and . However, 50 mM NaCl did not modify these parameters, which remains similar to control values. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, and heme oxygenase (HO-1) activities and gene expressions were increased under 100 mM NaCl, while no differences were observed with respect to controls under 50 mM salt. Treatment with 200 mM NaCl caused a diminution in the enzyme activities and gene expressions. Results here reported let us conclude that HO also plays a leading role in the defense mechanisms against salinity.">
血红素加氧酶有助于缓解盐度损害大豆l .树叶</gydF4y2Batitle>
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.expand_btn{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiPz4KPHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTZweCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxNnB4IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMTYgMTYiIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayI+CiAgICA8IS0tIEdlbmVyYXRvcjogU2tldGNoIDUzLjIgKDcyNjQzKSAtIGh0dHBzOi8vc2tldGNoYXBwLmNvbSAtLT4KICAgIDx0aXRsZT5JY29ucy9DbG9zZSBNZW51IC08L3RpdGxlPgogICAgPGRlc2M+Q3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIFNrZXRjaC48L2Rlc2M+CiAgICA8ZGVmcz4KICAgICAgICA8cGF0aCBkPSJNMTMsMTEgTDE5LDExIEMxOS41NTIyODQ3LDExIDIwLDExLjQ0NzcxNTMgMjAsMTIgQzIwLDEyLjU1MjI4NDcgMTkuNTUyMjg0NywxMyAxOSwxMyBMMTMsMTMgTDEzLDE5IEMxMywxOS41NTIyODQ3IDEyLjU1MjI4NDcsMjAgMTIsMjAgQzExLjQ0NzcxNTMsMjAgMTEsMTkuNTUyMjg0NyAxMSwxOSBMMTEsMTMgTDUsMTMgQzQuNDQ3NzE1MjUsMTMgNCwxMi41NTIyODQ3IDQsMTIgQzQsMTEuNDQ3NzE1MyA0LjQ0NzcxNTI1LDExIDUsMTEgTDExLDExIEwxMSw1IEMxMSw0LjQ0NzcxNTI1IDExLjQ0NzcxNTMsNCAxMiw0IEMxMi41NTIyODQ3LDQgMTMsNC40NDc3MTUyNSAxMyw1IEwxMywxMSBaIiBpZD0icGF0aC0xIj48L3BhdGg+CiAgICA8L2RlZnM+CiAgICA8ZyBpZD0iUGFnZS0xIiBzdHJva2U9Im5vbmUiIHN0cm9rZS13aWR0aD0iMSIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSIgZmlsbC1ydWxlPSJldmVub2RkIj4KICAgICAgICA8ZyBpZD0iQXJ0aWNsZS0tLU1vYmlsZS0tLWZpZ3VyZSIgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoLTIwLjAwMDAwMCwgLTg2MS4wMDAwMDApIj4KICAgICAgICAgICAgPGcgaWQ9Ikdyb3VwLTkiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDAuMDAwMDAwLCAzMzAuMDAwMDAwKSI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8ZyBpZD0iR3JvdXAtOCIgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoMC4wMDAwMDAsIDUwNi4wMDAwMDApIj4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8ZyBpZD0iR3JvdXAtNyIgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoMC4wMDAwMDAsIDE2LjAwMDAwMCkiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8ZyBpZD0iSWNvbnMvT3Blbi1NZW51LSsiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDEzLjAwMDAwMCwgMi4wMDAwMDApIj4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDxnIGlkPSJwbHVzIiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgzLjAwMDAwMCwgMy4wMDAwMDApIj4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8bWFzayBpZD0ibWFzay0yIiBmaWxsPSJ3aGl0ZSI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDx1c2UgeGxpbms6aHJlZj0iI3BhdGgtMSI+PC91c2U+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPC9tYXNrPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDx1c2UgaWQ9IkNvbWJpbmVkLVNoYXBlIiBmaWxsPSIjMDAwMDAwIiBmaWxsLXJ1bGU9Im5vbnplcm8iIHhsaW5rOmhyZWY9IiNwYXRoLTEiPjwvdXNlPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDxnIGlkPSJDT0xPUi8tUHJpbWFyeS1HcmVlbiIgbWFzaz0idXJsKCNtYXNrLTIpIiBmaWxsPSIjNkJBNDM5IiBmaWxsLXJ1bGU9ImV2ZW5vZGQiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8cmVjdCBpZD0iUmVjdGFuZ2xlIiB4PSIwIiB5PSIwIiB3aWR0aD0iMjQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjQiPjwvcmVjdD4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8L2c+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8L2c+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDwvZz4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8L2c+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8L2c+CiAgICAgICAgICAgIDwvZz4KICAgICAgICA8L2c+CiAgICA8L2c+Cjwvc3ZnPg==') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;margin-top:10px;min-width:55px;display:none;} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .expand_btn{display:none;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{-webkit-flex:9;-ms-flex:9;flex:9;text-align:left;padding:21px 37px 10px 0px;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 18px 10px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 21px 10px 21px;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;padding:16px 0 16px 0;min-width:62px;max-width:62px;} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:16px 0 17px 0;min-width:52px;max-width:52px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:15px 0 17px 0;min-width:60px;max-width:60px;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{font-size:14px;padding:0px 18px 17px 22px;} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 15px 15px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 18px 19px 21px;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text figcaption{margin:0;padding:0;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text svg{max-width:100%;} .hMPMVR ol{font-size:16px;padding-left:32px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;line-height:24px;margin:15px 0;} .hMPMVR ol li{margin:10px 0;padding-left:10px;word-break:normal;} .hMPMVR ol li a{word-break:break-all;} .hMPMVR ol li .reflinks{display:block;} .hMPMVR ol li .reflinks a{color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .hMPMVR ol li .reflinks a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} .hMPMVR ol li .reflinks .sep{color:#000000;} .hMPMVR .table-wrapper{width:auto;overflow-x:auto;} .hMPMVR .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar{-webkit-appearance:none;width:5px;height:5px;} .hMPMVR .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:5px;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.5);} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .table-wrapper{overflow-x:auto;width:auto;-webkit-break-word:word-break;break-word:word-break;margin:0 auto;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hMPMVR .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:1324px){.hMPMVR .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:320px){.hMPMVR{margin-bottom:33px;padding:0;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hMPMVR{padding:0;margin-bottom:100px;}} @media (min-width:1325px){.hMPMVR{margin-bottom:100px;}} .hMPMVR .owl-stage{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-middle--thumbs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot svg{fill:#4D8A17;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot strong{color:#4D8A17;font-weight:500;} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active strong{color:#007B8B;} .hMPMVR 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<p class="sc-kZmsYB bkiEfx article_type">研究文章|<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->开放获取</gydF4y2Bap>
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<p>卡拉詹妮娜Zilli,迭戈马里奥•圣克鲁斯Gustavo Gabriel Yannarelli Guillermo Osvaldo诺列加,玛丽亚Lujan Tomaro,卡琳娜Beatriz Balestrasse<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->
<!-- -->”<gydF4y2Baspan class="adjust-article-svg-size">血红素加氧酶有助于缓解盐度损伤<gydF4y2Bai>大豆</gydF4y2Bai>l .叶子</gydF4y2Baspan>”,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --><i>国际细胞生物学杂志》上</gydF4y2Bai>,<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->
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<h1 class="sc-iRbamj jZOxOO sc-iSDuPN hHHqqR article_title adjust-article-svg-size heading-title">血红素加氧酶有助于缓解盐度损伤<gydF4y2Bai>大豆</gydF4y2Bai>l .叶子</gydF4y2Bah1>
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<span class="">卡拉詹妮娜Zilli<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup></span>
<span class="">迭戈马里奥圣克鲁斯<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup></span>
<span class="">Gustavo Gabriel Yannarelli<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup></span>
<span class="">吉尔勒莫Osvaldo诺列加<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup></span>
<span class=""><b>玛丽亚Lujan Tomaro</bgydF4y2Ba><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail Option"><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-hjRWVT irNWJI icon-colored _2zt-1j0LmaF8UjTQAM413G icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a>,<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup>
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<p><sup>1</gydF4y2Basup><span>Departamento de Quimica Biologica Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica,布宜诺斯艾利斯大学,胡宁956(1113),布宜诺斯艾利斯,阿根廷</gydF4y2Baspan></p>
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<b>学术编辑器:</bgydF4y2Ba>Afshin Samali</gydF4y2Badiv>
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<h4 class="header" id="abstract">文摘</gydF4y2Bah4>
<p>植物常常受到各种各样的压力,如盐度,像其他生物一样,他们已经进化策略预防和修复细胞损伤由盐胁迫造成的。<gydF4y2Bai>大豆</gydF4y2Bai>l .植物受到不同氯化钠浓度为10天(0 - 200毫米)。治疗与100和200毫米氯化钠诱导离子渗漏和脂质过氧化反应增强,损失在叶绿素含量和积累<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<path d="M729 650v-28q-62 -5 -76 -19.5t-14 -75.5v-404q0 -62 13.5 -76t75.5 -19v-28h-268v28q65 5 79.5 19t14.5 76v199h-341v-199q0 -62 14 -76t76 -19v-28h-263v28q61 5 74.5 19t13.5 76v404q0 62 -14 76t-76 19v28h259v-28q-58 -5 -71 -19t-13 -76v-162h341v162
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</svg>。然而,50 mM生理盐水没有修改这些参数,仍类似于控制的价值观。过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和血红素加氧酶(HO-1)活动和100毫米氯化钠下基因表达增加,而没有观察到的差异控制在50 mM盐。治疗200毫米氯化钠引起酶活性和基因表达减少。结果这里报道让我们得出这样的结论:何也起着主导作用对盐度的防御机制。</gydF4y2Bap>
<span class="end-abs"></span>
<h4 id="introduction">1。介绍</gydF4y2Bah4>
<p>大豆是世界上越来越多的培养由于其在食品和饲料行业广泛使用。然而,它的收益率可能受不同环境负面影响的侮辱。非生物压力,如干旱,盐碱,极端温度严重威胁农业和环境的自然状态。由于全球加热,增加耕地盐渍化预计将有毁灭性的影响。最近,据报道,盐度激起的橄榄叶活性氧(ROS)之间的不平衡生产和抗氧化防御系统,诱导的氧化应激(<一个href="#B1">1</一个>]。抵消ROS的毒性,防御系统清除细胞活性氧在植物应对发达国家通过非酶的氧化应激和酶系统(<一个href="#B2">2</一个>]。增强抗氧化防御植物可以增加宽容不同的压力因素。抗氧化剂(ROS拾荒者)包括诸如猫和SOD酶、以及nonenzyme分子如抗坏血酸盐、谷胱甘肽、类胡萝卜素、花青素。</gydF4y2Bap>
<p>之间的各种基因编码蛋白具有抗氧化特性,已经被越来越多的兴趣在过去年血红素加氧酶系统(HO EC 1.14.99.3),酶家族控制的初始和病原反应一步血红素分解代谢。血红素加氧酶催化作用的血红素氧化胆绿素第九<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.9499998" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:9.7749996px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.7749996 7.9499998" width="9.7749996" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg>(BV)有限公司和铁<gydF4y2Basup>2 +</gydF4y2Basup>。后来,BV降低胆红素通过BV还原酶的作用。BV和胆红素有很强的抗氧化特性的体外和体内(<一个href="#B3">3</一个>和对抗氧化损伤起着重要的作用<一个href="#B4">4</一个>]。当血红素降解所有累积的一个常见特性,这实际上热休克蛋白在细胞中有各种各样的角色,部分是由于反应产品的多样性。在哺乳动物中,它已经证明了一个三个亚型,HO-1,由一系列助氧化剂诱导化合物(<一个href="#B5">5</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B8">8</一个>]。铁的释放和随后的诱导iron-sequestering铁蛋白等蛋白质累积量也被建议作为一个重要的功能在抵消氧化应激(<一个href="#B9">9</一个>,<一个href="#B10">10</一个>]。在植物、BV phytocochromobilin减少,光敏色素发色团的光感受器的家庭。最近的报道显示了在大豆叶子和结节的HO HO-1密切相关的哺乳动物细胞,其抗氧化行为的基础上在Cd和uv - b处理(<一个href="#B11">11</一个>,<一个href="#B12">12</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap>
<p>盐胁迫是一种最重要的非生物应力影响自然生产力和造成重大全球农作物损失。盐度一直被认为是一个严重的限制农业生产率(<一个href="#B13">13</一个>]。几乎每一个方面的植物生理学和生物化学的影响。盐胁迫是一个复杂的现象,涉及形态和发展变化。两个主要组件已确定在这个现象,渗透胁迫和离子毒性<一个href="#B14">14</一个>]。高等植物有多种保护机制对盐胁迫包括离子稳态,osmolyte生物合成,ROS清除,水上运输和长途的传感器响应协调。人们普遍认为许多压力,包括盐度、诱导活性氧的生产过剩,如H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>,<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,13.5)">
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</svg>羟基自由基,这些物种被认为是负责与植物相关的氧化损伤压力。抵消ROS的毒性,防御系统清除细胞活性氧在植物应对发达国家通过非酶的氧化应激和酶系统(<一个href="#B15">15</一个>,<一个href="#B16">16</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap>
<p>目标是获得一个更好的理解的体内盐度对氧化应激防御系统的影响,我们分析了氧化压力参数,著名的抗氧化剂酶CAT和SOD的行为,以及HO-1不同氯化钠浓度的反应。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h4 id="materials-and-methods">2。材料和方法</gydF4y2Bah4>
<h5 id="sec2.1">2.1。植物材料和治疗</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>表面消毒<gydF4y2Bai>大豆。</gydF4y2Bai>l . (A6445RG)种子发芽直接用塑料罐含有蛭石在受控环境室、光周期的16小时,光子通量密度为175<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.175" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:9.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.175" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg>摩尔米<gydF4y2Basup>2</gydF4y2Basup>年代<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup>,日夜政权25/20°C,同时接种<gydF4y2Bai>Bradyrhizobium日本血吸虫</gydF4y2Bai>109株E (INTA Castelar)。在这之后,他们与营养液(每天浇水<一个href="#B17">17</一个>)在第一次5天然后摘要营养液。四个星期后,植物营养液处理缺乏盐(控制)或含有50,100和200毫米的氯化钠。10天的治疗后,树叶被孤立起来,用于决定。ZnPPIX的影响调查的时候,植物处理22<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.175" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:9.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.175" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg>M ZnPPIX加入氯化钠的解决方案在实验结束前2天。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h5 id="sec2.2">2.2。离子泄漏试验</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>叶子都收获了,切成30 mm的块。他们在去离子水清洗去除表面添加电解质和放置在培养皿中有15毫升的去离子水为3小时25°C。电导率在洗澡方案确定(C1)。然后,样本加热在80°C的电导率又读了2小时,洗澡的解决方案(C2)。相对离子泄漏后被表示为一个百分比的总电导率加热在80°C(相对离子渗漏% = C1 / C<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.125" id="M7" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:50.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 50.299999 11.125" width="50.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,33.907,10.862)">
<path d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105
q0 -76 10 -138.5t37 -107.5t69 -45q32 0 55.5 25t35.5 68.5t17.5 91.5t5.5 105t-5.5 105.5t-18 92t-36 68t-56.5 24.5z" id="x30"></path>
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.066,10.862)">
<use xlink:href="#x30"></use>
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</svg>)[<一个href="#B18">18</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h5 id="sec2.3">2.3。硫代巴比土酸活性物质(TBARS)的决心</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>脂质过氧化作用是测量的数量TBARS硫代巴比土酸(稍后通知)反应而被希斯和封隔器<一个href="#B19">19</一个>]。新鲜的叶子(0.3 g)控制和治疗均质3毫升的20% (w / v)三氯乙酸(TCA)。匀浆离心机在3500年<gydF4y2Basvg height="8.5" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:10.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.1 8.5" width="10.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,8.438)">
<use xlink:href="#xD7"></use>
</g>
</svg>g 20分钟。1毫升整除的上层清液,1毫升20%柠檬酸含0.5% (w / v)稍后通知和100年<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.175" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:9.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.175" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.675)">
<use xlink:href="#x1D707"></use>
</g>
</svg>L 4%丁羟甲苯(二叔丁基对甲酚)乙醇添加。混合物在95°C加热30分钟,然后迅速冷却在冰上。内容在000离心机<gydF4y2Basvg height="8.5" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:10.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.1 8.5" width="10.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,8.438)">
<use xlink:href="#xD7"></use>
</g>
</svg>g为15分钟,吸光度测量在532海里。为非特异性吸收值减去600海里。的浓度TBARS使用155毫米的消光系数计算<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup>厘米<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup>。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h5 id="sec2.4">2.4。叶绿素含量测定</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>叶子(0.5 g(鲜重)与96%乙醇(均质<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.125" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:39.724998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 39.724998 11.125" width="39.724998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,12.931,10.862)">
<path d="M223 355q0 -25 -15.5 -41.5t-39.5 -16.5t-40 16.5t-16 41.5t16 41t40 16t39.5 -16t15.5 -41zM223 46q0 -26 -16 -42t-40 -16t-39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t39 16.5q24 0 40 -16.5t16 -40.5z" id="x2236"></path>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,23.334,10.862)">
<path d="M285 378v-2q65 -13 102 -54.5t37 -97.5q0 -57 -30.5 -104.5t-74 -75t-85.5 -42t-72 -14.5q-31 0 -59.5 11t-40.5 23q-19 18 -16 36q1 16 23 33q13 10 24 0q58 -51 124 -51q55 0 88 40t33 112q0 64 -39 96.5t-88 32.5q-29 0 -64 -11l-6 29q77 25 118 57.5t41 84.5
q0 45 -26.5 69.5t-68.5 24.5q-67 0 -120 -79l-20 20l43 63q51 56 127 56h1q66 0 107 -37t41 -95q0 -42 -31 -71q-22 -23 -68 -54z" id="x33"></path>
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,31.493,10.862)">
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</svg>w / v)。提取被加热沸腾浴直到完成漂白。离心后,上清液的吸光度测量在665,649和654 nm Wintermans和所述德著[<一个href="#B20">20.</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h5 id="sec2.5">2.5。H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>本地化体内</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>叶子从控制和治疗植物被切除,沉浸在1%解决方案3,<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.9125" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:12.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4375 17.9125" width="12.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,17.65)">
<use xlink:href="#x33"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.225,9.488)">
<path d="M227 744l-123 -338l-31 15l73 368q12 3 41.5 -8t36.5 -20z" id="x2032"></path>
</g>
</svg>二氨基联苯胺(涂)Tris-HCl缓冲区(pH值6.5),vacuum-infiltrated 5分钟,然后在室温下孵化16小时没有光。叶子被照亮,直到出现色斑与H民建联的反应的特征<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>。叶子被沉浸在漂白沸腾乙醇色斑形象化。H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>存款是由扫描点从叶图片和使用公共领域像素的数字量化NIH图像程序(美国国家卫生研究院的研发)。结果表示为斑点面积的比例与总叶面积((现货面积/总叶面积)<gydF4y2Basvg height="8.5" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:10.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.1 8.5" width="10.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,8.438)">
<use xlink:href="#xD7"></use>
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</svg>100),以补偿叶大小的差异(<一个href="#B21">21</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h5 id="sec2.6">2.6。<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,13.5)">
<use xlink:href="#x4F"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,12.763,17.588)">
<use xlink:href="#x32"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,19.1,5.35)">
<use xlink:href="#x2022"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,25.323,5.35)">
<use xlink:href="#x2212"></use>
</g>
</svg>本地化体内</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>叶子从控制和治疗植物被切除,沉浸在0.1%解决氮蓝四唑(电视台)K-phosphate缓冲区(pH值6.4),包含10毫米Na-azide vacuum-infiltrated 5分钟,照明,直到出现黑斑,蓝色甲瓒沉淀的特点。叶子被沉浸在漂白沸腾乙醇黑点形象化。超氧化物存款被扫描量化点从叶图片如前所述<一个href="#B21">21</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h5 id="sec2.7">2.7。抗氧化剂酶制剂和化验</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>提取测定过氧化氢酶(EC 1.11.1.6猫)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD, EC 1.15.1.1)活动准备从0.3 g的叶子在冰冷的条件下均质3毫升的缓冲区,提取含有50 mM磷酸盐缓冲剂(pH值7.4),1毫米EDTA, 1 g PVP, 0.5% (v / v)特里同x - 100在4°C。匀浆离心机在10 000<gydF4y2Basvg height="8.5" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:10.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.1 8.5" width="10.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,8.438)">
<use xlink:href="#xD7"></use>
</g>
</svg>g 20分钟和上层的分数是用于化验。猫活动决心在匀浆通过测量吸收的减少在240 nm反应介质包含50 mM磷酸钾缓冲(pH值7.2)和2毫米H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>。符合一级反应常数(<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.9125" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:12.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.8375 17.9125" width="12.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,17.65)">
<path d="M480 416q0 -21 -18 -41q-9 -11 -17 -7q-20 9 -42 9q-62 0 -140 -78q23 -69 88 -192q17 -31 27 -42t20 -11q16 0 62 46l17 -20q-64 -92 -119 -92q-35 0 -70 66q-41 73 -84 187q-36 -30 -62 -61q-27 -115 -35 -172q-41 -8 -78 -20l-6 6l140 612q7 28 0.5 34t-37.5 7l-34 1
l5 26q38 4 74 13.5t57 17t25 7.5q12 0 4 -32l-104 -443h2q35 38 97 93q39 35 65.5 56t62 41.5t58.5 20.5q19 0 30.5 -10t11.5 -22z" id="x1D458"></path>
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.612,9.488)">
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</svg>=<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.4375" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:8.6750002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6750002 12.4375" width="8.6750002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.162)">
<use xlink:href="#x1D458"></use>
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</svg>。(猫))的减少H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>吸收决心和CAT含量pmol毫克<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup>蛋白质是计算使用<gydF4y2Basvg height="15.9" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:88.474998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 88.474998 15.9" width="88.474998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,13.322,15.638)">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,28.025,15.638)">
<path d="M456 178h-96v-72q0 -51 12.5 -62.5t72.5 -16.5v-27h-256v27q65 5 78 17t13 62v72h-260v28q182 271 300 426h40v-407h96v-47zM280 225v295h-2q-107 -148 -196 -295h198z" id="x34"></path>
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,36.185,15.638)">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,40.061,15.638)">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,51.994,15.638)">
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</svg>
<svg height="16.049999" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-0.16379pt;width:48.150002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 48.150002 16.049999" width="48.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,15.775)">
<path d="M861 0h-263v28q61 5 73 22t12 97l-4 408h-4l-244 -548h-20l-224 534h-2l-15 -285q-5 -98 -3 -166q1 -34 19.5 -45t72.5 -17v-28h-233v28q45 5 62.5 17t22.5 43q11 65 19 183l14 208q3 36 3.5 55t-2.5 37.5t-6.5 25t-16.5 13t-25.5 8t-39.5 4.5v28h164l228 -501l232 501
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,15.213,7.613)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,22.197,7.613)">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,28.525,15.775)">
<path d="M319 325l-25 -7q-33 99 -103 99q-29 0 -47 -19.5t-18 -49.5t22 -49.5t62 -36.5q63 -26 95 -57t32 -79q0 -64 -50 -101t-115 -37q-35 0 -67.5 10.5t-46.5 23.5q-5 11 -11 51t-6 67l27 5q14 -53 46.5 -88.5t75.5 -35.5q29 0 50 19.5t21 50.5t-19.5 51.5t-59.5 39.5
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,34.762,7.613)">
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</svg>)[<一个href="#B22">22</一个>]。总SOD活性被抑制化验电视台的光化学还原,被描述为Becana et al。<一个href="#B23">23</一个>]。反应混合物由50 - 150<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.175" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:9.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.175" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.675)">
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</svg>酶提取L和3.5毫升<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,13.5)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,12.763,17.588)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,19.1,5.35)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,25.323,5.35)">
<use xlink:href="#x2212"></use>
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</svg>生成解决方案,包含14.3毫米蛋氨酸,82.5<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.175" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:9.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.175" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.675)">
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</svg>2.2 M电视台,<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.175" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:9.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.175" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.675)">
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</svg>M核黄素。提取被带到最后一卷0.3毫升的50 mM K-phosphate (pH值7.8)和0.1毫米Na<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>EDTA。试管被动摇,放置30厘米从光银行组成的六15 w荧光灯。反应是允许运行10分钟,停止开关关灯。减少电视台随后阅读吸光度在560海里。空格和控制运行相同的方式但没有照明和酶,分别。一个单位的草皮被定义为大量的酶产生抑制50%电视台在试验条件下减少。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h5 id="sec2.8">2.8。血红素加氧酶制备和测定</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>叶子(0.3 g)在Potter-Elvehejm均质机均质使用1.2毫升的冰冷的0.25米蔗糖溶液包含1毫米phenylmethyl磺酰氟,EDTA 0.2毫米和50毫米磷酸钾缓冲(pH值7.4)。匀浆在000离心机<gydF4y2Basvg height="8.5" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:10.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.1 8.5" width="10.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,8.438)">
<use xlink:href="#xD7"></use>
</g>
</svg>g 20分钟和叶绿体被用于活动的决心。血红素加氧酶活性化验与少量修改(如前所述<一个href="#B24">24</一个>]。化验(1毫升最终体积)含有250<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.175" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:9.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.175" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.675)">
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</svg>蛋白质提取L(0.5毫克),10<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.175" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:9.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.175" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.675)">
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</g>
</svg>M氯高铁血红素0.15毫克<gydF4y2Basvg height="15.8375" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:36.512501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36.512501 15.8375" width="36.512501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,15.775)">
<path d="M797 0h-214v26q46 5 58 17.5t12 63.5v167q0 116 -88 116q-48 0 -112 -52q3 -18 3 -42v-195q0 -46 11 -58t53 -17v-26h-214v26q48 5 59.5 17t11.5 60v172q0 115 -88 115q-47 0 -109 -52v-235q0 -47 10 -59.5t48 -17.5v-26h-211v26q50 5 62.5 17t12.5 60v207q0 48 -9 59.5
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</svg>牛血清白蛋白,50<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.175" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:9.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.175" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,30.11,7.613)">
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</svg>(4.2<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.175" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:9.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.175" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.675)">
<use xlink:href="#x1D707"></use>
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</svg>(米)菠菜菠菜oleracea)铁氧还蛋白(西格玛化工有限公司),0.025单位<gydF4y2Basvg height="15.8375" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:36.512501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36.512501 15.8375" width="36.512501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,30.11,7.613)">
<use xlink:href="#x31"></use>
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</svg>菠菜ferredoxin-NADP<gydF4y2Basup>+</gydF4y2Basup>还原酶(西格玛化工有限公司)。反应是由添加NADPH的最终浓度100<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.175" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:9.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.175" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.675)">
<use xlink:href="#x1D707"></use>
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</svg>在37°C M,样本孵化30分钟和BV形成计算使用吸光度变化650海里。BV的浓度估计使用650 nm的摩尔吸光系数6.25毫米<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup>厘米<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup>在0.1 M HEPES-NaOH缓冲区(pH值7.2)。一个单位的酶形式1 nmol胆绿素的测定条件下30分钟。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h5 id="sec2.9">2.9。Western-Blots分析何</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>匀浆获得HO活性测定也分析了西方免疫印迹技术。四十<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.1875" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:17.512501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.512501 12.1875" width="17.512501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.7)">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,9.497,7.7)">
<path d="M463 437l5 -8q-21 -38 -45 -51l-57 3q30 -35 30 -88q0 -76 -52.5 -118t-122.5 -42q-24 0 -51 5q-30 -21 -30 -42q0 -16 16 -27t47 -11q19 0 54 0.5t52 0.5q36 0 65.5 -8t53.5 -36t24 -74q0 -77 -75 -137.5t-174 -60.5q-79 0 -126 37.5t-48 84.5q0 32 24 56q21 21 83 70
q-49 15 -74 55q-13 20 -11 42q56 21 88 61q-37 16 -62.5 51t-25.5 83q0 78 56.5 122t122.5 44h1q51 0 96 -27q71 4 136 15zM219 418q-34 0 -58 -32t-24 -87q0 -59 26.5 -96.5t67.5 -37.5q35 1 59 32t24 87q0 59 -26 96.5t-69 37.5zM241 -11q-62 0 -87 -21q-46 -39 -46 -78
q0 -41 38 -68.5t94 -27.5q69 0 106.5 31t37.5 80q0 52 -45 71q-33 13 -98 13z" id="x67"></path>
</g>
</svg>蛋白质从叶匀浆受到十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS) -poliacrylamide使用12%的丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳解决凝胶(迷你千变万化II系统、BioRad赫兹,英国),根据Laemmli [<一个href="#B25">25</一个>]。分离蛋白质被转移到硝化纤维膜和非特异性结合的抗体被PBS脱脂奶粉3%,pH值为7.4 1小时在室温下。在4°C膜在一夜之间被孵化主要抗体提出反对<gydF4y2Bai>拟南芥</gydF4y2Bai>HO-1, (<一个href="#B26">26</一个>)稀释<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.125" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:56.037498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.037498 11.125" width="56.037498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,12.931,10.862)">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,23.334,10.862)">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,31.493,10.862)">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,39.653,10.862)">
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</g>
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,47.812,10.862)">
<use xlink:href="#x30"></use>
</g>
</svg>在Tris-NaCl缓冲+ 1%脱脂牛奶。免疫复合物被发现使用peroxidase-conjugated山羊antirabbit inmunoglobulin G和可视化增强化学发光免疫印迹过程(ECL, Amersham法玛西亚生物技术,乌普萨拉,瑞典)。电影进行扫描(美国威斯康星州Fotodyne合并)和分析使用Gel-Pro Analyzer 3.1软件(媒体控制论,医学博士,美国)。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h5 id="sec2.10">2.10。隔离的RNA和rt - pcr分析</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>从大豆叶片总RNA提取试剂盒的使用试剂(Gibco BRL)。4微克的总RNA治疗RNase-free DNase我(美国加州Promega),然后1.0<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.175" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt;width:9.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.175" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.675)">
<use xlink:href="#x1D707"></use>
</g>
</svg>g是反向转录成cDNA使用随机五个一M-MLV上标二世RT(美国加州表达载体)。PCR反应进行使用<gydF4y2Bai>大豆</gydF4y2Bai>HO-1和18年代特定的引物,如前所述[<一个href="#B12">12</一个>]。此外,猫基因表达被使用一对引物的特定的评估<gydF4y2Bai>大豆</gydF4y2Bai>猫cDNA(底漆,<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.9125" id="M36" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:12.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4375 17.9125" width="12.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,17.65)">
<path d="M153 550l-26 -186q79 31 111 31q90 0 141.5 -51t51.5 -119q0 -93 -89 -166q-85 -69 -173 -71q-32 0 -61.5 11.5t-41.5 23.5q-18 17 -17 34q2 16 22 33q14 9 26 -1q61 -50 124 -50q60 0 93 43.5t33 104.5q0 69 -41.5 110t-121.5 41q-53 0 -102 -20l38 305h286l6 -8
l-26 -65h-233z" id="x35"></path>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.225,9.488)">
<use xlink:href="#x2032"></use>
</g>
</svg>-CTGCTGGAAACTATCCTGAGTG -<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.9125" id="M37" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:12.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4375 17.9125" width="12.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,17.65)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.225,9.488)">
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</g>
</svg>;反义底漆,<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.9125" id="M38" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:12.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4375 17.9125" width="12.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,17.65)">
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</g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.225,9.488)">
<use xlink:href="#x2032"></use>
</g>
</svg>-ATTGACCTCTTCATCCCTGTG -<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.9125" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:12.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4375 17.9125" width="12.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,17.65)">
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</g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.225,9.488)">
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</svg>)。PCR概要文件被设定为94°C 1分钟然后在94°C 29日周期为0.5分钟,54°C 1分钟,1分钟和72°C,最终在72°C扩展了7分钟。引物<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.9125" id="M40" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:12.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4375 17.9125" width="12.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,17.65)">
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</g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.225,9.488)">
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</g>
</svg>-TTCCGAATTCAAAGGTCCAG -<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.9125" id="M41" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:12.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4375 17.9125" width="12.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,17.65)">
<use xlink:href="#x33"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.225,9.488)">
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</g>
</svg>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.9125" id="M42" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:12.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4375 17.9125" width="12.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,17.65)">
<use xlink:href="#x35"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.225,9.488)">
<use xlink:href="#x2032"></use>
</g>
</svg>-TAAGATCAGCCACCCTCAGC -<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.9125" id="M43" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:12.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4375 17.9125" width="12.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,17.65)">
<use xlink:href="#x33"></use>
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.225,9.488)">
<use xlink:href="#x2032"></use>
</g>
</svg>旨在扩大吗<gydF4y2Bai>大豆</gydF4y2Bai>SOD的互补。循环条件如下:94°C 1分钟,然后在94°C变性33周期为0.5分钟,55°C退火1分钟,1分钟和72°C扩展,然后72°C的最后一步7分钟。每个引物组放大使用一个优化PCR的循环次数,确保线性半定量rt - PCR分析要求。放大文本可视化在1.5%琼脂糖凝胶使用溴化乙锭。凝胶被扫描(美国威斯康星州Fotodyne合并)和分析使用Gel-Pro Analyzer 3.1软件(媒体控制论,医学博士,美国)。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h5 id="sec2.11">2.11。蛋白质的测定</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>蛋白质含量是评价方法的布拉德福德(<一个href="#B27">27</一个>)使用牛血清白蛋白作为标准。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h5 id="sec2.12">2.12。统计分析</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>所有治疗都重复4次,用新种植的植物。文字和表中的数据表明平均值<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.5625" id="M44" style="vertical-align:-0.3003pt;width:10.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.1 9.5625" width="10.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,9.125)">
<path d="M535 290h-212v-206h-58v206h-213v50h213v193h58v-193h212v-50zM535 -22h-483v50h483v-50z" id="xB1"></path>
</g>
</svg>SD。差异治疗被单向方差分析,分析<gydF4y2Bai>P</gydF4y2Bai>< . 05显著据土耳其的多个范围测试。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h4 id="results">3所示。结果</gydF4y2Bah4>
<h5 id="sec3.1">3.1。盐的毒性评价</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>氧化应激是氧化剂物种的过度生产的结果和/或消耗细胞内的抗氧化防御系统,导致细胞的氧化还原状态的失衡。活性氧被视为细胞过氧化损伤的发起者。因此,TBARS形成植物暴露于不良环境条件组织自由基的形成是一个可靠的指标。如表所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>22、增加37%发生在植物处理100和200毫米氯化钠,分别地。,whereas no difference respect to controls were observed in 50 NaCl-treated plants.</p>
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<td align="left">治疗</gydF4y2Batd>
<td align="center">TBARS (nmol g<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup>弗兰克-威廉姆斯)</gydF4y2Batd>
<td align="center">相对离子渗漏(%)</gydF4y2Batd>
<td align="center">叶绿素(a + b) (mg g<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup>弗兰克-威廉姆斯)</gydF4y2Batd>
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<td align="left">控制</gydF4y2Batd>
<td align="center"><span style="width: 93.0625px;">
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<td align="center"><span style="width: 61.799999px;">
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</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">50 mM氯化钠</gydF4y2Batd>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">100毫米氯化钠</gydF4y2Batd>
<td align="center"><span style="width: 93.675003px;">
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</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">200毫米氯化钠</gydF4y2Batd>
<td align="center"><span style="width: 93.0625px;">
<svg height="15.3375" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-1.09097pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 93.0625 15.3375" width="93.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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<td align="center"><span style="width: 85.25px;">
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</tr>
<tr class="table-tr">
<td colspan="4">
<hr class="tbody-hr"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></td>
</tr>
<tr class="table-fn">
<td>数据的平均值±SD四个独立的实验。列内不同字母表示显著差异(<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.25" id="M57" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 48.337502 11.25" width="48.337502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="floats-partial-footer">
<div class="floats-partial-caption">
<span class="caption-text">表1</gydF4y2Baspan>
<a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/tab1/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
</div>
<div class="floats-partial-caption-text">
不同盐浓度对TBARS水平的影响、离子渗漏和叶绿素含量。</gydF4y2Badiv>
</div>
</div>
<p>失去膜完整性在压力测量电解质的渗漏研究大豆叶子(表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>)。盐度压力诱导最大相对损伤(192%),当大豆植物受到与100毫米200毫米氯化钠和53%氯化钠,而植物处理50 mM氯化钠对控制并没有发现差异。</gydF4y2Bap>
<p>减少叶绿素含量可以作为指标来衡量盐度的影响强调叶绿体的完整性。表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>表明该参数下100和200毫米减少生理盐水治疗(24和58%,分别地。),当植物受到50 mM不不同于控制。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h5 id="sec3.2">3.2。H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M58" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:33.512501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.512501 17.65" width="33.512501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,13.5)">
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<p>为了评估盐胁迫造成的氧化损伤,积累的H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M59" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,13.5)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,12.763,17.588)">
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</svg>通过组织化学方法进行体内(图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>(a))。如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>(b)、(c)、治疗与H。100毫米生理盐水生产的15%和18%<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M60" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,13.5)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,19.1,5.35)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,25.323,5.35)">
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</svg>分别点面积与总叶面积,200毫米盐治疗明显增加活性物种氧(H为45%<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>40%,<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M61" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,13.5)">
<use xlink:href="#x4F"></use>
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,12.763,17.588)">
<use xlink:href="#x32"></use>
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,19.1,5.35)">
<use xlink:href="#x2022"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,25.323,5.35)">
<use xlink:href="#x2212"></use>
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</svg>)。较低的氯化钠浓度(50毫米)没有产生H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>也不<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,13.5)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,12.763,17.588)">
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</svg>在大豆叶片(图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>)。</gydF4y2Bap>
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<sub>2</gydF4y2Basub>
<sub>2</gydF4y2Basub>
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<sub>2</gydF4y2Basub>
<sub>2</gydF4y2Basub>
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。</gydF4y2Batspan>
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<table>
组织化学检测HgydF4y2BaOgydF4y2Ba和gydF4y2Ba在大豆叶子处理不同氯化钠浓度。第二条完全展开叶上子叶被用于实验部分中描述的化验。(一)叶子从控制和NaCl-treated植物染色HO(gggydF4y2BaydF4y2BaydF4y2Ba涂)(gydF4y2Ba电视台)的内容。这个数字是代表四个不同的实验。过氧化氢(b)和超氧化物阴离子存款(c)被量化测量的像素点的数量使用NIH图像程序(美国国立卫生研究院)。结果表示为现货面积与总叶面积的百分比。gydF4y2Ba控制相比,根据图基的多个测试范围。</gydF4y2Batable>
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<h5 id="sec3.3">3.3。经典抗氧化酶对盐度的变化</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>为了进一步了解所有逆境条件对氧化应激的影响参数,猫和SOD活动和基因表达测定。如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/fig2/" target="_blank">2(一个)</一个>,100 mM氯化钠36%增强猫活动引起的控制。另一方面,在50 mM氯化钠,猫活动没有增加对控制,但显著抑制(32%)在200毫米氯化钠的存在。rt - pcr分析显示,这些活动与基因表达(图呈正相关<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>)。SOD活性(图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/fig2/" target="_blank">2 (b)</一个>)和基因表达(图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>)增加100毫米生理盐水(30%),而且没有观察到的差异控制在50 mM盐。200毫米氯化钠治疗导致酶活性降低(35%)以及基因表达(20%)。</gydF4y2Bap>
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<strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong>
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<strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong>
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<strong>(c)</gydF4y2Bastrong>
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<span class="caption-text">图2</gydF4y2Baspan>
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<table>
不同盐浓度对古典抗氧化剂和血红素加氧酶酶活性:(一)过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶(b)和(c)血红素加氧酶。酶活动测量实验部分中所述。值的四个不同的实验(),gydF4y2Ba和酒吧表明SD, *显著差异()gydF4y2Ba控制相比,根据图基的多个测试范围。</gydF4y2Batable>
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<h5 id="sec3.4">3.4。血红素加氧酶对盐度的回应</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/fig2/" target="_blank">2 (c)</一个>,在50 mM生理盐水没有增加HO活动控制。100毫米氯化钠浓度能够诱导HO-1活动(7折),而200毫米盐产生的酶活性降低。当蛋白质数量(图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/fig3/" target="_blank">3</一个>)和基因表达(图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>化验,发现酶活性的正相关。</gydF4y2Bap>
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<strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong>
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<span class="caption-text">图3</gydF4y2Baspan>
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<a href="#sec2">2</一个>
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HO-1蛋白表达在大豆叶子暴露于不同氯化钠浓度(100,或200毫米)在10天。(一)HO-1蛋白表达被节中描述免疫印迹分析gydF4y2Ba。(b)测密度术是由Gel-Pro分析仪量化HO-1蛋白表达值的均值和酒吧四个独立实验表明SD, *显著差异()gydF4y2Ba控制相比,根据图基的多个测试范围。</gydF4y2Batable>
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<strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong>
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<a href="#sec2">2</一个>
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<table>
HO-1、猫和大豆叶片中SOD基因表达受到不同氯化钠浓度(100,或200毫米)在10天。(a) HO-1、猫和SOD mRNA表达被节中描述半定量rt - pcr分析gydF4y2Ba。18岁扩增带显示确认相同加载的RNA和RT效率。(b)相对HO-1、猫和SOD记录表达式。值的均值和酒吧四个独立实验表明SD,,gggydF4y2BaydF4y2BaydF4y2Ba对控制图基的多个范围测试。</gydF4y2Batable>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h5 id="sec3.5">3.5。第九Zn-Protoporphyrin对氧化应激的影响参数和HO活性</gydF4y2Bah5>
<p>确定的参与HO-1防御系统对氧化损伤引起的盐度、ZnPPIX的影响,一个著名的HO-1强有力的抑制剂,在TBARS,离子渗漏、叶绿素含量和HO活动是化验。正如所料,ZnPPIX导致酶活性降低(表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/tab2/" target="_blank">2</一个>)。同时治疗100毫米氯化钠和ZnPPIX显著增强TBARS水平(49%)和离子渗漏(130%)相比,获得的值只有100毫米氯化钠添加。然而,减少产生的叶绿素含量由ZnPPIX这盐水浓度并没有改变,因此,仍类似于发现单独使用100毫米盐。治疗ZnPPIX本身没有修改离子渗漏,TBARS水平,和叶绿素含量,而控制。</gydF4y2Bap>
<div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab2">
<div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab2">
<table class="table-group" id="tab2">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<table class="table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="thead-hr" colspan="5">
<hr></td>
</tr>
<tr class="thead">
<td align="left">治疗</gydF4y2Batd>
<td align="center">HO-1 (U毫克<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup>蛋白质)</gydF4y2Batd>
<td align="center">TBARS (nmol g<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup>弗兰克-威廉姆斯)</gydF4y2Batd>
<td align="center">相对离子渗漏(%)</gydF4y2Batd>
<td align="center">叶绿素(a + b) (mg g<gydF4y2Basup>1</gydF4y2Basup>弗兰克-威廉姆斯)</gydF4y2Batd>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="thead-hr" colspan="5">
<hr></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">控制</gydF4y2Batd>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">100毫米氯化钠</gydF4y2Batd>
<td align="center"><span style="width: 104.0875px;">
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</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">ZnPPIX</gydF4y2Batd>
<td align="center"><span style="width: 100.875px;">
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<tr>
<td align="left">ZnPPIX氯化钠+ 100毫米</gydF4y2Batd>
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<td colspan="5">
<hr class="tbody-hr"></td>
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</table></td>
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<tr class="table-fn">
<td>数据是四个独立实验的平均值<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.3249998" id="M87" style="vertical-align:-1.09097pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.825 9.3249998" width="10.825" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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±</gydF4y2Batspan>
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</g>
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</svg>SD。列内不同字母表示显著差异(<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.25" id="M88" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 48.337502 11.25" width="48.337502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</svg>)根据图基的多个测试范围。<bgydF4y2Bar></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="floats-partial-footer">
<div class="floats-partial-caption">
<span class="caption-text">表2</gydF4y2Baspan>
<a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/ijcb/2009/848516/tab2/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
</div>
<div class="floats-partial-caption-text">
影响ZnPPIX HO-1活动,TBARS水平,离子渗漏,叶绿素含量在大豆叶子受到盐胁迫。</gydF4y2Badiv>
</div>
</div>
<h4 id="discussion">4所示。讨论</gydF4y2Bah4>
<p>本研究进行评估在大豆叶子,体内反应HO-1盐度。盐胁迫破坏植物离子体内平衡,导致过量的有毒<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.3125" id="M89" style="vertical-align:-0.16379pt;width:27.387501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.387501 14.3125" width="27.387501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<path d="M433 39l-85 -51q-27 0 -47 20q-16 16 -24 44q-5 -3 -24 -16.5t-27 -18.5t-23 -13.5t-25 -12t-19 -3.5q-52 0 -86 36.5t-34 85.5q0 71 81 99q128 43 155 65v17q0 54 -23 83.5t-62 29.5q-28 0 -45 -19t-29 -66q-7 -23 -29 -23q-15 0 -29 13t-14 30t31 40q25 19 68.5 40.5
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<path d="M535 230h-212v-233h-58v233h-213v50h213v210h58v-210h212v-50z" id="x2B"></path>
</g>
</svg>在细胞质中,缺乏必要的离子等<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.1125" id="M90" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:19.174999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.174999 14.1125" width="19.174999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,11.5,5.887)">
<use xlink:href="#x2B"></use>
</g>
</svg>(<一个href="#B28">28</一个>]。干旱、盐碱、极端温度往往是相互关联的,并可能诱发类似的细胞损伤通过活性氧形成(<一个href="#B29">29日</一个>,<一个href="#B30">30.</一个>]。例如,干旱和/或盐渍化表现主要是渗透压力,导致体内平衡的破坏和离子在细胞内分布(<一个href="#B31">31日</一个>,<一个href="#B32">32</一个>]。氧化应激,这常常伴随着高温度、盐度、或干旱胁迫,可能引起变性的蛋白质功能和结构(<一个href="#B33">33</一个>]。因此,这些不同的环境压力通常激活相似的细胞信号通路(<一个href="#B33">33</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B36">36</一个>)和细胞反应,如抗氧化剂的生产压力的蛋白质和upregulation [<一个href="#B37">37</一个>,<一个href="#B38">38</一个>]。为了确定在我们的实验条件下,发生氧化应激TBARS水平,离子渗漏,叶绿素含量测定。Katsuhara et al。<一个href="#B39">39</一个>)表明,膜的脂质过氧化反应的盐胁迫下细胞膜损伤的指标。从我们的实验中,可以得出的结论是,200毫米氯化钠是有效地引发膜损伤和泄漏。另一方面,叶绿素含量减少盐浓度下。这个结果是在协议与卡恩(<一个href="#B40">40</一个>)和Abdelkader et al。<一个href="#B41">41</一个>),假定植物生长的条件下增加盐度或处理盐解决方案有一个减少叶绿素积累。</gydF4y2Bap>
<p>挂载一个适当的氧化应激防御,细胞必须开发氧化压力传感器。许多抗氧化反应研究了细菌,它建立了ROS直接感觉到的关键调控分子激活基因编码的抗氧化蛋白的表达在转录水平<一个href="#B42">42</一个>,<一个href="#B43">43</一个>]。超氧化物歧化酶,催化作用的歧化作用<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M91" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<use xlink:href="#x32"></use>
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</svg>来啊<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>和H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>,是一个主要的细胞防御酶执行一个重要的角色在保护细胞的毒性作用<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M92" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,13.5)">
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</g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,12.763,17.588)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,19.1,5.35)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,25.323,5.35)">
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</svg>。过氧化氢酶转化有害代谢副产品,在正常生理条件下,控制H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>浓度,以便它不会达到有害水平可能导致氧化损伤在过氧化物酶体和周围的细胞质(<一个href="#B44">44</一个>]。提出了研究结果表明,大豆叶片SOD基因被诱导100毫米氯化钠,没有观察到的感应在50 mM,发生在差别和对这些植物生理盐水处理200毫米。它也发现,这些基因表达和酶活性呈正相关。相同的行为观察当猫基因表达和活动进行了分析。根据我们的结果,它可以建议下50 mM氯化钠抗氧化防御系统可以应付ROS损伤,诱导100毫米氯化钠SOD和CAT下为了保护细胞免受这种侮辱,和200毫米氯化钠ROS生产了细胞的抗氧化防御系统。</gydF4y2Bap>
<p>氧化应激反应及其热休克现象被强烈的关系研究在植物组织(<一个href="#B45">45</一个>,<一个href="#B46">46</一个>]。生存环境压力条件下,植物经过压力适应的过程,这可能需要流动的代谢物变化,抑制通路参与活性氧的过量生产,等各种防御基因的诱导热休克蛋白质和活性氧清除酶(<一个href="#B30">30.</一个>,<一个href="#B47">47</一个>,<一个href="#B48">48</一个>]。SOD和CAT基因的差别,对这些基因的抑制酶活性可以归因于ROS-induced改变,如转录修饰、DNA损伤、蛋白质碎片,和增加对蛋白质水解和交联反应(<一个href="#B33">33</一个>]。这些结果与观察到的协议H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M93" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,13.5)">
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</svg>本地化原位。H的参与<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>作为一个领先的ROS Cd-induced氧化应激的一代已经报道在烟草细胞培养(<一个href="#B49">49</一个>)和两个H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M94" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,13.5)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,12.763,17.588)">
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</svg>已被证明行为直接或间接防御反应的信号转导<一个href="#B50">50</一个>]。研究在大鼠肝脏进行建议HO-1感应时稳态水平的ROS增加和防御(如猫,SOD)降低(<一个href="#B51">51</一个>]。我们所知,没有信息仍然是可用的行为HO-1植物组织受到盐度。如果我们比较猫的表达谱,SOD, HO,很明显,这些酶反应相同的信号在同一方向。解放铁、强氧化剂,可能会加剧氧化应激(<一个href="#B52">52</一个>),由于血红素降解。有趣的是,铁蛋白铁体内平衡起着关键作用的隔离铁生物利用率和无毒形式。在植物铁蛋白mrna高度并迅速积累,以应对铁过载。这样的积累会导致后续蛋白质合成铁蛋白和铁储存(<一个href="#B53">53</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap>
<p>在过去的五年里,它已经建立了HO-1感应可以缓解Cd或紫外线辐射造成的氧化损伤在大豆植物(<一个href="#B11">11</一个>,<一个href="#B12">12</一个>]。植物与ZnPPIX cotreated时,活性氧产量的提高。ZnPPIX引发的效果并不是由于氧化剂行动,因为单独使用时,与氧化应激相关的参数,TBARS水平,离子渗漏,叶绿素含量,没有修改。然而,这些结果暗示的氧化剂作用ZnPPIX时一起管理100毫米氯化钠是由于缺乏HO-1活动产生的抑制剂的存在,表明这热休克作用酶在衰减salinity-induced损伤。</gydF4y2Bap>
<p>综上所述,目前的结果使我们得出结论,在盐度HO-1基因表达,蛋白质数量和活动增强为了保护叶组织对这种侮辱。然而,当增加H<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2</gydF4y2Basub>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.65" id="M95" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.987499 17.65" width="32.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,13.5)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,12.763,17.588)">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,25.323,5.35)">
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</svg>形成了细胞的防御能力,HO-1与SOD和CAT基因表达下调,因为它发生。抑制HO-1活动表明,这种酶在与盐度的防御机制中起主要作用,而且可能被认为是在植物组织中酶促抗氧化防御系统的重要组成部分。</gydF4y2Bap>
<p>进一步研究抗氧化酶的比较资料之间的耐盐性和敏感基因型是必要的,以确定如果像许多新发现的基因,何鸿燊可能作为修改植物耐盐碱的候选人。</gydF4y2Bap>
<h4 id="acknowledgments">确认</gydF4y2Bah4>
<p>我们感谢t . Kohchi博士请提供拟南芥HO-1抗体。这项工作是支持由布宜诺斯艾利斯(阿根廷)和从大学Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET)(阿根廷)。m . l . Tomaro和k . b . Balestrasse职业CONICET调查人员。</gydF4y2Bap>
</div>
<div class="xml-content">
<h4 class="references" id="references">引用</gydF4y2Bah4>
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<li id="B20">j·f·g·m . Wintermans和a . de著“叶绿素a和b的光度特性及其在乙醇,phenophytins”<gydF4y2Bai>生物物理学,包括光合作用</gydF4y2Bai>,卷109,不。2、448 - 453年,1965页。<gydF4y2Baspan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Spectrophotometric%20characteristics%20of%20chlorophylls%20a%20and%20b%20and%20their%20phenophytins%20in%20ethanol&author=J. F. G. M. Wintermans &author=A. de Mots&publication_year=1965" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li>
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<li id="B43">b . Demple和c·f·Amabile-Cuevas氧化还原的再现:氧化应激反应的控制,”<gydF4y2Bai>细胞</gydF4y2Bai>,卷67,不。5,837 - 839年,1991页。<gydF4y2Baspan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Redox%20redux:%20the%20control%20of%20oxidative%20stress%20responses&author=B. Demple &author=C. F. Amábile-Cuevas&publication_year=1991" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li>
<li id="B44">j . a . Bassham和m .加尔文“二氧化碳固定和碳水化合物的合成,”<gydF4y2Bai>植物生理学</gydF4y2Bai>f·索尔兹伯里b和c·w·罗斯,Eds。,pp. 225–248, Wadsworth, New York, NY, USA, 4th edition, 1992.<span class="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Carbon%20dioxide%20fixation%20and%20carbohydrate%20synthesis&author=J. A. Bassham &author=M. Calvin&publication_year=1992" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li>
<li id="B45">维诺科b . w . Wang,奥特曼,“植物对干旱的反应、盐度和极端温度:对基因工程压力的宽容,“<gydF4y2Bai>足底</gydF4y2Bai>,卷218,不。1、1 - 14,2003页。<gydF4y2Baspan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-003-1105-5">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</gydF4y2Baspan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Plant%20responses%20to%20drought,%20salinity%20and%20extreme%20temperatures:%20towards%20genetic%20engineering%20for%20stress%20tolerance&author=W. Wang&author=B. Vinocur&author=&author=A. Altman&publication_year=2003" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li>
<li id="B46">r·a·沃尔科夫i Panchuk, p . m . Mullineaux和f . Schoffl热应激<gydF4y2Bamath id="M98" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
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</math>需要有效的表达热休克基因在拟南芥中,“<gydF4y2Bai>植物分子生物学</gydF4y2Bai>,卷61,不。4 - 5,733 - 746年,2006页。<gydF4y2Baspan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-006-0045-4">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</gydF4y2Baspan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Heat%20stress-induced%20H2O2%20is%20required%20for%20effective%20expression%20of%20heat%20shock%20genes%20in%20Arabidopsis&author=R. A. Volkov&author=I. I. Panchuk&author=P. M. Mullineaux&author=&author=F. Schöffl&publication_year=2006" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li>
<li id="B47">j . Dat, s .凡e . Vranova m·范·蒙塔古,d . Inze和f·范·Breusegem”双重作用的活性氧物种在植物应激反应,”<gydF4y2Bai>细胞和分子生命科学</gydF4y2Bai>卷,57号5,779 - 795年,2000页。<gydF4y2Baspan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s000180050041">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</gydF4y2Baspan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Dual%20action%20of%20the%20active%20oxygen%20species%20during%20plant%20stress%20responses&author=J. Dat&author=S. Vandenabeele&author=E. Vranová&author=M. Van Montagu&author=D. Inzé&author=&author=F. Van Breusegem&publication_year=2000" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li>
<li id="B48">i . i Panchuk、r·a·沃尔科夫和f . Schoffl”热应力和热休克转录因子依赖表达和抗坏血酸盐过氧化物酶的活性在拟南芥中,“<gydF4y2Bai>植物生理学</gydF4y2Bai>,卷129,不。2、838 - 853年,2002页。<gydF4y2Baspan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.001362">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</gydF4y2Baspan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Heat%20stress-%20and%20heat%20shock%20transcription%20factor-dependent%20expression%20and%20activity%20of%20ascorbate%20peroxidase%20in%20Arabidopsis&author=I. I. Panchuk&author=R. A. Volkov&author=&author=F. Schöffl&publication_year=2002" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li>
<li id="B49">e .张艺泷j . r . Martinez-Solano a . Piqueras和e . Hellin”步骤氧化镉引起的破裂的早期在烟草细胞培养(2线),“<gydF4y2Bai>实验植物学杂志》上</gydF4y2Bai>,54卷,不。381年,第301 - 291页,2003年。<gydF4y2Baspan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/54.381.291">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</gydF4y2Baspan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Early%20steps%20in%20the%20oxidative%20burst%20induced%20by%20cadmium%20in%20cultured%20tobacco%20cells%20(BY-2%20line)&author=E. Olmos&author=J. R. Martínez-Solano&author=A. Piqueras&author=&author=E. Hellín&publication_year=2003" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li>
<li id="B50">e . Vranova d Inze, f . Van Breusegem”在氧化应激信号转导,<gydF4y2Bai>实验植物学杂志》上</gydF4y2Bai>,53卷,不。372年,第1236 - 1227页,2002年。<gydF4y2Baspan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Signal%20transduction%20during%20oxidative%20stress&author=E. Vranová&author=D. Inzé&author=&author=F. Van Breusegem&publication_year=2002" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li>
<li id="B51">j . o . Ossola和m . l . Tomaro血红素加氧酶由氯化镉诱导:氧化应激参与的证据,”<gydF4y2Bai>毒理学</gydF4y2Bai>,卷104,不。1 - 3、141 - 147年,1995页。<gydF4y2Baspan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-483X(95)03157-B">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</gydF4y2Baspan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Heme%20oxygenase%20induction%20by%20cadmium%20chloride:%20evidence%20for%20oxidative%20stress%20involvement&author=J. O. Ossola &author=M. L. Tomaro&publication_year=1995" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li>
<li id="B52">d . Berg m . Gerlach m . b . h . Youdim et al .,“脑铁途径及其与帕金森病,”<gydF4y2Bai>神经化学杂志</gydF4y2Bai>,卷79,不。2、225 - 236年,2001页。<gydF4y2Baspan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00608.x">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</gydF4y2Baspan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Brain%20iron%20pathways%20and%20their%20relevance%20to%20Parkinson's%20disease&author=D. Berg&author=M. Gerlach&author=M. B. H. Youdim et al.&publication_year=2001" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li>
<li id="B53">n . Arnaud Murgia, j . Boucherez肯尼迪。Briat、f .间和f . Gaymard”,一个铁诱导一氧化氮破裂之前ubiquitin-dependent蛋白质降解为拟南芥AtFer1铁蛋白基因表达,“<gydF4y2Bai>《生物化学》杂志上</gydF4y2Bai>,卷281,不。33岁,23579 - 23588年,2006页。<gydF4y2Baspan class="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M602135200">出版商的网站</一个><span class="sep">|</gydF4y2Baspan><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=An%20iron-induced%20nitric%20oxide%20burst%20precedes%20ubiquitin-dependent%20protein%20degradation%20for%20Arabidopsis%20AtFer1%20ferritin%20gene%20expression&author=N. Arnaud&author=I. Murgia&author=J. Boucherez&author=J.-F. Briat&author=F. Cellier&author=&author=F. Gaymard&publication_year=2006" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li>
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<p>版权©2009年卡拉詹妮娜Zilli等。这是一个开放的分布式下文章<一个rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">知识共享归属许可</一个>,它允许无限制的使用、分配和复制在任何媒介,提供最初的工作是正确引用。</gydF4y2Bap>
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