认知无线电智能电网:理论,算法和安全性</t我tle> <link href="//www.newsama.com/static/themes/hindawi/base.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/static/lib/basictable.css" rel="stylesheet" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/static/lib/owl.carousel.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/static/lib/owl.theme.default.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="preload" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.bibblio.org/rcm/4.24/bib-related-content.min.css" as="style" class="next-head"> <link rel="preload" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.bibblio.org/rcm/4.24/bib-related-content.min.css" as="style" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/_next/static/css/common.4ea1a379.chunk.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/_next/static/css/static/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/pages/journal_article.js.980e62ed.chunk.css"> <style data-styled="NQpXC gnduKR jzXSTA bNmdOy epRoim bUhGXt gjctdt jGJLow kAzjOl ivbKJD fopjOz hbVEoI khbeDd gvAGTV kNoiZu diutvq bqeMOy bMdQcY ldSkVQ cmzomn fJLQxX kuxTps prcY bJcSpM elhyhe fTkdCR jCfZqq EwsTm hYnXNL hGCBfz dfaOeH jOLhQl TsaZF iiusBg cqhPZs gaRePw dEfJbW eBepOs fSPaCp bVEEaH etauus ctePXh gCIfTO hHKuAX dIjoCg jUTgTa eujois cQgXqt ewCAZX kdvWPs hAFFGk lkWWFY ehYbwJ legory epgILe kCfRMJ bjwAQR byflLi jXeALb UVThf dDyxFF fkVFlF dzZrgS jLUVhb dVCLgr bBmZJZ ewHMLz bbzREB jknsZc eSvjPB jntdRu hAzjHP mBGSe fgGykB gQxyld bVtmCk hSHJbi ktFfKO bkiEfx ztvYg cUsFHx duuwge lcOiDF gsmOCv kPshFw hHHqqR jZOxOO eHMFfo XkrFe irNWJI dMuGGA kfDwZY evMkvU fYrLtk fjviok hgKieC cIribm khHUcu hMPMVR dbAANp eyHfWh cBTaXT becpDt kCVTCa jzTMLK gbrQxi hRnXob hymroZ cbcyj hmDWcT isgRZA ihmyEq itFKcQ cGuwDn jrsDZP gWTCXQ jGPvPL etzuBr gWgCNb WHkfb ibWUzs kdRRST cHatnS kxdGAZ jHPgUP fXBKFa hNPrIr bnbfTS cYsVdk inBNwS dkutRV hlGpbO filPdg ecHxGW gCiATD eEFYIL dsXEHZ iXKuYd" data-styled-version="4.4.1"> /* sc-component-id: sc-bdVaJa */ .EwsTm{height:200vh;width:100%;position:fixed;z-index:1;background:rgba(255,255,255,0.8);} .EwsTm.isHide{display:none;} @media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:991px){} @media (min-width:992px){.EwsTm{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-htpNat */ .bUhGXt{color:black;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;font-size:16px;} .bUhGXt:focus-visible{outline-width:3px;outline-color:#8fc9ff;outline-style:solid;} /* sc-component-id: sc-bxivhb */ .ivbKJD{display:inline-block;} /* sc-component-id: sc-ifAKCX */ .fopjOz{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-flex:wrap;-ms-flex:wrap;flex:wrap;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:0;} .fopjOz li{padding:0 10px;} .fopjOz li a{padding:0;} .fopjOz a{-webkit-transition:border .25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:border .25s ease-in-out 0s;border-bottom:2px solid #fff;border-radius:0;} .fopjOz a:hover{border-bottom:2px solid #9b9b9b;padding-bottom:4px;} .fopjOz .active{border-bottom:2px solid #57a61e;} /* sc-component-id: sc-EHOje */ .jOLhQl{vertical-align:middle;height:24px;}.TsaZF{vertical-align:middle;height:40px;}.iiusBg{vertical-align:middle;height:16px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-bZQynM */ .bNmdOy{max-width:1440px;margin:0 auto;width:100%;} /* sc-component-id: sc-htoDjs */ .khbeDd{vertical-align:middle;font-size:24px;}.gvAGTV{vertical-align:middle;font-size:9px;}.kNoiZu{vertical-align:middle;font-size:16px;}.diutvq{vertical-align:middle;font-size:22px;}.bqeMOy{vertical-align:middle;font-size:20px;}.bMdQcY{vertical-align:middle;font-size:11px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-fjdhpX */ .jzXSTA{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;z-index:1000;background:#fff;height:70px;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;border-bottom:1px solid #e3e3e3;-webkit-transition:all 0.5s;transition:all 0.5s;} @media (max-width:991px){.jzXSTA{border-bottom:1px solid #e3e3e3;}} @media (max-width:767px){.jzXSTA{margin-bottom:70px;height:60px;}} .jzXSTA .header__padding{padding:0 20px;box-sizing:border-box;} @media (max-width:991px){.jzXSTA .header__padding{padding:0 0 0 20px;}} .jzXSTA .menu{position:fixed;top:60px;right:0;width:100%;background:white;} @media (max-width:991px){.jzXSTA .menu{z-index:2;}} @media (min-width:768px){.jzXSTA .menu{width:500px;top:70px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jzXSTA .menu{display:none;}} .jzXSTA .menu ul{list-style-type:none;text-align:center;padding:0;margin:0;} @media (min-width:768px){.jzXSTA .menu ul{padding:0;border-left:1px solid #e3e3e3;}} .jzXSTA .menu ul li a{color:#4a4a4a;padding:10px;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;border-bottom:1px solid #e3e3e3;} .jzXSTA .menu .button_wrap{width:90%;margin:10px auto;border-radius:5px;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;} @media (min-width:768px){.jzXSTA .menu .button_wrap{display:none;}} .jzXSTA .menu .button__publishing{background-color:#6ba439;color:#fff;border-color:#6ba439;} .jzXSTA .menu .button__login{display:none;background-color:#fff;color:#4D8A17;border-color:#e3e3e3;} .jzXSTA.headerUp{-webkit-transform:translateY(-100%);-ms-transform:translateY(-100%);transform:translateY(-100%);} /* sc-component-id: sc-jzJRlG */ .jGJLow{-webkit-box-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;} .jGJLow a{padding:10px;} .jGJLow nav{-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;} @media (max-width:991px){.jGJLow nav{display:none;}} .jGJLow nav ul{margin-right:16px;} .jGJLow nav ul li a{color:#4a4a4a;padding:10px 0px 4px;margin:0 6px;} @media (max-width:991px){.jGJLow .icon-themeable{border-left:1px solid #e3e3e3;padding:23px 20px;}} @media (max-width:767px){.jGJLow .icon-themeable{padding:18px 20px;}} @media (max-width:767.5px){.jGJLow.mobileButtonFlex{-ms-flex:0 0 51%;-webkit-flex:0 0 51%;-ms-flex:0 0 51%;flex:0 0 51%;max-width:51%;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-cSHVUG */ .ldSkVQ{display:none;padding:0;background-color:#fff;border:none;height:59px;} @media (min-width:768px){.ldSkVQ{height:69px;}} .ldSkVQ img{box-sizing:content-box;width:28px;padding:17px 20px;} @media (min-width:768px){.ldSkVQ img{padding:22px 20px;}} @media (max-width:991px){.ldSkVQ{display:inline-block;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-kAzzGY */ .epRoim a{display:inline-block;padding:15px 0;} @media (max-width:767px){.epRoim a{padding:10px 0;}} @media (max-width:767.5px){.epRoim.mobileLogoFlex{-ms-flex:0 0 49%;-webkit-flex:0 0 49%;-ms-flex:0 0 49%;flex:0 0 49%;max-width:49%;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-chPdSV */ .hbVEoI{border:none;height:50px;background-color:#fff;margin:10px 0 0 17px;position:relative;} @media (max-width:991.5px){.hbVEoI{margin:0 3px 0 16px;padding:0;height:69px;}} @media (max-width:767.5px){.hbVEoI{height:59px;}} .hbVEoI img{box-sizing:content-box;} .hbVEoI .icon__cross{width:24px;height:24px;} @media (min-width:768px){.hbVEoI .icon__cross{padding:23px 20px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hbVEoI .icon__cross{padding:0px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-ckVGcZ */ .gjctdt{vertical-align:middle;height:39px;} @media (max-width:401px){.gjctdt{max-width:100%;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-jKJlTe */ .inBNwS{background-color:#0d2934;font-size:16px;position:relative;z-index:3;} @media (max-width:991px){.inBNwS{z-index:0;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-eNQAEJ */ .dkutRV{border-bottom :1px solid;border-color:#828282;padding:29px 40px 30px 40px;} @media (min-width:992px){.dkutRV{padding:40px 40px 40px 35px;}} .dkutRV .primary__footer .mobile{display:block;} .dkutRV .primary__footer .desktop{display:none;} @media (min-width:992px){.dkutRV .primary__footer{-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;}.dkutRV .primary__footer .mobile{display:none;}.dkutRV .primary__footer .desktop{display:block;}} @media (min-width:992px){.dkutRV .col5{-webkit-flex:0 0 18%;-ms-flex:0 0 18%;flex:0 0 18%;max-width:18%;}} .dkutRV address{font-style:inherit;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;display:none;border-right:1px solid #EBEBEB;} @media (max-width:767px){.dkutRV address{border-bottom:1px solid #E3E3E3;padding-bottom:20px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.dkutRV address{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;margin-right:50px;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.dkutRV address{margin-right:70px;}} .dkutRV address p{margin:0;font-size:14px;} @media (max-width:767px){.dkutRV address p{text-align:center;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.dkutRV address p{font-size:16px;}} .dkutRV nav ul{list-style:none;padding:0;line-height:2;font-size:16px;margin:18px 0 0 0;} .dkutRV nav ul:first-child{margin:0;} @media (min-width:992px){.dkutRV nav ul{margin:0;}} .dkutRV nav ul li{line-height:22px;padding:5px;} .dkutRV nav ul li a{color:#d8d8d8;font-weight:500;display:block;font-size:16px;} .dkutRV nav ul li img{padding:2.5px 0 0 10px;box-sizing:content-box;-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);} /* sc-component-id: sc-hMqMXs */ .hlGpbO{padding-top:6px;color:#FFFFFF;font-weight:500;margin-bottom:29px;} @media (min-width:992px){.hlGpbO{-webkit-flex:0 0 25%;-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:-webkit-fit-content;max-width:-moz-fit-content;max-width:fit-content;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-kEYyzF */ .ecHxGW{margin-right:20px;} .ecHxGW:last-child{margin-right:0;} /* sc-component-id: sc-kkGfuU */ .filPdg{margin-top:15px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-iAyFgw */ .gCiATD{line-height:30px;font-size:11px;padding:10px 20px;text-align:center;} .gCiATD .textright{text-align:right;font-weight:500;} @media (max-width:767px){.gCiATD .textright{text-align:center;}} @media (min-width:992px){.gCiATD .textright{font-weight:100;}} .gCiATD a{font-size:13px;color:#fff;} /* sc-component-id: sc-hSdWYo */ .etauus{display:inline-block;background-color:#fff;color:#4D8A17;border-color:#E3E3E3;width:auto;border-radius:5px;font-size:16px;border-width:1px;border-style:solid;} .etauus:focus-visible{outline-width:3px;outline-color:#8fc9ff;outline-style:solid;} /* sc-component-id: sc-eHgmQL */ .fTkdCR{font-size:22px;color:#000;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.fTkdCR{font-size:24px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.fTkdCR{font-size:25px;}} .fTkdCR:after{content:'';display:inline-block;margin-top:0.2em;margin-left:0.5em;} /* sc-component-id: sc-iRbamj */ .jZOxOO{font-size:30px;font-weight:500;-webkit-letter-spacing:1px;-moz-letter-spacing:1px;-ms-letter-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:1px;line-height:1;margin-top:0;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jZOxOO{font-size:40px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jZOxOO{font-size:40px;}} .jZOxOO sup,.jZOxOO sub{vertical-align:baseline;position:relative;top:-10px;} .jZOxOO sub{top:10px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-Rmtcm */ .hNPrIr{font-size:20px;font-weight:500;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:15px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-bRBYWo */ .fXBKFa{display:inline-block;} @media (max-width:991.5px){.fXBKFa{width:100%;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.fXBKFa.hide{display:none !important;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-hzDkRC */ .bnbfTS{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-flex:wrap;-ms-flex:wrap;flex:wrap;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;list-style-type:none;margin:0;width:100%;padding:0 !important;border-top:1px solid #fff;} .bnbfTS li{width:100%;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box;padding:17px 0px;min-height:48px;} .bnbfTS li a{display:block;} .bnbfTS .iconBorder{border-right:1px solid #fff;} .bnbfTS img{width:23px;} .bnbfTS img.socialLinkedin{width:28px;} .bnbfTS .wechat-container{position:relative;} .bnbfTS .wechat-container .addthis_inline_share_toolbox{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;opacity:0 !important;} /* sc-component-id: sc-jtRfpW */ .hHKuAX{background-color:#6BA439;color:#fff;padding:20px;line-height:22px !important;border-radius:0;border-top:1px solid #fff;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;min-height:60px;} .hHKuAX img{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;} .hHKuAX span{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;} .hHKuAX span.text{padding-left:20px;font-weight:500;} @media (max-width:360px){.hHKuAX span.text{padding-left:5px;font-size:14px;}} @media (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767.5px){.hHKuAX span.text{padding-left:20px;}}.dIjoCg{background-color:#F2F2F2;color:#4A4A4A;padding:20px;line-height:22px !important;border-radius:0;border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;min-height:60px;} .dIjoCg img{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;} .dIjoCg span{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;} .dIjoCg span.text{padding-left:20px;font-weight:500;} @media (max-width:360px){.dIjoCg span.text{padding-left:5px;font-size:14px;}} @media (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767.5px){.dIjoCg span.text{padding-left:20px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-kTUwUJ */ .eujois{width:20px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-dqBHgY */ .cQgXqt{width:20px;height:16px;color:#6ba439;} /* sc-component-id: sc-cbkKFq */ .kuxTps{-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;position:fixed;top:60px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.kuxTps{position:fixed;top:70px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.kuxTps{position:fixed;top:70px;}}.prcY{-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;top:0px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.prcY{top:0px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.prcY{position:fixed;top:241px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-hGoxap */ .dEfJbW{position:relative;background:#007d8d;} @media (max-width:991px){.dEfJbW{z-index:2;}} @media (min-width:767.5px) and (max-width:991.5px){.dEfJbW{width:50%;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dEfJbW{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;border-top:1px solid white;}} .dEfJbW.isHide{display:none;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dEfJbW.isHide{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}} .dEfJbW .submit__button{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;box-shadow:0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.5);padding:0 20px;min-height:45px;} .dEfJbW .submit__button span.text{font-size:16px;} .dEfJbW .submit__button img{width:20px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.dEfJbW .submit__button{min-height:58px;}.dEfJbW .submit__button img{width:22px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dEfJbW .submit__button{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-fjmCvl */ .fSPaCp{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;color:#fff;background-color:#007d8d;line-height:20px;padding:10px 20px;border:0;border-radius:0;border-top:1px solid #fff;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;margin:0;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.fSPaCp{padding:16px 20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.fSPaCp{border-top:none;border-right:1px solid #fff;padding:14.5px 15px;font-size:14px;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.fSPaCp{padding:14.5px 20px;font-size:16px;}} .fSPaCp .icon__inactive{-webkit-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);-ms-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);transform:rotateZ(-90deg);line-height:20px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.fSPaCp .icon__inactive{-webkit-transform:rotateZ(0);-ms-transform:rotateZ(0);transform:rotateZ(0);}} .fSPaCp.button__active{background:#fff;color:#4A4A4A;} @media (min-width:767.5px) and (max-width:991.5px){.fSPaCp.button__active{border-right:1px solid #007f8f;}} .fSPaCp .icon__active{-webkit-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);-ms-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);transform:rotateZ(-90deg);line-height:20px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.fSPaCp .icon__active{-webkit-transform:rotate(0);-ms-transform:rotate(0);transform:rotate(0);}} .fSPaCp .icon__hidden{display:none;}.bVEEaH{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;color:#fff;background-color:#007d8d;line-height:20px;padding:10px 20px;border:0;border-radius:0;border-top:1px solid #fff;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;margin:0;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.bVEEaH{padding:16px 20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.bVEEaH{border-top:none;border-right:0;padding:14.5px 15px;font-size:14px;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.bVEEaH{padding:14.5px 20px;font-size:16px;}} .bVEEaH .icon__inactive{-webkit-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);-ms-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);transform:rotateZ(-90deg);line-height:20px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.bVEEaH .icon__inactive{-webkit-transform:rotateZ(0);-ms-transform:rotateZ(0);transform:rotateZ(0);}} .bVEEaH.button__active{background:#fff;color:#4A4A4A;} @media (min-width:767.5px) and (max-width:991.5px){.bVEEaH.button__active{border-right:1px solid #007f8f;}} .bVEEaH .icon__active{-webkit-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);-ms-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);transform:rotateZ(-90deg);line-height:20px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.bVEEaH .icon__active{-webkit-transform:rotate(0);-ms-transform:rotate(0);transform:rotate(0);}} .bVEEaH .icon__hidden{display:none;} /* sc-component-id: sc-TFwJa */ .gCIfTO{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;color:#fff;background-color:#007d8d;line-height:20px;padding:10px 20px;border:0;border-radius:0;border-top:1px solid #fff;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.gCIfTO{padding:16px 20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.gCIfTO{-webkit-transition:all 0.25s;transition:all 0.25s;border-top:none;border-right:1px solid #fff;border-left:0;padding:14.5px 30px 14.5px 20px;width:calc(100% / 6);font-size:14px;}.gCIfTO:hover{background:#fff;color:#4A4A4A;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.gCIfTO{font-size:16px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-bHwgHz */ .ctePXh{width:18px;margin-right:-4px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.ctePXh{width:7px;font-size:7px;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.ctePXh{width:18px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-krDsej */ .ewCAZX{position:absolute;top:0;width:calc(100% - 20px);right:0;bottom:0;background:#fff;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;min-height:290px;box-shadow:0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);} .ewCAZX.hide__submenu{-webkit-transform:translateX(100%);-ms-transform:translateX(100%);transform:translateX(100%);} @media (min-width:767.5px){.ewCAZX.hide__submenu{-webkit-transform:translateX(-200%);-ms-transform:translateX(-200%);transform:translateX(-200%);}} @media (min-width:767.5px){.ewCAZX{left:100%;width:100%;padding-top:20px;z-index:-1;min-height:375px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.ewCAZX{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-dTdPqK */ .lkWWFY{-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;display:none;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.lkWWFY.hide__submenu{-webkit-transform:translateY(-300%);-ms-transform:translateY(-300%);transform:translateY(-300%);}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.lkWWFY{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:186px;top:49px;left:0;position:absolute;right:0;background:#fff;z-index:-1;box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.21);}} /* sc-component-id: sc-itybZL */ .kdvWPs{font-weight:700;border:0;color:#4A4A4A;padding:10px 0;background-color:#fff;font-size:16px;line-height:20px;} .kdvWPs:focus-visible{outline-width:3px;outline-color:#8fc9ff;outline-style:solid;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.kdvWPs{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-fzsDOv */ .hAFFGk{margin:0px 10px 2px 20px;-webkit-transform:rotate(90deg);-ms-transform:rotate(90deg);transform:rotate(90deg);display:inline-block;} /* sc-component-id: sc-gPWkxV */ .legory{width:50%;} /* sc-component-id: sc-jVODtj */ .epgILe{color:#007B8B;width:50%;font-size:16px;line-height:26px;margin:auto;padding:0 6%;} /* sc-component-id: sc-kUaPvJ */ .ehYbwJ{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:50%;padding:24.5px 2% 0;-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;} @media (min-width:1024px){.ehYbwJ{padding:24.5px 3% 0;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-giadOv */ .eBepOs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.eBepOs{width:calc(100% / 6);}.eBepOs:first-child{border-left:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-fONwsr */ .kCfRMJ{background-color:#D8D8D8;position:absolute;left:50%;display:inline-block;height:121px;width:2px;top:33px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-LKuAh */ .lcOiDF{padding:0;margin:10px 0 25px 0;} /* sc-component-id: sc-iBEsjs */ .kPshFw{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;border:none;font-size:12px;font-weight:500;margin-top:7px;padding:0;color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .kPshFw:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.kPshFw{margin-top:10px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-hzNEM */ .gsmOCv{overflow-y:hidden;height:auto;max-height:100%;-webkit-transition:all .5s;transition:all .5s;background-color:#F2F2F2;padding:0 16px;} .gsmOCv.isHide{max-height:0;-webkit-transition:all .5s;transition:all .5s;} .gsmOCv p{font-size:14px;line-height:22px;} .gsmOCv sup{margin-top:-5px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-chbbiW */ .mBGSe{padding:0;} /* sc-component-id: sc-kxynE */ .fgGykB{margin-top:30px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.fgGykB{margin-top:0;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-cooIXK */ .gQxyld{background:#FF9014;color:white;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;padding:5px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-fcdeBU */ .bVtmCk{font-size:14px;margin:15px 0 5px;} @media (min-width:768px){.bVtmCk{font-size:14px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.bVtmCk{font-size:20px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-gmeYpB */ .hSHJbi{font-size:12px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-kZmsYB */ .bkiEfx{font-size:14px;font-weight:700;line-height:16px;-webkit-letter-spacing:0.58px;-moz-letter-spacing:0.58px;-ms-letter-spacing:0.58px;letter-spacing:0.58px;margin:23px 0 0px !important;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.bkiEfx{margin:34px 0 0px !important;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.bkiEfx{margin:-4px 0 0 !important;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-RcBXQ */ .ztvYg{font-size:14px;line-height:22px;} .ztvYg a{color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .ztvYg a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} /* sc-component-id: sc-iSDuPN */ @font-face{font-family:'STIXGeneral-Bold';src:url('https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/fonts/STIXGeneral-Bold.otf');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;} .hHHqqR{font-weight:700;font-family:STIXGeneral-Bold;margin:19px 0 22px;font-size:25px;line-height:28px;-webkit-letter-spacing:normal;-moz-letter-spacing:normal;-ms-letter-spacing:normal;letter-spacing:normal;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hHHqqR{font-size:25px;margin:20px 0 23px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hHHqqR{font-size:30px;line-height:34px;margin:19px 0 22px;}} .hHHqqR p{margin:0;} /* sc-component-id: sc-fZwumE */ .cUsFHx{padding:0 3px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-fQejPQ */ .duuwge{font-size:14px;} .duuwge:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} /* sc-component-id: sc-clNaTc */ .ktFfKO{border:none;border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;height:2px;margin:15px 0;} /* sc-component-id: sc-jtRlXQ */ @font-face{font-family:'STIXGeneral-Regular';src:url('https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/fonts/STIXGeneral-Regular.otf');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;} @font-face{src:url('https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/fonts/STIXGeneral-Regular.otf');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;} @font-face{font-family:'STIXGeneral-Regular';src:url('https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/fonts/STIXGeneral-Regular.otf');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;} .hMPMVR{font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;text-align:justify;} .hMPMVR a{word-break:break-all;} .hMPMVR h4:first-of-type{border-top:0px solid #E3E3E3;padding-top:0;} .hMPMVR h4{font-size:20px;font-family:"IBM Plex Sans",sans-serif;border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;padding-top:23px;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:-3px;} .hMPMVR h4#abstract{margin-top:-7px;margin-bottom:-3px;} @media (min-width:767.5){.hMPMVR h4#abstract{margin-top:-6px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hMPMVR h4#abstract{margin-top:34px;}} .hMPMVR h4.references,.hMPMVR h4.copyright{border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;padding-top:23px;} .hMPMVR h4.references{margin-bottom:-8px;} .hMPMVR h5,.hMPMVR h6{margin:22px 0;font-size:16px;word-break:break-word;} .hMPMVR h6{margin:25px 0;text-align:left;} .hMPMVR p{font-size:16px;word-break:break-word;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section{border:1px solid #E3E3E3;margin:25px auto;} @media (max-width:767px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section{margin:0 auto;overflow-x:hidden;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content{padding:19px 0px 19px 0px;height:254px;width:96%;overflow:hidden;margin:0 auto;position:relative;cursor:pointer;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content table{margin:0 auto;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content .table-group{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content .table-group table{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content .table-group table object{z-index:-1;position:relative;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content .table-group table td{padding:4px 7px;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content .table-group table td.align_left{text-align:left;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content .table-group table td.align_center{text-align:center;} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content{padding:22px 0px 0 0px;height:197px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content{padding:23px 0px 13px 0px;height:215px;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content:after{content:"";height:20%;position:absolute;bottom:0;right:0;left:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(left,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 56%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 100%);background:-webkit-gradient(linear,left top,right top,color-stop(0%,rgba(255,255,255,.7)),color-stop(56%,rgba(255,255,255,.7)),color-stop(100%,rgba(255,255,255,.7)));background:-webkit-linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0.5) 30%,rgba(255,255,255,0.7) 56%,rgba(255,255,255,0.9) 75%,rgba(255,255,255,1) 100%);background:-o-linear-gradient(left,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 56%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 100%);background:-ms-linear-gradient(left,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 56%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 100%);background:linear-gradient(left,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 56%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 100%);-webkit-filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#00ffffff',endColorstr='#ffffff',GradientType=1 );filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#00ffffff',endColorstr='#ffffff',GradientType=1 );} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer{background-color:#F2F2F2;border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .minimize_btn{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;margin-top:10px;min-width:55px;} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .minimize_btn{display:none;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .expand_btn{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;margin-top:10px;min-width:55px;display:none;} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .expand_btn{display:none;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{-webkit-flex:9;-ms-flex:9;flex:9;text-align:left;padding:21px 37px 10px 0px;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 18px 10px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 21px 10px 21px;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;padding:16px 0 16px 0;min-width:62px;max-width:62px;} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:16px 0 17px 0;min-width:52px;max-width:52px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:15px 0 17px 0;min-width:60px;max-width:60px;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{font-size:14px;padding:0px 18px 17px 22px;} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 15px 15px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 18px 19px 21px;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text figcaption{margin:0;padding:0;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text svg{max-width:100%;} .hMPMVR ol{font-size:16px;padding-left:32px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;line-height:24px;margin:15px 0;} .hMPMVR ol li{margin:10px 0;padding-left:10px;word-break:normal;} .hMPMVR ol li a{word-break:break-all;} .hMPMVR ol li .reflinks{display:block;} .hMPMVR ol li .reflinks a{color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .hMPMVR ol li .reflinks a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} .hMPMVR ol li .reflinks .sep{color:#000000;} .hMPMVR .table-wrapper{width:auto;overflow-x:auto;} .hMPMVR .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar{-webkit-appearance:none;width:5px;height:5px;} .hMPMVR .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:5px;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.5);} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .table-wrapper{overflow-x:auto;width:auto;-webkit-break-word:word-break;break-word:word-break;margin:0 auto;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hMPMVR .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:1324px){.hMPMVR .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:320px){.hMPMVR{margin-bottom:33px;padding:0;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hMPMVR{padding:0;margin-bottom:100px;}} @media (min-width:1325px){.hMPMVR{margin-bottom:100px;}} .hMPMVR .owl-stage{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-middle--thumbs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot svg{fill:#4D8A17;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot strong{color:#4D8A17;font-weight:500;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active strong{color:#007B8B;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active svg{fill:#007B8B;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot .nowrap{white-space:nowrap;} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-dot{text-align:center;cursor:pointer;border:0;width:100px;padding-bottom:20px;background-color:#fff;display:table-cell;} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-dot:focus-visible{outline-offset:-3px;} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-dot strong{font-size:11px;padding-top:12px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-dot strong{font-size:16px;}} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-dot img{width:90px;height:90px;border:1px solid #979797;margin:10px 0;} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle{border-top:1px solid #e3e3e3;display:block;margin-bottom:50px;padding-top:1px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel--single-image{overflow:hidden;text-align:center;} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel--single-image img{width:100%;max-height:239px;height:auto;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel--single-image img{max-height:357px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel--single-image img{max-height:417px;}} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel--single-image strong{font-size:11px;padding-top:12px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel--single-image strong{font-size:16px;}} .hMPMVR .owl-nav,.hMPMVR .owl-dots{display:none;} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .owl-loaded{position:relative;height:auto;max-height:287px;} @media (min-width:767.6px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .owl-loaded{max-height:414px;}} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .owl-loaded{max-height:477px;}} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-content,.hMPMVR .owl-stage-outer,.hMPMVR .owl-stage{max-height:287px;height:auto;} @media (min-width:767.6px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-content,.hMPMVR .owl-stage-outer,.hMPMVR .owl-stage{max-height:414px;}} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-content,.hMPMVR .owl-stage-outer,.hMPMVR .owl-stage{max-height:477px;}} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-content::after,.hMPMVR .owl-stage-outer::after,.hMPMVR .owl-stage::after{background:transparent;} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle--thumbs{width:100%;overflow-x:auto;-webkit-align-items:self-start;-webkit-box-align:self-start;-ms-flex-align:self-start;align-items:self-start;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle--thumbs{width:calc(100% - 110px);}} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle--nav{width:100%;position:relative;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle--nav{width:20%;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-middle{position:relative;} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .carousel-prev{background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 17.5px;height:50px;width:61px;display:inline-block;border:0;border-right:1px solid #E3E3E3;padding:0;cursor:pointer;background-position-y:54.35%;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .carousel-prev{width:51px;background-position-x:8px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .carousel-prev{width:59px;background-position-x:16px;}} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .carousel-next{background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 18.5px;height:52px;width:61px;display:inline-block;padding:0px;cursor:pointer;border:0;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .carousel-next{width:51px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .carousel-next{width:59px;}} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .partial-carousel-next-prev{position:absolute;right:0;bottom:-50px;height:50px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .partial-carousel-next-prev{bottom:0;}} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-content{padding:12px;} .hMPMVR .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{border-left:none;} .hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-content{display:none;} .hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer{background-image:url(https://w2o-xhtml-parsed-preprod.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/table_thumb.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:17px 17px;background-size:100px 70px;border-top:none;min-height:110px;position:relative;} .hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .table-thumb-overlay{cursor:pointer;position:absolute;left:17px;top:17px;height:70px;width:100px;} .hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .caption-text{padding-left:137px;padding-right:0px;position:relative;} .hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .caption-text .caption-text-overlay{cursor:pointer;position:absolute;top:20px;left:135px;height:20px;width:60px;} .hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{color:black;display:block !important;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;width:auto;margin-left:140px;margin-right:20px;padding:0px 0px 15px 0px;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;} .hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .minimize_btn{display:none !important;} .hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .expand_btn{display:none !important;} @media (max-width:567px){.hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer{background-size:60px 45px;}.hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .table-thumb-overlay{height:45px;width:60px;}.hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .caption-text{padding:30px 0px 15px 95px;}.hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .caption-text .caption-text-overlay{top:30px;left:95px;}.hMPMVR .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{margin:0px 20px;}} .hMPMVR .owl-item{overflow-y:hidden;margin-bottom:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;} .hMPMVR .supplementary--docs{display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-left:2em;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR .supplementary--docs{padding-left:1em;}} .hMPMVR .supplementary--docs li{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;-webkit-flex:0 0 100%;-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hMPMVR .supplementary--docs li{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;-webkit-flex:0 0 50%;-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%;}} .hMPMVR .supplementary--docs li a::after{content:'';background :url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiPz4KPHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMjBweCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyMnB4IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMjAgMjIiIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayI+CiAgICA8IS0tIEdlbmVyYXRvcjogU2tldGNoIDUzLjIgKDcyNjQzKSAtIGh0dHBzOi8vc2tldGNoYXBwLmNvbSAtLT4KICAgIDx0aXRsZT5jaGV2cm9uLWRvd24gY29weSAzPC90aXRsZT4KICAgIDxkZXNjPkNyZWF0ZWQgd2l0aCBTa2V0Y2guPC9kZXNjPgogICAgPGRlZnM+CiAgICAgICAgPHBhdGggZD0iTTExLDEzLjU4NTc4NjQgTDExLDIgQzExLDEuNDQ3NzE1MjUgMTEuNDQ3NzE1MywxIDEyLDEgQzEyLjU1MjI4NDcsMSAxMywxLjQ0NzcxNTI1IDEzLDIgTDEzLDEzLjU4NTc4NjQgTDE1LjI5Mjg5MzIsMTEuMjkyODkzMiBDMTUuNjgzNDE3NSwxMC45MDIzNjg5IDE2LjMxNjU4MjUsMTAuOTAyMzY4OSAxNi43MDcxMDY4LDExLjI5Mjg5MzIgQzE3LjA5NzYzMTEsMTEuNjgzNDE3NSAxNy4wOTc2MzExLDEyLjMxNjU4MjUgMTYuNzA3MTA2OCwxMi43MDcxMDY4IEwxMi43MDcxMDY4LDE2LjcwNzEwNjggQzEyLjMxNjU4MjUsMTcuMDk3NjMxMSAxMS42ODM0MTc1LDE3LjA5NzYzMTEgMTEuMjkyODkzMiwxNi43MDcxMDY4IEw3LjI5Mjg5MzIyLDEyLjcwNzEwNjggQzYuOTAyMzY4OTMsMTIuMzE2NTgyNSA2LjkwMjM2ODkzLDExLjY4MzQxNzUgNy4yOTI4OTMyMiwxMS4yOTI4OTMyIEM3LjY4MzQxNzUxLDEwLjkwMjM2ODkgOC4zMTY1ODI0OSwxMC45MDIzNjg5IDguNzA3MTA2NzgsMTEuMjkyODkzMiBMMTEsMTMuNTg1Nzg2NCBaIE0yLDE3IEMyLDE2LjQ0NzcxNTMgMi40NDc3MTUyNSwxNiAzLDE2IEMzLjU1MjI4NDc1LDE2IDQsMTYuNDQ3NzE1MyA0LDE3IEw0LDIwIEM0LDIwLjU1MjI4NDcgNC40NDc3MTUyNSwyMSA1LDIxIEwxOSwyMSBDMTkuNTUyMjg0NywyMSAyMCwyMC41NTIyODQ3IDIwLDIwIEwyMCwxNyBDMjAsMTYuNDQ3NzE1MyAyMC40NDc3MTUzLDE2IDIxLDE2IEMyMS41NTIyODQ3LDE2IDIyLDE2LjQ0NzcxNTMgMjIsMTcgTDIyLDIwIEMyMiwyMS42NTY4NTQyIDIwLjY1Njg1NDIsMjMgMTksMjMgTDUsMjMgQzMuMzQzMTQ1NzUsMjMgMiwyMS42NTY4NTQyIDIsMjAgTDIsMTcgWiIgaWQ9InBhdGgtMSI+PC9wYXRoPgogICAgPC9kZWZzPgogICAgPGcgaWQ9IlN5bWJvbHMiIHN0cm9rZT0ibm9uZSIgc3Ryb2tlLXdpZHRoPSIxIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiBmaWxsLXJ1bGU9ImV2ZW5vZGQiPgogICAgICAgIDxnIGlkPSJTaWRlYmFycy9EZXNrdG9wL0FydGljbGUtU2lkZWJhciIgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoLTI5MS4wMDAwMDAsIC0xMzQuMDAwMDAwKSI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxnIGlkPSJEb3dubG9hZC1yZWZlcmVuY2UiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDAuMDAwMDAwLCAxMTIuMDAwMDAwKSI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8ZyBpZD0iVHlwZS1hbmQtaWNvbnMiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDIwLjAwMDAwMCwgMjEuMDAwMDAwKSI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPGcgaWQ9Ikljb25zL0Rvd25sb2FkIiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgyNjkuMDAwMDAwLCAwLjAwMDAwMCkiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8ZyBpZD0iZG93bmxvYWQiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPG1hc2sgaWQ9Im1hc2stMiIgZmlsbD0id2hpdGUiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDx1c2UgeGxpbms6aHJlZj0iI3BhdGgtMSI+PC91c2U+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8L21hc2s+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8dXNlIGlkPSJDb21iaW5lZC1TaGFwZSIgZmlsbD0iIzAwMDAwMCIgZmlsbC1ydWxlPSJub256ZXJvIiB4bGluazpocmVmPSIjcGF0aC0xIj48L3VzZT4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDxnIGlkPSJDT0xPUi8tUHJpbWFyeS1HcmVlbiIgbWFzaz0idXJsKCNtYXNrLTIpIiBmaWxsPSIjOGVkMTU0IiBmaWxsLXJ1bGU9ImV2ZW5vZGQiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDxyZWN0IGlkPSJSZWN0YW5nbGUiIHg9IjAiIHk9IjAiIHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCI+PC9yZWN0PgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPC9nPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8L2c+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPC9nPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPC9nPgogICAgICAgICAgICA8L2c+CiAgICAgICAgPC9nPgogICAgPC9nPgo8L3N2Zz4=) no-repeat 5px;padding-right:35px;background-size:14px;} .hMPMVR .dataset-section .supplementary--dpis-desc{padding-left:19px;} .hMPMVR .dataset-section .supplementary--dpis-desc p{margin:10px 0;} .hMPMVR .table-group.fixed-width,.hMPMVR .table-group.sidewaystable{min-width:auto;} .hMPMVR .noliststyle{padding-left:1em;} .hMPMVR .noliststyle li{padding-left:0;} .hMPMVR .xml-content > hr{display:none;} .hMPMVR sup,.hMPMVR sub{vertical-align:baseline;position:relative;top:5px;} .hMPMVR sup{top:-5px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR a{position:relative;}} .hMPMVR a div.tooltip{cursor:auto;position:absolute;width:280px;background:#fff;border:1px solid #adadad;padding:20px;margin:0;display:none;z-index:2;color:#000;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR a div.tooltip{width:400px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hMPMVR a div.tooltip{width:572px;}} .hMPMVR a div.tooltip .cross{position:absolute;right:10px;top:10px;display:block;height:14px;width:14px;cursor:pointer;} .hMPMVR a div.tooltip ol{margin:0;padding:0 0 10px 20px;} .hMPMVR a div.tooltip ol li{text-align:left;margin:0;} .hMPMVR a div.tooltip.left{left:20px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR a div.tooltip.left{left:-20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hMPMVR a div.tooltip.left{left:-100px;}} .hMPMVR a div.tooltip.right{right:20px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hMPMVR a div.tooltip.right{right:-20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hMPMVR a div.tooltip.right{right:-100px;}} .hMPMVR a div.tooltip a.seeRef{padding-left:30px;} .hMPMVR .gloss-abbr tr td:first-child{white-space:nowrap;} .hMPMVR table.algorithm td{word-break:keep-all;} .hMPMVR h4#copyright + p a{word-break:break-word;} /* sc-component-id: sc-bGbJRg */ .dVCLgr{width:100%;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dVCLgr{width:19%;}} @media (min-width:1280px){.dVCLgr{width:24%;max-width:350px;}} .dVCLgr p{border:1px solid #E3E3E3;} /* sc-component-id: sc-bEjcJn */ .jLUVhb{-webkit-flex:1 0 30%;-ms-flex:1 0 30%;flex:1 0 30%;list-style:none;padding:0;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;} @media (min-width:320px) and (max-width:991.5px){.jLUVhb{position:fixed;width:100%;z-index:2;margin:0;margin-top:50px;top:169px;max-height:calc(100vh - 165px);overflow-y:auto;}} @media (min-width:767.5px) and (max-width:991.5px){.jLUVhb{top:179px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px) and (max-width:1200px){.jLUVhb{max-width:354px;-webkit-flex:1 0 20%;-ms-flex:1 0 20%;flex:1 0 20%;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.jLUVhb{-webkit-flex:1 0 25%;-ms-flex:1 0 25%;flex:1 0 25%;max-width:354px;}} .jLUVhb p{margin:0;padding:10px 0;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;line-height:24px;display:none;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jLUVhb p{display:block;padding:10px 20px;border:1px solid #E3E3E3;border-bottom:0;}} .jLUVhb.links__hidden{display:none;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jLUVhb.links__hidden{display:block;}} .jLUVhb.translate{-webkit-transform :translateY(-120px);-ms-transform :translateY(-120px);transform :translateY(-120px);} @media (min-width:768px){.jLUVhb.translate{-webkit-transform:translateY(-130px);-ms-transform:translateY(-130px);transform:translateY(-130px);}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jLUVhb.translate{-webkit-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none;}.jLUVhb.translate #leftSectionMenu{-webkit-transform:translateY(-130px);-ms-transform:translateY(-130px);transform:translateY(-130px);}} /* sc-component-id: sc-ePZHVD */ .ewHMLz{color:#4A4A4A;} /* sc-component-id: sc-likbZx */ .bBmZJZ{font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:20px;color:#4A4A4A;border:1px solid #E3E3E3;border-bottom:0;background-color:#f2f2f2;display:list-item;} @media (min-width:991px){.bBmZJZ{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.bBmZJZ:hover{background-color :#D8D8D8;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} .bBmZJZ:last-child{border-bottom:1px solid #E3E3E3;} .bBmZJZ a{display:block;padding:10px 20px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-eKZiaR */ .dzZrgS{position:fixed;width:100%;height:50px;color:#4D8A17;background-color:#F2F2F2;border:none;font-size:16px;line-height:18px;font-weight:500;z-index:2;top:170px;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;text-align:left;border-top:1px solid #FFFFFF;} @media (min-width:320px) and (max-width:991.5px){.dzZrgS{padding-left:15px;border-bottom:4px solid #FFFFFF;}.dzZrgS.is-open{border-bottom:4px solid #F2F2F2;}} @media (min-width:767.5px){.dzZrgS{top:179px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dzZrgS{display:none;}} .dzZrgS .icon__dots{cursor:pointer;-webkit-transform:rotate(90deg) translateY(8px);-ms-transform:rotate(90deg) translateY(8px);transform:rotate(90deg) translateY(8px);margin-right:15px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dzZrgS .icon__dots{padding-right:20px;margin-bottom:2px;-webkit-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none;}} .dzZrgS.translate{-webkit-transform :translateY(-120px);-ms-transform :translateY(-120px);transform :translateY(-120px);top:170px;} @media(min-width:991.5px){.dzZrgS.translate{-webkit-transform :translateY(-130px) rotate(90deg);-ms-transform :translateY(-130px) rotate(90deg);transform :translateY(-130px) rotate(90deg);}} /* sc-component-id: sc-jrIrqw */ .eHMFfo{padding:0;margin:20px 0;} .eHMFfo span{font-size:14px;} .eHMFfo span.isHide{display:none;} .eHMFfo span i{font-style:italic;} .eHMFfo span i.isHide{display:none;} /* sc-component-id: sc-hjRWVT */ .irNWJI{width:16px;margin:0 2px 2px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-iQtOjA */ .kfDwZY{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;border:none;font-size:12px;font-weight:500;margin-top:7px;padding:0;color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .kfDwZY:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.kfDwZY{margin-top:5px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-fHxwqH */ .dMuGGA{overflow-y:hidden;height:auto;max-height:100%;-webkit-transition:all .5s;transition:all .5s;} .dMuGGA.isHide{max-height:0;-webkit-transition:all .5s;transition:all .5s;} .dMuGGA p:first-child{margin-top:15px;} .dMuGGA p{font-size:14px;line-height:23px;display:block;} .dMuGGA sup{margin-top:-5px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-cEvuZC */ .XkrFe{border:none;border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;height:2px;margin:15px 0;} .XkrFe.hr__author{margin-bottom:12px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-cBdUnI */ @media (min-width:320px) and (max-width:991.5px){.hRnXob{display:none;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hRnXob{z-index:1;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-exkUMo */ .hymroZ{background-color:#6ba339;color:#ffffff;display:none;} .hymroZ span.text{padding-left:20px;} @media (min-width:991px){.hymroZ{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.hymroZ:hover{background-color :#D8D8D8;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-kcDeIU */ .cbcyj{background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#4a4a4a;display:none;} .cbcyj span.text{padding-left:20px;} @media (min-width:991.5px) and (max-width:1279.5px){.cbcyj{display:none !important;}} @media (min-width:991px){.cbcyj{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.cbcyj:hover{background-color :#D8D8D8;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.cbcyj.hide{display:none !important;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-BngTV */ .hmDWcT{background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#4a4a4a;display:none;} .hmDWcT span.text{padding-left:20px;} @media (min-width:1279.5px){.hmDWcT{display:none !important;}} @media (min-width:991px){.hmDWcT{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.hmDWcT:hover{background-color :#5D9230;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hmDWcT.hide{display:none !important;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-hBbWxd */ .kdRRST{background-color:#f2f2f2;border-top:1px solid #ffffff;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;font-size:14px;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:20px 55px 20px 25px;} @media (max-width:1279.5px){.kdRRST{padding-right:20px;}} @media (max-width:991.5px){.kdRRST{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-dyGzUR */ .cHatnS div{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;} .cHatnS div:last-of-type{padding-top:20px;} .cHatnS span{color:#4F4F4F;font-size:20px;font-weight:700;line-height:26px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-drKuOJ */ .kxdGAZ{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column-reverse;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse;flex-direction:column-reverse;height:100%;-webkit-box-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;} .kxdGAZ span{padding-top:15px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-cTjmhe */ @media (min-width:991.5px){.ihmyEq{width:100%;z-index:1;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-cugefK */ .itFKcQ{background-color:#F2F2F2;color:#4A4A4A;border-top:1px solid #FFFFFF;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;padding:20px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;cursor:pointer;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;} @media (min-width:991px){.itFKcQ{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.itFKcQ:hover{background-color :#D8D8D8;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.itFKcQ.hide{display:none !important;}} .itFKcQ.active .icon-themeable{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);} /* sc-component-id: sc-fnwBNb */ .etzuBr{display:none;} /* sc-component-id: sc-iNhVCk */ .gWgCNb{background-color:#f2f2f2;border-radius:0;border-top:1px solid #e3e3e3;font-size:16px;color:#4a4a4a;font-weight:500;padding:11px 20px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;} @media (min-width:991px){.gWgCNb{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.gWgCNb:hover{background-color :#D8D8D8;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-eAKXzc */ .WHkfb{-webkit-flex:1 0 90%;-ms-flex:1 0 90%;flex:1 0 90%;padding-left:50px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.WHkfb{padding-left:93px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.WHkfb{padding-left:50px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-bfYoXt */ .cGuwDn{width:20px;height:24px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-gbOuXE */ .jGPvPL{width:22px;height:21px;padding:2px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-dRFtgE */ .jrsDZP{-webkit-flex:1 0 80%;-ms-flex:1 0 80%;flex:1 0 80%;padding-left:26px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jrsDZP{padding-left:69px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jrsDZP{padding-left:20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px) and (max-width:1279.5px){.jrsDZP{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-gkFcWv */ .gWTCXQ{display:none;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.gWTCXQ{padding-left:20px;max-width:100px;display:inline;}} @media (min-width:1279.5px){.gWTCXQ{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-hUfwpO */ .jHPgUP{width:100%;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:none;cursor:pointer;} .jHPgUP li{background-color:#f2f2f2;} @media (min-width:991px){.jHPgUP li{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.jHPgUP li:hover{background-color :#ffffff;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} .jHPgUP h3{display:none;} /* sc-component-id: sc-imABML */ .ibWUzs{background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#4a4a4a;display:block;border-top:1px solid #ffffff;border-radius:0;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;padding:20px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;cursor:pointer;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;} .ibWUzs .right__icon{padding:0;height:16px;width:20px;} @media (min-width:991px){.ibWUzs{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.ibWUzs:hover{background-color :#D8D8D8;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.ibWUzs.hide{display:none !important;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-cjHlYL */ .hYnXNL{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:25%;float:right;margin-top:-49px;} @media (max-width:374px){.hYnXNL{width:26.5%;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hYnXNL{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-dRaagA */ .hGCBfz{background-color:#6BA339;color:white;-webkit-flex:1 0 25%;-ms-flex:1 0 25%;flex:1 0 25%;z-index:100;padding:14px 16px 10px 19px;border-radius:0px;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF;} @media (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767px){.hGCBfz{border-bottom:none;padding:16px 16px 14px 16px;font-size:14px;}.hGCBfz .article_toolbar_icon{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-fEUNkw */ .dfaOeH{margin-right:16px;width:24px;height:24px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-dREXXX */ .cqhPZs{width:16px;height:auto;float:right;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.cqhPZs{width:24px;height:24px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-nrwXf */ .byflLi{font-size:14px;padding:16px 20px 24px;} @media (max-width:991px){.byflLi{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-eitiEO */ .jXeALb{font-size:14px;} .jXeALb:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} /* sc-component-id: sc-bhlBdH */ .UVThf{font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;} /* sc-component-id: sc-OxbzP */ .eEFYIL{width:100%;height:auto;background-color:#4A4A4A;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:500;color:#fff;padding:15px 20px;line-height:20px;position:fixed;bottom:0px;z-index:3;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform .25s;-webkit-transition:transform .25s;transition:transform .25s;} .eEFYIL a{color:#7ED321;} .eEFYIL p{display:inline;margin:0;} .eEFYIL.hideBanner{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);-ms-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%);} /* sc-component-id: sc-bYnzgO */ .dsXEHZ{background:transparent;border:none;height:20px;width:20px;margin-left:20px;padding:0;cursor:pointer;} /* sc-component-id: sc-cPuPxo */ .iXKuYd{min-width:20px;height:20px;} /* sc-component-id: baseContent__Main-sc-134g3di-2 */ .cmzomn{margin-top:140px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.cmzomn{margin-top:85px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.cmzomn{margin-top:70px;min-height:calc(100vh - 334px);}} /* sc-component-id: threeColumn__ThreeColumnWrapper-sc-1bf4078-0 */ .dDyxFF{width:100%;} @media only screen and (min-width:992px){.dDyxFF{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-flow:row wrap;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;padding:0 20px;max-width:1440px;margin:0 auto;}} @media (min-width:991.5px) and (max-width:1100.5px){.dDyxFF .partenership__collabText{font-size:12px;}} @media (min-width:1100.5px) and (max-width:1200.5px){.dDyxFF .partenership__collabText{font-size:14px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px) and (max-width:1071.5px){.dDyxFF .partenership__logoWrapper img{margin-left:20px;margin-bottom:10px;}.dDyxFF .partenership__logoWrapper img:last-child{margin-left:0;margin-bottom:0;}} @media (max-width:1150px){.dDyxFF .journal-metrics-container{display:none;}.dDyxFF .journal_report_link-border-helper{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: threeColumn__LeftWrapper-sc-1bf4078-1 */ @media only screen and (min-width:992px){.fkVFlF{width:20%;}} @media only screen and (min-width:1280px){.fkVFlF{width:25%;}} /* sc-component-id: threeColumn__RightWrapper-sc-1bf4078-2 */ .jzTMLK{-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;} @media only screen and (min-width:992px){.jzTMLK{width:20%;margin-bottom:60px;}.jzTMLK.translate{-webkit-transform:translateY(-130px);-ms-transform:translateY(-130px);transform:translateY(-130px);}} @media only screen and (min-width:1280px){.jzTMLK{width:25%;}} /* sc-component-id: threeColumn__ContentWrapper-sc-1bf4078-3 */ .bbzREB{margin:0 20px;overflow:hidden;} @media only screen and (min-width:992px){.bbzREB{width:calc(60% - 40px);}} @media only screen and (min-width:1280px){.bbzREB{width:calc(50% - 40px);}} /* sc-component-id: threeColumn__Content-sc-1bf4078-4 */ .jknsZc{margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden;} @media only screen and (min-width:768px){.jknsZc{max-width:688px;}} @media only screen and (min-width:992px){.jknsZc{max-width:100%;}} @media only screen and (min-width:1075px){.jknsZc{max-width:572px;}} /* sc-component-id: article__BaseStyle-sc-10qhnp8-0 */ .gnduKR{width:100%;margin-top:170px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.gnduKR{margin-top:179px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.gnduKR{margin-top:180px;min-height:840px;}} /* sc-component-id: article__StickyStyle-sc-10qhnp8-1 */ .fJLQxX{width:100%;max-width:1440px;z-index:3;-webkit-transition:all 0.5s;transition:all 0.5s;} .fJLQxX.translate{-webkit-transform:translateY(-120px);-ms-transform:translateY(-120px);transform:translateY(-120px);} @media (min-width:767.5px){.fJLQxX.translate{-webkit-transform:translateY(-130px);-ms-transform:translateY(-130px);transform:translateY(-130px);}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.fJLQxX.translate{-webkit-transform:translateY(-130px);-ms-transform:translateY(-130px);transform:translateY(-130px);}} /* sc-component-id: article__SubtitleStyled-sc-10qhnp8-2 */ .elhyhe{background-color:#007b8b;opacity:0.8;color:#fff;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:17px 0 17px 20px;line-height:23px;height:60px;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;font-size:20px;font-weight:500;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.elhyhe{line-height:26px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.elhyhe{line-height:50px;padding:5px 0 5px 20px;height:60px;}} /* sc-component-id: article__JournalMenuTitle-sc-10qhnp8-3 */ .jCfZqq{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:20px;height:50px;width:100%;background-color:#007b8b;color:#fff;text-align:left;padding-left:14px;padding-right:0;border:0;border-top:1px solid #fff;} .jCfZqq span{font-size:24px;padding-right:14px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jCfZqq{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: article__WhiteWrapper-sc-10qhnp8-5 */ .bJcSpM{background-color:#fff;display:block;position:relative;} .bJcSpM h1,.bJcSpM h2{color:#fff;} .bJcSpM h2{font-size:20px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.bJcSpM h2{font-size:25px;}} .bJcSpM h1{font-size:20px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.bJcSpM h1{font-size:24px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.bJcSpM h1{font-size:40px;}} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__ArticleContentsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-0 */ .eSvjPB{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;} .eSvjPB .author__editor--hr{display:block;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 */ .jntdRu{width:100%;} @media (max-width:991.5px){.jntdRu{margin-top:52px;}} .jntdRu p{margin:12px 0;line-height:20px;} .jntdRu .articlecontent__alignment{width:100%;min-width:306px;padding-left:7px;padding-right:7px;} @media (min-width:346px){.jntdRu .articlecontent__alignment{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jntdRu .articlecontent__alignment{width:543px;margin:auto;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jntdRu .articlecontent__alignment{max-width:612px;width:75%;margin:inherit;margin-left:50px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}} @media (min-width:1100px){.jntdRu .articlecontent__alignment{margin-left:118px;}} .jntdRu .article__title{padding-bottom:12px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jntdRu .article__title{padding-bottom:15px;}} .jntdRu .article__summary{padding-bottom:65px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jntdRu .article__summary{padding-bottom:75px;}} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jntdRu #vjs_video_3 button{-webkit-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none;left:40%;margin-top:0;}} .jntdRu .video-js .vjs-big-play-button{top:calc(50% - 22.5px);left:calc(50% - 50px);} .jntdRu .video-js{margin:20px 0;} .jntdRu a{color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .jntdRu a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 */ .hAzjHP{background-position:0px 0px;background-origin:content-box;background-size:99%;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 */ .evMkvU{padding:0;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 */ .fjviok{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:15px 0 30px;border-bottom:1px solid #E3E3E3;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.fjviok{border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;margin:20px 0 30px;}} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 */ .hgKieC{-webkit-flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%;border-right:1px solid #E3E3E3;padding:5px 0 15px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hgKieC{padding:5px 0;}} .hgKieC.notPublished{display:none;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hgKieC.notPublished{display:block;}} @media (max-width:767.5px){.hgKieC.isPublished{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.hgKieC.isPublished span:first-child::after{content:':';padding-right:3px;}} .hgKieC:last-child{border-right:none;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 */ .cIribm{display:block;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 */ .khHUcu{display:block;text-align:center;font-size:14px;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 */ .fYrLtk{margin:-7px 0 -5px;font-size:14px;} /* sc-component-id: biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 */ .eyHfWh{position:relative;} .eyHfWh.hide{display:none;} .eyHfWh hr{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:-30px;border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;border-bottom:0;}.cBTaXT.hide{display:none;} .cBTaXT hr{display:none;} /* sc-component-id: biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 */ @font-face{font-family:'STIXGeneral-Bold';src:url('https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/_next/static/_/hindawi-ui/fonts/STIXGeneral-Regular.otf');} .kCVTCa{padding:0 20px 20px;} .kCVTCa .bib__image{display:none;} .kCVTCa .bib__title{font-size:20px;} .kCVTCa .bib__name{font-size:18px;font-family:'STIXGeneral-Bold',serif !important;color:rgb(74,74,74);font-weight:700;} .kCVTCa .bib--split .bib__link .bib__info,.kCVTCa .bib--split .bib__link.bib__link--image .bib__info,.kCVTCa [class*='bib--txt'] .bib__link .bib__info,.kCVTCa [class*='bib--txt'] .bib__link.bib__link--image .bib__info{padding:10px 0 !important;} .kCVTCa .bib__author{font-size:14px;line-height:22px;color:rgb(132,132,132);margin-top:3px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-right:20px;opacity:1;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;font-weight:500;} .kCVTCa #biblio_sidebar .bib__link{border-top:1px solid rgb(227,227,227) !important;padding-top:5px !important;padding-bottom:5px !important;} .kCVTCa #biblio_sidebar .bib__link:first-child{border-top:0 !important;padding-top:0 !important;} .kCVTCa #biblio_sidebar .bib__link:first-child .bib__info{padding-top:0 !important;} .kCVTCa #biblio_widget .bib--split .bib__link .bib__info,.kCVTCa #biblio_widget .bib--split .bib__link.bib__link--image .bib__info{padding:10px 15px 10px 0 !important;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.kCVTCa{padding:0 40px 20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.kCVTCa{padding:0 20px;}} /* sc-component-id: biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 */ .becpDt{font-size:20px;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans';color:#000;font-weight:600;margin-top:34px;margin-bottom:18px;padding:0 20px;} /* sc-component-id: journal_article__ArticleStickyTopToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-0 */ .gbrQxi{display:none;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.gbrQxi{display:block;}.gbrQxi .article_top_toolbar{top:110px;z-index:-100;}.gbrQxi .article_top_toolbar .pdf_desktop{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.gbrQxi .article_top_toolbar .ref_desktop{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}} .gbrQxi .article_toolbar_views{margin-top:-58px;display:block;text-align:right;} /* sc-component-id: journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-1 */ @media (min-width:991.5px){.isgRZA .article_bottom_toolbar{top:292px;z-index:-10;}} /* sc-component-id: journal_article__BreadCrumbStyle-sc-12fk6zy-2 */ @media (min-width:991.5px){.bjwAQR{padding:16px 20px 24px;height:60px;}} /* sc-component-id: journal_article__ArticleBaseStyle-sc-12fk6zy-3 */ .NQpXC .content,.NQpXC .contentWrapper{overflow:visible;} /* sc-component-id: journal_article__BiblioIntegratorSidebar-sc-12fk6zy-4 */ .cYsVdk{max-width:350px;} @media (max-width:991.5px){.cYsVdk{display:none !important;}} /* sc-component-id: journal_article__BiblioIntegratorWidget-sc-12fk6zy-5 */ .dbAANp{background-color:#f5f5f5;padding:15px 20px 24px 20px;margin-top:2px;margin-bottom:20px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dbAANp{margin-top:-64px;margin-bottom:40px;}} .dbAANp .hrTitleRef{padding:0;margin-top:0;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;} .dbAANp #biblio_widget{padding:0;}</style> </head> <body style="margin:0;box-sizing:border-box"> <div id="__next"> <div class="static_page"> <div class="page no__focus__outline"> <header class="sc-fjdhpX jzXSTA"> <div class="sc-bZQynM bNmdOy E_HUmlU2Hj3PpkDmWzKPd header__padding"> <div class="sc-kAzzGY epRoim mobileLogoFlex _1fpqArXPCxgnlv2rXZC2sl _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/" aria-label="Home"><img alt="标志”年代rc=”https://preprod-admin.w2o.hindawi.com/themes/custom/hindawi_extended/logo.svg" class="sc-ckVGcZ gjctdt"></a> </div> <div class="sc-jzJRlG jGJLow mobileButtonFlex _2v1j-tLx3hx0tgKcpPzH6B _3wm8FgzqRuRWouJG31YgKx E_HUmlU2Hj3PpkDmWzKPd"> <nav class="sc-bxivhb ivbKJD"> <ul class="sc-ifAKCX fopjOz sc-kpOJdX kAzjOl"> <li class="navigation__link"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link link" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/" aria-label="Journals">期刊</一个></li> <li class="navigation__link"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link link" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/" aria-label="Publish with us">雷电竞下载苹果</a></li> <li class="navigation__link"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link link" href="//www.newsama.com/publishing-partnerships/" aria-label="Publishing partnerships">raybet推荐吗</a></li> <li class="navigation__link"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link link" href="//www.newsama.com/about/" aria-label="About us">关于我们</一个></li> <li class="navigation__link"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link link" href="//www.newsama.com/blog/" aria-label="Blog">博客</一个></li> </ul> </nav> <button class="sc-chPdSV hbVEoI icon__search" aria-label="Search"><span class="sc-htoDjs khbeDd icon__search icon-colored _3hSk3ArgsWMFh5QJIGblNr icon-themeable" title="" font-size="24"></span></button> <button aria-label="Hamburger Menu" class="sc-cSHVUG ldSkVQ"><span class="sc-htoDjs khbeDd hamburger icon-colored _20YUA8q5mREEBfJm8VsdXV icon-themeable" title="" font-size="24"></span></button> </div> </div> </header> <div class="sc-bZQynM bNmdOy"></div> <main class="baseContent__Main-sc-134g3di-2 cmzomn article__BaseStyle-sc-10qhnp8-0 gnduKR DADtd11SJ4KyWZ2l6zAnr base_style journal_article__ArticleBaseStyle-sc-12fk6zy-3 NQpXC"> <div class="sc-bZQynM bNmdOy width_wrapper"> <div id="journal__navigation" class="sc-cbkKFq kuxTps article__StickyStyle-sc-10qhnp8-1 fJLQxX"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link article__WhiteWrapper-sc-10qhnp8-5 bJcSpM" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/" aria-label=""><h2 class="sc-eHgmQL fTkdCR article__SubtitleStyled-sc-10qhnp8-2 elhyhe _1ZrXcsbATVL_kHOpFAan9k">国际期刊的数字多媒体广播</h2gydF4y2Ba></a> <button class="article__JournalMenuTitle-sc-10qhnp8-3 jCfZqq journalNavCheck" id="journalMenuTitle"><span>+</年代pan>杂志菜单</gydF4y2Babutton> <div class="sc-bdVaJa EwsTm isHide" id="fadeOut"></div> <div class="sc-cjHlYL hYnXNL"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-dRaagA hGCBfz article-toolbar-link" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087.pdf" aria-label="" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-fEUNkw dfaOeH article_toolbar_icon" title="" role="presentation" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/src/icon/svg/pdf.svg" height="24">PDF<我米g一个lt=””cl一个年代年代="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-dREXXX cqhPZs" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"></a> </div> <nav id="journal__nav" class="sc-hGoxap dEfJbW article__JournalNavigationStyle-sc-10qhnp8-4 gaRePw isHide journalNavCheck"> <div class="sc-giadOv eBepOs journalNavCheck"> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-fjmCvl fSPaCp journalNavCheck" color="">日报》概述<年代pan class="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-bHwgHz ctePXh journalNavCheck icon__inactive icon-white _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span><span class="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-bHwgHz ctePXh journalNavCheck icon__active icon-colored icon__hidden _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span></button> </div> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-TFwJa gCIfTO" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/guidelines/" aria-label="For authors">对于作者</一个> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-TFwJa gCIfTO" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/reviewers/" aria-label="For reviewers">对于审查员</一个> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-TFwJa gCIfTO" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/editors/" aria-label="For editors">的编辑器</一个> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-TFwJa gCIfTO" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/contents/year/2021/" aria-label="Table of Contents">表的内容</一个> <div class="sc-giadOv eBepOs journalNavCheck"> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-fjmCvl bVEEaH journalNavCheck" color="">特殊的问题<年代pan class="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-bHwgHz ctePXh journalNavCheck icon__inactive icon-white _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span><span class="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-bHwgHz ctePXh journalNavCheck icon__active icon-colored icon__hidden _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span></button> </div> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW hHKuAX submit__button journalNavCheck" href="https://review.hindawi.com/submit?journal=ijdmb" aria-label="" target="" id=""><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ jUTgTa" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0iMTgiIGhlaWdodD0iMjIiIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxOCAyMiI+PGRlZnM+PGNsaXBQYXRoIGlkPSJhIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNMywyMmEzLDMsMCwwLDEtMy0zVjNBMywzLDAsMCwxLDMsMGg4YS45OTEuOTkxLDAsMCwxLC41NzMuMTgxbDAsMCwuMDA4LjAwNmEuOTU1Ljk1NSwwLDAsMSwuMTIyLjFsNiw2YTEuMDI1LDEuMDI1LDAsMCwxLC4xLjEyMmwuMDA2LjAxLDAsMEExLDEsMCwwLDEsMTgsNi45NzVWMTlhMywzLDAsMCwxLTMsM1pNMiwzVjE5YTEsMSwwLDAsMCwxLDFIMTVhMSwxLDAsMCwwLDEtMVY4SDExYTEsMSwwLDAsMS0xLTFWMkgzQTEsMSwwLDAsMCwyLDNaTTEyLDZoMi41ODdMMTIsMy40MTRaTTgsMTdWMTVINmExLDEsMCwwLDEsMC0ySDhWMTFhMSwxLDAsMSwxLDIsMHYyaDJhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDAsMkgxMHYyYTEsMSwwLDAsMS0yLDBaIiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgzIDEpIi8+PC9jbGlwUGF0aD48L2RlZnM+PGcgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoLTMgLTEpIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNMywyMmEzLDMsMCwwLDEtMy0zVjNBMywzLDAsMCwxLDMsMGg4YS45OTEuOTkxLDAsMCwxLC41NzMuMTgxbDAsMCwuMDA4LjAwNmEuOTU1Ljk1NSwwLDAsMSwuMTIyLjFsNiw2YTEuMDI1LDEuMDI1LDAsMCwxLC4xLjEyMmwuMDA2LjAxLDAsMEExLDEsMCwwLDEsMTgsNi45NzVWMTlhMywzLDAsMCwxLTMsM1pNMiwzVjE5YTEsMSwwLDAsMCwxLDFIMTVhMSwxLDAsMCwwLDEtMVY4SDExYTEsMSwwLDAsMS0xLTFWMkgzQTEsMSwwLDAsMCwyLDNaTTEyLDZoMi41ODdMMTIsMy40MTRaTTgsMTdWMTVINmExLDEsMCwwLDEsMC0ySDhWMTFhMSwxLDAsMSwxLDIsMHYyaDJhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDAsMkgxMHYyYTEsMSwwLDAsMS0yLDBaIiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgzIDEpIi8+PGcgY2xpcC1wYXRoPSJ1cmwoI2EpIj48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMjQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjQiIGZpbGw9InJnYmEoMCwwLDAsMCkiLz48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMjQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjQiIGZpbGw9IiNmZmYiLz48L2c+PC9nPjwvc3ZnPg==" height="24"><span class="text">提交</年代pan></span><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored undefined icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-krDsej ewCAZX hide__submenu journalSubmenuCheck" id="journalnav__submenu"> <button class="sc-itybZL kdvWPs journalSubmenuCheck"><span class="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-fzsDOv hAFFGk journalSubmenuCheck icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span></button> </div> <div class="sc-dTdPqK lkWWFY hide__submenu journal__nav__desktop" id="journalnav__submenudesktop"> <div order="0" class="sc-kUaPvJ ehYbwJ"> <div class="sc-gPWkxV legory"></div> <div class="sc-gPWkxV legory"></div> </div> <div class="sc-jVODtj epgILe"></div> <span class="sc-fONwsr kCfRMJ"></span> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="sc-nrwXf byflLi breadcrumb__wrapper journal_article__BreadCrumbStyle-sc-12fk6zy-2 bjwAQR article"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-eitiEO jXeALb breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/" aria-label="International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting">国际期刊的数字多媒体广播</一个>/<一个cl一个年代年代=”年代c- - - - - -htpNat bUhGXt link sc-eitiEO jXeALb breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/contents/year/2011/" aria-label="2011">2011年</一个>/<年代pan class="sc-bhlBdH UVThf">文章</年代pan> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ThreeColumnWrapper-sc-1bf4078-0 dDyxFF threeColumnWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__LeftWrapper-sc-1bf4078-1 fkVFlF leftWrapper"> <button type="button" class="sc-eKZiaR dzZrgS section__button " id="sectionButton"><span class="sc-htoDjs diutvq icon__dots dots__detector icon-colored _3n-7Ho7DlfjMlZbrRr9Q4a icon-themeable" title="" font-size="22"></span>文章部分</gydF4y2Babutton> <div class="sc-bEjcJn jLUVhb static_contents__section_links links__hidden "> <div id="leftSectionMenu" class="sc-cbkKFq prcY sc-bGbJRg dVCLgr left_section_menu"> <p>在这一页上</gydF4y2Bap> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#abstract" aria-label="">文摘</一个></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#introduction" aria-label="">介绍</一个></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#examples" aria-label="">例子</一个></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#conclusions" aria-label="">结论</一个></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#acknowledgments" aria-label="">确认</一个></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#references" aria-label="">引用</一个></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#copyright" aria-label="">版权</一个></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ContentWrapper-sc-1bf4078-3 bbzREB contentWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__Content-sc-1bf4078-4 jknsZc content"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-0 eSvjPB article_contents"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 jntdRu article_contents__sections_wrapper"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 hAzjHP"> <div class="sc-chbbiW mBGSe article_header_class"> <div class="sc-kxynE fgGykB"> <span class="sc-cooIXK gQxyld">特殊的问题</年代pan> <h2 class="sc-fcdeBU bVtmCk">智能电网的通信和网络:技术和实践</h2gydF4y2Ba> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-gmeYpB hSHJbi" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/si/825439/" aria-label="">把这个特殊的问题</一个> <hr class="sc-clNaTc ktFfKO"> </div> <p class="sc-kZmsYB bkiEfx article_type">研究文章|<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->开放获取</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="sc-RcBXQ ztvYg article_citation"> 体积<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 2011年<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</年代pan>文章的ID<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 502087年<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</年代pan> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fQejPQ duuwge" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/502087" aria-label="Doi-link">https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/502087</一个> </div> <div class="sc-LKuAh lcOiDF article_full_citation"> <div class="sc-hzNEM gsmOCv isHide"> <p>Raghuram Ranganathan罗伯特秋甄,Shujie侯,Marbin Pazos-Revilla,郑,哲,南郭<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> ”<年代pan class="adjust-article-svg-size">认知无线电智能电网:理论,算法和安全性</年代pan>”,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --><i>国际期刊的数字多媒体广播</我>,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 卷。<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2011年<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 文章的ID<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->502087年<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 14<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->   页面<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 2011年<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->。<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/502087</gydF4y2Bap> </div> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iBEsjs kPshFw" color="">显示引用</gydF4y2Babutton> </div> <h1 class="sc-iRbamj jZOxOO sc-iSDuPN hHHqqR article_title adjust-article-svg-size heading-title">认知无线电智能电网:理论,算法和安全性</h1gydF4y2Ba> </div> <div class="sc-jrIrqw eHMFfo article_authors"> <hr class="sc-cEvuZC XkrFe hr__author"> <span class=""><b>Raghuram Ranganathan</gydF4y2Bab><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail Option"><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-hjRWVT irNWJI icon-colored _2zt-1j0LmaF8UjTQAM413G icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a>,<年代up>1<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2</年代up></span> <span class="">罗伯特·邱<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<年代up>1<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2</年代up></span> <span class="">甄胡<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<年代up>1<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2</年代up></span> <span class="">Shujie侯<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<年代up>1<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2</年代up></span> <span class="">Marbin Pazos-Revilla<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<年代up>1<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2</年代up></span> <span class="">帮郑<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<年代up>1<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2</年代up></span> <span class="">哲陈<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<年代up>1<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2</年代up> 和</年代pan> <span class="">南郭<年代up>1<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2</年代up></span> <div class="sc-fHxwqH dMuGGA isHide"> <p><sup>1</年代up><span>电子与计算机工程系,制造研究中心,田纳西科技大学Cookeville, TN 38505,美国</年代pan></p> <p><sup>2</年代up><span>认知无线电研究所,田纳西科技大学、Cookeville TN 38505,美国</年代pan></p> </div> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iQtOjA kfDwZY" color="">显示更多</gydF4y2Babutton> </div> <div class="articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 evMkvU"> <div class="articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 fYrLtk"> <b>学术编辑器:</gydF4y2Bab>气周</d我v> <div class="articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 fjviok"> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">收到了</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">09年2月2011年</年代pan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">接受</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年3月24日</年代pan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC isPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">发表</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年6月13日</年代pan> </div> </div> </div> <article class="sc-jtRlXQ hMPMVR article_body "> <div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">文摘</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>最近,认知无线电和智能电网是两个地区已收到相当大的研究的动力。认知无线电是智能软件定义无线电(sdr),有效利用未使用的区域的频谱,实现更高的数据速率。智能电网是一个自动化的电力系统监测和控制网格的活动。本文的新颖概念结合认知无线电网络作为智能电网的通信基础设施。认知无线电的简要概述,IEEE 802.22标准和智能电网,提供。实验结果获得通过使用降维技术,如主成分分析(PCA),内核PCA和具有里程碑意义的最大方差展开(LMVU) wi - fi信号测量提出了频谱感知上下文。此外,如贝叶斯压缩感知算法压缩传感压缩传感卡尔曼滤波是用于恢复稀疏智能电表传输。从电力系统的角度来看,一个监督学习方法称为支持向量机(SVM)是用于电力系统扰动的自动分类。即将智能电网的保护问题也解决了,除了应用fpga的可能性模糊逻辑智能电网的入侵检测。</gydF4y2Bap> <span class="end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction">1。介绍</h4gydF4y2Ba> <h5 id="sec1.1">1.1。认知无线电</h5gydF4y2Ba> <p>认知无线电(CR)是一种智能软件定义无线电(SDR)技术,促进高效、可靠和未充分利用的无线电频谱的动态使用通过重新配置其操作参数和功能实时根据无线环境。认知无线电网络承诺解决带宽不足的问题通过允许无照设备传输未使用的“频谱空穴”许可乐队而不造成有害干扰授权用户(<一个href=”#B1">1</一个>- - - - - -<一个href=”#B4">4</一个>]。在概念上,认知技术配置广播协议的不同组合,操作频率和波形。目前对认知无线电的研究涵盖了广泛的领域;包括频谱感知、信道估计、频谱共享,和介质访问控制(MAC)。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>由于它的多功能性,CR网络预计将越来越多地部署在商业和军事动态频谱管理部门。为了开发一个标准CRs, IEEE 802.22工作组成立于2004年11月(<一个href=”#B5">5</一个>]。相应的IEEE 802.22标准定义了物理(体育)和介质访问控制(MAC)层无线局域网络(WRAN)使用电视中的空白54和862之间乐队?MHz,特别是在农村地区的使用可能会更低。IEEE 802.22标准的细节包括系统拓扑结构、系统容量,预计覆盖系统在下一节中给出。</gydF4y2Bap> <h5 id="sec1.2">1.2。802.22系统</h5gydF4y2Ba> <p>IEEE 802.22是第一个标准化空气界面CR网络基于机会利用电视广播频谱(<一个href=”#B6">6</一个>,<一个href=”#B7">7</一个>]。IEEE 802.22标准的主要目的是为宽带连接偏远地区提供可比DSL性能如有线电视和宽带技术,在城市地区。主要在这方面,美国联邦通信委员会选择了空置的电视台频道操作在VHF和UHF无线电频谱的区域。</gydF4y2Bap> <h6 id="sec1.2.1">1.2.1。系统拓扑结构</h6gydF4y2Ba> <p>802.22系统是一种点对多点无线空中接口包括一个基站(BS),管理一个细胞组成的用户数量或客户前提设备(cpe) [<一个href=”#B8">8</一个>]。BS控制介质访问和认知功能的细胞和数据传送的cp下行,在接收数据的上行方向cp。各种cp执行分布式传感信号的功率的各种渠道电视乐队。通过这种方式,BS收集不同测量cp和利用空间多样性的cp做出决定,如果任何部分的频谱是可用的。</gydF4y2Bap> <h6 id="sec1.2.2">1.2.2。服务覆盖</h6gydF4y2Ba> <p>相对于其他IEEE 802标准,如802.11,802.22 b覆盖范围可以达到100 ?公里,如果不限制权力约束。不同的无线标准的覆盖范围如图<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>。WRAN覆盖率最高由于更高的传输能量和远程电视乐队的传播特征。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig1"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.001" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.001.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图1</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 802.22与其他无线标准的比较。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h6 id="sec1.2.3">1.2.3。系统容量</h6gydF4y2Ba> <p>WRAN系统可以实现类似性能的DSL,下行速度为1.5 ?384 Mbps的上行速度和? Kbps。系统从而能够支持12同时cp,导致整个系统下载能力18 ? Mbps。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>IEEE 802.22标准的规范参数总结在表<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab1"> <table class="table-group" id="tab1"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="left">参数</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="center">规范</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">典型的细胞半径(公里)</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="center">30 - 100公里</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">方法</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="center">光谱遥感识别自由<gydF4y2Babr>渠道</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">通道带宽(MHz)</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="center">6日(7、8)</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">调制</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="center">OFDM</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">信道容量</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="center">18 Mbps</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" rowspan="2">用户的能力</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="center">下行:1.5 Mbps</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">上行:384 kbps</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="2"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表1</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/tab1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> IEEE 802.22特性。</d我v> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec1.3">1.3。智能电网</h5gydF4y2Ba> <p>智能电网研究和利用双向通信技术,先进的传感、计量和测量技术,现代控制理论,网络网格技术,在电力系统和机器学习,使电网稳定、安全、高效、灵活、经济、环保。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>小说控制技术、信息技术和管理技术应该有效地集成,实现智能信息交换在电力系统发电、输电、变电、配电、电力调度功率利用率。智能电网的目标是系统优化的循环发电和利用率。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>基于开放系统的体系结构和信息共享模式中,电力流、信息流、和交易流可以同步。通过这种方式,可以增加电力企业的操作性能。从电力客户的角度来看,需求响应应该实现。客户想要参与更多的活动在电力系统和电力市场减少电费。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>分布式能源,例如,太阳能,风能,等等,应该在智能电网也扮演着重要的角色。通用的分布式能源资源可以执行的峰值功率剃须,提高电力系统的稳定性。然而,分布式能源发电对电力系统新的挑战。电力系统规划、电能质量问题,应该重新考虑等等。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>支持智能电网,一个专门的双向通讯基础设施应该建立电力系统。通过这种方式,安全、可靠和高效的沟通和信息交换可以保证。此外,各种设备、设备和当前电力系统的发电设施应该被更新和翻新。电力电子新技术应该用于构建先进的电力设备,例如,变压器,继电器,开关,存储,等等。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>将智能电力系统特性,计算智能技术,也就是说,机器学习和降维,应该广泛应用。机器学习是一门科学的学科,涉及计算机算法的设计模仿人类的行为,包括学习认识到复杂的模式和基于经验做出决定,自动和智能地。降维是一个过程,减少随机变量的数量考虑控制自由度。几个方面对计算智能技术应用到智能电网已确定在<一个href=”#B9">9</一个>]。这些区域智能传感和计量、自动控制、自适应保护、先进的数据管理和可视化、智能接口与分布式资源和市场,决策支持系统对于系统操作,和计划。压缩的概念电力网格使用奇异值分解(计算分析提出了(<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>减少网络流量。的主要思想是确定哪些部分从电网系统的更强耦合导纳矩阵(<一个href=”#B10">10</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>在智能电网中,会有多个元素,代理,控制器,或决策者。系统的控制算法与单一代理不能适合分布式控制或非合作的控制。从可替换主体控制问题的角度来看,博弈理论给出了一个一般控制方法处理交互,竞争,合作决策者在复杂的系统。博弈论广泛应用于社会科学、经济学、工程学等等。智能电网的调度问题已经制定能耗作为博弈论问题[<一个href=”#B11">11</一个>]。调度的目的是减少能源总成本以及PAR的负荷需求<一个href=”#B11">11</一个>]。基于假设每个订户的电荷成正比,他/她每日总负荷,最低的能源消耗游戏可以解决分布式交换信息(<一个href=”#B11">11</一个>]。与此同时,能源消耗游戏独特的纳什均衡是中央调度问题的最优解<一个href=”#B11">11</一个>]。工作(<一个href=”#B11">11</一个>)扩展了(<一个href=”#B12">12</一个>]。不同的控制策略的基础上,研究了网络的信息共享程度(<一个href=”#B12">12</一个>]。部分知识设置和盲目设置。提出分布式随机能源消耗的调度算法仍然可以成功地利用有限的信息来提高整体负载概要文件(<一个href=”#B12">12</一个>]。在电力系统的背景下,拍卖理论是一个流行的方法处理功率控制问题从经济的观点。拍卖理论是一种处理的行为博弈理论在拍卖市场代理。操作的微型智能电网"控制提出了多重代理系统(<一个href=”#B13">13</一个>]。拍卖理论已被利用为基础的算法,主要思想是每一个分布式能源或可控负载决定什么是最好的,考虑到整体利益(<一个href=”#B13">13</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>从智能电网控制算法的讨论,可以肯定地说,pricing-based算法,pricing-based效用函数,和定价模型应考虑优化系统。quasidynamic定价模型(<一个href=”#B14">14</一个>)提出了减少合作用户的电费。的价格包括基本价格和一个点球。两种方法。受截止时间驱使的连续变量法适用于能源成本优化以更少的可中断任务,而时间slot-based方法适合更可中断的任务(<一个href=”#B14">14</一个>]。一个最优实时定价算法一直在提到[<一个href=”#B15">15</一个>]。能源定价是一个重要的工具来制定有效的需求管理策略(<一个href=”#B15">15</一个>]。该算法可以在一个分布式的方式实现所有用户的总效用最大化和最小化成本实施能源提供者(<一个href=”#B15">15</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <h5 id="sec1.4">1.4。电力系统扰动分类</h5gydF4y2Ba> <p>至关重要的电力系统运营商识别电力系统扰动特征,以控制措施,以确保电力系统安全性和可靠性。这个问题已经变得更具挑战性,因为电力系统互联的扩张和整合分布式发电和可再生能源资源<一个href=”#B16">16</一个>,<一个href=”#B17">17</一个>]。广域测量系统的广域保护()实现了扰动检测通过收集测量数据从本地传感器(电线、电缆、或无线)和管理它在中央服务器上<一个href=”#B18">18</一个>- - - - - -<一个href=”#B22">22</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>电力系统扰动分类进行了使用模式识别(<一个href=”#B23">23</一个>- - - - - -<一个href=”#B25">25</一个>)基于电力系统测量电压质量,功率流,或频率。人工智能,如神经网络和粒子群优化介绍了复杂信号的分类(<一个href=”#B26">26</一个>,<一个href=”#B27">27</一个>]。然而,实施这些算法太复杂和不切实际的。为了绕过这个问题,机器学习方法称为支持向量机(SVM)可以用来快速、准确地分类各种常见电力系统扰动使用频率数据在电力系统各点。目标是最终实现干扰的自动分类,目前一个人容易完成,然而困难的一台电脑。支持向量机,由议会和Vapnik首次提出<一个href=”#B28">28</一个>),从非线性变换未知数据空间线性空间。随后,任何线性算法可以应用于机器操作的知识形式。支持向量机可以实现一个独特的全球最佳凸优化问题。此外,支持向量机不受参数的不确定性的影响。由于它的各种优势,支持向量机越来越多领域的首选模式识别和分类<一个href=”#B26">26</一个>,<一个href=”#B27">27</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <h5 id="sec1.5">1.5。确保智能电网</h5gydF4y2Ba> <p>智能电网是旨在改变已经老化的电网在美国变成一个数字与严重依赖控制和分散的基础设施先进、能量分布、通信和安全。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>为了开发这一基础设施,高水平的互连和可靠性在其节点是必需的。传感器,高级计量设备、电器和监控设备,只提到一些,将高度互联允许无缝的数据流。可靠性和安全性在这个节点之间的数据流,如图<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>是至关重要的,因为低延迟和网络攻击的弹性需求的智能电网。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig2"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.002" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.002.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图2</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 演员在智能电网领域之间的相互作用通过安全通信流和流动的电力。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>其中一个分布式互连节点将无处不在,就像找到一个类似级别的手机或计算节点之间的连接,在一个大型组织。智能电网环境下,然而,带来了一套新的通信和安全模式。由于其复杂性和重要性的实现智能电网的基础设施,是非常重要的节点之间的交互学习,更具体地说,在通信和安全。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>考虑可靠性和安全性将限制强加给大多数的设备连接到智能电网,如果不是全部,是明智的考虑通信标准、协议、和设备安全而设计的,在逻辑上和身体上。由于很大一部分交通网格内产生的旅行将无担保互联网等媒介,必须尽量减少潜在的安全漏洞。此外,人类的变量也应该考虑在安全模式,安全基础设施的一部分。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>当涉及到安全,沟通是关键,应该适当的传播和信息的所有各方,确保每个人都有一个明确和安全需求的共同理解,促进其实现和操作。用户培训和学习过程,研究人类的行为,和相关事件的感知过程是整个安全一样重要方程,和工程师安全基础设施。事实上,任何基础设施的最大安全威胁是人类的错误,而不是技术保障。智能电网通信是整个基础设施的一个关键组成部分,逻辑上我们把它分成两个部分,骨干通信(interdomain),将把通信领域如如图<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>,在局域网的通信(intradomain)有限公司等周边客户的房子,或一个分布设施(<一个href=”#B29">29日</一个>]。是重要的注意,由于目前的局限性,我们实验研究的重点将在intradomain通信,不漠视未来interdomain方面的考虑。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>我们可以说当前和新兴技术在电信,其中大部分预计将下降在无线领域(Wimax无线个域网802.11等),可容纳的通信需求国米和intradomain环境,然而,不是没有缺陷。从安全的角度来看,这些技术并非设计是安全的。例如,无线个域网是一个标准的短程通信,无线个域网兼容芯片制造商生产他们不必考虑到安全问题。此外,芯片制造商打印芯片模型在芯片本身作为一种标准实践。芯片规格因此可以轻松下载,芯片的潜在缺陷很容易被攻击者利用。此外,默认情况下,这些芯片不带任何内部安全特性,因此,依赖外部芯片,或者更高级别的软件应用程序。轻松访问任何恶意攻击者可能会禁用任何外部芯片安装的安全特性。这和其他类似的场景让我们认为智能电网应该由技术和标准,考虑安全作为他们的主要担忧。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>智能电网已经构思是分布在自然和严重依赖无线通信。今天的SOHO(小型/家庭办公)和企业级无线设备包括安全特性来减轻攻击,绝大多数仍然依靠传统的基于规则的检测。它已经表明,传统的基于规则的检测系统,虽然有用,没有检测未知攻击的能力。此外,在[<一个href=”#B30">30.</一个>),这些传统ids将无法检测这样的攻击如果是精心设计的,因为大多数的这些规则是完全基于严格的阈值。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="review">2。审查</h4gydF4y2Ba> <h5 id="sec2.1">2.1。认知无线电网络测试平台</h5gydF4y2Ba> <p>认知无线电(CR)网络测试平台是建立在田纳西科技大学(<一个href=”#B31">31日</一个>,<一个href=”#B32">32</一个>]。的想法应用认知无线电网络测试平台的智能电网开发田纳西科技大学在2009年中期在资助的研究建议<一个href=”#B33">33</一个>]。后来,这个想法一直在加强<一个href=”#B31">31日</一个>,<一个href=”#B34">34</一个>- - - - - -<一个href=”#B37">37</一个>]。这个实验的目的是实现认知无线电的收敛,认知雷达、和智能电网<一个href=”#B38">38</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>认知无线电网络测试平台构建面向是独特的和实时的。它旨在提供更独立的计算能力和减少响应时间延迟。认知无线电网络测试平台由数十个节点,每个节点基于自行设计的主板,商业无线电频率(RF)董事会。在自行设计的主板,有两个先进和强大的现场可编程门阵列(fpga)实现任何功能可以灵活配置。因此,这个网络的实验也可以应用于智能电网。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>对我们的理解,将认知无线电应用于智能电网的好处在表中做了总结<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/tab2/" target="_blank">2</一个>。首先,认知无线电可以在一个广泛的频段。频率捷变。这个特性对于智能电网特别有用,因为频谱今天是如此的拥挤,和认知无线电提供重用的能力未使用频段的智能电网。其次,认知无线电使智能电网的高速数据传输。这是由于宽带认知无线电的性质。数据率可高达数万Mbps,相反只能提供一个数据速率的无线个域网几十几百kbps。第三,认知无线电有潜力在长途传输数据。最近,美国联邦通信委员会(FCC)已经决定允许使用未使用的电视频段无线通信。电视乐队非常适合远距离数据传输质量。 Cognitive radio in a wireless regional area network (WRAN) scenario is designed to utilize the unused TV bands. Employing cognitive radio, the smart grid can communicate over a long distance over the air. Fourthly, cognitive radio boasts of cognitive learning and adaptation capability. It has the ability to learn the environment, reason from it, and adapt accordingly. Cognitive radio makes the smart grid “smarter” and more robust. Fifthly, cognitive radio is based on the software defined radio (SDR) platform, which is a programmable radio. Hence, cognitive radio is capable of performing different applications and tasks. In addition, security, robustness, reliability, scalability, and sustainability of the smart grid can be effectively supported by cognitive radio due to its flexibility and reprogrammability.</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab2"> <table class="table-group" id="tab2"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="left">突出的特性</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="left">描述</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">频率分集</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="left">CR可以在未使用的频段</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">传输速度</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="left">数据传输速率高达数万Mbps</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">范围</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="left">CR可以长距离传输WRAN场景</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">适应性</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="left">CR已经固有的情报,以适应环境的变化</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">可编程性</tdgydF4y2Ba> <td align="left">建立在一个特别提款权的平台,可以有选择地CR编程</tdgydF4y2Ba> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="2"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表2</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/tab2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 将认知无线电应用于智能电网的优势。</d我v> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec2.2">2.2。智能电网通信</h5gydF4y2Ba> <p>智能电网技术近年来吸引了重要的研究重点从电力和通讯的角度来看(<一个href=”#B39">39</一个>,<一个href=”#B40">40</一个>]。CRs日益增长的频谱稀缺问题提供了一种很有前途的解决方案由智能访问最初频谱授权给主用户未使用的地区(脓)。智能电网的一个关键需求是一个健壮的、高效的通信基础设施,可以满足当前和未来能源管理需求(<一个href=”#B41">41</一个>,<一个href=”#B42">42</一个>]。随着现代通信技术的出现,以及最近IEEE 802.22标准定义,CR网络被认为是智能电网的一个可行选择,应用程序。电视广播频谱的机会访问802.22标准中可以实现认知网络的功能。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="examples">3所示。例子</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>在本节中,例子提出了采用机器学习和信号处理降维技术,智能电表传输的复苏,电力系统扰动分类和模糊基于逻辑的入侵检测。本节分为如下。节<一个href=”#sec3.1">3.1</一个>降维技术,如PCA、KPCA和LVMU,与支持向量机相结合,作为预处理工具为wi - fi信号在频谱感知的应用程序。支持向量机技术用于电力系统扰动分类<一个href=”#sec3.2">3.2</一个>。节<一个href=”#sec3.3">3.3</一个>稀疏的智能电表传输是利用恢复BPSK-modulated智能电表数据,采用最近提出的贝叶斯压缩感知,和压缩传感的卡尔曼滤波方法。最后,智能电网安全的关键问题是解决的部分<一个href=”#sec3.4">3.4</一个>意识到这一点,一个可能的方法是使用fpga提供模糊逻辑。</gydF4y2Bap> <h5 id="sec3.1">3.1。降维应用于认知无线电与实验验证</h5gydF4y2Ba> <p>在雷达和传感信号处理,控制自由度(自由度)或者内在维度的第一步,称为预处理。网络维度,另一方面,在信息理论文献已收到关注。降维的技术可以探索提取高维数据的本征维数。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>降维方法创新和机器学习中重要的工具<一个href=”#B43">43</一个>]。原始维度从我们的生活世界收集的数据可能包含大量特性,然而,通常这些特性高度相关和噪音和冗余。因此,收集的数据的本征维数远少于最初的功能。降维试图选择或提取较低维度表达但保留大部分的有用的信息。在第一个示例中,线性方法如主成分分析(PCA) (<一个href=”#B44">44</一个>),非线性方法如核主成分分析(KPCA) [<一个href=”#B45">45</一个>,具有里程碑意义的最大方差展开(LMVU) [<一个href=”#B46">46</一个>,<一个href=”#B47">47</一个>)进行了研究,结合支持向量机(SVM)的(<一个href=”#B48">48</一个>- - - - - -<一个href=”#B53">53</一个>)——最新的机器学习中突破,在认知无线电的频谱感知。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>测量wi - fi信号具有高信噪比(信噪比)是用于第一个例子。景深的wi - fi信号提取三个降维技术在这个例子。应用降维技术的优点是通过比较与验证结果没有降维。</gydF4y2Bap> <h6 id="sec3.1.1">3.1.1。wi - fi信号测量</h6gydF4y2Ba> <p>wi - fi时域信号测量和记录使用先进的数字荧光示波器(数的模型是美国泰克DPO72004 [<一个href=”#B54">54</一个>]。到警区办公室访问支持的最大带宽20吗?GHz的最大采样率50 ? GS / s。它能够记录到250 ?米样品每通道。在测量中,通过无线wi - fi路由器,笔记本电脑访问互联网,如图<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig3/" target="_blank">3</一个>。天线的频率范围800 ?MHz到2500吗?米Hz is placed near the laptop and connected to the DPO. The sampling rate of the DPO is set to 6.25?GS/s. Recorded time-domain Wi-Fi signals are shown in Figure<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>。记录了wi - fi信号的持续时间是40 ?。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig3"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig3"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.003" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.003.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图3</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 设置无线信号的测量。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig4"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig4"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.004" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.004.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图4</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig4/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 记录wi - fi信号在时间域。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>记录40吗?米年代Wi-Fi signals are divided into 8000 slots, with each slot lasting 5?<我>µ</我>年代。这些插槽可以视为光谱传感插槽。时域wi - fi信号在第一个1 ?<我>µ</我>年代每槽然后转换成频域使用快速傅里叶变换(FFT),相当于FFT-based频谱感知。在本文中,2.411 - -2.433的频段?GHz。在频域分辨率是1 ? MHz。因此,对于每一个槽,在频域中23分,其中13分将在以下选择实验。</gydF4y2Bap> <h6 id="sec3.1.2">3.1.2。实验验证</h6gydF4y2Ba> <p>将利用支持向量机分类的状态(忙<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:36.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36.325001 14.7125" width="36.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.97,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.28,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>或闲置<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:36.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36.325001 14.7125" width="36.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.97,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.28,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)的测量有或没有无线数据降维,得到真正的状态。SVM将分类的光谱数据在不同的时段。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>wi - fi的景深频域信号提取使用原来的13个维度。支持向量机处理的流程图结合降维方法,包括数据处理,如图<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig5/" target="_blank">5</一个>。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig5"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig5"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.005" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.005.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图5</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig5/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> SVM结合降维的流程图。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>假警报率通过结合支持向量机和降维,只采用支持向量机图所示<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>。结果平均50岁以上的实验。在每个实验,训练集的数量是200,和测试集的数量是1800。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig6"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig6"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.006" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.006.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图6</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig6/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 误警率。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>频域数据的原始维度是不同的从1到13的支持向量机方法。此外,结合支持向量机方法提取的尺寸从1到13日,得到降维。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>在整个实验中,高斯RBF的内核<年代vg height="14.3875" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:68.224998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 68.224998 14.3875" width="68.224998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.36,65.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-50.01,60.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.405136" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-22.35,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>用于KPCA。的参数<年代vg height="10.9125" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:35.799999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.799999 10.9125" width="35.799999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.239957" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.280346" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,在这<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>最近的邻居的数量吗<年代vg height="11.025" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.9px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.9 11.025" width="11.9" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.18)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.75,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>(<年代vg height="11.05" id="M7" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:12.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.75 11.05" width="12.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)(包括训练集和测试集)LMVU。1.1优化工具箱SeDuMi r3 [<一个href=”#B55">55</一个>)应用于解决LMVU的优化步骤。支持向量机工具箱SVM-KM [<一个href=”#B56">56</一个>)用于训练和测试支持向量机流程。SVM的内核选择重尾分布RBF内核参数<年代vg height="13.6125" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:35.262501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.262501 13.6125" width="35.262501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8148546" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.855244" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="10.85" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:35.174999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.174999 10.85" width="35.174999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.85)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="10.8625" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:34.674999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.674999 10.8625" width="34.674999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.31)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3397408" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.380131" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。对整个实验。这些参数保持不变</gydF4y2Bap> <p>实验结果表明,与降维,频谱感知性能比,没有更好的用更少的特征降维。</gydF4y2Bap> <h5 id="sec3.2">3.2。使用支持向量机分类电力系统扰动</h5gydF4y2Ba> <p>由于巨大的变化表现出的一些电力系统扰动数据集,数据集生成数学在这一节中用于训练目的。通过这种方式,可以生成大量的数据集和用于培训,以确保准确的SVM模型。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>基于频率和时域分析和来自典型的干扰,数学模型为每个干扰信号可以由以下方程:<年代pan class="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(我)</年代pan><span class="list-content">代之旅,<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq1"> <svg height="50.037498" id="M11" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 50.037498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,50.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-31.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,58.63,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.52" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.369999" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0019197" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.165419" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.078857" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.718191" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.758579" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.622246" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.09808" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,127.52,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.39,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.9100001" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.88022" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.33,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.2,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.77,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.39,63.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.02,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.67,63.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="3.1259999" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.42,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.16,63.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="3.1259999" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.91,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.4,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.76" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.610001" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.863667" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.99,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,256.86,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.38,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,272.34,58.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,282.1,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,294.13,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,309.39,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.64,58.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-183.97" y="21.940001"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8514042" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.48" y="-2.51"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.820221" y="-2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.72,33.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.6,36.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.16,41.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.79,39.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.41,41.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.07,39.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="3.1259999" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.82,41.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.55,39.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="3.1259999" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.3,41.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.8,36.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.75" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.610001" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.863667" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.38,33.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.26,36.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,243.77,33.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.73,34.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.49,33.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,272.52,36.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,287.78,33.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,297.03,34.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8514042" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.48" y="-2.51"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.820221" y="-2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.486" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="177.09" y="-14.79"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="181.25349" y="-14.79"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="187.505" y="-14.79"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(2)</年代pan><span class="list-content">行之旅,<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq2"> <svg height="19.35" id="M12" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.35" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,100.95,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.759998" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.120003" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.970001" y="7.1054274e-015"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.980003" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.830002" y="7.1054274e-015"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0100002" y="-0.0099999998"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.173499" y="-0.0099999998"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.086939" y="-0.0099999998"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.713768" y="-0.0099999998"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.610001" y="7.1054274e-015"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.637165" y="7.1054274e-015"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.977386" y="7.1054274e-015"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.7,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.57,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.98" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.830002" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.970221" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.32,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,243.19,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.400002" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.25" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8514042" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.702808" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.639999" y="-2.51"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.503668" y="-2.51"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.979502" y="-2.51"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,295.96,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,300.83,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.9100001" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.85" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="173.28999" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="177.45351" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="183.705" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(3)</年代pan><span class="list-content">频率振荡,<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq3"> <svg height="22.799999" id="M13" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 22.799999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,22.8)"> <g transform="translate(72,-53.76)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,55.06,59.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.52" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.369999" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0019197" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.165419" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.078857" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.718191" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.758579" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.622246" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.09808" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.95,56.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,128.82,59.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.9200001" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.55" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.877718" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.929411" y="0"> e</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.31,64.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.6272001" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.541616" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="15.280992" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="21.276112" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.33,62.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.95,64.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.45,59.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.76" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.863667" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.610001" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.574171" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.55,56.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.51,57.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.539105" y="-2.51"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.879326" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.31,56.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,278.18,57.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.79" y="4.04"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.900002" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.75" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8514042" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,322.84,56.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,330.5,59.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,345.75,56.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,350.63,57.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="123.49" y="-2.51"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="127.6535" y="-2.51"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="133.905" y="-2.51"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></span></span></p> <p>各种各样的术语定义如下:时间窗口<年代vg height="16.1" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-3.2729pt;width:186.27499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 186.27499 16.1" width="186.27499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.59" y="-0.029999999"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.753498" y="-0.029999999"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.29,59.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-41.63,62.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-26.38,59.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-21.5,62.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.593641" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.757139" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,12.18,59.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,17.05,62.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.205809" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.369307" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,49.34,59.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,54.21,62.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.364747" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,72.1,59.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是一个随机频率的基本频率波动,<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:8.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.9375 7.1750002" width="8.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是一个额外的信号因子,<年代vg height="13.425" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是一个额外的频率因子,<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.3874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.3874998 7.1875" width="7.3874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是时间常数,<年代vg height="9.125" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:5.0124998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是时间。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>在仔细选择获得的参数,如振幅、角度、频率、时间和每个sub-frequency组件,可以生成足够的例子通过操纵这些参数的容差范围内随机偏差。数据<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig7/" target="_blank">7</一个>,<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig8/" target="_blank">8</一个>,<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig9/" target="_blank">9</一个>的网格模式200数学例子生成旅行,旅行,分别和频率振荡。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig7"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig7"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.007" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.007.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图7</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig7/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 网的200例为一代旅行模式。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig8"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig8"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.008" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.008.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图8</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig8/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 网的200例为行旅行模式。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig9"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig9"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.009" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.009.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图9</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig9/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 网的200例子频率振荡模式。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>SVM参数空间是一个线性分类器,但它成为非线性分类器由于空间的非线性映射的输入模式到高维特征空间(<一个href=”#B27">27</一个>]。训练支持向量机模型是一个二次最优化问题(<一个href=”#B57">57</一个>,<一个href=”#B58">58</一个>]。所代表的超平面<年代vg height="14.6" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-2.67102pt;width:90.574997px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 90.574997 14.6" width="90.574997" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.0012002" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.515743" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.716991" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.593641" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.370506" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.723232" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.062973" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.103363" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>构造,超平面最近的点之间的利润最大化,在哪里<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:10.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是超平面的向量系数,<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.4749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.4749999 10.7375" width="7.4749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是一种偏见,然后呢<年代vg height="14.6" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-2.67102pt;width:17.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.1 14.6" width="17.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.0012002" y="0"> ·</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5770578" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>表示两个向量的内积。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>因此,分类函数<年代vg height="14.6" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-2.67102pt;width:141.89999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 141.89999 14.6" width="141.89999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.979315" y="0"> ;</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.530645" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.045189" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.258942" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.135349" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.774685" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.80257" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="67.803772" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.318314" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.532066" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.408714" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="96.185577" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="107.5258" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。一个<年代vg height="7.1374998" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>海尔集团构造分类器使用函数的最大值<年代vg height="17.225" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:168.7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 168.7 17.225" width="168.7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.22)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,59.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.86,63.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.040149" y="0"> ;</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.59148" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.106024" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.319775" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.196186" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.835518" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.863403" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.864605" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,11.53,59.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,18.68,63.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.077898" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.854765" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.207487" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,55.77,59.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="12.8875" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-1.76814pt;width:74.824997px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 74.824997 12.8875" width="74.824997" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.8875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.239957" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.280346" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.531845" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.745598" y="0"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.324097" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.537846" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。对于支持向量机,可以通过训练数据来解决问题<年代vg height="18.5375" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-3.89476pt;width:15.275px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.275 18.5375" width="15.275" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.7799997"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,在那里<年代vg height="12.8875" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-1.76814pt;width:74.537498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 74.537498 12.8875" width="74.537498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.8875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3517642" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.392153" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.643654" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.857405" y="0"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.435902" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.649654" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>数据点。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>因此,类之间的数学函数<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和类<年代vg height="12.675" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:7.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.1374998 12.675" width="7.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>由以下方程:<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq4"> <svg height="207.5625" id="M31" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 207.5625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,207.5625)"> <g transform="translate(72,94.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,96.35,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,103.29,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,112.53,61.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.869999" y="2.52"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.099998" y="0.0099999998"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.040149" y="0"> ;</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.59148" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.106024" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.319775" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.196186" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.823013" y="0"> =</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.14,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.29,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.09" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.18" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.520222" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.69,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,96.35,23.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.470001" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.115167" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.591001" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.842501" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.318335" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.04567" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.521503" y="0"> z</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.072834" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.624168" y="0"> :</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 153.82,26.4 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.82,14.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.5299997" y="-6.2399998"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.76" y="-8.75"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.09,20.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.24,23.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.96,28.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6999998"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="8.6999998"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.11,20.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.09" y="-2.51"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.629999" y="-9.7700005"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 231.74,26.4 9.39,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.33,14.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.29,39.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.33,16.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,243.04,9.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.48,23.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,264.52,29.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.8000002"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,96.35,-13.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> C</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.591001" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.842501" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.618647" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.094481" y="0"> r</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.232975" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.784306" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.260139" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.511639" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.987473" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.851143" y="0"> :</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.477974" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.04,-7.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.8000002"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.27,-16.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.08" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8514042" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.87,-16.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.01,-13.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2137508" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.74,-8.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="8.6899996"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.89,-16.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.09" y="-2.51"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.430222" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.2,-16.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,262.35,-16.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3199997" y="-2.51"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.347885" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.387554" y="-2.51"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.727776" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,310.12,-7.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.8000002"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,317.27,-13.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-220.92" y="25.82"> w</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-211.89284" y="25.82"> h</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-205.64133" y="25.82"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-200.09" y="25.82"> r</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-195.93901" y="25.82"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-186.23668" y="25.82"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.08,-33.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.8000002"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.7,-39.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-51.349998" y="36.830002"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,102.56,-70.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.79"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,113.18,-76.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="9.7299995"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.49" y="-13.61"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.054554" y="-13.61"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.258442" y="-13.61"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.734276" y="-13.61"> f</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.073776" y="-13.61"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.46,-65.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.78,-62.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.916319" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.492176" y="0"> h</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.907175" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.458508" y="0"> l</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.934341" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.485676" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.349342" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.213009" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-51.110001" y="26.959999"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-42.545444" y="26.959999"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-26.341557" y="26.959999"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-22.865723" y="26.959999"> f</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-14.526222" y="26.959999"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.46,-92.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.78,-89.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.641733" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.21759" y="0"> h</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.632589" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.183922" y="0"> l</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.659756" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.211086" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.074757" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.938423" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="284.34" y="-75.349998"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="288.50351" y="-75.349998"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="294.755" y="-75.349998"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>机器学习包Weka用于数据使用一个支持向量机多类分类算法。后转化为Weka格式,输入数据包括三个类别:一代之旅,振荡,行之旅。每个类别的数据包含200个例子然后分成2相等大小的组。第一组是用来训练,第二组是用来验证。验证结果如下:一代旅行可分为成功率的0.985,0.853线的旅行相比,0.626,频率振荡。</gydF4y2Bap> <h5 id="sec3.3">3.3。压缩Sensing-Based智能仪表读数</h5gydF4y2Ba> <p>压缩传感,也被称为压缩传感、压缩采样,或稀疏采样技术寻找稀疏欠定的线性系统解决方案(<一个href=”#B59">59</一个>- - - - - -<一个href=”#B63">63年</一个>]。将压缩感知应用于智能抄表的概念第一次被提出(<一个href=”#B64">64年</一个>]。智能电表是智能电计,传达信息到中央电站有关重要电力负荷的变化通过双向无线或电力线通信。自电力消耗在一个特定的家庭没有动态变化,智能电表同时传输的数量非常小的总数相比米在一个特定的认知智能电网网络。因此,智能电表的稀疏数据传输到中央处理节点或接入点(AP)是利用在<一个href=”#B64">64年</一个>应用压缩感知的原理。然而,在(<一个href=”#B64">64年</一个>),它是假定噪声是有界的。本文新提出的贝叶斯压缩感知技术(<一个href=”#B68">65年</一个>),和压缩传感卡尔曼滤波器(<一个href=”#B78">66年</一个>)申请智能抄表时,噪声是高斯分布的。</gydF4y2Bap> <h6 id="sec3.3.1">3.3.1。贝叶斯压缩感知</h6gydF4y2Ba> <p>考虑一个<年代vg height="10.325" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:20.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.0375 10.325" width="20.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.75282" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>维的信号<年代vg height="9.8625002" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>可压缩的一些基础功能<年代vg height="10.55" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.325px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.325 10.55" width="11.325" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.56)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,也就是说,<年代vg height="9.8625002" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>可以准确地重构少数<年代vg height="10.325" id="M36" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.2875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.2875 10.325" width="13.2875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>基函数的系数,<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M37" style="vertical-align:-0.32603pt;width:50px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 50 10.7375" width="50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.990617" y="0"> «</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.13175" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。换句话说,根据系数向量<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M38" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7 7.1875" width="7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>与大多数组件是一个稀疏向量接近0。压缩传感的州可以恢复这些基函数系数测量较少<年代vg height="10.7" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt;width:49.924999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 49.924999 10.7" width="49.924999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.44)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.028847" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.069235" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>的<年代vg height="9.8625002" id="M40" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。这是通过一个线性变换<年代vg height="9.8625002" id="M41" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>到一个<年代vg height="10.725" id="M42" style="vertical-align:-0.3135pt;width:47.487499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 47.487499 10.725" width="47.487499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.341181" y="0"> ×</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.118767" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>矩阵<年代vg height="10.325" id="M43" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:15.175px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.175 10.325" width="15.175" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>生成一个<年代vg height="10.325" id="M44" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:22.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.4375 10.325" width="22.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.678282" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>尺寸测量向量<年代vg height="7.375" id="M45" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:7.9250002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9250002 7.375" width="7.9250002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。数学上,<年代vg height="7.375" id="M46" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:7.9250002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9250002 7.375" width="7.9250002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>可以表示成<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq5"> <svg height="18.2125" id="M47" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 18.2125" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.2125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.54,61.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7023277" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.742718" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.49,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.2,61.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.9646511" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.87977" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="259.92001" y="-0.36000001"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="264.0835" y="-0.36000001"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="270.33499" y="-0.36000001"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>因为我们有<年代vg height="13.4125" id="M48" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:45.349998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 45.349998 13.4125" width="45.349998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.4125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.705208" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.669859" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,(<一个href=”#EEq5">5</一个>)成为<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq6"> <svg height="16.5375" id="M49" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 16.5375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.77)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.73,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7023277" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.742718" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.657837" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.159157" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="286.39001" y="0.63"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="290.5535" y="0.63"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="296.80499" y="0.63"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>表达式(<一个href=”#EEq6">6</一个>)是一个欠定的系统;因此,估计的<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M50" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7 7.1875" width="7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是病态的。然而,由于<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M51" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7 7.1875" width="7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>稀疏的对吗<年代vg height="10.55" id="M52" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.325px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.325 10.55" width="11.325" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.56)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,(<一个href=”#EEq6">6</一个>)可以解决<年代vg height="14.475" id="M53" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:11.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1875 14.475" width="11.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.97,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>范数最小化问题如下:<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq7"> <svg height="26.7875" id="M54" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 26.7875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,26.7875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-50.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.21,60.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"></tspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-6.2264938" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.738157" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.778546" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.329878" y="0"> r</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.493378" y="0"> g</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.908375" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.635712" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.111546" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.97,53.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.75,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.79" y="-2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.329069" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.331228" y="-2.51"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.683952" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.599072" y="-2.51"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.100391" y="-2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.48,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.13,60.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.104343" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.643414" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.144733" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.9,57.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,289.77,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.8800001" y="-2.51"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="184.35001" y="0.02"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="188.5135" y="0.02"> 7</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="194.765" y="0.02"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>标量<年代vg height="10.8125" id="M55" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:8.5749998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.5749998 10.8125" width="8.5749998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>决定了weightage欧几里得的错误和稀疏约束在第一和第二条款(<一个href=”#EEq7">7</一个>),分别。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>上述优化问题可以使用许多解决线性编程技术等基础上追求(BP) (<一个href=”#B65">67年</一个>],匹配追踪(MP) [<一个href=”#B66">68年</一个>),正交匹配追踪(OMP) (<一个href=”#B67">69年</一个>]。在[<一个href=”#B68">65年</一个>),采用贝叶斯方法估计<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M56" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7 7.1875" width="7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>从压缩测量<年代vg height="7.375" id="M57" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:7.9250002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9250002 7.375" width="7.9250002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。因此,通过施加一个拉普拉斯稀疏之前<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M58" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7 7.1875" width="7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,假设一个高斯模型的可能性<年代vg height="7.375" id="M59" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:7.9250002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9250002 7.375" width="7.9250002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>解决方案(<一个href=”#EEq7">7</一个>)成为最大后验(MAP)的估计<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M60" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7 7.1875" width="7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</gydF4y2Bap> <h6 id="sec3.3.2">3.3.2。卡尔曼滤波基于过滤器压缩传感</h6gydF4y2Ba> <p>卡尔曼滤波是一种递归滤波器估计一个过程或系统的状态从一系列的观测<一个href=”#B69">70年</一个>- - - - - -<一个href=”#B71">72年</一个>]。卡尔曼滤波器最优估计系统的真实状态进行预测,预测估计误差,计算加权平均预测值和测量值。因此,数学方程的卡尔曼滤波器可以分为时间更新或预测和测量更新或修正。由于它的多功能性,卡尔曼滤波器被用于不同的工程应用,如数字信号处理、控制系统、无线通信、图像处理、和天气预报<一个href=”#B72">73年</一个>- - - - - -<一个href=”#B77">78年</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>最近,一个新的卡尔曼滤波方法提出了稀疏信号的恢复,称为压缩传感嵌入式卡尔曼滤波器(CSKF-1) [<一个href=”#B78">66年</一个>,<一个href=”#B79">79年</一个>]。CSKF-1采用pseudomeasurement (PM)技术(<一个href=”#B80">80年</一个>)将一个虚构的测量在卡尔曼滤波过程中满足稀疏约束。点可以表示为<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq8"> <svg height="52.049999" id="M61" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 52.049999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,52.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-30.36)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178,59.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.280001" y="-2.54"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-57.099998" y="22.309999"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-32.060001" y="27.360001"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.45" y="27.360001"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="119.32" y="24.84"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7148314" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.76" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.787888" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.077374" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.417595" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.706604" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-59.610001" y="24.84"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-44.106281" y="24.84"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-27.27" y="24.84"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-22.406334" y="24.84"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-18.930498" y="24.84"> g</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-12.678999" y="24.84"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-2.2765031" y="24.84"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="1.886996" y="24.84"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.4763174" y="24.84"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.639816" y="24.84"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.891315" y="24.84"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.142817" y="24.84"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.344065" y="24.84"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.933384" y="24.84"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.096886" y="24.84"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.348385" y="24.84"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.599884" y="24.84"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.801132" y="24.84"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.392136" y="24.84"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.605881" y="24.84"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.182701" y="24.84"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.346199" y="24.84"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="104.11153" y="24.84"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.27502" y="24.84"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="296.12" y="11.76"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="300.28351" y="11.76"> 8</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="306.535" y="11.76"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在签署<年代vg height="13.45" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:63.487499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 63.487499 13.45" width="63.487499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.828318" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604944" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.768442" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.395271" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.435661" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>如果<年代vg height="13.45" id="M63" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:58.287498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 58.287498 13.45" width="58.287498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.5013199" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.441444" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.068275" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.272163" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>否则,1。</gydF4y2Bap> <p> <svg height="10.7375" id="M64" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9875002 10.7375" width="7.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是调优参数控制状态向量的稀疏解。</gydF4y2Bap> <h6 id="sec3.3.3">3.3.3。系统描述和信号模型</h6gydF4y2Ba> <p>在前一节中提到,智能电表数据传输美联社在本质上是稀疏的,也就是说,只有一小部分米会积极地传输数据。因此,压缩传感的原理可以方便地应用于经济复苏的数据报告。使用压缩传感的主要优势是它允许同时智能电表传输,而不是受欢迎的载波监听多路访问协议(CSMA),它使用一个随机倒扣在传输避免碰撞。这可能导致严重的延误数据恢复。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>该系统由<年代vg height="10.325" id="M65" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8375 10.325" width="14.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>智能电表由AP管理。在每一帧同步和信道估计,其次是数据传输。同步和信道估计可以由控制信号传输到米在分配的时间框架和超出了本文的范围。然而,它假定平坦衰落信道参数在自然界中,有一个很大的指示慢时变信道相干时间。帧的数据传输部分分为几个时段期间主动智能电表可以同时传输数据。在数学形式,数据传输接收的美联社<年代vg height="9.125" id="M66" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:5.0124998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>可以表示为<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq10"> <svg height="50.662498" id="M67" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 50.662498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,50.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-31.47)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.76,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3144951" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.477994" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.391434" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.030766" y="0"> =</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.79,63.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.83,41.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.36,34.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.99,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.1,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.4,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.315935" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.92,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.14,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.64,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.64,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.105543" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.269043" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.182482" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="234.48" y="-0.79000002"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="238.64349" y="-0.79000002"> 9</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="244.895" y="-0.79000002"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span> <svg height="11.05" id="M68" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:10.6375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.6375 11.05" width="10.6375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.76,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>之间的平坦衰落信道参数表<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>美联社,<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M70" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:27.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.0875 14.7125" width="27.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.62,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是伪随机代码传播时间吗<年代vg height="9.125" id="M71" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:5.0124998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>为计<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M72" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="11.05" id="M73" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.025px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.025 11.05" width="11.025" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.45,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>计所传输的数据吗<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="13.45" id="M75" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:27.5375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.5375 13.45" width="27.5375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6898251" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.853324" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.766764" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是高斯分布的噪声项。传播代码只知道美联社和米,防止未经授权的人访问和篡改数据。假设数据传输时间<年代vg height="10.325" id="M76" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.225 10.325" width="11.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>时段,那么上述信号模型可以重写矩阵向量形式如下:<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq11"> <svg height="16.924999" id="M77" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 16.924999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.46)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.92,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.12815" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.156036" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.071156" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.986275" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.326496" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.779243" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="295.95001" y="0.94"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="300.11349" y="0.94"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="306.36499" y="0.94"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="312.61649" y="0.94"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq12"> <svg height="168.75" id="M78" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 168.75" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,168.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,63)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.73,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8600001" y="26.67"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.71" y="24.16"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.390953" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.418839" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.845619" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.235134" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="281.14001" y="0.63"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="285.3035" y="0.63"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="291.55499" y="0.63"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="297.80649" y="0.63"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-43.740002" y="24.16"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-31.887156" y="24.16"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-19.846767" y="24.16"> d</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-13.595267" y="24.16"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-10.119433" y="24.16"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-4.5681009" y="24.16"> g</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.63,35.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.5,39.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.9,35.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.77,39.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.79225" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.006001" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.97,35.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,262.7,36.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-137.07001" y="24.27"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="205.17" y="-2.51"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="209.3335" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="215.58499" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="221.8365" y="-2.51"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.05,9.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7393761" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.9273758" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.67,12.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="2.51"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.83" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.61,9.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.92,12.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.414999" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.653996" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.867746" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.9,9.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.21,12.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.414999" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.653996" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.867746" y="0"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.446243" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.659996" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.99,9.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,259.29,12.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.209999" y="2.52"> 吗?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.040629" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,281.29,19.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288,12.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-128.98" y="24.459999"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-19.1" y="24.459999"> ]</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="179.87" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="184.03349" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="190.285" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="196.5365" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-154.14999" y="24.42"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-141.02185" y="24.42"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-124.82" y="24.42"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-116.50551" y="24.42"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-112.342" y="24.42"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-106.09051" y="24.42"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-99.839005" y="24.42"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-94.625252" y="24.42"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-86.31076" y="24.42"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-82.147263" y="24.42"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-75.89576" y="24.42"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-69.644264" y="24.42"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-64.430511" y="24.42"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-49.852013" y="24.42"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-44.63826" y="24.42"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-36.311264" y="24.42"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-32.147762" y="24.42"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-23.270634" y="24.42"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.06,-6.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.77,-12.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="188.10001" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="192.2635" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="198.515" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="204.76649" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-124.9" y="23.43"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-113.29722" y="23.43"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-101.26933" y="23.43"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-97.105827" y="23.43"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.18,-38.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.05,-35.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.76,-38.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.64,-35.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.779745" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.993498" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.14,-38.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.88,-35.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.04,-30.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.75,-35.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-102.97" y="23.65"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.26" y="23.65"> ]</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="209.12" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="213.28349" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219.535" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="225.7865" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-129.92999" y="23.610001"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-115.01392" y="23.610001"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-98.800003" y="23.610001"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-87.034676" y="23.610001"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-82.871178" y="23.610001"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-76.619675" y="23.610001"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-70.368179" y="23.610001"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-65.166931" y="23.610001"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-53.389103" y="23.610001"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-49.225605" y="23.610001"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-42.974106" y="23.610001"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-36.722607" y="23.610001"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-31.521357" y="23.610001"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-16.930355" y="23.610001"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-11.716605" y="23.610001"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0.048718002" y="23.610001"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.2122169" y="23.610001"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.089347" y="23.610001"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,280.18,-54.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,286.89,-59.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="180.98" y="-0.44"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="185.14349" y="-0.44"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="191.395" y="-0.44"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="197.6465" y="-0.44"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>因为数量<年代vg height="10.325" id="M84" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.2875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.2875 10.325" width="13.2875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>米的同时传输很小,<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M85" style="vertical-align:-0.32603pt;width:50px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 50 10.7375" width="50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.990617" y="0"> «</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.13175" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。因此,向量<年代vg height="10.725" id="M86" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:11.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.375 10.725" width="11.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在(<一个href=”#EEq12">15</一个>)是稀疏的。因此它可以很容易推断出,(<一个href=”#EEq11">10</一个>)CS方程是相同的(<一个href=”#EEq6">6</一个>),除了加性高斯噪声。因此,智能电表读数的复苏将对应于优化问题(<一个href=”#EEq7">7</一个>)。在模拟、智能电表的总数,<年代vg height="10.325" id="M87" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8375 10.325" width="14.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在认知智能电网网络被认为是250年,和观测向量的长度/时段<年代vg height="10.325" id="M88" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.225 10.325" width="11.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是100。二进制相移键控(BPSK)调制。之间的均方误差(MSE)实际数据向量和估计数据向量作为衡量性能。MSE的绘制不同数量的活跃的米<年代vg height="10.325" id="M89" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.2875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.2875 10.325" width="13.2875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>或稀疏的数据传输。</gydF4y2Bap> <h6 id="sec3.3.4">3.3.4。贝叶斯压缩感知的智能仪表读数</h6gydF4y2Ba> <p>在本节中,智能电网数据恢复问题(<一个href=”#EEq6">6</一个>)被视为一个线性回归问题,被认为从贝叶斯的角度,提出在[<一个href=”#B68">65年</一个>]。对分层稀疏先验<年代vg height="10.725" id="M90" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:11.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.375 10.725" width="11.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>稀疏贝叶斯学习,并使用相关向量机(RVM) [<一个href=”#B81">81年</一个>执行)。BCS的MSE实现算法的不同的值<年代vg height="10.325" id="M91" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.2875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.2875 10.325" width="13.2875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>如图<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig10/" target="_blank">10</一个>。的情况下<年代vg height="10.9125" id="M92" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:47.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 47.049999 10.9125" width="47.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.990617" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.031006" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.282507" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>的稀疏数据传输以及恢复数据见图<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig11/" target="_blank">11</一个>。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig10"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig10"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.0010" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.0010.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图10</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig10/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> MSE通过BCS不同数量的活跃的米。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig11"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig11"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.0011" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.0011.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图11</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig11/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="10.9125" id="M93" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 47.049999 10.9125" width="47.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.990617" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.031006" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.282507" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> 稀疏的数据传输gydF4y2Ba。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h6 id="sec3.3.5">3.3.5。压缩传感卡尔曼滤波器的方法</h6gydF4y2Ba> <p>在本节中,最近提议CSKF算法用于在美联社的恢复数据。智能电表的总数在网络被认为是250年<年代vg height="10.325" id="M94" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.225 10.325" width="11.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是150。米的MSE产生不同数量的活跃<年代vg height="10.325" id="M95" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.2875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.2875 10.325" width="13.2875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ? ?</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>如图<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig12/" target="_blank">12</一个>,分别。比较传输和恢复信号的振幅与计传播的稀疏图所示<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig13/" target="_blank">13</一个>。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig12"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig12"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.0012" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.0012.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图12</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig12/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> MSE通过CSKF不同数量的活跃的米。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig13"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig13"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.0013" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.0013.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图13</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig13/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="10.9125" id="M96" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 47.049999 10.9125" width="47.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.990617" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.031006" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.282507" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> 稀疏的数据传输gydF4y2Ba。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec3.4">3.4。fpga模糊逻辑智能电网的入侵检测</h5gydF4y2Ba> <p>人工智能技术,如模糊逻辑,贝叶斯推理、神经网络等方法可以用来增强传统IDSs的安全缺口。如图<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig14/" target="_blank">14</一个>,模糊逻辑的方法被用在<一个href=”#B82">82年</一个>),不同的变量,可以分析影响攻击的推理,后来结合决策过程的安全设备。另外,如果每个安全装置作为一个id不仅意识到本身也是有限的(取决于本地资源和交通)周围信任id设备,这些其他设备产生的警报可以用来调整局部变量或参数,以更好地应对分布式攻击和更准确地检测到它们的存在。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig14"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig14"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="502087.fig.0014" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/ijdmb/volume-2011/502087/figures/502087.fig.0014.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图14</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087/fig14/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 模糊逻辑应用于IDS实例。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>健壮、安全通信协议的研究和开发,动态频谱感知,分布式和协作安全应该被认为是智能电网的一个固有部分的架构。先进的分散和开发的安全基础设施需要双向交流信息和控制设备的功能,在其他任务中,显示最近出版的“智能电网的网络安全评估技术指南”,国家标准和技术研究所。这种努力的复杂性,加上技术和标准的汞合金将在智能电网发展的共存,使非常有必要有一个共同发展的平台,提供灵活性和可靠的性能。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)开发平台分享这些优势,更不用说,单个FPGA芯片可以用于研究几种智能电网技术及其实现。FPGA芯片为应用程序提供巨大的潜力在智能电网进行加密和解密,入侵检测,低延迟路由、数据采集和信号处理、并行性、可配置性的硬件设备,高性能和高带宽防伪应用。威廉•桑德斯博士智能电网咨询委员会的成员的国家标准与技术研究院(NIST),一直是近年来最具影响力的人之一研究智能电网安全。他的研究小组和几个合作大学提出了一个值得信赖的网络基础设施的使用电网(TCIPG)关注低级的安全设备和通信,以及值得信赖的电网在各种条件下的操作包括网络攻击和紧急情况(<一个href=”#B83">83年</一个>]。TCIPG提出了协调一致的反应和检测多层的网络基础设施层次包括但不限于传感器/致动器和变电站的水平。在这些层面的层次结构、软件定义无线电和无线通信技术可以使用和研究预防攻击如无线干扰。桑德斯博士还建议使用specifications-based id在保护先进的计量基础设施(ami) [<一个href=”#B84">84年</一个>]。分布式fpga与自适应网络和合作能力可以用来研究一些安全性和通信方面的基础设施从攻击和防御的观点。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="conclusions">4所示。结论</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>在本文中,两个新兴的集成技术,即认知无线电和智能电网是解决。降维的概念作为一个可能的预处理方法提取高维数据的本征维数。使用wi - fi信号测量,主成分分析的有效性,KPCA, LVMU降维技术结合支持向量机方法在光谱遥感应用程序提供。此外,支持向量机技术用于电力系统扰动分类。复苏的稀疏智能电表传输,采用贝叶斯压缩感知和获得的实验结果给出了压缩传感的卡尔曼滤波方法对BPSK数据。最后,智能电网安全解决的关键问题,并提出了一个可能的方法来实现这一使用fpga模糊逻辑入侵检测。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="acknowledgments">确认</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>这项工作是由美国国家科学基金会资助拨款(eccs - 0901420), (eccs - 0821658)和(eccs - 0622125)和美国海军研究办公室通过两个合同(n00014 - 07 - 1 - 0529和n00014 - 11 - 1 - 0006)。</gydF4y2Bap> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="references" id="references">引用</h4gydF4y2Ba> <ol> <li id="B1">j . Mitola三世和g .问:马奎尔Jr .)“认知无线电:使软件无线电更个人。”<我>IEEE个人通信</我>》第六卷,没有。4,十三至十八页,1999年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/98.788210">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Cognitive%20radio:%20making%20software%20radios%20more%20personal&author=J. Mitola III &author=G. Q. Maguire Jr.&publication_year=1999" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B2">微积分,“认知无线电:brain-empowered无线通讯,”<我>IEEE在选定地区通讯》杂志上</我>,23卷,不。2、201 - 220年,2005页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2004.839380">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Cognitive%20radio:%20brain-empowered%20wireless%20communications&author=S. Haykin&publication_year=2005" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B3">g . Ganesan y, b . Bing,李,“时空感应认知无线电网络中,”<我>IEEE在选定地区通讯》杂志上</我>,26卷,不。1,5 - 12,2008页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2008.080102">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Spatiotemporal%20sensing%20in%20cognitive%20radio%20networks&author=G. Ganesan&author=Y. Li&author=B. Bing&author=&author=S. Li&publication_year=2008" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B4">j . Bazerque和g . Giannakis“分布式认知无线电网络频谱感知利用稀疏,”<我>IEEE信号处理</我>,卷。58岁的没有。3、1847 - 1862年,2010页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Distributed%20spectrum%20sensing%20for%20cognitive%20radio%20networks%20by%20exploiting%20sparsity&author=J. Bazerque &author=G. Giannakis&publication_year=2010" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B5">c . Cordeiro k . Challapali d Birru et al .,“IEEE 802.22:介绍第一个基于认知无线电的无线标准,“<我>杂志通讯</我>,1卷,不。1,38-47,2006页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=IEEE%20802.22:%20an%20introduction%20to%20the%20first%20wireless%20standard%20based%20on%20cognitive%20radios&author=C. Cordeiro&author=K. Challapali&author=D. Birru et al.&publication_year=2006" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B6">c . Cordeiro k . Challapali d Birru, n .赛Shankar”IEEE 802.22:第一个全球无线标准基于认知无线电,”<我>学报第一IEEE国际研讨会上新的前沿动态频谱接入网络(DySPAN ' 05)</我>马里兰州巴尔的摩,页328 - 337,美国2005年11月。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/DYSPAN.2005.1542649">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=IEEE%20802.22:%20the%20first%20worldwide%20wireless%20standard%20based%20on%20cognitive%20radios&author=C. Cordeiro&author=K. Challapali&author=D. Birru&author=&author=N. Sai Shankar" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B7">c . Cordeiro k Challapali, m . Ghosh”认知PHY和MAC层的动态频谱接入和共享电视乐队”<我>学报第一访问频谱的技术和政策国际研讨会</我>,卷222,p。3, ACM,纽约,纽约,美国,2006年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1145/1234388.1234391">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Cognitive%20PHY%20and%20MAC%20layers%20for%20dynamic%20spectrum%20access%20and%20sharing%20of%20TV%20bands&author=C. Cordeiro&author=K. Challapali&author=&author=M. Ghosh" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B8">w·c·史蒂文森g . Chouinard z Lei, s . Shellhammer和w·考德威尔,“IEEE 802.22:第一认知无线电无线局域网络标准,“<我>IEEE通讯杂志</我>卷,47号1,第138 - 130页,2009。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=IEEE%20802.22:%20the%20first%20cognitive%20radio%20wireless%20regional%20area%20network%20standard&author=C. Stevenson&author=G. Chouinard&author=Z. Lei&author=W. Hu&author=S. Shellhammer&author=&author=W. Caldwell&publication_year=2009" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B9">江z”,计算智能技术的智能电网未来”<我>学报第六届国际研讨会对神经网络的发展神经网络(ISNN ' 09)</我>,第1201 - 1191页,2009年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Computational%20intelligence%20techniques%20for%20a%20smart%20electric%20grid%20of%20the%20future&author=Z. Jiang" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B10">z, a Scaglione, r . j .托马斯“压缩电网、”<我>学报第一IEEE国际会议对智能电网通信(SmartGridComm 10)</我>,十三至十八页,2010年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622005">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Compressing%20electrical%20power%20grids&author=Z. Wang&author=A. Scaglione&author=&author=R. J. Thomas" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B11">j . a . Mohsenian-Rad诉Wong Jatskevich, r . Schober”最优和自主激发动机的能源消耗为智能电网调度算法,”<我>《创新智能电网技术(ISGT 10)</我>马里兰州盖瑟斯堡,页1 - 6,Citeseer,,,美国2010年1月。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Optimal%20and%20autonomous%20incentive-based%20energy%20consumption%20scheduling%20algorithm%20for%20smart%20grid&author=A. Mohsenian-Rad&author=V. Wong&author=J. Jatskevich&author=&author=R. Schober" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B12">美国卡洛和g . Kesidis”激发动机的能源消耗为智能电网的调度算法,”<我>学报第一IEEE国际会议上智能电网通信</我>马里兰州盖瑟斯堡,页391 - 396,,2010年10月美国。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Incentive-based%20energy%20consumption%20scheduling%20algorithms%20for%20the%20smart%20grid&author=S. Caron &author=G. Kesidis" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B13">a . l . Dimeas和n . d . Hatziargyriou”操作的微型智能电网"控制,多重代理系统”<我>IEEE电力系统</我>,20卷,不。3、1447 - 1455年,2005页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2005.852060">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Operation%20of%20a%20multiagent%20system%20for%20microgrid%20control&author=A. L. Dimeas &author=N. D. Hatziargyriou&publication_year=2005" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B14">美国Hatami和m . Pedram”最小化合作用户的电费Quasi-Dynamic定价模型,”<我>学报第一IEEE国际会议对智能电网通信(SmartGridComm 10)</我>IEEE,页421 - 426年,2010年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Minimizing%20the%20electricity%20bill%20of%20cooperative%20users%20under%20a%20Quasi-Dynamic%20Pricing%20Model&author=S. Hatami &author=M. Pedram" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B15">p . Samadi a . Mohsenian-Rad r . Schober诉Wong和j . Jatskevich”最优实时定价算法基于效用最大化的智能电网”<我>《IEEE国际会议上智能电网(SmartGridComm 10)</我>盖瑟斯堡,质量,美国,2010年10月。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Optimal%20real-time%20pricing%20algorithm%20based%20on%20utility%20maximization%20for%20smart%20grid&author=P. Samadi&author=A. Mohsenian-Rad&author=R. Schober&author=V. Wong&author=&author=J. Jatskevich" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B16">j . f . hau n . b . Bhatt k .沙和s . Kolluri”表现“广域保护东”提供动态信息的东北停电8月14日2003年”<我>IEEE电力工程学会学报大会</我>IEEE,页1685 - 1690年,丹佛,科罗拉多州,美国,2004年6月。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Performance%20of%20“WAMS%20East”%20in%20providing%20dynamic%20information%20for%20the%20North%20East%20blackout%20of%20August%2014,%202003&author=J. F. Hauer&author=N. B. Bhatt&author=K. Shah&author=&author=S. Kolluri" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B17">d .沙发g . A . Luckjiff w·e·Brumsickle j . Freeborg和A . Bhadkamkar“全国性的电网信息资源实时监控力量,”<我>IEEE行业应用</我>,40卷,不。2、699 - 705年,2004页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2004.824503">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20grid%20information%20resource%20for%20nationwide%20real-time%20power%20monitoring&author=D. Divan&author=G. A. Luckjiff&author=W. E. Brumsickle&author=J. Freeborg&author=&author=A. Bhadkamkar&publication_year=2004" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B18">b .秋l .陈诉Centeno, x,, y,“基于互联网的频率监测网络(FNET)”<我>IEEE电力工程学会学报冬季会议</我>,3卷,第1171 - 1166页,IEEE 2002。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Internet%20based%20frequency%20monitoring%20network%20(FNET)&author=B. Qiu&author=L. Chen&author=V. Centeno&author=X. Dong&author=&author=Y. Liu" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B19">a·g·Phadke”在电力系统同步相量测量<我>IEEE计算机应用</我>》第六卷,没有。2,页10 - 15,1993。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/67.207465">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Synchronized%20phasor%20measurements%20in%20power%20systems&author=A. G. Phadke&publication_year=1993" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B20">z中,c, b . j . Billian et al .,“电力系统频率监测网络(FNET)实现,”<我>IEEE电力系统</我>,20卷,不。4、1914 - 1921年,2005页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2005.857386">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Power%20system%20frequency%20monitoring%20network%20(FNET)%20implementation&author=Z. Zhong&author=C. Xu&author=B. J. Billian et al.&publication_year=2005" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B21">蔡,z中,j .左和y . Liu“散装电力系统广域频率测量,分析”<我>IEEE电力工程学会学报大会</我>2006年6月,蒙特利尔,加拿大,。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Analysis%20of%20wide-area%20frequency%20measurement%20of%20bulk%20power%20systems&author=S. Tsai&author=Z. Zhong&author=J. Zuo&author=&author=Y. Liu" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B22">刘c, a, c .黄“振荡稳定性分析使用实时测量数据,”<我>IEEE电力系统</我>,8卷,不。3、823 - 829年,2002页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Oscillatory%20stability%20analysis%20using%20real-time%20measured%20data&author=C. Chang&author=A. Liu&author=&author=C. Huang&publication_year=2002" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B23">c, x通榆、p . Zailin和y你们“电能质量扰动分类基于多分类支持向量机,”<我>第二届国际会议上电力电子和智能交通系统(PEITS ' 09)</我>,1卷,第294 - 290页,IEEE 2009。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Power%20quality%20disturbances%20classification%20based%20on%20multi-class%20classification%20SVM&author=C. Chunling&author=X. Tongyu&author=P. Zailin&author=&author=Y. Ye" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B24">高p和w·吴”,电能质量扰动分类使用小波支持向量机,”<我>学报6st智能系统设计与应用、国际会议(ISDA 06年)</我>2006年10月,页201 - 206。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/ISDA.2006.217">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Power%20quality%20disturbances%20classification%20using%20wavelet%20and%20support%20vector%20machines&author=P. Gao &author=W. Wu" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B25">a . m . Gaouda s . h . Kanoun m·m·a·Salama和a . y . Chikhani”模式识别应用电力系统扰动分类。”<我>IEEE电力交付</我>,17卷,不。3、677 - 683年,2002页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2002.1022786">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Pattern%20recognition%20applications%20for%20power%20system%20disturbance%20classification&author=A. M. Gaouda&author=S. H. Kanoun&author=M. M. A. Salama&author=&author=A. Y. Chikhani&publication_year=2002" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B26">f . Melgani y坝子,“心电图信号分类支持向量机和粒子群优化,“<我>IEEE在生物医学信息技术</我>,12卷,不。5,667 - 677年,2008页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/TITB.2008.923147">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Classification%20of%20electrocardiogram%20signals%20with%20support%20vector%20machines%20and%20particle%20swarm%20optimization&author=F. Melgani &author=Y. Bazi&publication_year=2008" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B27">即居尔和e·d·Ubeyli脑电信号分类、多类支持向量机”<我>IEEE在生物医学信息技术</我>,11卷,不。2、117 - 126年,2007页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/TITB.2006.879600">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Multiclass%20support%20vector%20machines%20for%20EEG-signals%20classification&author=I. Guler &author=E. D. Ubeyli&publication_year=2007" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B28">c·科尔特斯和诉Vapnik支持向量网络。”<我>机器学习</我>,20卷,不。3、273 - 297年,1995页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00994018">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Support-vector%20networks&author=C. Cortes &author=V. Vapnik&publication_year=1995" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B29">n i的标准和技术,网格安全指南》,1卷,“技术。代表,2010年,<一个t一个rget=”_blank" href="http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/PubsNISTIRs.html">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/PubsNISTIRs.html</一个>。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Guidelines%20for%20grid%20security,%20vol%201&author= N. I. of Standards &author=Technologies" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B30">m . Pazos-Revilla和a . Siraj fpga入侵检测系统的实验模型,”<我>学报》第26届国际会议上电脑和他们的应用程序</我>,2011年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=An%20experimental%20model%20of%20an%20fpga-based%20intrusion%20detection%20systems&author=M. Pazos-Revilla &author=A. Siraj" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B31">r·c·邱z陈:郭et al .,“对一个实时感知无线电网络测试平台:架构、硬件平台,并应用智能电网,”<我>学报》第五届IEEE软件定义无线电网络技术研讨会和白色的空间</我>,2010年6月。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Towards%20a%20real-time%20cognitive%20radio%20network%20testbed:%20architecture,%20hardware%20platform,%20and%20application%20to%20smart%20grid&author=R. C. Qiu&author=Z. Chen&author=N. Guo et al." target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B32">陈z:郭,r·c·邱“建立一个认知无线电网络测试平台,”<我>IEEE Southeastcon学报》上</我>美国纳什维尔,田纳西州,2011年3月。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Building%20A%20cognitive%20radio%20network%20testbed&author=Z. Chen&author=N. Guo&author=&author=R. C. Qiu" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B33">r·c·邱“认知无线电网络测试平台,<我>资助的研究建议国防大学研究仪器程序(DURIP)</我>2009年8月,<一个t一个rget=”_blank" href="http://www.defense.gov/news/Fiscal 2010 DURIP Winners List.pdf">2010年http://www.defense.gov/news/Fiscal DURIP赢家List.pdf</一个>。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Cognitive%20radio%20network%20testbed&author=R. C. Qiu&publication_year=August 2009" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B34">r·c·邱“认知无线电和智能电网,”<我>邀请在IEEE章</我>2010年2月,<一个t一个rget=”_blank" href="http://iweb.tntech.edu/rqiu">http://iweb.tntech.edu/rqiu</一个>。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Cognitive%20radio%20and%20smart%20grid&author=R. C. Qiu&publication_year=February 2010" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B35">r·c·邱“Cogntiive广播学院”,2010年的国防拨款资助的研究提案,2010年,<一个t一个rget=”_blank" href="http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/earmarks.php?cid=N00003126">http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/earmarks.php?cid=N00003126</一个>。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Cogntiive%20radio%20institute&author=R. C. Qiu" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B36">r·c·邱”,将智能电网研究TTU,”<我>在阿贡国家实验室</我>2010年2月,<一个t一个rget=”_blank" href="http://iweb.tntech.edu/rqiu/publications.htm">http://iweb.tntech.edu/rqiu/publications.htm</一个>。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Smart%20grid%20research%20at%20TTU&author=R. C. Qiu&publication_year=February 2010" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B37">r .秋胡z . g .郑z . Chen和n .郭”认知无线电网络的智能电网:实验系统结构、控制算法、安全、和微型智能电网"的实验,”<我>IEEE智能电网</我>。在出版社。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Cognitive%20radio%20network%20for%20the%20Smart%20Grid:%20experimental%20system%20architecture,%20control%20algorithms,%20security,%20and%20microgrid%20testbed&author=R. Qiu&author=Z. Hu&author=G. Zheng&author=Z. Chen&author=&author=N. Guo" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B38">r·c·邱m·c·威克斯z, l·李和s . j .侯”无线断层扫描(part1):遥感的新方法,”<我>第五届国际波形多样性和设计研讨会论文集</我>2010年8月,尼亚加拉大瀑布,加拿大,。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Wireless%20tomography(part1):%20a%20novel%20approach%20to%20remote%20sensing&author=R. C. Qiu&author=M. C. Wicks&author=Z. Hu&author=L. Li&author=&author=S. J. Hou" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B39">m·阿明和b . Wollenberg向智能电网:功率输出的21世纪,“<我>IEEE电力和能源杂志</我>,3卷,不。5、41、2005页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Toward%20a%20smart%20grid:%20power%20delivery%20for%20the%2021st%20century&author=M. Amin &author=B. Wollenberg&publication_year=2005" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B40">Cupp和m . Beehler”,实现智能电网通信”,2008。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Implementing%20smart%20grid%20communications&author=J. Cupp &author=M. Beehler&publication_year=2008" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B41">a . Ghassemi美国巴伐利亚,l .兰佩“认知无线电智能电网通信”<我>学报第一IEEE国际会议对智能电网通信(SmartGridComm 10)</我>IEEE,页297 - 302年,盖瑟斯堡,医学博士,美国,2010。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Cognitive%20radio%20for%20smart%20grid%20communications&author=A. Ghassemi&author=S. Bavarian&author=&author=L. Lampe" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B42">n Ghasemi和s . m . Hosseini”的比较与认知无线电智能电网:解决频谱稀缺,”<我>学报》第12先进通信技术国际会议(ICACT 10)</我>1卷,第903 - 898页,2010年2月。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Comparison%20of%20smart%20grid%20with%20cognitive%20radio:%20solutions%20to%20spectrum%20scarcity&author=N. Ghasemi &author=S. M. Hosseini" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B43">j·李和m . Verleysen<我>非线性降维</我>施普林格,伦敦,英国,2007年。<年代pan class="reflinks"></span></li> <li id="B44">i t . Jolliffe<我>主成分分析</我>施普林格,伦敦,英国,2002年。<年代pan class="reflinks"></span></li> <li id="B45">b . Scholkopf、a . Smola和k·r·穆勒”作为一个内核特征值问题,非线性成分分析”<我>神经计算</我>,10卷,不。5,1299 - 1319年,1998页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Nonlinear%20component%20analysis%20as%20a%20kernel%20eigenvalue%20problem&author=B. Schölkopf&author=A. Smola&author=&author=K. R. Müller&publication_year=1998" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B46">k问:温伯格和l . k .扫罗,”无监督学习的图像集合管半定规划,“<我>国际计算机视觉杂志》上</我>,卷70,不。1,第90 - 77页,2006。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-005-4939-z">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Unsupervised%20learning%20of%20image%20manifolds%20by%20semidefinite%20programming&author=K. Q. Weinberger &author=L. K. Saul&publication_year=2006" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B47">k·温伯格,b .封隔器和l .扫罗“非线性半定规划和内核矩阵分解降维,”<我>学报第十届国际研讨会在人工智能和统计数据</我>,第388 - 381页,2005年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Nonlinear%20dimensionality%20reduction%20by%20semidefinite%20programming%20and%20kernel%20matrix%20factorization&author=K. Weinberger&author=B. Packer&author=&author=L. Saul" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B48">诉Vapnik,<我>统计学习理论的本质</我>施普林格,伦敦,英国,2000年。<年代pan class="reflinks"></span></li> <li id="B49">诉Vapnik,<我>统计学习理论</我>威利,纽约,纽约,美国,1998年。<年代pan class="reflinks"></span></li> <li id="B50">诉Vapnik、美国Golowich和a . Smola”支持向量函数逼近的方法,回归估计,和信号处理”<我>先进的神经信息处理系统</我>m .莫泽尔,m .约旦和t . Petsche Eds。,pp. 281–287, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass, USA, 1997.<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Support%20vector%20method%20for%20function%20approximation,%20regression%20estimation,%20and%20signal%20processing&author=V. Vapnik&author=S. Golowich&author=&author=A. Smola&publication_year=1997" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B51">c . j . c . Burges”教程对支持向量机模式识别,”<我>数据挖掘和知识发现</我>,卷2,不。2、121 - 167年,1998页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20tutorial%20on%20support%20vector%20machines%20for%20pattern%20recognition&author=C. J. C. Burges&publication_year=1998" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B52">A . j . Smola和b . Scholkopf教程支持向量回归。”<我>统计和计算</我>,14卷,不。3、199 - 222年,2004页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1023/B:STCO.0000035301.49549.88">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20tutorial%20on%20support%20vector%20regression&author=A. J. Smola &author=B. Schölkopf&publication_year=2004" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B53">n Cristianini和j . Shawe-Taylor<我>介绍支持向量机:和其他基于学习的方法</我>英国剑桥,剑桥大学出版社,2000年。<年代pan class="reflinks"></span></li> <li id="B54">z陈和r·c·邱”预测信道状态的认知无线电使用高阶隐马尔可夫模型,”<我>美国东南部IEEE会议</我>2010年3月,页276 - 282。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.2010.5453870">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Prediction%20of%20channel%20state%20for%20cognitive%20radio%20using%20higher-order%20hidden%20Markov%20model&author=Z. Chen &author=R. C. Qiu" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B55">j . Sturm,”加拿大麦克马斯特大学先进优化实验室。SeDuMi 1.1版本R3, 2006。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=The%20advanced%20optimization%20laboratory%20at%20McMaster%20university,%20Canada.%20SeDuMi%20version%201.1%20R3&author=J. Sturm&publication_year=2006" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B56">s . Canu y Grandvalet、诉Guigue和a . Rakotomamonjy<我>支持向量机和内核方法Matlab工具箱</我>,感知Systmes等信息,早期de鲁昂,鲁昂,法国,2005年。<年代pan class="reflinks"></span></li> <li id="B57">d . Fradkin和i Muchnik”,支持向量机分类。”<我>离散方法在流行病学</我>卷。70年,13-20,2006页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Support%20vector%20machines%20for%20classification&author=D. Fradkin &author=I. Muchnik&publication_year=2006" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B58">k·班尼特和c·坎贝尔,“支持向量机:炒作或哈利路亚?”<我>ACM SIGKDD探索通讯</我>,卷2,不。2,1-13,2000页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Support%20vector%20machines:%20hype%20or%20hallelujah?&author=K. Bennett &author=C. Campbell&publication_year=2000" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B59">d . l . Donoho“压缩传感,”<我>IEEE信息理论</我>,52卷,不。4、1289 - 1306年,2006页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2006.871582">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Compressed%20sensing&author=D. L. Donoho&publication_year=2006" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B60">y Tsaig和d . l . Donoho“压缩传感的扩展”,<我>信号处理</我>,卷86,不。3、549 - 571年,2006页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2005.05.029">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Extensions%20of%20compressed%20sensing&author=Y. Tsaig &author=D. L. Donoho&publication_year=2006" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B61">e .萤石,“限制等容属性及其对压缩传感的影响,“<我>政府建筑渲染的数学</我>,卷346,不。9 - 10,589 - 592年,2008页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crma.2008.03.014">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=The%20restricted%20isometry%20property%20and%20its%20implications%20for%20compressed%20sensing&author=E. Candès&publication_year=2008" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B62">e .萤石、j·伯格和t .道,“强大的不确定性原则:准确的信号重建的高度不完整的频率信息,“<我>IEEE信息理论</我>,52卷,不。2、489 - 509年,2006页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2005.862083">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Robust%20uncertainty%20principles:%20exact%20signal%20reconstruction%20from%20highly%20incomplete%20frequency%20information&author=E. Candès&author=J. Romberg&author=&author=T. Tao&publication_year=2006" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B63">z田和g . b . Giannakis”宽带认知无线电,压缩传感”<我>学报IEEE国际会议音响、演讲和信号处理(ICASSP ' 07)</我>4卷,第1360 - 1357页,2007年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.2007.367330">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Compressed%20sensing%20for%20wideband%20cognitive%20radios&author=Z. Tian &author=G. B. Giannakis" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B64">l . Husheng m . Rukun l和r .秋,“压缩仪表读数在智能电网负荷对延迟敏感和安全报告,”<我>学报第一IEEE国际会议对智能电网通信(SmartGridComm 10)</我>,2010年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Compressed%20meter%20reading%20for%20delay-sensitive%20and%20secure%20load%20report%20in%20smart%20grid&author=L. Husheng&author=M. Rukun&author=L. Lifeng&author=&author=R. Qiu" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B68">y s霁雪,l . Carin“贝叶斯压缩感知,”<我>IEEE信号处理</我>卷,56号6,2346 - 2356年,2008页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2007.914345">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Bayesian%20compressive%20sensing&author=S. Ji&author=Y. Xue&author=&author=L. Carin&publication_year=2008" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B78">答:迦米、p . Gurfil和d . Kanevsky“稀疏信号恢复方法使用卡尔曼滤波和嵌入式pseudo-measurement规范和quasi-norms,”<我>IEEE信号处理</我>,卷。58岁的没有。4、2405 - 2409年,2010页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2009.2038959">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Methods%20for%20sparse%20signal%20recovery%20using%20Kalman%20filtering%20with%20embedded%20pseudo-measurement%20norms%20and%20quasi-norms&author=A. Carmi&author=P. Gurfil&author=&author=D. Kanevsky&publication_year=2010" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B65">s . s . Chen d l . Donoho m·a·桑德斯,原子分解的基础上追求,“<我>暹罗审查</我>,43卷,不。1,第159 - 129页,2001。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1137/S003614450037906X">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Atomic%20decomposition%20by%20basis%20pursuit&author=S. S. Chen&author=D. L. Donoho&author=&author=M. A. Saunders&publication_year=2001" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B66">s . g . Mallat >,“与时频词典匹配的追求,”<我>IEEE信号处理</我>第41卷。。12日,第3415 - 3397页,1993年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/78.258082">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Matching%20pursuits%20with%20time-frequency%20dictionaries&author=S. G. Mallat &author=Z. Zhang&publication_year=1993" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B67">j . a . Tropp和a·c·吉尔伯特”通过正交匹配追踪信号恢复从随机测量,”<我>IEEE信息理论</我>,53卷,不。12日,第4666 - 4655页,2007年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2007.909108">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Signal%20recovery%20from%20random%20measurements%20via%20orthogonal%20matching%20pursuit&author=J. A. Tropp &author=A. C. Gilbert&publication_year=2007" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B69">r . Meinhold和n . Singpurwalla”理解卡尔曼滤波器,”<我>美国统计学家</我>,37卷,不。2、123 - 127年,1983页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Understanding%20the%20Kalman%20filter&author=R. Meinhold &author=N. Singpurwalla&publication_year=1983" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B70">r·卡尔曼et al .,“线性滤波和预测问题的新方法,”<我>《基础工程</我>,卷82,不。1、35 - 45,1960页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20new%20approach%20to%20linear%20filtering%20and%20prediction%20problems&author=R. Kalman et al.&publication_year=1960" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B71">微积分,<我>自适应滤波器理论</我>培生教育,英国多林金德斯利有限公司制造书籍,印度,2008。<年代pan class="reflinks"></span></li> <li id="B72">凡德尔莫维大肠Wan和r .,“无味卡尔曼滤波器的非线性估计,”<我>学报信号处理的自适应系统,通信和控制研讨会(AS-SPCC ' 00)</我>IEEE,页153 - 158年,2000年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=The%20unscented%20Kalman%20filter%20for%20nonlinear%20estimation&author=E. Wan &author=R. van der Merwe" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B73">g . Evensen“合奏卡尔曼滤波器:理论制定和实际实现中,“<我>海洋动力学</我>,53卷,不。4、343 - 367年,2003页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=The%20ensemble%20Kalman%20filter:%20theoretical%20formulation%20and%20practical%20implementation&author=G. Evensen&publication_year=2003" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B74">l .马、吴k和l .朱“火灾烟雾检测视频图像使用卡尔曼滤波器和高斯混合模型,颜色”<我>《人工智能国际会议和计算智能(AICI 10)</我>,1卷,页484 - 487,IEEE,三亚,中国,2010。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Fire%20smoke%20detection%20in%20video%20images%20using%20Kalman%20filter%20and%20Gaussian%20mixture%20color%20model&author=L. Ma&author=K. Wu&author=&author=L. Zhu" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B75">l . Ljung”渐近行为的扩展卡尔曼滤波器作为线性系统的参数估计,“<我>IEEE自动控制</我>,24卷,不。1,36-50,2002页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Asymptotic%20behavior%20of%20the%20extended%20Kalman%20filter%20as%20a%20parameter%20estimator%20for%20linear%20systems&author=L. Ljung&publication_year=2002" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B76">凡德尔莫维r . e .广域网,“平方根无味卡尔曼滤波器的状态和参数估计,”<我>《IEEE国际会议音响、演讲和信号处理(ICASSP 01)</我>》第六卷,第3464 - 3461页,IEEE,犹他州,盐湖城美国,2001年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=The%20square-root%20unscented%20Kalman%20filter%20for%20state%20and%20parameter-estimation&author=R. van der Merwe &author=E. Wan" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B77">a . Lakhzouri大肠罗汉,r . Hamila和m . Renfors”扩展卡尔曼滤波信道估计在WCDMA移动视距探测定位,“<我>EURASIP应用信号处理》杂志上</我>卷,2003年,第1278 - 1268页,2003年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Extended%20Kalman%20filter%20channel%20estimation%20for%20line-of-sight%20detection%20in%20WCDMA%20mobile%20positioning&author=A. Lakhzouri&author=E. Lohan&author=R. Hamila&author=&author=M. Renfors&publication_year=2003" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B79">d . Kanevsky a .迦米l .山寨p . Gurfil b . Ramabhadran和t . Sainath,“卡尔曼滤波压缩传感,”<我>学报》13日会议信息融合(融合”10)</我>英国爱丁堡,页1 - 8,2010年7月。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Kalman%20filtering%20for%20compressed%20sensing&author=D. Kanevsky&author=A. Carmi&author=L. Horesh&author=P. Gurfil&author=B. Ramabhadran&author=&author=T. Sainath" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B80">s . j . 7月和j·j·LaViola,”卡尔曼滤波和非线性等式约束。”<我>IEEE信号处理</我>,55卷,不。6,2774 - 2784年,2007页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2007.893949">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=On%20Kalman%20filtering%20with%20nonlinear%20equality%20constraints&author=S. J. Julier &author=J. J. LaViola&publication_year=2007" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B81">m . e .引爆“稀疏贝叶斯学习和相关向量机”,<我>机器学习研究杂志》上</我>,1卷,不。3、211 - 244年,2001页。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://doi.org/10.1162/15324430152748236">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</年代pan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Sparse%20bayesian%20learning%20and%20the%20relevance%20vector%20machine&author=M. E. Tipping&publication_year=2001" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B82">m . Pazos-Revilla<我>基于Fpga的模糊入侵检测系统对网络安全</我>田纳西科技大学,硕士论文Cookeville,田纳西州,美国,2010年。<年代pan class="reflinks"></span></li> <li id="B83">w·桑德斯,”电网Tcip:值得信赖的网络基础设施,“技术。代表,信息信任研究所,伊利诺伊大学香槟分校,2011年。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Tcip:%20trustworthy%20cyber%20infrastructure%20for%20the%20power%20grid&author=W. Sanders&publication_year=2011" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> <li id="B84">r . Berthier w·桑德斯和h Khurana认为,“入侵检测先进的计量基础设施:需求和架构的方向,”<我>学报第一IEEE国际会议对智能电网通信(SmartGridComm 10)</我>IEEE,页350 - 355年,盖瑟斯堡,医学博士,美国,2010年10月。<年代pan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Intrusion%20detection%20for%20advanced%20metering%20infrastructures:%20requirements%20and%20architectural%20directions&author=R. Berthier&author=W. Sanders&author=&author=H. Khurana" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> </ol> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="copyright" id="copyright">版权</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>版权©2011 Raghuram Ranganathan et al。这是一个开放的分布式下文章<一个rel=”l我cen年代e”href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">知识共享归属许可</一个>,它允许无限制的使用、分配和复制在任何媒介,提供最初的工作是正确引用。</gydF4y2Bap> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 eyHfWh journal_article__BiblioIntegratorWidget-sc-12fk6zy-5 dbAANp article_widget biblioWrapper hide"> <hr> <h4 class="biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 becpDt hrTitleRef">更多相关文章</h4gydF4y2Ba> <div id="biblio_widget" class="biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 kCVTCa"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__RightWrapper-sc-1bf4078-2 jzTMLK rightWrapper" id="rightSectionMenu"> <div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyTopToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-0 gbrQxi article_sticky_top_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cBdUnI hRnXob article_top_toolbar"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dIjoCg sc-exkUMo hymroZ pdf_desktop button__group" href="https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087.pdf" aria-label="" target="_blank" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/src/icon/svg/pdf.svg" height="24"><span class="text">PDF</年代pan></span><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dIjoCg sc-kcDeIU cbcyj ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavLarge"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0iMTgiIGhlaWdodD0iMjIiIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxOCAyMiI+PGRlZnM+PGNsaXBQYXRoIGlkPSJhIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNMywyMmEzLDMsMCwwLDEtMy0zVjNBMywzLDAsMCwxLDMsMGg4YS45OTEuOTkxLDAsMCwxLC41NzMuMTgxbDAsMCwuMDA4LjAwNmEuOTU1Ljk1NSwwLDAsMSwuMTIyLjFsNiw2YTEuMDI1LDEuMDI1LDAsMCwxLC4xLjEyMmwuMDA2LjAxLDAsMEExLDEsMCwwLDEsMTgsNi45NzVWMTlhMywzLDAsMCwxLTMsM1pNMiwzVjE5YTEsMSwwLDAsMCwxLDFIMTVhMSwxLDAsMCwwLDEtMVY4SDExYTEsMSwwLDAsMS0xLTFWMkgzQTEsMSwwLDAsMCwyLDNaTTEyLDZoMi41ODdMMTIsMy40MTRaTTUsMTdhMSwxLDAsMSwxLDAtMmg4YTEsMSwwLDEsMSwwLDJabTAtNGExLDEsMCwxLDEsMC0yaDhhMSwxLDAsMSwxLDAsMlpNNSw5QTEsMSwwLDEsMSw1LDdIN0ExLDEsMCwwLDEsNyw5WiIgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoMyAxKSIvPjwvY2xpcFBhdGg+PC9kZWZzPjxnIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKC0zIC0xKSI+PHBhdGggZD0iTTMsMjJhMywzLDAsMCwxLTMtM1YzQTMsMywwLDAsMSwzLDBoOGEuOTkxLjk5MSwwLDAsMSwuNTczLjE4MWwwLDAsLjAwOC4wMDZhLjk1NS45NTUsMCwwLDEsLjEyMi4xbDYsNmExLjAyNSwxLjAyNSwwLDAsMSwuMS4xMjJsLjAwNi4wMSwwLDBBMSwxLDAsMCwxLDE4LDYuOTc1VjE5YTMsMywwLDAsMS0zLDNaTTIsM1YxOWExLDEsMCwwLDAsMSwxSDE1YTEsMSwwLDAsMCwxLTFWOEgxMWExLDEsMCwwLDEtMS0xVjJIM0ExLDEsMCwwLDAsMiwzWk0xMiw2aDIuNTg3TDEyLDMuNDE0Wk01LDE3YTEsMSwwLDEsMSwwLTJoOGExLDEsMCwxLDEsMCwyWm0wLTRhMSwxLDAsMSwxLDAtMmg4YTEsMSwwLDEsMSwwLDJaTTUsOUExLDEsMCwxLDEsNSw3SDdBMSwxLDAsMCwxLDcsOVoiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDMgMSkiLz48ZyBjbGlwLXBhdGg9InVybCgjYSkiPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIgZmlsbD0icmdiYSgwLDAsMCwwKSIvPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIvPjwvZz48L2c+PC9zdmc+" height="24"><span class="text">下载引用</年代pan></span><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dIjoCg sc-BngTV hmDWcT ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">引用</年代pan></span><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-1 isgRZA article_sticky_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cTjmhe ihmyEq article_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cugefK itFKcQ accordion" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__dofNav"> <span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">下载其他格式</年代pan><span class="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">更多的</年代pan></span> <span class="sc-htoDjs bMdQcY sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="11"></span> </div> <div class="sc-fnwBNb etzuBr"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-iNhVCk gWgCNb open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/ijdmb/2011/502087.xml" aria-label="XML" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-eAKXzc WHkfb"> XML</d我v><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"></a> </div> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-imABML ibWUzs" href="//www.newsama.com/reprints/502087/confirm" aria-label="Order Printed Copies" target="_blank" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__opcNav"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">订单打印副本</年代pan><span class="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">订单</年代pan></span><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL right__icon icon-colored _32KP5uexH-Bgs7Kj8Gk1Tz icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-hBbWxd kdRRST"> <div class="sc-dyGzUR cHatnS"> <div> 的观点<年代pan>5026年</年代pan> </div> <div> 下载<年代pan>2516年</年代pan> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sc-drKuOJ kxdGAZ"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1155/2011/502087" data-style="small_circle"></span>引用</d我v> </div> </div> <nav class="sc-bRBYWo fXBKFa sc-hUfwpO jHPgUP" id="toolbar__iconNav"> <h3 class="sc-Rmtcm hNPrIr">分享文章</h3gydF4y2Ba> <ul class="sc-hzDkRC bnbfTS"> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/502087&via=Hindawi" aria-label="Sharing on Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialTwitter" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"></a></li> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle/?url=https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/502087" aria-label="Sharing on Linkedin" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialLinkedin" title="" role="presentation" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/src/icon/svg/socialLinkedin.svg" height="24"></a></li> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/502087" aria-label="Sharing on Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialFacebook" title="" role="presentation" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/lnAN2Xjbmyh9PQ3GdOGr2/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/src/icon/svg/socialFacebook-HINDAWI.svg" height="24"></a></li> <li class="iconBorder"> <div class="wechat-container"> <img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialWechat" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIyMy45NjYiIGhlaWdodD0iMTguOTU4IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMjMuOTY2IDE4Ljk1OCI+PGcgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoLTAuMDA3IC0wLjAzNikiPjxwYXRoIGQ9Ik0zLjA1NiwxNWEuMzQ4LjM0OCwwLDAsMS0uMi0uMDU5LjM2My4zNjMsMCwwLDEtLjEzMS0uNDIyLDUuNDM1LDUuNDM1LDAsMCwxLC4yMS0uNzM5LDUuNjQ2LDUuNjQ2LDAsMCwwLC4yMDYtLjcxNy41NDMuNTQzLDAsMCwwLS4yNjctLjY4M0E2LjY0Niw2LjY0NiwwLDAsMSwuMzQ4LDkuMTQ0LDYuMzkzLDYuMzkzLDAsMCwxLC4wMDYsNy4xNTVhNS40NjQsNS40NjQsMCwwLDEsLjc0LTIuOTc2LDcuNDMyLDcuNDMyLDAsMCwxLC44NzctMS4yMjFBOC45NDIsOC45NDIsMCwwLDEsNC4xNDEsMS4wMTEsNy4wMTMsNy4wMTMsMCwwLDEsNS40ODUuNDc5bC4xNC0uMDQ1QTYuOTMxLDYuOTMxLDAsMCwxLDcuMjk0LjA4TDcuNjQyLjA1bC4wMzMsMEM3Ljk0LjAyNCw4LjIxNCwwLDguNDg1LDBhMy42MTUsMy42MTUsMCwwLDEsLjU2OS4wNDFjLjIxMy4wMzMuNDMzLjA0Ni42NDYuMDU5aC4wMTZjLjE5Mi4wMTIuNDEuMDI1LjYyMi4wNTVhMTAuMjE4LDEwLjIxOCwwLDAsMSwxLjMzNy4zMmwuMDA3LDBMMTEuNzQxLjVsLjIuMDU4YTcuNzEzLDcuNzEzLDAsMCwxLDIuNzA2LDEuMzgzQTYuNTYzLDYuNTYzLDAsMCwxLDE3LjIsNS44MTRjLjAxNy4wODQuMDEzLjEzNi0uMDEzLjE2OHMtLjA3Mi4wNDctLjE1OC4wNDloLS4wNzFjLS4wOTQsMC0uMTg5LS4wMDUtLjI4Mi0uMDFsLS4wMzIsMGMtLjA4OSwwLS4yLS4wMTEtLjMwNS0uMDExLS4wNDksMC0uMSwwLS4xNTEsMGExMC42MzEsMTAuNjMxLDAsMCwwLTIuMDE1LjM0Niw3LjMzMiw3LjMzMiwwLDAsMC0yLjQ0MywxLjA3MkE2Ljc0OSw2Ljc0OSwwLDAsMCw5LjQxLDEwLjEwNWE1LjMyOSw1LjMyOSwwLDAsMC0uNTQ0LDIuNDIxQTQuOTEsNC45MSwwLDAsMCw5LjEsMTMuOTE4Yy4wMzQuMTA3LjAzNi4xNzIuMDA3LjIxMnMtLjEyMS4wNTMtLjIyMS4wNTNhMS42NTEsMS42NTEsMCwwLDAtLjItLjAwOUg4LjUzN2ExMC4yLDEwLjIsMCwwLDEtMi43NTUtLjQuNzA2LjcwNiwwLDAsMC0uMi0uMDMxLjg2Ljg2LDAsMCwwLS40MjEuMTI1Yy0uMzg1LjIxMi0uNzcuNDM3LTEuMTQzLjY1NWwtLjA2Mi4wMzYtLjE5Mi4xMTJjLS4xNDYuMDg1LS4yOS4xNjktLjQzNC4yNTJBLjU1Mi41NTIsMCwwLDEsMy4wNTYsMTVabTguNDYtMTEuMzEzYTEuMTgsMS4xOCwwLDAsMC0uODIuMzksMS4wNzMsMS4wNzMsMCwwLDAtLjMxLjc2MywxLjEzOCwxLjEzOCwwLDAsMCwxLjA1NSwxLjA4MS44MTYuODE2LDAsMCwwLC4wOTMsMGguMDE1YTEuMTE5LDEuMTE5LDAsMCwwLDEuMTA1LTEuMDY0LDEuMDUzLDEuMDUzLDAsMCwwLS4zMTktLjc2LDEuMTgsMS4xOCwwLDAsMC0uOC0uNDA2Wm0tNS43MjguMDUxYTEuMSwxLjEsMCwwLDAtLjc3Mi4zMTEsMS4wNSwxLjA1LDAsMCwwLS4zMTkuNzU3QTEuMDc0LDEuMDc0LDAsMCwwLDUuNzQ3LDUuOWguMDE0YTEuMDkzLDEuMDkzLDAsMCwwLDEuMS0xLjA0NywxLjA0MiwxLjA0MiwwLDAsMC0uMjgxLS43NzJBMS4wOSwxLjA5LDAsMCwwLDUuOCwzLjc0M1oiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDAuMDA3IDAuMDM2KSIgZmlsbD0iIzdlZDMyMSIvPjxwYXRoIGQ9Ik0xMS44ODIsMTIuNDUxYS40NjEuNDYxLDAsMCwxLS4yMjQtLjA2N2wtLjA4NS0uMDQ3LS4yMzgtLjEzMWMtLjMyOC0uMTc5LS43LS4zODItMS4wMzktLjZhLjk2My45NjMsMCwwLDAtLjUzNS0uMTcxLDEuMDg2LDEuMDg2LDAsMCwwLS4zMTEuMDQ4LDguMTEyLDguMTEyLDAsMCwxLTEuNzUxLjI2NWMtLjE5NC4wMTMtLjQuMDItLjYuMDJhOC4wNzQsOC4wNzQsMCwwLDEtMi42LS40MjEsNi43NjksNi43NjksMCwwLDEtMy4yMzMtMi4xMUE1LjM4Miw1LjM4MiwwLDAsMSwuMTQsNy4wNDRhNS4wMiw1LjAyLDAsMCwxLC41NzgtMy43N0E2LjE2MSw2LjE2MSwwLDAsMSwzLjI2Ni45NTksNy44Niw3Ljg2LDAsMCwxLDUuNC4xMzEsNy4xODMsNy4xODMsMCwwLDEsNi43NTEsMGMuMTcyLDAsLjM0Mi4wMDYuNS4wMTdDNy40MjUuMDA3LDcuNTk0LDAsNy43NTgsMGE3LjM0OCw3LjM0OCwwLDAsMSwzLjIyOS44MDZBNi4wMTcsNi4wMTcsMCwwLDEsMTQuMyw0LjUxNiw0LjksNC45LDAsMCwxLDE0LjA4OSw3LjhhNS41NDcsNS41NDcsMCwwLDEtMS45MSwyLjRjLS4zODIuMjg5LS40MjcuMzQ0LS4zMDcuODEyLjA4OC4zMzMuMTc1LjY2Ni4yNjMsMSwuMDMzLjEyOC4wNzEuMjczLS4wNjYuMzcyQS4zMTYuMzE2LDAsMCwxLDExLjg4MiwxMi40NTFaTTkuNTg4LDMuMWEuODY3Ljg2NywwLDAsMC0uODc4Ljg4NS45MzIuOTMyLDAsMCwwLC4yNjcuNjUxQS45MjcuOTI3LDAsMCwwLDEwLjU1LDQsLjg5NC44OTQsMCwwLDAsOS42OCwzLjFIOS41ODhaTTQuNzU3LDMuMDkzYS45LjksMCwwLDAtLjYwOC4zMDkuNzkyLjc5MiwwLDAsMC0uMjM5LjU3Mi44OTIuODkyLDAsMCwwLC44ODUuOTIyLjk5NC45OTQsMCwwLDAsLjcxNi0uMjc4Ljg2Ni44NjYsMCwwLDAsLjI0Ny0uNjI2Ljk5Mi45OTIsMCwwLDAtLjk3Ny0uOUg0Ljc1N1oiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDkuNDc4IDYuNTQyKSIgZmlsbD0iIzdlZDMyMSIvPjwvZz48L3N2Zz4=" height="24"> <div class="addthis_inline_share_toolbox"></div> </div></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:?subject=Cognitive Radio for Smart Grid: Theory, Algorithms, and Security&body=https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/502087" aria-label="Sharing on Mail" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialMail" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 cBTaXT journal_article__BiblioIntegratorSidebar-sc-12fk6zy-4 cYsVdk biblioWrapperRight biblioWrapper hide"> <hr> <h4 class="biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 becpDt hrTitleRef">相关文章</h4gydF4y2Ba> <div id="biblio_sidebar" class="biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 kCVTCa"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer class="sc-jKJlTe inBNwS"> <section class="sc-eNQAEJ dkutRV"> <div class="sc-bZQynM bNmdOy E_HUmlU2Hj3PpkDmWzKPd primary__footer footer__bodypadding"> <div class="sc-hMqMXs hlGpbO mobile"> 遵循我们:<n一个v role="navigation" class="sc-kkGfuU filPdg"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://twitter.com/hindawi" aria-label="Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/hindawilimited/" aria-label="LinkedIn" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDIK_O7FATPEkhad_sQVaSg" aria-label="Youtube" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://www.facebook.com/HindawiLimited/" aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> </nav> </div> <nav class="E_HUmlU2Hj3PpkDmWzKPd _3wm8FgzqRuRWouJG31YgKx" role="navigation"> <ul class="_2k5c8zEhMT-84kRD4oDgAz _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link about_us" href="//www.newsama.com/about/" aria-label="About us">关于我们</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link contact_us" href="//www.newsama.com/about/contact/" aria-label="Contact us">联系我们</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link partnerships" href="//www.newsama.com/publishing-partnerships/" aria-label="Partnerships">合作伙伴关系</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link blog" href="//www.newsama.com/blog/" aria-label="Blog">博客</一个></li> </ul> <ul class="_2k5c8zEhMT-84kRD4oDgAz _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link journals" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/" aria-label="Journals">期刊</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link article_processing_charges" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/authors/article-processing-charges/" aria-label="Article Processing Charges">文章处理费用</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link print_editions" href="//www.newsama.com/print-editions/" aria-label="Print editions">印刷版</一个></li> </ul> <ul class="_2k5c8zEhMT-84kRD4oDgAz _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link authors" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/authors/" aria-label="Authors">作者</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link editors" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/editors/" aria-label="Editors">编辑器</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link reviewers" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/reviewers/" aria-label="Reviewers">评论家</一个></li> </ul> <ul class="_2k5c8zEhMT-84kRD4oDgAz _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link hindawi_xml_corpus" href="//www.newsama.com/hindawi-xml-corpus/" aria-label="Hindawi XML Corpus">雷电竞APP</a></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link open_archives_initiative" href="//www.newsama.com/open-archives-initiative/" aria-label="Open Archives Initiative">开放档案计划</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link fraud_prevention" href="//www.newsama.com/preventing-and-protecting-against-fraud/" aria-label="Fraud prevention">欺诈防范</一个></li> </ul> </nav> <div class="sc-hMqMXs hlGpbO desktop"> 遵循我们:<n一个v role="navigation" class="sc-kkGfuU filPdg"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://twitter.com/hindawi" aria-label="Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/hindawilimited/" aria-label="LinkedIn" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDIK_O7FATPEkhad_sQVaSg" aria-label="Youtube" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://www.facebook.com/HindawiLimited/" aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iNDAiIGhlaWdodD0iMzkiIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCA0MCAzOSIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNNDAgMTkuNDU5NUM0MCA4LjcxMzk0IDMxLjA0NCAwIDIwIDBDOC45NTU5OSAwIDAgOC43MTM5NCAwIDE5LjQ1OTVDMCAzMC4yMDUgOC45NTU5OSAzOC45MTg5IDIwIDM4LjkxODlDMjAuMTE3NSAzOC45MTg5IDIwLjIzNDQgMzguOTE2NSAyMC4zNTE2IDM4LjkxNDVWMjMuNzY2MUgxNi4wNTQ3VjE4Ljg5MzhIMjAuMzUxNlYxNS4zMDg0QzIwLjM1MTYgMTEuMTUwMiAyMi45NjA1IDguODg3MDUgMjYuNzcyOCA4Ljg4NzA1QzI4LjU5ODMgOC44ODcwNSAzMC4xNjc1IDkuMDE5NDggMzAuNjI1IDkuMDc4NTdWMTMuNDI0NEgyNy45OTYyQzI1LjkyMjIgMTMuNDI0NCAyNS41MjA2IDE0LjM4MzUgMjUuNTIwNiAxNS43OTA2VjE4Ljg5MzhIMzAuNDc5N0wyOS44MzM0IDIzLjc2NjFIMjUuNTIwNlYzOC4xNjcxQzMzLjg4MDMgMzUuODM1MyA0MCAyOC4zNDE4IDQwIDE5LjQ1OTVaIiBmaWxsPSIjRjJGMkYyIj48L3BhdGg+PC9zdmc+" height="40"></a> </nav> </div> </div> </section> <div class="sc-bZQynM bNmdOy"> <section class="sc-iAyFgw gCiATD"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/privacy/" aria-label="Privacy Policy">隐私政策<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> |</一个> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/terms/" aria-label="Terms of Service">服务条款<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> |</一个> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/responsible-disclosure-policy/" aria-label="Responsible Disclosure Policy">负责信息披露政策<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> |</一个> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/cookie-policy/" aria-label="Cookie Policy">饼干的政策<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> |</一个> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/copyright/" aria-label="Copyright">版权<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> |</一个> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/modern-slavery-statement/" aria-label="Modern slavery statement">现代奴隶制的声明<gydF4y2Ba!-- --></a> </section> </div> </footer> <div class="sc-OxbzP eEFYIL advWrapper hideBanner"> <span><p>文章奖:2020年杰出的研究贡献,选择由我们的首席编辑。<一个href=”//www.newsama.com/article-year-award/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">获奖的文章阅读</一个>。</gydF4y2Bap></span> <button class="sc-bYnzgO dsXEHZ"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje iiusBg sc-cPuPxo iXKuYd" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="16"></button> </div> </div> </div> <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.newsama.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MQ4MGW" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript> </div> </body> </html>