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class="sc-jAaTju cxkaTM sc-bmyXtO lmNMHJ article_title">复合右、左行波场效应晶体管</h1></d我v> <div class="sc-jeCdPy bpzNtR article_authors"> <hr class="sc-likbZx PHYWq hr__author"> <span class=""><b>Koichi Narahara</gydF4y2Bab><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail to Author Option"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje cPuqxU sc-jtRlXQ jIaDFG" title="" role="presentation" 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src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="16"></a><sup>1</年代up></span> <div class="sc-ePZHVD eecoTM isHide"> <p><sup>1</年代up><span>山形大学科学与工程研究生院，日本，Yonezawa, Jonan 4-3-16，山形992-8510</年代pan></p> </div> <button class="sc-kEYyzF gRIXYh sc-bEjcJn cFrLKZ" color="">显示更多</gydF4y2Babutton> </div> <div class="articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 evMkvU"> <div class="articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 fYrLtk"> <b>学术编辑器:</gydF4y2Bab>Egidio Ragonese</d我v> <div class="articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 fjviok"> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">收到了</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2012年3月27日</年代pan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">修改后的</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2012年6月27日</年代pan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">接受</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2012年7月11日</年代pan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC isPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">发表</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2012年9月13日</年代pan> </div> </div> </div> <article class="sc-kZmsYB iukjRu article_body "> <div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">摘要</h4><gydF4y2Bap>我们介绍了一种用于开发大规模支持左手波平台的复合右、左行波场效应晶体管(CRLH TWFET)。该装置以电容和场效应晶体管跨导表示两条电磁耦合的CRLH传输线。由于耦合，两种不同的模式可以支持CRLH twet中的波。实验证明，其中一个模支持的波被放大，而另一个模支持的波被显著衰减。为了量化波浪在CRLH TWFETs中的传播，我们建立了基于传输线理论的数值模型，很好地模拟了测量结果。本文讨论了数值计算结果，验证了CRLH TWFETs的设计准则。</gydF4y2Bap> <span class="end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction">1.介绍</h4><gydF4y2Bap>复合右、左(CRLH)传输线(TLs)得到了广泛的研究，并在电磁连续波的管理方面取得了几个重要突破[<一个href="#B1">1</一个>]。CRLH TLs在每个单元单元中有一对单串联和并联的电感-电容(LC)对。他们表现出lefthandedness;也就是说，在一定的频率下，它们的相速度的符号与群速度的符号相反。数字<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>显示CRLH TL的单位细胞，其中<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:19.9125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.9125 14.2375" width="19.9125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.3375" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.975px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.975 14.3375" width="18.975" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:19.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.5625 14.2375" width="19.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.3375" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:19.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.325001 14.3375" width="19.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>分别为串联电感、串联电容、并联电感、并联电容。该系列LC对由<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:19.9125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.9125 14.2375" width="19.9125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.3375" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.975px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.975 14.3375" width="18.975" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>，而分路对由<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M7" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:19.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.5625 14.2375" width="19.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.3375" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:19.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.325001 14.3375" width="19.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。这些参数定义了CRLH TL的上下零波长频率，由<年代vg height="17.987499" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:236.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 236.625 17.987499" width="236.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.9875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.44,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.32,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.767723" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.319056" y="0"> x</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.734055" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.897552" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.149052" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.624886" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.788387" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,8.86,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,15.56,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,24.41,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,31.39,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,35.55,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,47.23,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.452748" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.928582" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.092081" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,74.72,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,81.7,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,90.55,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,97.24,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,101.41,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,113.09,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="18" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:236.45px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 236.45 18" width="236.45" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.6)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.44,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.51,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.767723" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.243557" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.658558" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.822056" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.073555" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.549389" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.712887" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,5.6,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,12.29,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,21.15,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,28.12,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,32.28,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,43.97,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.452748" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.928582" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.092081" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.46,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,78.43,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text 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transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.44,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>而左撇子的频率则低于<年代vg height="11.0375" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:15.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.0875 11.0375" width="15.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.44,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。之间存在一个频带间隙<年代vg height="11.0375" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:15.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.0875 11.0375" width="15.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.44,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="11.025" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:16.575001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.575001 11.025" width="16.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.18)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.44,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>其中所有支持模式都是瞬息即逝的。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig1"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="498146.fig.001" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.001.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图1</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> CRLH TL的单位细胞。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>由于有限的电极电阻和衬底电流泄漏，CRLH TLs的使用有时可能不切实际，可能需要损耗补偿方案。最近，几位作者研究了利用晶体管在一维放大LH波的方法[<一个href="#B2">2</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B4">4</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>特别地，我们分析了通过晶体管跨导以及电容耦合和电感耦合连续相互作用的两个CRLH晶体管的使用情况，我们称之为CRLH行波场效应晶体管(TWFET)，或CRLH TWFET为简洁。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>目前有两种不同的方法来实现左手波的损耗补偿或放大。其中一种方法是将无源CRLH区与放大器区互连。基于此方法，Casares-Miranda等[<一个href="#B2">2</一个>[制造了一个漏波天线，其增益大大提高了相比其被动对等。互连部分的多个级联使LH波的有效传播长度得以延长。然而，相位跃变发生在放大器部分。另一种方法是连续放大。Si等人[<一个href="#B3">3.</一个>]提出了一种微波CRLH TL，在每个单元单元中加入理想的增益器件。他们演示了一个简单的电路单元，由两个fet作为这种增益器件运行。另一方面，Maezawa等人[<一个href="#B4">4</一个>提出了一种周期性负载谐振隧道二极管(RTD)对的CRLH TL。RTDs的负差动电阻(NDR)可以补偿无源CRLH tl的损失。该线路可以通过RTD的NDR放大沿该线路传播的信号。在任何一种情况下，单元单元结构比CRLH TWFETs要简单得多。CRLH TL在每个单元单元中都有电感-电容对。只要简单地引入NDR器件，这些对就能表现出共振行为。我们对CRLH twet进行了稳定性分析，以确定它们成功地抑制了不稳定性并放大了LH波[<一个href="#B5">5</一个>]。另一方面，据我们所知，对于在每个单元单元中使用NDR设备的方案，还没有进行这样的稳定性分析。表格<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>总结了上述三种平台对LH波衰减补偿的优缺点。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab1"> <table class="table-group" id="tab1"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="left"></td> <td align="center">CRLH、TL和放大器部分的级联</td><td一个l我gn="center">带有NDR设备/电路的单元单元</td><td一个l我gn="center">CRLH TWFET</td></tgydF4y2Bar> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">设计的灵活性</td><td一个l我gn="center">+</td><td一个l我gn="center">+</td><td一个l我gn="center">−</td></tgydF4y2Bar> <tr> <td align="left">阶段的连续性</td><td一个l我gn="center">−</td><td一个l我gn="center">+</td><td一个l我gn="center">+</td></tgydF4y2Bar> <tr> <td align="left">验证</td><td一个l我gn="center">+</td><td一个l我gn="center">−</td><td一个l我gn="center">+</td></tgydF4y2Bar> <tr> <td align="left">稳定</td><td一个l我gn="center">+</td><td一个l我gn="center">±</td><td一个l我gn="center">+</td></tgydF4y2Bar> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="4"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表1</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/tab1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 放大LH波的优点图。</d我v> </div> </div> <p>下面，我们首先阐明CRLH TWFETs的设计理念。然后讨论了CRLH TWFET的一些基本性质，包括器件结构、色散关系、波放大和终止方案的设计准则。接下来，我们描述数值模型来模拟测量结果。通过数值计算验证了CRLH TWFET设计准则的有效性。</gydF4y2Bap> <p></p> <h4 id="design-concept-of-crlh-twfets">2.CRLH TWFETs的设计理念</h4><gydF4y2Bap>数字<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>说明我们的CRLH TWFETs的设计理念。由于耦合，有两种不同的传播模式，称为c-和<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-模式，可以支持波浪在CRLH TWFETs。每一种模式都有自己的速度、特性阻抗和栅极与漏极线之间的电压分数。一般来说，c型波在栅极和漏极线之间具有偶数奇偶性。另一方面，<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>模波在栅极和漏极线之间具有奇偶校验。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig2"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="498146.fig.002" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.002.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图2</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> CRLH TWFETs的设计理念。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>我们的设计理念源于CRLH TWFET可以放大其中一种模式所携带的波，并显著衰减另一种模式所携带的波。我们可以排除衰减模式所携带的波的影响来抑制模态色散。此外，与放大模式相对应的特征阻抗匹配的末端可以使波的反射最小。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>目前，我们考虑的情况是<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-模式是唯一一个被放大。然后是终端电阻<年代vg height="16.625" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-5.04861pt;width:23.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.987499 16.625" width="23.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> T</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.9711361" y="0"> g</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.35" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:24.4625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.4625 14.35" width="24.4625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> T</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.3474722" y="0"> d</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>等于<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-栅线和漏极线的模态特性阻抗。以发展被水所携带的波<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>模式，输入端口<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:26.799999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.799999 16.2875" width="26.799999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.95,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="15.775" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-4.37273pt;width:27.4625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.4625 15.775" width="27.4625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.775)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.38)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.95,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>兴奋的海浪满足了吗<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>模式电压分数。在这项研究中，我们描述了数值计算的结果使用一个基于基本传输线理论的CRLH TWFET模型。该模型很好地模拟了该器件的测量特性，并可以评估有限串联电感对沿直线传播的LH和RH波的贡献。工作带宽受场效应管截止频率的限制。此外，寄生电感和电容的影响在高频时增大，这是不能先验假设的。然而，由于该线路是基于印刷电路板(PCB)技术，我们可以很好地抑制寄生元件的影响，寄生元件的工作带宽扩展了目前的微波频率。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="crlh-twfets">3.CRLH TWFETS</h4><gydF4y2Bap>数字<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig3/" target="_blank">3.</一个>显示CRLH TWFET单元单元的电路配置。每个单元单元包括一个场效应晶体管。为门(排水)线，<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:41.137501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 41.137501 16.2875" width="41.137501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.782464" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.69688" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="18.352943" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="21.267361" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="16.375" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:37.462502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 37.462502 16.375" width="37.462502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.5024" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.416816" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="18.07288" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:38.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.049999 16.2875" width="38.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.5024" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.416816" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="18.07288" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.375" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:37.825001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 37.825001 16.375" width="37.825001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.782464" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.69688" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="18.352943" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>分别表示串联电感、串联电容、并联电感、并联电容。栅线与场效应晶体管的栅电极连接，场效应晶体管的漏电极与漏线连接。源电极接地。注意到栅的偏置电压(<年代vg height="14.375" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:17.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.987499 14.375" width="17.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)和排水(<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.5375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5375 14.2375" width="18.5375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)的场效应晶体管可以通过<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:25.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.375 16.2875" width="25.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.375" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:26.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.0375 14.375" width="26.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,分别。每个电感具有有限的寄生电阻，记为<年代vg height="14.375" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:20.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.5625 14.375" width="20.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:21.125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.125 14.2375" width="21.125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:29.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 29.375 16.2875" width="29.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.89,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="15.775" id="M36" style="vertical-align:-4.37273pt;width:30.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 30.0375 15.775" width="30.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.775)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.38)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.89,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>为<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M37" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:25.725px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.725 16.2875" width="25.725" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.375" id="M38" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:26.387501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.387501 14.375" width="26.387501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:25.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.375 16.2875" width="25.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.375" id="M40" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:26.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.0375 14.375" width="26.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,分别。场效应晶体管的漏源极电流模型为<年代vg height="18.025" id="M41" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:145.47501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 145.47501 18.025" width="145.47501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.58)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.95,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.94,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-45.59,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.49,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.643892" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.807392" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-0.49,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,9.39,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,27.92,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4943199" y="0"> h</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,35.3,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,39.46,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,在那里<年代vg height="13.425" id="M42" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.35" id="M43" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:19.475px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.475 14.35" width="19.475" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7393761" y="0"> ℎ</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<我>V</gydF4y2Ba我>分别为跨导系数、阈值电压和门线电压。对于解析计算，我们考虑的小信号对应<年代vg height="14.375" id="M44" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:18.887501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.887501 14.375" width="18.887501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.95,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,也就是说,<年代vg height="14.725" id="M45" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:150.52499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 150.52499 14.725" width="150.52499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.22)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.95,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.94,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-45.59,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.49,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-9.64,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-2.93,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,8.42,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,18.3,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,36.83,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.503072" y="0"> h</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,44.21,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,在那里<年代vg height="14.5625" id="M46" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:19.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.987499 14.5625" width="19.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.77,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>跨导是2吗<年代vg height="14.725" id="M47" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:76.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 76.875 14.725" width="76.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.22)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9641709" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.12767" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.62,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-43.74,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-25.21,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4943199" y="0"> h</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-17.84,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>此外，场效应管还包括栅源电容<年代vg height="16.375" id="M48" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:21.424999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.424999 16.375" width="21.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.305984" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>, gate-drain电容<年代vg height="16.375" id="M49" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:23.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.0875 16.375" width="23.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.305984" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>、漏源极电容<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M50" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:21.862499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.862499 14.4625" width="21.862499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。这些场效应晶体管寄生电容可以嵌入到图中的元件中<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>。具体地说,<年代vg height="16.375" id="M51" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:21.424999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.424999 16.375" width="21.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.305984" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M52" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:21.862499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.862499 14.4625" width="21.862499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.375" id="M53" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:23.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.0875 16.375" width="23.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.305984" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>可以包括在<年代vg height="16.375" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:25.15px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.15 16.375" width="25.15" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M55" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:25.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.8125 14.4625" width="25.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.425" id="M56" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:19px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19 14.425" width="19" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.46)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,分别。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig3"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig3"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="498146.fig.003" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.003.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图3</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="14.325" id="M57" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.575001 14.325" width="19.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.425" id="M58" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19 14.425" width="19" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.46)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> CRLH TWFET的单位细胞。闸板和排水管道都有CRLH TL结构。这两条线通过互感耦合gydF4y2Ba互电容,gydF4y2Ba，以及FET贡献。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>由于栅极和漏极线之间存在被动耦合，两种不同的传播模式可以携带波[<一个href="#B6">6</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>每一种模式都有它自己的色散、特性阻抗和线之间的电压分数。数字<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>各模态均表现出典型的色散关系。为了得到这个，我们设置<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M59" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:25.725px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.725 16.2875" width="25.725" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.375" id="M60" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:24.799999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.799999 16.375" width="24.799999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M61" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:25.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.375 16.2875" width="25.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.375" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:25.15px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.15 16.375" width="25.15" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>至0.75 nH, 1.5 pF, 1.25 nH, 1.0 pF。此外,<年代vg height="14.375" id="M63" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:26.387501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.387501 14.375" width="26.387501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M64" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:25.4625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.4625 14.4625" width="25.4625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.375" id="M65" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:26.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.0375 14.375" width="26.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M66" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:25.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.8125 14.4625" width="25.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg><i>,</我>和<年代vg height="14.425" id="M67" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:19px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19 14.425" width="19" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.46)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>分别设置为1.0 nH、2.0 pF、0.5 nH、1.5 pF和0.2 pF。对于给定的频率，通常有两种不同的模态，尽管在图中的填充频率中只允许有唯一的模态<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>。为了明确起见，我们把快模式和慢模式称为<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M68" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>,分别。因此，实线和虚线对应于<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.3874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.3874998 7.1875" width="7.3874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>- - -<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M70" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>——模式,分别。上(下)两个表现出RH (LH)特性。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig4"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig4"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="498146.fig.004" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.004.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图4</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig4/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> CRLH TWFET的色散特性。填充的频率区域被零波长的频率夹在中间，按升序排列为3.6、4.1、4.7和5.6 GHz。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>通过输入具有的电压信号<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>- (<gydF4y2Ba年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M71" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-)模态电压分数之间的线路，他们是由<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>- (<gydF4y2Ba年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M72" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-)模式。此外，匹配的终止与<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>- (<gydF4y2Ba年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M73" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-)模式特性阻抗抑制了多次反射，严重扭曲了线中的波。当电压分数为正(负)时，对应模式变为同相(反相)。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>我们考虑小的情况<年代vg height="14.5625" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:19.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.987499 14.5625" width="19.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.77,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>介绍了。然后我们就可以得到<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>- (<gydF4y2Ba年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M75" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-)模式单位单元增益<年代vg height="12.8625" id="M76" style="vertical-align:-4.68874pt;width:27.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.4125 12.8625" width="27.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.71)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.4,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.5464959" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.867712" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>通过对复色散的连续扩展<年代vg height="14.5625" id="M77" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:19.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.987499 14.5625" width="19.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.77,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,这是由<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq1"> <svg height="95.449997" id="M78" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 95.449997" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,95.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,4.36)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.66,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,111.21,50.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.25,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.82" y="-9.2299995"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> −</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.82,59.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.39,62.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.24,59.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.95,62.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.13,59.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 141.05,56.57 75.81,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.05,42.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3299999" y="2.52"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.18" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.431499" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.907333" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.71,47.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.1599998"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.37,42.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.579218" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.055052" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.19,47.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.0500002"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.01,40.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.1300001" y="-5.77"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.889999" y="-20.35"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 230.71,56.57 10.63,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.71,43.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.46,47.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.1599998"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.31,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.2" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 257.85,56.57 11.57,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.85,43.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,263.6,47.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.0500002"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.39,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.65" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 285.93,56.57 12.47,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,285.93,43.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,291.68,47.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.1599998"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,299.59,46.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.46" y="-7.3299999"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-195.56" y="35.290001"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.58,7.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.88,10.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.189999" y="-9.2600002"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> −</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.82,16.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.64,20.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.49,16.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.2,20.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.38,16.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 141.67,13.96 75.81,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.67,0.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3400002" y="2.52"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.19" y="-2.220446e-016"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.4415" y="-2.220446e-016"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.917334" y="-2.220446e-016"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.34,4.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.1599998"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.99,0.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.591721" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.067554" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.81,4.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.0500002"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.63,-2.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.1300001" y="-5.77"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.889999" y="-20.35"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 231.34,13.96 10.62,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.34,0.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.09,5.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.1599998"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.94,10.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.19" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 258.47,13.96 11.58,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.47,0.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,264.23,5.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.04"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,274.02,10.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.64" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 286.56,13.96 12.46,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,286.56,0.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.31,5.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.1599998"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,300.22,3.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.46" y="-7.3200002"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="173.89999" y="-27.190001"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="178.06349" y="-27.190001"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="184.315" y="-27.190001"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="12.825" id="M79" style="vertical-align:-4.68874pt;width:26.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.4125 12.825" width="26.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.2,63.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.5464959" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.867712" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>的相速度<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>- (<gydF4y2Ba年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M80" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-)模式。此外,<年代vg height="10.975" id="M81" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:15.7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.7 10.975" width="15.7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.22)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.2,63.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>被定义为<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq2"> <svg height="219.22501" id="M82" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 219.22501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,219.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,103.38)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.09,56.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 53.99,52.73 12.46,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,53.99,39.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,59.74,43.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.1599998"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.12,49.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.50372" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.849998" y="-9.21"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.101501" y="-9.21"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.61,55.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 99.17,52.73 68.96,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,99.17,40.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,107.56,37.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.91,40.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> 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style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.1" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 197.97,5.31 13.38,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.97,-6.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.48,-3.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.55,-7.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.88" y="-9.7399998"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.43" y="-16.99"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 237.97,5.31 20.26,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.97,-6.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.36,-9.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,261.51,-7.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.52" y="-16.99"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 272.81,5.31 20.68,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,272.81,-7.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text 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transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,324.59,-7.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-237.96001" y="37.91"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-225.42" y="26.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.102424" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,107.68,-28.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.0200005"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="9.0200005"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 99.17,-42.33 19.86,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,102.41,-54.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.92,-51.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,122.31,-55.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.32" y="-16.98"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.11" y="-9.7299995"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.124662" y="-9.7299995"> −</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.14,-33.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 153.98,-42.33 20.68,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.98,-55.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.5,-51.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.5,-60.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 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8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> h</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.7805281" y="0"> g</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.54,-55.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.88" y="-9.7299995"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.42" y="-20"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.47,-30.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1499996"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="9.1499996"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 238.96,-42.33 20.39,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.46,-54.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 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transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,23.01,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="18.025" id="M90" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:134.7375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 134.7375 18.025" width="134.7375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.58)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.44,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> h</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.7805281" y="0"> d</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-47.31,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.918718" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-12.53,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-0.65,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,7.74,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,19.89,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,24.06,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。请注意,<年代vg height="10.975" id="M91" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:15.7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.7 10.975" width="15.7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.22)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.2,63.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>的RHS (<一个href="#EEq3">3.</一个>)成为负数。此外,(<一个href="#EEq3">3.</一个>)变成单数表示<年代vg height="14.6875" id="M92" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:46.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 46.787498 14.6875" width="46.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.91,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。在这种情况下，<年代vg height="12.8625" id="M93" style="vertical-align:-4.68874pt;width:27.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.4125 12.8625" width="27.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.71)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.4,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.5464959" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.867712" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>应该写成<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq3"> <svg height="104.6" id="M94" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 104.6" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,104.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,11.68)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,96.7,49.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,103.25,46.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,111.3,49.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.790001" y="-11.05"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> −</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,138.84,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,143.41,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,151.8,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.51,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.69,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.49,58.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.877166" y="-2.51"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.217386" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.23,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,216.1,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.09,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.09,56.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> d</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.26,58.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9269018" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.78" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.807165" y="-2.51"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.147388" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,282.93,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,287.8,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,299.8,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,299.8,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> g</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,311.96,58.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 133.09,53.11 184.72,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.85,39.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.62,42.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.49,39.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.88,36.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.23,39.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.62,36.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.58,36.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.52"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.1015" y="-2.52"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.577334" y="-2.52"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,243.91,43.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.1599998"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.56,39.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.591721" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.067554" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,278.38,43.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.0500002"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.2,36.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.810001" y="-13.09"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-188.75" y="33.18"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="189.92" y="-13.28"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="194.0835" y="-13.28"> 3.</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="200.33499" y="-13.28"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,102,0.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,111.3,3.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.790001" y="-11.05"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> −</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,138.84,11.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.66,14.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.05,11.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.77,14.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.94,11.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.74,12.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.877166" y="-2.51"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.217386" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.48,19.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.35,14.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.34,19.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.34,10.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> d</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,241.51,12.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9269018" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.78" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.807165" y="-2.51"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.147388" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.18,19.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,289.06,14.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,301.05,19.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,301.05,11.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> g</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,313.21,12.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 133.09,6.84 185.97,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.47,-6.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.24,-3.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.12,-6.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.5,-9.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.86,-6.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.25,-9.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.21,-9.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.52"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.1015" y="-2.52"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.577334" y="-2.52"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.54,-2.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.1599998"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.19,-6.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.591721" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.067554" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.01,-2.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="7.0500002"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.83,-9.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.43" y="-13.09"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="189.28999" y="-13.28"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="193.45351" y="-13.28"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="199.705" y="-13.28"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>在上面的,<年代vg height="12.8625" id="M95" style="vertical-align:-4.68874pt;width:27.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.4125 12.8625" width="27.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.71)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.4,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.5464959" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.867712" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>被定义为阴性放大RH波。相应地，波的振幅增加<年代vg height="12.8625" id="M96" style="vertical-align:-4.68874pt;width:27.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.4125 12.8625" width="27.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.71)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.4,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.5464959" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.867712" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>LH波变成正的，因为相速度和群速度的符号相反。通过定义,<年代vg height="11.0375" id="M97" style="vertical-align:-3.24916pt;width:14.5875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.5875 11.0375" width="14.5875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.2,63.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>总是大于<年代vg height="11.0125" id="M98" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:13.025px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.025 11.0125" width="13.025" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.19)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.2,63.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>;因此,<年代vg height="14.7375" id="M99" style="vertical-align:-3.24916pt;width:56.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.6875 14.7375" width="56.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.4,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.83,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.28,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.99,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>对于任何频率<年代vg height="14.325" id="M100" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:19.575001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.575001 14.325" width="19.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是微不足道的。可以得出结论，这两种模中有一种能被唯一地放大。更具体地说,<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>- (<gydF4y2Ba年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M101" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-)模式可以唯一放大LH (RH)波，如果<年代vg height="12.4875" id="M102" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:53.575001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 53.575001 12.4875" width="53.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,65.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.977874" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.018263" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39.41,62.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>或<年代vg height="12.4875" id="M103" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:56px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56 12.4875" width="56" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,65.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.977874" y="0"> ></t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.018263" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39.41,62.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> u</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,在那里<年代vg height="16.987499" id="M104" style="vertical-align:-5.04861pt;width:146.10001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 146.10001 16.987499" width="146.10001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.9875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.44,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> u</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-47.8,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.306553" y="0"> x</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.734055" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.897552" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,2.62,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> g</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,14.78,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,28.51,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> d</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,40.67,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="17.0875" id="M105" style="vertical-align:-5.04861pt;width:141.075px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 141.075 17.0875" width="141.075" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.0875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.44,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.74,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.231054" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.658558" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.822056" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-1.4,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> g</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,10.76,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,24.49,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> d</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,36.65,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。另一方面，<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>- (<gydF4y2Ba年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M106" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-)模式可以唯一放大RH (LH)波，如果<年代vg height="12.4875" id="M107" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:98.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 98.8125 12.4875" width="98.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,65.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.44,62.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.74,65.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.018263" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.058651" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-5.16,62.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> u</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>通过引入任何微小但有限的阻力<我>R</gydF4y2Ba我>，我们得到了表格<年代vg height="16.012501" id="M108" style="vertical-align:-4.37273pt;width:123.6625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 123.6625 16.012501" width="123.6625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.19)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.4,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.8200798" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-50.29,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-32.13,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.8200798" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-20.49,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.32,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-1.83,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,15.24,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.8200798" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="10.325" id="M109" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6875 10.325" width="11.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>有一些系数<年代vg height="12.4625" id="M110" style="vertical-align:-4.37273pt;width:22.3125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.3125 12.4625" width="22.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.03)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.8200798" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="12.4625" id="M111" style="vertical-align:-4.37273pt;width:21.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.8375 12.4625" width="21.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.03)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.22,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.8200798" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>对于复杂的分散。不管<年代vg height="12.4625" id="M112" style="vertical-align:-4.37273pt;width:21.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.8375 12.4625" width="21.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.03)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.22,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.8200798" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>时，两种模态中只有一种可能被放大<年代vg height="11.05" id="M113" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:13.475px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.475 11.05" width="13.475" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.7375" id="M114" style="vertical-align:-3.24916pt;width:42.25px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 42.25 14.7375" width="42.25" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.54,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。因此，设计CRLH TWFET以满足独特模式被放大的条件的关键标准，即使有任何损耗或泄漏，也同样有价值。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>一般来说，频率越高，电阻越大。它趋向于达到饱和值。我们没有对这种频率依赖性建模，而是对所有频率使用饱和电阻来进行高估。我们将寄生电阻的值与电感成正比，这样1.0-nH电感的电阻为0.15<年代vg height="10.6875" id="M115" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.75 10.6875" width="11.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.45)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Ω</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。通过增加电阻对单位单元增益的线性化贡献，我们得到了数字<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig5/" target="_blank">5</一个>和<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>,设置<年代vg height="14.5625" id="M116" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:19.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.987499 14.5625" width="19.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.77,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>2.0毫秒。数字<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig5/" target="_blank">5</一个>显示对应LH分支的低频单位细胞增益。放大后的波只适用于<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M117" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-模式在3.0到3.3 GHz之间的频率。增益在3.2 GHz时达到最大，两者之间的差异<年代vg height="11.0125" id="M118" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:13.025px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.025 11.0125" width="13.025" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.19)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.2,63.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="11.0375" id="M119" style="vertical-align:-3.24916pt;width:14.5875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.5875 11.0375" width="14.5875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.2,63.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>变得最小。数字<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>为RH支路对应的高频。放大后的波只适用于<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>-频率大于4.95 GHz的模式。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig5"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig5"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="498146.fig.005" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.005.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图5</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig5/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="7.0124998" id="M120" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <i>c</我><t一个ble> LH频率的单位单元增益。实线和虚线表示gydF4y2Ba- - -gydF4y2Ba分别模式。填充区域相当于放大。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig6"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig6"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="498146.fig.006" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.006.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图6</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig6/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="7.0124998" id="M121" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <i>c</我><t一个ble> RH频率的单位单元增益。实线和虚线表示gydF4y2Ba- - -gydF4y2Ba分别模式。填充区域相当于放大。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="numerical-simulation-of-test-line">4.测试线的数值模拟</h4><gydF4y2Bap>最近，我们在试验板上使用离散元件表征了CRLH TWFET [<一个href="#B7">7</一个>]。我们造了一个90节的设备。为了方便，所有的系列电感都被淘汰。因此，测试线在所有允许移动的频率上都表现出LH特性。所使用的晶体管为东芝2SK30A，其典型的阈值电压为−1.8 V。电感器和电容器分别采用TDK SPT0406系列和TDK FK系列。的值<年代vg height="16.375" id="M122" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:24.799999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.799999 16.375" width="24.799999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.375" id="M123" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:25.15px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.15 16.375" width="25.15" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M124" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:25.4625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.4625 14.4625" width="25.4625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M125" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:25.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.8125 14.4625" width="25.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.47648" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.425" id="M126" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:19px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19 14.425" width="19" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.46)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.56,60.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>分别设置为470、47、470、470和47 pF。此外，价值<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M127" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:25.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.375 16.2875" width="25.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.375" id="M128" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:26.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.0375 14.375" width="26.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.1964159" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>设置为10.0和4.7<我>μ</gydF4y2Ba我>分别H。栅极和漏极线由一个NF WF1974双通道函数发生器产生的包络脉冲馈电。采用Agilent 10073C无源探针检测波形，采用Agilent DSO90254A示波器进行时域监测。通过测量，我们发现<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M129" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>模式增益振幅，而<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>模式失去他们。此外，当测试行以<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M130" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-模特性阻抗，可有效抑制波的多次反射。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>为了加强这些观测，我们用时域有限差分法求解测试线的传输方程来模拟测量结果。方程由<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq5"> <svg height="435.95001" id="M131" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 435.95001" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g 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12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.03" y="7.3299999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.190001" y="-7.25"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 116.17,-140.46 10.56,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,116.17,-152.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.54" y="-8.75"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.08" y="-19.120001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.5,-136.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> </text> <text 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id="M133" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:20.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.5 14.325" width="20.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.5,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>表示栅极和漏极线的电压<我>n</gydF4y2Ba我>th细胞,分别。此外,<年代vg height="14.325" id="M134" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:13.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.6875 14.325" width="13.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.95,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="13.75" id="M135" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:12.2625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.2625 13.75" width="12.2625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.09,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>表示栅极和漏极线流入的电流<我>n</gydF4y2Ba我>th细胞,分别。数据<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig7/" target="_blank">7(一)</一个>和<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig7/" target="_blank">7 (b)</一个>将载频为2.5 MHz的高斯包络脉冲输入到其中一端时，分别给出测量和计算的波形<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M136" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-栅极和漏极线之间的模态电压分数。在第10和第40个细胞分别监测上下波形。从图中我们可以清楚地看到，波在传播过程中获得了振幅<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig7/" target="_blank">7(一)</一个>。对测量波形和计算波形进行了相似的比较<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>-图中模式包络脉冲<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig8/" target="_blank">8</一个>。在第5和第10单元分别监测上下波形的载频为2.5 MHz。形成鲜明对比<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M137" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>模式波,<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>-模在传播过程中会失去振幅。在这两种情况下，计算的波形都能很好地模拟测量的波形，包括振幅增益和色散波形畸变。通过改变输入包络脉冲的载频和电压分量，我们得到了图中单位单元增益的频率依赖性<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig9/" target="_blank">9</一个>。圆形和正方形代表测量和计算的结果<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M138" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>分别输入模式。计算结果与实测值之间的相似性表明，数值计算对CRLH TWFETs的定量性能有充分的预测作用。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig7"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig7"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.007a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.007a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.007b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.007b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig7"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.007a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.007a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.007b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.007b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig7"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图7</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig7/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="7.0124998" id="M139" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> CRLH TWFET测试的时域波形。(a)测量值和(b)计算值gydF4y2Ba脉冲模式信封。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig8"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig8"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.008a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.008a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.008b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.008b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig8"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.008a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.008a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.008b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.008b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig8"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图8</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig8/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <i>c</我><t一个ble> CRLH TWFET测试的时域波形。(a)测量值和(b)计算值gydF4y2Ba脉冲模式信封。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig9"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig9"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="498146.fig.009" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.009.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图9</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig9/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <a href="#EEq5">5</一个><t一个ble> 单位单元增益的频率依赖性。圆和方分别代表测量值和数值的相关性。正增益对应于波的放大。实线图()gydF4y2Ba供参考。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>歧视的<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>- - -<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M140" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>显然，我们进行了大尺寸线的计算。我们将总单元数设置为500，并将载频为2.3 MHz的包络脉冲输入到栅线的第一单元。脉搏分裂成<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>- - -<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M141" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-模组分，经过长时间传播后在空间中被很好的分离。数据<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig10/" target="_blank">10 ()</一个>和<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (b)</一个>的计算结果<年代vg height="14.375" id="M142" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:55.575001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.575001 14.375" width="55.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.19,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.96,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4943199" y="0"> h</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.375" id="M143" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:55.575001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.575001 14.375" width="55.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.19,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ></t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.96,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4943199" y="0"> h</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,分别。上波形和下波形分别对应于长传播之前和之后的脉冲。的<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M144" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-模式组件的前面<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>-模式和被放大时<年代vg height="14.375" id="M145" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:55.575001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.575001 14.375" width="55.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.19,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ></t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.96,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4943199" y="0"> h</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。另一方面，我们可以清楚地看到，<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>-模态分量衰减更大<年代vg height="14.375" id="M146" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:55.575001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.575001 14.375" width="55.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.19,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ></t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.96,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4943199" y="0"> h</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>比<年代vg height="14.375" id="M147" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:55.575001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.575001 14.375" width="55.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.19,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.96,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4943199" y="0"> h</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig10"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig10"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.0010a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.0010a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.0010b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.0010b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig10"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.0010a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.0010a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.0010b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.0010b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig10"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图10</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig10/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <a href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig6/">6</一个><一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig7/">7 (b)</一个><t一个ble> 在大型CRLH TWFET中数值获得的包络脉冲。总单元格数被设置为500，而不改变用于获取数字的行参数(b)gydF4y2Ba和gydF4y2Ba。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="numerical-performance-of-crlh-twfets">5.CRLH TWFETs的数值性能</h4><gydF4y2Bap>我们对包括串联电感在内的CRLH TWFET的性能进行了数值评估。我们使用了与得到数字时相同的电抗值<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig5/" target="_blank">5</一个>和<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>。通过调谐寄生电阻和栅偏置电压，可以清楚地看到场效应晶体管增益的贡献。预计该线可以同时放大LH和RH波，这是由the<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M148" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>- - -<我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>分别模式。当印刷电路板技术被有效地利用时，我们所建立的数值模型不仅同样适用于兆赫电路，而且也适用于微波电路;因此，我们的模型得到的结果可以被认为对这些参数值是足够可靠的。对正弦输入的响应进行了评估，考虑到CRLH TWFETs将被应用的实际情况。图中厚波形和薄波形<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig11/" target="_blank">(11日)</一个>对应的是稳态的LH正弦波<年代vg height="14.375" id="M149" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:55.575001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.575001 14.375" width="55.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.19,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ></t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.96,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4943199" y="0"> h</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.375" id="M150" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:55.575001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.575001 14.375" width="55.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.19,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.96,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4943199" y="0"> h</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,分别。频率被设置为3.2 GHz，其中<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M151" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-《时尚》应该被独特地放大。因此，我们设计的终端电阻，以配合<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M152" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:9.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.625 7.0124998" width="9.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>模式特征阻抗。波的衰减被场效应晶体管的贡献很好地补偿。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig11"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig11"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.0011a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.0011a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.0011b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.0011b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig11"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.0011a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.0011a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" name="498146.fig.0011b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/apec/volume-2012/498146/figures/498146.fig.0011b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig11"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图11</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig11/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="14.375" id="M153" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.575001 14.375" width="55.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.19,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.96,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4943199" y="0"> h</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.375" id="M154" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.575001 14.375" width="55.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.19,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ></t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.96,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4943199" y="0"> h</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> CRLH TWFET的稳态波形。(a) RH、(b) LH波。薄和厚波形对应gydF4y2Ba和,gydF4y2Ba分别。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>最后，稳态RH正弦波的性质如图所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig11/" target="_blank">11 (b)</一个>。频率被设置为5.8 GHz。根据图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba我>c</gydF4y2Ba我>-模式是独特的放大，因此我们设置的终端与c模式阻抗匹配。对RH波的衰减进行了补偿。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>在这两种情况下，证实了驻波的发展被匹配的端点很好地抑制了。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="conclusions">6.结论</h4><gydF4y2Bap>我们描述了CRLH TWFETs中的波。我们发现，两种可能的传播模式中的一种在宽频率范围内具有独特的放大效果。通过具有与放大模式相对应的特征阻抗的终端，可以有效地抑制波的多次反射。这些设计标准对于生产同时支持LH和RH波的大型平台可能具有实际意义。</gydF4y2Bap> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="references" id="references">参考文献</h4><gydF4y2Baol> <li id="B1">C. 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height="20"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-cbkKFq dNPgJJ sc-iQtOjA huyqUq ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavLarge"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje fEOMwM sc-krvtoX isUmzT" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">下载引用</年代pan></span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje ggEPYc sc-fYiAbW eBEQa fileArrow" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="20"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-cbkKFq dNPgJJ sc-fHxwqH dPWBKK ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/apec/2012/498146.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje fEOMwM sc-krvtoX isUmzT" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">引用</年代pan></span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje ggEPYc sc-fYiAbW eBEQa fileArrow" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiPz4KPHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMjBweCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyMnB4IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMjAgMjIiIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayI+CiAgICA8IS0tIEdlbmVyYXRvcjogU2tldGNoIDUzLjIgKDcyNjQzKSAtIGh0dHBzOi8vc2tldGNoYXBwLmNvbSAtLT4KICAgIDx0aXRsZT5jaGV2cm9uLWRvd24gY29weSAzPC90aXRsZT4KICAgIDxkZXNjPkNyZWF0ZWQgd2l0aCBTa2V0Y2guPC9kZXNjPgogICAgPGRlZnM+CiAgICAgICAgPHBhdGggZD0iTTExLDEzLjU4NTc4NjQgTDExLDIgQzExLDEuNDQ3NzE1MjUgMTEuNDQ3NzE1MywxIDEyLDEgQzEyLjU1MjI4NDcsMSAxMywxLjQ0NzcxNTI1IDEzLDIgTDEzLDEzLjU4NTc4NjQgTDE1LjI5Mjg5MzIsMTEuMjkyODkzMiBDMTUuNjgzNDE3NSwxMC45MDIzNjg5IDE2LjMxNjU4MjUsMTAuOTAyMzY4OSAxNi43MDcxMDY4LDExLjI5Mjg5MzIgQzE3LjA5NzYzMTEsMTEuNjgzNDE3NSAxNy4wOTc2MzExLDEyLjMxNjU4MjUgMTYuNzA3MTA2OCwxMi43MDcxMDY4IEwxMi43MDcxMDY4LDE2LjcwNzEwNjggQzEyLjMxNjU4MjUsMTcuMDk3NjMxMSAxMS42ODM0MTc1LDE3LjA5NzYzMTEgMTEuMjkyODkzMiwxNi43MDcxMDY4IEw3LjI5Mjg5MzIyLDEyLjcwNzEwNjggQzYuOTAyMzY4OTMsMTIuMzE2NTgyNSA2LjkwMjM2ODkzLDExLjY4MzQxNzUgNy4yOTI4OTMyMiwxMS4yOTI4OTMyIEM3LjY4MzQxNzUxLDEwLjkwMjM2ODkgOC4zMTY1ODI0OSwxMC45MDIzNjg5IDguNzA3MTA2NzgsMTEuMjkyODkzMiBMMTEsMTMuNTg1Nzg2NCBaIE0yLDE3IEMyLDE2LjQ0NzcxNTMgMi40NDc3MTUyNSwxNiAzLDE2IEMzLjU1MjI4NDc1LDE2IDQsMTYuNDQ3NzE1MyA0LDE3IEw0LDIwIEM0LDIwLjU1MjI4NDcgNC40NDc3MTUyNSwyMSA1LDIxIEwxOSwyMSBDMTkuNTUyMjg0NywyMSAyMCwyMC41NTIyODQ3IDIwLDIwIEwyMCwxNyBDMjAsMTYuNDQ3NzE1MyAyMC40NDc3MTUzLDE2IDIxLDE2IEMyMS41NTIyODQ3LDE2IDIyLDE2LjQ0NzcxNTMgMjIsMTcgTDIyLDIwIEMyMiwyMS42NTY4NTQyIDIwLjY1Njg1NDIsMjMgMTksMjMgTDUsMjMgQzMuMzQzMTQ1NzUsMjMgMiwyMS42NTY4NTQyIDIsMjAgTDIsMTcgWiIgaWQ9InBhdGgtMSI+PC9wYXRoPgogICAgPC9kZWZzPgogICAgPGcgaWQ9IlN5bWJvbHMiIHN0cm9rZT0ibm9uZSIgc3Ryb2tlLXdpZHRoPSIxIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiBmaWxsLXJ1bGU9ImV2ZW5vZGQiPgogICAgICAgIDxnIGlkPSJTaWRlYmFycy9EZXNrdG9wL0FydGljbGUtU2lkZWJhciIgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoLTI5MS4wMDAwMDAsIC0xMzQuMDAwMDAwKSI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxnIGlkPSJEb3dubG9hZC1yZWZlcmVuY2UiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDAuMDAwMDAwLCAxMTIuMDAwMDAwKSI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8ZyBpZD0iVHlwZS1hbmQtaWNvbnMiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDIwLjAwMDAwMCwgMjEuMDAwMDAwKSI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPGcgaWQ9Ikljb25zL0Rvd25sb2FkIiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgyNjkuMDAwMDAwLCAwLjAwMDAwMCkiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8ZyBpZD0iZG93bmxvYWQiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPG1hc2sgaWQ9Im1hc2stMiIgZmlsbD0id2hpdGUiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDx1c2UgeGxpbms6aHJlZj0iI3BhdGgtMSI+PC91c2U+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8L21hc2s+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8dXNlIGlkPSJDb21iaW5lZC1TaGFwZSIgZmlsbD0iIzAwMDAwMCIgZmlsbC1ydWxlPSJub256ZXJvIiB4bGluazpocmVmPSIjcGF0aC0xIj48L3VzZT4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDxnIGlkPSJDT0xPUi8tUHJpbWFyeS1HcmVlbiIgbWFzaz0idXJsKCNtYXNrLTIpIiBmaWxsPSIjNkJBNDM5IiBmaWxsLXJ1bGU9ImV2ZW5vZGQiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDxyZWN0IGlkPSJSZWN0YW5nbGUiIHg9IjAiIHk9IjAiIHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCI+PC9yZWN0PgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPC9nPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8L2c+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPC9nPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPC9nPgogICAgICAgICAgICA8L2c+CiAgICAgICAgPC9nPgogICAgPC9nPgo8L3N2Zz4=" height="20"></a> </div> </div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-2 gvAMNw article_sticky_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-fyjhYU bmCmNg article_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-ugnQR bdNavy accordion" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__dofNav"> <span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje fEOMwM sc-iomxrj czMNsj" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-iFMziU gCiAsp">下载其他格式</年代pan><span class="sc-keVrkP hYjHxB">更多的</年代pan></span> <img alt="" class="sc-EHOje fEOMwM sc-dvCyap bivFoZ" title="" role="presentation" 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src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0iOCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxNCIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDggMTQiPjxkZWZzPjxjbGlwUGF0aCBpZD0iYSI+PHBhdGggZD0iTTcsMi40MTRsNS4yOTMsNS4yOTNhMSwxLDAsMSwwLDEuNDE0LTEuNDE0bC02LTZhMSwxLDAsMCwwLTEuNDE0LDBsLTYsNkExLDEsMCwwLDAsMS43MDcsNy43MDdaIiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSg1IDgpIi8+PC9jbGlwUGF0aD48L2RlZnM+PGcgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoLTggMTkpIHJvdGF0ZSgtOTApIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNNywyLjQxNGw1LjI5Myw1LjI5M2ExLDEsMCwxLDAsMS40MTQtMS40MTRsLTYtNmExLDEsMCwwLDAtMS40MTQsMGwtNiw2QTEsMSwwLDAsMCwxLjcwNyw3LjcwN1oiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDUgOCkiLz48ZyBjbGlwLXBhdGg9InVybCgjYSkiPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIgZmlsbD0icmdiYSgwLDAsMCwwKSIvPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIgZmlsbD0iIzZiYTQzOSIvPjwvZz48L2c+PC9zdmc+" height="14">作者</一个></l我><l我><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link editors" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/editors/" aria-label="Editors"><img alt="" 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