67,57.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.115167" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.666498" y="0"> x</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,94.9,49.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,102.35,47.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.65,49.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,112.87,47.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,116.18,49.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,124.46,47.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.9,49.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.9,47.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.4299998" y="1.6"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.27,49.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.29,47.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.74,49.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.69,57.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.890833" y="0"> v</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.142332" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.693665" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.945166" y="0"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.196667" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.211327" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.251717" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.89,54.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.23,57.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="6.5599999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,274.42,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="15.29"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="15.29"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="15.29"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.02,57.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.389513" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,302.52,54.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,305.74,57.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,315.5,54.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.72,57.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="155.39999" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="159.56349" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="165.815" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-221.14999" y="37.759998"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-210.03484" y="37.759998"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-206.55901" y="37.759998"> n</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,73.76,11.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,81.21,9.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,84.51,11.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,91.73,9.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,95.04,11.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,103.32,9.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.76,11.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,112.76,9.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.4299998" y="1.6"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,120.13,11.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,129.15,9.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,131.6,11.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.21,19.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.039909" y="0"> v</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.991337" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.542669" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.306313" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.782146" y="0"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.50948" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.060814" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.312313" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.901394" y="0"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.452724" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.704224" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.48037" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.407036" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.447418" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.61,16.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.95,19.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="6.5599999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.15,28.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="15.28"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="15.28"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="15.28"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,293.42,19.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,304.06,16.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,308.49,19.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,315.54,16.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,319.97,19.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,329.97,27.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,336.06,25.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,327.16,15.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,339.86,19.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="134.25999" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="138.42349" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="144.675" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-275.48999" y="42.130001"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-264.37485" y="42.130001"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-260.89899" y="42.130001"> n</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,40.57,-30.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,48.01,-32.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,51.32,-30.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,58.54,-32.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,61.85,-30.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,70.12,-32.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,72.57,-30.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,79.57,-32.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.4200001" y="1.6"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,86.94,-30.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,95.96,-32.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,98.4,-30.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.35,-22.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> O</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.278666" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.829998" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.980993" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.532326" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.00816" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.483994" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.735493" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.100243" y="0"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.651573" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.903076" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.679222" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.618385" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.646271" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.95,-25.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.29,-22.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="6.5500002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,249.49,-13.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="15.29"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="15.29"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="15.29"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.16,-29.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,281.31,-13.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="15.29"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="15.29"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="15.29"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,295.59,-22.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,303.98,-25.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,310.23,-27.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,315.23,-11.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,324.99,-14.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 315.23,-19.44 14.19,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,316.36,-31.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.06,-34.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,333.39,-22.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,353.13,-25.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,357.13,-27.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,360.07,-22.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,369.84,-25.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,373.06,-22.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.06" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="105.2235" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="111.475" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-263.28" y="31.77"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-252.16483" y="31.77"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-248.689" y="31.77"> n</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,85.98,-62.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.42,-64.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,96.73,-62.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,103.95,-64.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,107.26,-62.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.53,-64.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.98,-62.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,124.98,-64.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.4200001" y="1.6"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.35,-62.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.37,-64.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,143.81,-62.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.76,-54.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> T</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.890833" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.366667" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.917999" y="0"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.557331" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.80883" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.972332" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.223831" y="0"> d</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.47533" y="0"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.72683" y="0"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.27816" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.753998" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.229828" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.481331" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.896332" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.372162" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="95.848" y="0"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="105.57533" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.6025" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.64288" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,296.35,-57.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,304.7,-54.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.943005" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="169.42" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="173.5835" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="179.83499" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>所以,多目标问题包括确定以下参数:</p><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(我)</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="list-content"> <svg height="16.2875" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:18.9625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.9625 16.2875" width="18.9625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.31,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的平行单位数量的阶段<年代vg height="12.675" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:10.1125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.1125 12.675" width="10.1125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.863667" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(2)</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="list-content"> <svg height="16.2875" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:14.65px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.65 16.2875" width="14.65" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>所需的体积单位的阶段<年代vg height="12.675" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:7.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.1374998 12.675" width="7.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(3)</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="list-content"> <svg height="14.3625" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:15.025px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.025 14.3625" width="15.025" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.25,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>批产品的大小<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>结束的时候<年代vg height="10.325" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:17.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.237499 10.325" width="17.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>阶段,</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(iv)</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="list-content"> <svg height="14.3625" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:23.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.8125 14.3625" width="23.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.8766499" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.22,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>产品的周期时间<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(v)</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="list-content"> <svg height="14.575" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:16.35px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.35 14.575" width="16.35" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.34)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.19,60.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>产品的生产要求<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>而且,</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(vi)</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="list-content"> <svg height="10.325" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:15.175px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.175 10.325" width="15.175" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>总生产时间,</年代p一个n></年代p一个n></span> <p>而满足一定的约束条件,如体积、时间等等。</p><p>约束表达如下:</p><p>(<一个href="#Eq1">1</一个>)<我>体积约束。</我>体积<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:18.1625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.1625 16.2875" width="18.1625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.95,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>必须能够处理所有的产品吗<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:</p><p><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="equation" id="Eq5"> <svg height="17.012501" id="M29" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 17.012501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.28,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,101.41,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,108.56,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.26,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.95,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,143.18,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.61,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.329638" y="0"> ∀</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.331318" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.695583" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.735973" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.987473" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.188721" y="0"> …</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.779724" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.993477" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.63353" y="0"> ;</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.52436" y="0"> ∀</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.52604" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="116.86554" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="128.90593" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="135.15742" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="140.35867" y="0"> …</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="154.94968" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="160.16344" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="172.72894" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="326.51001" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="330.67349" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="336.92499" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>(<一个href="#Eq1">2</一个>)<我>时间约束。</我>可用所有产品生产时间的总和不超过净总时间生产</p><p><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="equation" id="Eq6"> <svg height="37.0625" id="M30" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 37.0625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,37.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-42.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.03,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.19,63.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="15.28"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="15.28"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="15.28"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.97,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.74,60.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 193.97,57.5 12.99,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.5,45.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.21,42.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.15,54.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.03,51.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.23,49.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.64,54.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.943005" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="246.48" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="250.64349" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="256.89499" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>(<一个href="#Eq1">3</一个>限制产品的周期时间<我>我</我>:</p><p><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="equation" id="Eq7"> <svg height="37.174999" id="M31" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 37.174999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,37.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-42.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,99.99,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,106.39,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 99.23,58.95 15.07,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,99.23,47.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,109.87,43.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.97,55.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.88,52.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.08,50.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.02,55.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.329638" y="0"> ∀</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.331318" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.695583" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.735973" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.987473" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.201225" y="0"> …</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.779724" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.993477" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.63353" y="0"> ;</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="97.360863" y="0"> ∀</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="104.36254" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.70204" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="124.74243" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="130.99393" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.19518" y="0"> …</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="150.78618" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="155.99992" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="168.56544" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="327.10001" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="331.26349" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="337.51498" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>(<一个href="#Eq1">4</一个>)<我>尺寸约束</我>。每一个单元都有限制允许的范围</p><p><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="equation" id="Eq8"> <svg height="51.724998" id="M32" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 51.724998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,51.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-30.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,124.1,61.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.1,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.8099999" y="8.6999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.27,61.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.5,58.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.4,61.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.44,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.8099999" y="8.8100004"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.07,61.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-75.959999" y="25.120001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.329638" y="0"> ∀</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.331318" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.670818" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.711208" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.962708" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.17646" y="0"> …</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.754959" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.968704" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.534225" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.31,41.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.5" y="8.6899996"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.48,36.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.22,32.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.12,36.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.36,41.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.5" y="8.8000002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.99,36.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.329638" y="0"> ∀</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.331318" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.670818" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.711208" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.962708" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.163956" y="0"> …</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.754959" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.968704" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.608765" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="272.13" y="-12.07"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="276.29349" y="-12.07"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="282.54501" y="-12.07"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <h4 id="elitist-nondominated-sorting-genetic-algorithm-(nsga-ii)">3所示。精英Nondominated排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)</h4> <p>NSGA II帕累托排名算法是一个精英Deb et al。<一个href="#B24">24</一个>系统和维护外部存档帕累托的解决方案。与简单遗传算法寻找独特的解决方案,多目标遗传算法试图找到尽可能多的帕累托集的元素。NSGA-II的情况下,这是提供与运营商允许它知道nondominance水平的解决方案以及亲密的品位与其他解决方案;这允许它探索可行域内广泛。</p><p>在一次简短的形式,多目标遗传算法的功能NSGA-II可以通过以下步骤进行描述。</p><p><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="statement" id="head1"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">快Nondominated排序</我></年代p一个n><br>一个非常有效的程序,用于安排解决方案方面(nondominated安排),按照因材施教的价值观。这是实现,为每个解决方案创建两个实体。统治计数<年代vg height="12.925" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:17.775px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.775 12.925" width="17.775" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.66)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.74,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.96,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>解决方案,主导解决方案的数量<年代vg height="9.875" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.7624998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.7624998 9.875" width="7.7624998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和一组(<年代vg height="16.475" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:16.25px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.25 16.475" width="16.25" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.82)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.82,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>),包含解决方案为主导<年代vg height="9.875" id="M36" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.7624998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.7624998 9.875" width="7.7624998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。解决方案的第一前线的更高的地位nondominance帕累托的意义。</年代p一个n></p><p><span class="statement" id="head2"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">多样性保护</我></年代p一个n><br>这是实现,通过计算拥挤程度或亲密的每个解决方案内的人口。这个量,通过计算两个点的平均距离两边的一个特解的每一个目标。这个数量是估计的长方体周边,形成了通过使用最近的邻居顶点。经营者也有,叫Crowded-Comparison (<年代vg height="12.4375" id="M37" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:21.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.237499 12.4375" width="21.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,65.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≺</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.91,62.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>),该指南的遗传算法,对帕累托最优,符合以下标准:<br><span class="equation" id="eq1"> <svg height="49.775002" id="M38" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 49.775002" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,49.775)"> <g transform="translate(72,-32.18)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,99.4,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.888433" y="0"> ≺</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.33,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,128.51,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.009998" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.860001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.940845" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.416679" y="0"> f</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.26,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.8969121" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.7828002" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.1588" y="0"> k</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.76,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> <</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.67,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.8969121" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.7828002" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.1588" y="0"> k</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.7,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-106.63" y="24.34"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-100.78" y="21.83"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-123.3" y="21.83"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-117.0485" y="21.83"> r</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.81,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.8969121" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.7828002" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.1588" y="0"> k</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.31,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.21,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.905664" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.7915521" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.167552" y="0"> k</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.25,34.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.490002" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.34" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.18" y="-2.51"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.731333" y="-2.51"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.982832" y="-2.51"> d</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.48,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> d</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> d</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.185056" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.705632" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="17.59152" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="21.96752" y="0"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="25.853409" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.19,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ></t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,277.09,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> d</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.15232" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.664144" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.550032" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="20.926031" y="0"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="24.81192" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,306.29,34.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="167.83" y="-14.68"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="171.9935" y="-14.68"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="178.245" y="-14.68"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>按照以前的标准,两个nondominated之间的解决方案,我们喜欢的解决方案更好的排名。否则,如果这两个解决方案都属于同一战线,然后,我们喜欢的解决方案,它坐落在一个较小的拥挤的地区。</年代p一个n></p><p><span class="statement" id="head3"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">最初的循环</我></年代p一个n><br>最初,一个随机父人口(<年代vg height="14.3625" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:15.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.0375 14.3625" width="15.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)的大小<年代vg height="10.325" id="M40" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8375 10.325" width="14.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>被创建。后来这个任命,使用nondominated安排的过程。然后通常的二进制锦标赛选择、重组和变异算子是用来创建一个新的人口(<年代vg height="14.6125" id="M41" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:18.424999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.424999 14.6125" width="18.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.31)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.19,60.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>),大小<年代vg height="10.325" id="M42" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8375 10.325" width="14.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。</年代p一个n></p><p><span class="statement" id="head4"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">主循环</我></年代p一个n><br>NSGA-II过程可以解释,通过描述<我>th</我>代就像显示在图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>。过程始于的结合<年代vg height="14.3375" id="M43" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:13.45px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.45 14.3375" width="13.45" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.55" id="M44" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:16.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.375 14.55" width="16.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.36)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.19,60.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>形成一个新的人口<年代vg height="14.3375" id="M45" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:15.7375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.7375 14.3375" width="15.7375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,那么人口<年代vg height="14.3375" id="M46" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:15.7375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.7375 14.3375" width="15.7375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>使用nondomination分类标准。因为以前所有和当前人口成员中包括<年代vg height="14.3375" id="M47" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:15.7375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.7375 14.3375" width="15.7375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>精英主义是保证。人口<年代vg height="14.3375" id="M48" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:15.7375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.7375 14.3375" width="15.7375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>有一个大小<年代vg height="10.6875" id="M49" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:22.65px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.65 10.6875" width="22.65" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.45)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>后来,nondominated解决方案的不同方面,创建<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M50" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:15.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.875 14.2375" width="15.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.22,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>包含更好的排名前面的解决方案。图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>表明,过程中形成了新的人口<年代vg height="14.6875" id="M51" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:26.424999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.424999 14.6875" width="26.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7393761" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7344961" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,该算法需要方面的所有成员<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M52" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:15.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.875 14.2375" width="15.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.22,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M53" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:15.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.875 14.2375" width="15.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.22,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和前面的一些元素<年代vg height="14.3875" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:15.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.875 14.3875" width="15.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.22,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>;这是,因为<我>N</我>解决方案需要完全新的人口<年代vg height="14.6875" id="M55" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:26.424999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.424999 14.6875" width="26.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7393761" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7344961" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>准确地找到他们<年代vg height="10.325" id="M56" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8375 10.325" width="14.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>解决方案,最后是注定,这个描述数字3,安排降序排列的解决方案通过拥挤的比较(<年代vg height="12.4375" id="M57" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:21.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.237499 12.4375" width="21.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,65.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≺</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.91,62.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>),并选择最好的解决方案需要填补所有人口插槽。后的人口<年代vg height="14.6875" id="M58" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:26.424999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.424999 14.6875" width="26.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7393761" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7344961" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>、遗传算子的选择、交叉和变异,用于创建新的人口<年代vg height="14.9" id="M59" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:29.3375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 29.3375 14.9" width="29.3375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.9)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.08)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.19,60.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7393761" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7344961" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的大小<年代vg height="10.325" id="M60" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8375 10.325" width="14.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。最后提到的选择过程中,拥挤的使用比较运算符。</年代p一个n></p><d我vclass="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig1"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="927426.fig.001" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.001.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图1</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> NSGA II过程。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="description-of-the-process">4所示。过程的描述</h4> <p>证明的有效性NSGA-II配料车间流程给出了两个例子。第一个例子是关于一批植物组成的三个处理阶段(混合器、反应器和离心机)生产两种产品,a和B,第二个例子把四个处理阶段(混合器、反应器、提取和离心机)生产三种产品,B和c .示例1和2的数据说明,分别在表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>和<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/tab2/" target="_blank">2</一个>(处理时间、大小因素的单位和每个产品成本)。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代=”flo一个ts-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab1"> <table class="table-group" id="tab1"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="center" colspan="4">处理时间,<年代vg height="16.75" id="M61" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36.487499 16.75" width="36.487499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.6)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.55,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.4,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.37773" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="center" colspan="3">产品单价(美元/公斤)</td></tr><tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">产品</td><td一个l我gn="center">混合机</td><td一个l我gn="center">反应堆</td><td一个l我gn="center">离心机</td><td一个l我gn="center">产品</td><td一个l我gn="center"><span style="width: 16.5875px;"> <svg height="16.3375" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.5875 16.3375" width="16.5875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.93)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 16.700001px;"> <svg height="14.4875" id="M63" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.700001 14.4875" width="16.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">一个</td><td一个l我gn="center">8</td><td一个l我gn="center">20.</td><td一个l我gn="center">4</td><td一个l我gn="center">一个</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.35</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.08</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">B</td><td一个l我gn="center">10</td><td一个l我gn="center">12</td><td一个l我gn="center">3</td><td一个l我gn="center">B</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.37</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.1</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">产品</td><td一个l我gn="center" colspan="3">规模因素(L /公斤)</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">一个</td><td一个l我gn="center">2</td><td一个l我gn="center">3</td><td一个l我gn="center">4</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">B</td><td一个l我gn="center">4</td><td一个l我gn="center">6</td><td一个l我gn="center">3</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="4">设备成本(美元,V在升)</td><td一个l我gn="center" colspan="3">最小尺寸= 250 L</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"></td> <td align="center">250 V<年代up>0.6</年代up></td><td align="center">500 V<年代up>0.6</年代up></td><td align="center">340 V<年代up>0.6</年代up></td><td align="center" colspan="3">最大大小= 2500 L</td></tr><tr> <td align="center" colspan="4">操作成本因素(<年代vg height="14.3375" id="M64" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.700001 14.3375" width="19.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"></td> <td align="center">20.</td><td一个l我gn="center">30.</td><td一个l我gn="center">15</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="7"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表1</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/tab1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 示例1中使用的数据。</d我v></d我v></d我v><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab2"> <table class="table-group" id="tab2"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="8"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="center" colspan="5">处理时间,<年代vg height="17.924999" id="M65" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36.487499 17.924999" width="36.487499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.66)"> <g> <path d="m -71.95,70.71 6.4,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.55,59.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.4,62.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.37773" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="center" colspan="3">产品单价(美元/公斤)</td></tr><tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="8"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">产品</td><td一个l我gn="center">混合机</td><td一个l我gn="center">反应堆</td><td一个l我gn="center">器</td><td一个l我gn="center">离心机</td><td一个l我gn="center">产品</td><td一个l我gn="center"><span style="width: 16.5875px;"> <svg height="16.3375" id="M66" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.5875 16.3375" width="16.5875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.93)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 16.700001px;"> <svg height="14.4875" id="M67" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.700001 14.4875" width="16.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">一个</td><td一个l我gn="center">1.15</td><td一个l我gn="center">9.86</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.4</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.5</td><td一个l我gn="center">一个</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.27</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.08</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">B</td><td一个l我gn="center">5.95</td><td一个l我gn="center">7.01</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.7</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.42</td><td一个l我gn="center">B</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.29</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.10</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">C</td><td一个l我gn="center">3.96</td><td一个l我gn="center">6.01</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.85</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.3</td><td一个l我gn="center">C</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.32</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.12</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"><span style="width: 17px;"> <svg height="12.975" id="M68" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17 12.975" width="17" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.6,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center">0.4</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.33</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.3</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.2</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">产品</td><td一个l我gn="center" colspan="4">规模因素(L /公斤)</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">一个</td><td一个l我gn="center">8.28</td><td一个l我gn="center">9.7</td><td一个l我gn="center">6.57</td><td一个l我gn="center">2.95</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">B</td><td一个l我gn="center">5.58</td><td一个l我gn="center">8.09</td><td一个l我gn="center">6.17</td><td一个l我gn="center">3.27</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">C</td><td一个l我gn="center">2.34</td><td一个l我gn="center">10.3</td><td一个l我gn="center">5.98</td><td一个l我gn="center">5.7</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">产品</td><td一个l我gn="center" colspan="4">系数<年代vg height="16.375" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.762501 16.375" width="24.762501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">一个</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.2</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.24</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.4</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.5</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">B</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.15</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.35</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.7</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.42</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">C</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.34</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.5</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.85</td><td一个l我gn="center">0.3</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="5">设备成本(美元,V在升)</td><td一个l我gn="center" colspan="3">最小尺寸= 250 L</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"></td> <td align="center">250 V<年代up>0.6</年代up></td><td align="center">250 V<年代up>0.6</年代up></td><td align="center">250 V<年代up>0.6</年代up></td><td align="center">250 V<年代up>0.6</年代up></td><td align="center" colspan="3">最大大小= 10000 L</td></tr><tr> <td align="center" colspan="5">操作成本因素(<年代vg height="14.3375" id="M70" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.700001 14.3375" width="19.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"></td> <td align="center">20.</td><td一个l我gn="center">30.</td><td一个l我gn="center">15</td><td一个l我gn="center">30.</td><td一个l我gn="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"></td> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="8"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表2</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/tab2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 例2中使用的数据。</d我v></d我v></d我v><h4 id="results-and-discussion">5。结果与讨论</h4> <h5 id="sec5.1">5.1。示例1</h5> <p>4个客观优化问题被认为是和表达(<一个href="#Eq1">1</一个>)- (<一个href="#Eq1">4</一个>)。决策变量的集合包括批量大小、总生产时间,并行单元的数量在每个阶段,每个产品的周期时间,所需的体积单元的每个阶段。由于平行单位的数量在每个阶段是一个整数决策变量,我们这个变量作为一个二进制变量的代码。所有其他决策变量编码为实数。因此,有三个整数变量和10实际变量。除了表达的约束(<一个href="#Eq5">5</一个>)- (<一个href="#Eq8">8</一个>),我们考虑目标函数作为额外的界限约束生成可行nondominated决策者所期望的解决方案的范围,有19个约束</p><p><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="equation" id="Eq9"> <svg height="18.4" id="M71" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 18.4" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.4)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.28)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.39,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.83,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="8.6999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.97,58.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.67,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.14,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="8.8100004"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.77,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.166139" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.693905" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.897793" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.237293" y="0"> …</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.828293" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.029541" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.281044" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="278.10001" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="282.26349" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="288.51498" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="294.76651" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>然后NSGA-II求解优化问题的以下参数:最大代数量高达200,500年人口规模,交叉概率0.85,变异概率为0.05,分布指数模拟交叉操作10和20指数模拟突变操作。</p><p>示例1的帕累托最优解决方案呈现在图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>。收入(<年代vg height="14.475" id="M72" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:14.8875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.475" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)增加运营成本的增加(<年代vg height="14.625" id="M73" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:14.8875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.625" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.3)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>),而投资成本(<年代vg height="14.475" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:14.8875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.475" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)减少<我>。</我>当所有的四个目标函数同时认为,在目前的研究显示改进解决方案获得黄和王<一个href="#B10">10</一个>结果相同的问题。例如,让我们考虑的解决方案提供的黄和王<一个href="#B10">10</一个>所有目标)与单位参考会员级别:<年代vg height="14.7875" id="M75" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:86.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 86.375 14.7875" width="86.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.66,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.945885" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.197384" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.448887" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>,</我><年代vg height="14.725" id="M76" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:86.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 86.375 14.725" width="86.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.22)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.66,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.945885" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.197384" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.448887" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>,</我><年代vg height="14.9375" id="M77" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:160.89999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 160.89999 14.9375" width="160.89999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.78,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.84,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.5,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.706888" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.958389" y="0"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.209888" y="0"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.461388" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.838638" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,11.28,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,19.63,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.782387" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。解决方案(<一个href="#Eq1">1</一个>表中给出)<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/tab3/" target="_blank">3</一个>目前的研究改善上述的解决方案<年代vg height="14.625" id="M78" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:73.074997px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 73.074997 14.625" width="73.074997" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.3)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.14,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.540749" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39.65,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.78,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-18.46,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>而<年代vg height="14.475" id="M79" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:14.8875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.475" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是类似的。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代=”flo一个ts-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab3"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab3"> <table class="table-group" id="tab3"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="center" colspan="5">最优目的函数值</td></tr><tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">情况下</td><td一个l我gn="center"><span style="width: 14.8875px;"> <svg height="14.475" id="M80" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.475" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 14.8875px;"> <svg height="14.475" id="M81" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.475" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 14.8875px;"> <svg height="14.625" id="M82" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.625" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.3)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 14.8875px;"> <svg height="14.475" id="M83" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.475" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">1</td><td一个l我gn="center">122566.41</td><td一个l我gn="center">175955.39</td><td一个l我gn="center">73499.23</td><td一个l我gn="center">5579.37</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">2</td><td一个l我gn="center">124283.15</td><td一个l我gn="center">177389.07</td><td一个l我gn="center">74508.91</td><td一个l我gn="center">5582.87</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">3</td><td一个l我gn="center">126393.23</td><td一个l我gn="center">173354.67</td><td一个l我gn="center">84896.90</td><td一个l我gn="center">5638.60</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="5"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr class="table-fn"> <td>目标函数的范围:<年代vg height="18.9375" id="M84" style="vertical-align:-4.27357pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 196.55 18.9375" width="196.55" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.85)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.35,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.2200003"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.65,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.3400002"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.37,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.830717" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.994217" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.245716" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.497215" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.748718" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.000217" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.251717" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.50322" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.88047" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.131966" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.383469" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.634964" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.886467" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.13797" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.38947" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="18.9375" id="M85" style="vertical-align:-4.27357pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 201.7625 18.9375" width="201.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.85)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.78,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.18,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.48,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.84,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.3400002"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-27.2,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.830717" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.994217" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.245716" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.497215" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.748718" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.000217" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.251717" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.50322" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.88047" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.131966" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.383469" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.634964" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.886467" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.13797" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.38947" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="19.0875" id="M86" style="vertical-align:-4.39647pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 193.95 19.0875" width="193.95" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.0875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.73)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.35,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.2200003"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.65,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.3400002"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-27.2,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.830717" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.994217" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.245716" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.497215" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.748718" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.000217" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.251717" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.628967" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.88047" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.131966" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.383469" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.634964" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.886467" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.13797" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="18.9375" id="M87" style="vertical-align:-4.27357pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 170.5 18.9375" width="170.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.85)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.35,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.2200003"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.65,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.3400002"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-27.2,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.830717" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.994217" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.245716" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.497215" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.748718" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.000217" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.377468" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.628967" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.88047" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.131966" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.383469" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。<br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表3</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/tab3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 最优目的函数示例1的值。</d我v></d我v></d我v><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig2"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.002a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.002a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.002b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.002b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig2"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.002a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.002a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.002b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.002b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig2"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图2</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 例如1帕累托最优解决方案。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig3/" target="_blank">3</一个>提出了一些选择的决策变量之间的关系。大量的多个最优解为决策者提供了直接的信息之间的关系一些客观的标准和一套可行的解决方案。因此,它可以帮助决策者选择一个高度自信的解决方案。221对应于一个固定的最佳植物结构两个搅拌机,两个反应堆,和一个离心机的设计。最优解图所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代=”flo一个ts-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig3"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig3"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.003a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.003a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.003b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.003b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.003c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.003c.jpg"> <br> <strong>(c)</年代trong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig3"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.003a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.003a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.003b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.003b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(c)"><img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.003c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.003c.jpg"><br><strong>(c)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig3"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图3</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 一些决策变量之间的关系。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig4"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig4"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="927426.fig.004" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.004.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图4</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig4/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 优化设计的搅拌设备例如1。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec5.2">5.2。示例2</h5> <p>搅拌设备在这种情况下由四个处理阶段生产三种产品,B和C, 4个客观优化问题作为表达(<一个href="#Eq1">1</一个>)- (<一个href="#Eq1">4</一个>)。决策变量的设置仍在示例1一样。但是我们处理4的整数变量,14实际变量,31日在目标函数约束包括边界。</p><p>使用了相同的模型方程的例子1这里除了处理时间,<年代vg height="12.7625" id="M88" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:17.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.0625 12.7625" width="17.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.7625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.79)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.55,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在(<一个href="#Eq7">7</一个>)。所需的时间来处理一批产品<我>我</我>在舞台上<我>j</我>表示为:</p><p><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="equation" id="Eq10"> <svg height="20.725" id="M89" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 20.725" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,135.73,60.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.13,57.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.75,60.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 164.79,68.47 6.4,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.79,60.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.19,57.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.12,60.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.65,57.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.8,60.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.01,68.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.45,65.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.51,56.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.26,60.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.329638" y="0"> ∀</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.331318" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.219751" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.760502" y="0"> ∀</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.76218" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.625847" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="245.61" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="249.7735" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="256.02499" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="262.27649" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="16.637501" id="M90" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:54.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 54.6875 16.637501" width="54.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.55,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-50.76,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≥</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>,</我><年代vg height="16.637501" id="M91" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:53.174999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 53.174999 16.637501" width="53.174999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.76,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-51.97,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≥</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="12.975" id="M92" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:13.6px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.6 12.975" width="13.6" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.6,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是常数,<年代vg height="14.3625" id="M93" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:15.025px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.025 14.3625" width="15.025" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.25,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是产品的批量大小<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M94" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。</p><p>因此,处理时间不是一个常数,而是取决于参数的批量大小的决定。表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/tab2/" target="_blank">2</一个>为这个问题提供了必要的数据。</p><p>约束多目标适应问题是解决NSGA-II NSGA-II的同一组参数用于示例1。</p><p>在例1中,收入(<年代vg height="14.475" id="M95" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:14.8875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.475" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)增加运行成本(<年代vg height="14.625" id="M96" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:14.8875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.625" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.3)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)增加,投资成本(<年代vg height="14.475" id="M97" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:14.8875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.475" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)降低运营成本后(<年代vg height="14.625" id="M98" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:14.8875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.625" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.3)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)。帕累托最优解决方案的例子2呈现在图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig5/" target="_blank">5</一个>。各种决策变量的关系如图所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>。让提到,当所有的四个目标函数同时被认为,在目前的研究中获得的解决方案显著提高黄和王所呈现的结果<一个href="#B10">10</一个>为同样的问题。例如,黄提出的解决方案和王<一个href="#B10">10</一个>所有目标)与单位参考会员级别<年代vg height="14.9375" id="M99" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:421.96249px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 421.96249 14.9375" width="421.96249" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.85,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.33,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.442884" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.694386" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.121887" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.373386" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.624886" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.876389" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.417137" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,30.03,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,42.55,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.455387" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.706888" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.121887" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.373386" y="0"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.624886" y="0"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.876389" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.417137" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,120.92,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.43,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.958389" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.209888" y="0"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.461388" y="0"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.712887" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="67.253639" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.63,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.14,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.455387" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.706888" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.958389" y="0"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.209888" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>解决方案(<一个href="#Eq1">1</一个>表中给出)<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/tab4/" target="_blank">4</一个>目前的研究改善上述的解决方案<年代vg height="14.625" id="M100" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:57.450001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 57.450001 14.625" width="57.450001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.3)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.14,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-47.99,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-43.11,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30.96,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>而<年代vg height="14.475" id="M101" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:14.8875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.475" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是类似的。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代=”flo一个ts-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab4"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab4"> <table class="table-group" id="tab4"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="center" colspan="5">最优目的函数值</td></tr><tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">情况下</td><td一个l我gn="center"><span style="width: 14.8875px;"> <svg height="14.475" id="M102" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.475" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 14.8875px;"> <svg height="14.475" id="M103" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.475" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 14.8875px;"> <svg height="14.625" id="M104" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.625" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.3)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 14.8875px;"> <svg height="14.475" id="M105" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8875 14.475" width="14.8875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">1</td><td一个l我gn="center">275766.10</td><td一个l我gn="center">388262.10</td><td一个l我gn="center">156449.20</td><td一个l我gn="center">5505.40</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">2</td><td一个l我gn="center">276096.30</td><td一个l我gn="center">369977.30</td><td一个l我gn="center">161392.30</td><td一个l我gn="center">5710.90</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">3</td><td一个l我gn="center">281818.70</td><td一个l我gn="center">369843.48</td><td一个l我gn="center">163552.80</td><td一个l我gn="center">5718.00</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="5"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr class="table-fn"> <td>目标函数的范围:<年代vg height="18.9375" id="M106" style="vertical-align:-4.27357pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 196.55 18.9375" width="196.55" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.85)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.35,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.2200003"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.65,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.3400002"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.37,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.830717" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.994217" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.245716" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.497215" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.748718" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.000217" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.251717" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.50322" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.88047" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.131966" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.383469" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.634964" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.886467" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.13797" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.38947" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="18.9375" id="M107" style="vertical-align:-4.27357pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 196.55 18.9375" width="196.55" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.85)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.35,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.65,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.3400002"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.37,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.830717" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.994217" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.245716" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.497215" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.748718" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.000217" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.251717" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.50322" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.88047" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.131966" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.383469" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.634964" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.886467" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.13797" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.38947" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="19.0875" id="M108" style="vertical-align:-4.39647pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 196.55 19.0875" width="196.55" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.0875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.73)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.35,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.2200003"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.65,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.3400002"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.37,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.830717" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.994217" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.245716" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.497215" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.748718" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.000217" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.251717" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.50322" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.88047" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.131966" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.383469" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.634964" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.886467" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.13797" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.38947" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="18.9375" id="M109" style="vertical-align:-4.27357pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 169.2 18.9375" width="169.2" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.85)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.35,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.2200003"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.65,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.5" y="9.3400002"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.37,61.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.830717" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.994217" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.245716" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.497215" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.748718" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.000217" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.377468" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.628967" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.88047" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.131966" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.383469" y="0"> ]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="91.546967" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><br></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表4</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/tab4/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 最优目的函数示例2的值。</d我v></d我v></d我v><d我v class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig5"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig5"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.005a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.005a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.005b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.005b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig5"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.005a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.005a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.005b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.005b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig5"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图5</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig5/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 例如2帕累托最优解决方案。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig6"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig6"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.006a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.006a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.006b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.006b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.006c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.006c.jpg"> <br> <strong>(c)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(d)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.006d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.006d.jpg"> <br> <strong>(d)</年代trong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig6"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.006a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.006a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.006b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.006b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(c)"><img alt="(c)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.006c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.006c.jpg"><br><strong>(c)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(d)"><img alt="(d)”n一个米e=”927426。f我g.006d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.006d.jpg"><br><strong>(d)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig6"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图6</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig6/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 3维的一些决策变量之间的关系。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>在这个例子中,植物进化成为最优结构:两个搅拌机,两个核反应堆,两个萃取器,和一个离心机呈现在图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig7/" target="_blank">7</一个>。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代=”flo一个ts-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig7"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig7"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="927426.fig.007" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jamc/volume-2009/927426/figures/927426.fig.007.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图7</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426/fig7/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 搅拌设备优化设计例如2。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>权衡分析的实现依赖于决策者的偏好的可用性。</p><h4 id="conclusion">6。结论</h4> <p>多目标决策在一批工厂流程设计被认为是和一个非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)获得最佳区域包含开发解决方案的概念下帕累托集。NSGA-II能力证明在进化的整个nondominating集解决方案以及帕累托前在一个运行的算法。因此,决策者(DM)是提供最好的交易操作区。此外,更好的自信的选择设计几个妥协的决策者可以实现如果决策变量对目标函数的影响。</p><p>最后,大量的解决方案提供了一个有用的基础进一步替代方法实现DM的目标。</p><p>批处理过程的固有动态特性允许在原料处理变化的能力和产品规格,并提供所需的灵活性multiproduct或多功能设施。因此他们是最适合的生产容量高价值产品,如专用化学品、医药、农业、食品、和消费产品,最近biotechnology-enabled产品的不断增长的频谱。减少上市时间,降低生产成本,提高了灵活性都是间歇过程的关键成功因素。</p><h4 id="nomenclature">命名法</h4> <table class="gloss-abbr" style="font-size:12px"> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="14.3625" id="M110" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:15.025px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.025 14.3625" width="15.025" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.25,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">批产品的大小<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M111" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>结束的时候<年代vg height="10.325" id="M112" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:17.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.237499 10.325" width="17.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>阶段(公斤)</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="18.525" id="M113" style="vertical-align:-6.50204pt;width:23.174999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.174999 18.525" width="23.174999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.18)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.31,58.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">运营成本在舞台<年代vg height="12.675" id="M114" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:7.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.1374998 12.675" width="7.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>($)</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="17.15" id="M115" style="vertical-align:-5.39853pt;width:22.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.299999 17.15" width="22.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.15)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.28)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.15,58.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">运营成本的产品<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M116" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>生产(美元/公斤)</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="17.15" id="M117" style="vertical-align:-5.39853pt;width:20.7875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.7875 17.15" width="20.7875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.15)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.28)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.36,58.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">产品的价格<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M118" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(美元/公斤)</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="10.325" id="M119" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:15.175px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.175 10.325" width="15.175" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">总生产时间(<年代vg height="10.95" id="M120" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:9.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.1374998 10.95" width="9.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.95)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="10.325" id="M121" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:17.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.237499 10.325" width="17.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">批处理阶段的数量</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="10.325" id="M122" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8375 10.325" width="14.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">待生产的产品的数量</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="16.2875" id="M123" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:18.9625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.9625 16.2875" width="18.9625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.31,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">的平行单位数量的阶段<年代vg height="12.675" id="M124" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:7.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.1374998 12.675" width="7.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="14.575" id="M125" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:16.35px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.35 14.575" width="16.35" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.34)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.19,60.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">生产要求的产品<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M126" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(公斤)</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="16.512501" id="M127" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:19.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.225 16.512501" width="19.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.79)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.82,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">产品大小的因素<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M128" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在舞台上<年代vg height="12.675" id="M129" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:7.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.1374998 12.675" width="7.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(L /公斤)</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="14.3625" id="M130" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:23.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.8125 14.3625" width="23.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.8766499" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.22,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">周期时间的产品<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M131" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(<年代vg height="10.95" id="M132" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:9.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.1374998 10.95" width="9.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.95)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="16.2875" id="M133" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:14.65px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.65 16.2875" width="14.65" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">所需体积单元的阶段<年代vg height="12.675" id="M134" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:7.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.1374998 12.675" width="7.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(左)</td></tr><tr> <td align="left"></td> <td align="left"><i>希腊符号</我></td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="12.975" id="M135" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:14.475px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.475 12.975" width="14.475" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.9,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">单位成本系数<年代vg height="12.675" id="M136" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:7.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.1374998 12.675" width="7.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="16.512501" id="M137" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:14.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.375 16.512501" width="14.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.79)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.97,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">对单位成本指数<年代vg height="12.675" id="M138" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:7.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.1374998 12.675" width="7.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="12.7625" id="M139" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:17.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.0625 12.7625" width="17.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.7625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.79)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.55,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="left">处理时间的产品<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M140" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在舞台上<年代vg height="12.675" id="M141" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:7.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.1374998 12.675" width="7.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(<年代vg height="10.95" id="M142" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:9.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.1374998 10.95" width="9.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.95)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)。</td></tr></tbody> </table> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="references" id="references">引用</h4> <ol> <li id="B1">a . 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Deb&publication_year=1994" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B24">k . Deb, A .普拉塔普,美国阿加瓦尔和t . Meyarivan”一个快速和精英多目标遗传算法:NSGA-II,”<我>我EEE进化计算</我>》第六卷,没有。2、182 - 197年,2002页。<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代=”refl我nks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1109/4235.996017">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20fast%20and%20elitist%20multiobjective%20genetic%20algorithm:%20NSGA-II&author=K. Deb&author=A. Pratap&author=S. Agarwal&author=&author=T. Meyarivan&publication_year=2002" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代p一个n></li> </ol> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="copyright" id="copyright">版权</h4> <p>版权©2009迪亚布Mokeddem Abdelhafid Khellaf。这是一个开放的分布式下文章<一个rel=”l我cen年代e”href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">知识共享归属许可</一个>,它允许无限制的使用、分配和复制在任何媒介,提供最初的工作是正确引用。</p></d我v></d我v></article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 eyHfWh journal_article__BiblioIntegratorWidget-sc-12fk6zy-5 dbAANp article_widget biblioWrapper hide"> <hr> <h4 class="biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 becpDt hrTitleRef">更多相关文章</h4> <div id="biblio_widget" class="biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 hFGNjP"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__RightWrapper-sc-1bf4078-2 jzTMLK rightWrapper" id="rightSectionMenu"> <div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyTopToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-0 gbrQxi article_sticky_top_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cBdUnI hRnXob article_top_toolbar"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dIjoCg sc-exkUMo hymroZ pdf_desktop button__group" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/jamc/2009/927426.pdf" aria-label="" target="_blank" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/wyT4heYybLmt1UEJexPE9/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/src/icon/svg/pdf.svg" height="24"><span class="text">PDF</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dIjoCg sc-kcDeIU cbcyj ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavLarge"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">下载引用</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dIjoCg sc-BngTV hmDWcT ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jamc/2009/927426.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">引用</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-1 isgRZA article_sticky_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cTjmhe ihmyEq article_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cugefK itFKcQ accordion" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__dofNav"> <span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">下载其他格式</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">更多的</年代p一个n></年代p一个n> <span class="sc-htoDjs bMdQcY sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="11"></span> </div> <div class="sc-fnwBNb etzuBr"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-iNhVCk gWgCNb open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/jamc/2009/927426.xml" aria-label="XML" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-eAKXzc WHkfb"> XML</d我v><我米g alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" 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height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">订单打印副本</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">订单</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL right__icon icon-colored _32KP5uexH-Bgs7Kj8Gk1Tz icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-hBbWxd kdRRST"> <div class="sc-dyGzUR cHatnS"> <div> 的观点<年代p一个n>1474年年</年代p一个n></d我v><d我v> 下载<年代p一个n>2090年年</年代p一个n></d我v></d我v> <div> <div class="sc-drKuOJ kxdGAZ"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1155/2009/927426" data-style="small_circle"></span>引用</d我v></d我v></d我v><nav class="sc-bRBYWo fXBKFa sc-hUfwpO jHPgUP" id="toolbar__iconNav"> <h3 class="sc-Rmtcm hNPrIr">分享文章</h3> <ul class="sc-hzDkRC bnbfTS"> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/927426&via=Hindawi" aria-label="Sharing on Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialTwitter" title="" role="presentation" 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