水密度波动与螺旋线的氢键</t我tle> <link href="//www.newsama.com/static/themes/hindawi/base.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/EOR5BK0GkVsxWG8Cyh5LP/static/lib/basictable.css" rel="stylesheet" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/EOR5BK0GkVsxWG8Cyh5LP/static/lib/owl.carousel.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/EOR5BK0GkVsxWG8Cyh5LP/static/lib/owl.theme.default.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="preload" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.bibblio.org/rcm/4.24/bib-related-content.min.css" as="style" class="next-head"> <link rel="preload" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.bibblio.org/rcm/4.24/bib-related-content.min.css" as="style" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/EOR5BK0GkVsxWG8Cyh5LP/_next/static/css/common.9559906b.chunk.css"> <link 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height="24"><span class="text">提交</年代pan></span><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored undefined icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-krDsej ewCAZX hide__submenu journalSubmenuCheck" id="journalnav__submenu"> <button class="sc-itybZL kdvWPs journalSubmenuCheck"><span class="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-fzsDOv hAFFGk journalSubmenuCheck icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span></button> </div> <div class="sc-dTdPqK lkWWFY hide__submenu journal__nav__desktop" id="journalnav__submenudesktop"> <div order="0" class="sc-kUaPvJ ehYbwJ"> <div class="sc-gPWkxV legory"></div> <div class="sc-gPWkxV legory"></div> </div> <div class="sc-jVODtj epgILe"></div> <span class="sc-fONwsr kCfRMJ"></span> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="sc-nrwXf byflLi breadcrumb__wrapper journal_article__BreadCrumbStyle-sc-12fk6zy-2 bjwAQR article"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-eitiEO jXeALb breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/" aria-label="Advances in Condensed Matter Physics">凝聚态物理的进步</一个>/<一个cl一个年代年代=”年代c-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-eitiEO jXeALb breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/contents/year/2011/" aria-label="2011">2011年</一个>/<年代pan class="sc-bhlBdH UVThf">文章</年代pan> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ThreeColumnWrapper-sc-1bf4078-0 dDyxFF threeColumnWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__LeftWrapper-sc-1bf4078-1 fkVFlF leftWrapper"> <button type="button" class="sc-eKZiaR dzZrgS section__button " id="sectionButton"><span class="sc-htoDjs diutvq icon__dots dots__detector icon-colored _3n-7Ho7DlfjMlZbrRr9Q4a icon-themeable" title="" font-size="22"></span>文章部分</gydF4y2Babutton> <div class="sc-bEjcJn jLUVhb static_contents__section_links links__hidden "> <div id="leftSectionMenu" class="sc-cbkKFq prcY sc-bGbJRg dVCLgr left_section_menu"> <p>在这一页上</gydF4y2Bap> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#abstract" aria-label="">文摘</一个></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#introduction" aria-label="">介绍</一个></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#conclusions" aria-label="">结论</一个></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#acknowledgments" aria-label="">确认</一个></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#references" aria-label="">引用</一个></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#copyright" aria-label="">版权</一个></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#related-articles" aria-label="">相关文章</一个></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ContentWrapper-sc-1bf4078-3 bbzREB contentWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__Content-sc-1bf4078-4 jknsZc content"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-0 eSvjPB article_contents"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 jntdRu article_contents__sections_wrapper"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 hAzjHP"> <div class="sc-chbbiW mBGSe article_header_class"> <p class="sc-kZmsYB bkiEfx article_type">研究文章|<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->开放获取</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="sc-RcBXQ ztvYg article_citation"> 体积<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 2011年<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</年代pan>文章的ID<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 871231年<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</年代pan> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fQejPQ duuwge" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/871231" aria-label="Doi-link">https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/871231</一个> </div> <div class="sc-LKuAh lcOiDF article_full_citation"> <div class="sc-hzNEM gsmOCv isHide"> <p>亚历山大•Shimkevich Inessa Shimkevich<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> ”<年代pan class="adjust-article-svg-size">水密度波动与螺旋线的氢键</年代pan>”,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --><i>凝聚态物理的进步</我>,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 卷。<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2011年<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 文章的ID<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->871231年<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 5<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->   页面<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 2011年<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->。<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/871231</gydF4y2Bap> </div> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iBEsjs kPshFw" color="">显示引用</gydF4y2Babutton> </div> <h1 class="sc-iRbamj jZOxOO sc-iSDuPN dULHFk article_title adjust-article-svg-size heading-title">水密度波动与螺旋线的氢键</h1gydF4y2Ba> </div> <div class="sc-jrIrqw eHMFfo article_authors"> <hr class="sc-cEvuZC XkrFe hr__author"> <span class=""><b>亚历山大Shimkevich</gydF4y2Bab><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail Option"><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-hjRWVT irNWJI icon-colored _2zt-1j0LmaF8UjTQAM413G icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a><sup>1</年代up>和</年代pan> <span class="">Inessa Shimkevich<一个cl一个年代年代=”年代c-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4956-286X" aria-label="Redirect to Doi" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje iiusBg sc-iybRtq iQSObO" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="16"></a><sup>1</年代up></span> <div class="sc-fHxwqH dMuGGA isHide"> <p><sup>1</年代up><span>先进核能系统分工,国家研究中心“Kurchatov研究所”,1 Kurchatov广场,123182年莫斯科,俄罗斯</年代pan></p> </div> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iQtOjA kfDwZY" color="">显示更多</gydF4y2Babutton> </div> <div class="articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 evMkvU"> <div class="articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 fYrLtk"> <b>学术编辑器:</gydF4y2Bab>伊凡Smalyukh</gydF4y2Badiv> <div class="articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 fjviok"> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">收到了</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年3月29日</年代pan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">修改后的</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">02年6月2011年</年代pan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">接受</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年6月10</年代pan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC isPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">发表</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年7月26日</年代pan> </div> </div> </div> <article class="sc-jtRlXQ cwITDy article_body "> <div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">文摘</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>一个自适应模型为液态水密度波动瞬间密集的螺旋线的氢键和疏的四面体的冰。该模型可以用于解释液态水结构异常包括氢键的高质量与quasitetrahedral取向nonordered液态水。这种集群的拓扑结构本质上是一个不同的水晶冰。从这个,只有这一点来看,液态水可以视为两个结构性流体动态形成集群的两种拓扑由于凝聚态密度波动。dense-water-part集群的另一个特点是质子的螺旋订购,可以实现相干振动。一系列光谱等确定振动的分子数的函数到螺旋集群。</gydF4y2Bap> <span class="end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction">1。介绍</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>虽然液态水在我们周围,我们仍然不理解它的行为在微观层面上。其动态氢键(HB)结构几十年来一直激烈争论的话题。冰的HB结构形成一个紧密的四面体晶格水分子的每个绑定到其他四人。的主流模型认为液态水分子通常放松控制但仍安排在同一个四面体组织(<一个href="#B1">1</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>然而,大部分的水分子在液体中被发现在高密度区域<一个href="#B2">2</一个>]。分子的结构和国家在这些地区被发现通过x射线发射光谱学(换成)和x光拉曼光谱(XRS BL6-2)技术可以分析电子态的分子。研究人员发现,分子高密度地区形成一个不对称的无序结构提出一些岛屿四面体秩序。这项新的研究是需要某种形式的二级结构。液体水的密度越大意味着分子比简单的四面体更密集的冰(<一个href="#B3a">3</一个>,<一个href="#B3b">4</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>结论,占主导地位的一部分水分子在液体中非常不对称氢保税只有两个定义良好的H债券(一个捐赠,一个接受)在接受一个强烈的对比的图片四quasitetrahedral H债券。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>最近,还x射线发射光谱学(换成)是应用于高分辨率的液态水(<一个href="#B4">5</一个>),到了相似的结论(<一个href="#B1">1</一个>,<一个href="#B2">2</一个>]。他们解释观察到的孤对国家分裂成两个尖锐特征作为证据双峰分布的局部结构的液体:强烈四面体或高度无序,互换不连续地温度。小角x射线散射(粉煤灰)的研究中,他们发现的证据在长度范围内密度不均匀性的1 - 2海里表明两个组件是在空间上分开的时间尺度的实验(<一个href="#B3a">3</一个>,<一个href="#B3b">4</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>微观结构的争论液态水坑新模式涉及水分子在一个相对稳定的“rings-and-chains”结构在标准模型,认为在扭曲的四面体配位水分子。分析(<一个href="#B5">6</一个>)和分子动力学(MD)模拟(<一个href="#B6a">7</一个>,<一个href="#B6b">8</一个>)——古典和<我>从头开始</我>几乎一致支持标准模型。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>同时,众所周知,液体是分歧的集群的拓扑结构密度波动几乎正常德劳内单形(四面体)建立在密集的粒子和连接的4对面孔的四面体伯纳尔链(<一个href="#B7">9</一个>,<一个href="#B8">10</一个>]。Voronoi-Delaunay方法用于分析原子无序系统的配置。出版物的审查在这个问题上提出了专著[<一个href="#B9">11</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>对于识别液体的密度结构,选择那些有一个四面体的德劳内单形因子超过或等于给定的一些,<年代vg height="14.6" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:46.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 46.5 14.6" width="46.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> К</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.32,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.14,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>(约定标准)。然后,可以构建MD模型中的液体组成原子团和调查其稠密部分结构通过选择定期细分的各种单形的快照医学细胞(<一个href="#B8">10</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B11">13</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>相反,一个拓扑标准提供(<一个href="#B11">13</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B13">16</一个>]准确寻找atomic-ensemble密集部分的单形(严格的标准)定义了稠密部分单形的总长度最大的边缘的四面体集群医学细胞。然后,一个人可以得到这些集群的数据不同的液体。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>这些数据可以用于创建一个集群的分析模型计算统计配置任何凝聚态和熵估计其热力学性质只使用一对潜力的粒子(<一个href="#B14">17</一个>和分析水的微观结构特性<一个href="#B15">18</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="same-structural-features-of-the-liquid-water">2。同样的液态水的结构特点</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>精确的实验技术来确定当地的液态水的结构缺乏因为每个水分子经历了一个快速重排(在飞秒)。需要更好地理解液态水在微观层面迫使发展中计算方法,描述了个体和合作的水分子的结构和动态。很多调查都使用这些技术。他们表明,本地HB-ordered集群的水分子形成和破碎的不间断(<一个href="#B16">19</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>医学研究密度波动的液态水显示<一个href="#B15">18</一个>),低密度tetrahedral-ordered冰地区高除以密度四面体集群成为网状结构(见图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>)。很明显,这些稠密部分集群的水由于氢键密度波动更为复杂。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig1"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="871231.fig.001" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acmp/volume-2011/871231/figures/871231.fig.001.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图1</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 水的密度集群在MD模型在300 K和帧(破碎的红线);蓝色的点是分子和红点中心集群的四面体。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="helical-model-for-the-dense-part-of-liquid-water">3所示。螺旋模型密度液态水的一部分</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>可以看出,水分子有足够的时间为重建氢键在茂密的一部分水密度波动由于振动和旋转速度。从这一点,我们将构建一个四面体模型的集群提供的密集液态水的一部分,每个水分子在这种集群与集群三个分子的氢结合,所有这些债券之间的角度是相等的。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>原来这样的集群代表“纳米”这个管的水分子和几何参数的严格定义。为了说明,图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>显示了一个角的转变,<年代vg height="9.9375" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 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transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.75,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)二等粒子的相对坐标(<年代vg height="13.9125" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:14.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8125 13.9125" width="14.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.87)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.637501" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:13.975px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.975 16.637501" width="13.975" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.75,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)定义为一流的粒子<年代pan class="equation" id="eq1"> <svg height="230.8875" id="M7" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 230.8875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,230.8875)"> <g transform="translate(72,112.71)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.19,28.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-6.3265181" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.96,33.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1499996"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.67,28.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∶</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8599997" y="-27.940001"> ⎧</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8599997" y="-19.1"> ⎪</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8599997" y="-7.96"> ⎪</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8599997" y="3.1800001"> ⎨</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8599997" y="14.33"> ⎪</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8599997" y="25.469999"> ⎪</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8599997" y="34.25"> ⎩</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.860001" y="-27.299999"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.41,61.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1499996"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.13,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.304392" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.6689" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.22023" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.471729" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.509998" y="4.9200001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.248878" y="4.9200001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.799999" y="-7.25"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.051498" y="-7.25"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 227.93,59.37 13.86,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.73,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.349998" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.040001" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.810001" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-81.199997" y="23.4"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.03" y="-8.7600002"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.37022" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.74,29.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1499996"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.45,24.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.304392" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.6689" y="0"> 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style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-78.449997" y="18.620001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.03" y="-8.7600002"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.37022" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.77,1.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.49,-3.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0"> ▵</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.508041" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.284664" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-60.349998" y="64.540001"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-66.676521" y="64.540001"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,103.9,-62.83)"> 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style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1499996"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.4,-64.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.304392" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.6689" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.532566" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.0084" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.43" y="4.9200001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.168877" y="4.9200001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.73" y="-7.25"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.981499" y="-7.25"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 205.13,-61.49 13.85,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.93,-73.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.349998" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.279999" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-78.449997" y="27.790001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.03" y="-8.75"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.37022" y="-8.75"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.029999" y="-8.75"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.582291" y="-8.75"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.922512" y="-8.75"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.72,-96.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1499996"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.44,-101.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.68" y="6.4499998"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0"> ▵</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.495537" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.060333" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.400555" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 220.18,-82.31 83.03,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.18,-101.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0146627" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.618887" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.08,-97.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.95,-101.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.863667" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,272.54,-97.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.5,-106.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5600004" y="-13.27"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 288.06,-98.03 6.35,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.11,-109.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.1" y="-8.75"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="186.00999" y="-86.43"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="190.17349" y="-86.43"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="196.425" y="-86.43"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>我们获得一个氢键的螺旋半径,<年代vg height="9.875" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 9.875" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在HB距离的单位,<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.1750002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>;<年代vg height="8.7624998" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.775px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.775 8.7624998" width="14.775" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,8.7625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.99)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,65.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ▵</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>螺旋轴的变化值(“<年代vg height="7.375" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:7.9250002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9250002 7.375" width="7.9250002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>”)以下的一流的粒子在同一单位;<年代vg height="13.425" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是一流的粒子的角校正平面上(<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="9.8625002" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>);<年代vg height="9.9375" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0625 9.9375" width="8.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>的角度转变是二等粒子投影在平面上(<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="9.8625002" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>相对于一流的(见图)<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>与相同的索引),<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig2"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="871231.fig.002" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acmp/volume-2011/871231/figures/871231.fig.002.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图2</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/fig2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="9.9375" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0625 9.9375" width="8.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="13.9125" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8125 13.9125" width="14.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.87)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="17.174999" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-2.7337pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.0375 17.174999" width="14.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> y</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.7,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="13.9125" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8125 13.9125" width="14.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.87)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="16.637501" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.975 16.637501" width="13.975" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.75,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> 角变化的图,gydF4y2Ba坐标(gydF4y2Ba,)gydF4y2Ba二等粒子的相对坐标(gydF4y2Ba,)gydF4y2Ba一流的粒子。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>这些参数定义的假设下螺旋边缘平等最近的水分子的氧原子之间的距离:<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.1750002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>=<年代vg height="19.1625" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-4.32487pt;width:62.849998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 62.849998 19.1625" width="62.849998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.67)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.8271179" y="0"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.5006001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.35,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.33,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.679241" y="0"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.352724" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39.88,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="9.21"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="9.21"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-24.27,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>=<年代vg height="19.487499" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-4.58821pt;width:75.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 75.8125 19.487499" width="75.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.8271179" y="0"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.5006001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.35,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="9.21"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="9.21"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-45.96,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.679241" y="0"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.352724" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-29.51,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="9.21"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="9.21"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-13.9,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>以及它们之间的角度:<年代pan class="equation" id="eq2"> <svg height="116.0875" id="M27" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 116.0875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,116.0875)"> <g transform="translate(72,20.87)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.31,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.551332" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.802832" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.741997" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,131.12,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.46,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="4.9200001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.049999" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 160.06,59.37 11.15,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.06,47.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.34,50.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.41,51.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6800003" y="-2.4000001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.870001" y="-4.9200001"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.543482" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.05,61.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1499996"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.07,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.666739" y="0"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.51,61.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="9.2200003"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.12,53.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9269018" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.129999" y="-2.52"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.790979" y="-2.52"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.01,61.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="9.2200003"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="9.2200003"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,270.4,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.679241" y="0"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.352724" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,286.85,61.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="9.2200003"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,302.46,53.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.52"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-186.77" y="31.4"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-181.21867" y="31.4"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-174.96716" y="31.4"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-168.028" y="31.4"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.49,19.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.83,22.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="4.9200001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.049999" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 170.43,25.46 11.15,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.43,13.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.71,16.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.78,17.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6800003" y="-2.4100001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.870001" y="-4.9200001"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.543482" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.42,27.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.44,22.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.666739" y="0"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.88,27.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.12,19.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9269018" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.129999" y="-2.51"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.790979" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.01,27.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="9.21"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="9.21"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,270.4,22.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.679241" y="0"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.352724" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,286.85,27.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.09,19.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-191.96001" y="31.4"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-186.40866" y="31.4"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-180.15717" y="31.4"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-173.218" y="31.4"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.93,-14.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.28,-11.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="4.9200001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.040001" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 154.88,-8.45 11.15,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.88,-20.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.15,-17.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.22,-16.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6899996" y="-2.4100001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.879999" y="-4.9200001"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.540979" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.86,-6.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="9.2200003"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="9.2200003"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.25,-11.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.679241" y="0"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.352724" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.7,-6.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="9.2200003"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="9.2200003"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.31,-14.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9269018" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.120001" y="-2.51"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.793482" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.2,-6.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="9.2200003"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,275.59,-11.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.679241" y="0"> ⃗</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.352724" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.03,-6.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="9.2200003"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="9.2200003"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,307.65,-14.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="166.47" y="-36.529999"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="170.6335" y="-36.529999"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="176.88499" y="-36.529999"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>从平等的角度,<年代vg height="10.925" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:15.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.0375 10.925" width="15.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.9,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="10.925" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:15.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.0375 10.925" width="15.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.9,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="11.075" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:15.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.0375 11.075" width="15.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.9,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,注意<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:8.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.9375 7.1750002" width="8.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="7.5999999" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:15.175px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.175 7.5999999" width="15.175" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-65.92)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≡</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="13.7375" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:48.162498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 48.162498 13.7375" width="48.162498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5893211" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.065155" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.104824" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.445045" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,一个人可以获得四个独立方程组为定义的参数:<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:8.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.9375 7.1750002" width="8.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="9.9375" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0625 9.9375" width="8.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="11.625" id="M36" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:30.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 30.8375 11.625" width="30.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,65.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ▵</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.715311" y="0"> и</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>:<年代pan class="equation" id="eq3"> <svg height="335.42499" id="M37" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 335.42499" width="700.9375" 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▵</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 121.98,-121.84 83.03,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,121.98,-141.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.618887" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.88,-137.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.76,-141.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.863667" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.35,-137.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.31,-146.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5600004" y="-13.28"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 189.87,-138.21 6.35,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.92,-150.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4899998" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-97.18" y="21.98"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-85.839783" y="21.98"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.36,-167.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.32,-172.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.389999" y="20.469999"> ]</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="85.639999" y="20.43"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1599998" y="-0.039999999"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7113323" y="-0.039999999"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.962832" y="-0.039999999"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.901997" y="-0.039999999"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.153498" y="-0.039999999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.980854" y="-0.039999999"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.33358" y="-0.039999999"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.884911" y="-0.039999999"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.13641" y="-0.039999999"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.075577" y="-0.039999999"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.32708" y="-0.039999999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="85.154434" y="-0.039999999"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="96.507156" y="-0.039999999"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.05849" y="-0.039999999"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.30999" y="-0.039999999"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="115.24915" y="-0.039999999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="124.38885" y="-0.039999999"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="135.72906" y="-0.039999999"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="144.05606" y="-0.039999999"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="148.91974" y="-0.039999999"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.39557" y="-0.039999999"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="160.73506" y="-0.039999999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="169.87476" y="-0.039999999"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="174.73843" y="-0.039999999"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="178.21426" y="-0.039999999"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="188.62926" y="-0.039999999"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="192.79276" y="-0.039999999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="202.62012" y="-0.039999999"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="213.97284" y="-0.039999999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="220.32437" y="-0.039999999"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8099999" y="20.43"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.450052" y="20.43"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.001385" y="20.43"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.252886" y="20.43"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.280052" y="20.43"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.44355" y="20.43"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.695049" y="20.43"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.522408" y="20.43"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.87513" y="20.43"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.226654" y="20.43"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="356.79999" y="-106.81"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="360.9635" y="-106.81"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="367.215" y="-106.81"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>这个任务的解决方案<年代vg height="9.9375" id="M38" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0625 9.9375" width="8.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="9.875" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 9.875" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>的函数<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M40" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:8.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.9375 7.1750002" width="8.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="10.6625" id="M41" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.4125 10.6625" width="11.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.47)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是<年代vg height="14.2" id="M42" style="vertical-align:-2.7337pt;width:314.60001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 314.60001 14.2" width="314.60001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.64)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> g</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.890833" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.054333" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.881689" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.221912" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.573437" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.736935" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.212769" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.464268" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="67.1036" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.131485" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.294983" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.858818" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="95.110321" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="104.13749" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="113.96484" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="125.30507" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="130.8564" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="137.10789" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="146.14757" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.39906" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="159.45076" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="163.61426" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="167.09009" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="171.25359" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="176.11726" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="179.59309" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="187.92009" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="194.17159" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="204.01144" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="215.35167" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="223.67867" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="228.54234" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.01817" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="240.35767" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="247.40936" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="16.637501" id="M43" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:199.72501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 199.72501 16.637501" width="199.72501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.33,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.455387" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.931223" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.18272" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.50972" y="0"> ▵</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-5.09,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-0.22,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.190665" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.442165" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.469332" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.296688" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.649414" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.200745" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.452244" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.479408" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.730911" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.7826" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。然后,对于<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M44" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:8.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.9375 7.1750002" width="8.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,我们有<年代vg height="11.45" id="M45" style="vertical-align:-0.51414pt;width:255.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 255.1875 11.45" width="255.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.84)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7148314" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.00672" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.346222" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.897552" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.149052" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.17622" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.427719" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.255074" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.595299" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.846802" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.186302" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="104.73763" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="110.98913" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="120.0288" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.2803" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.10765" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="147.44788" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="155.78738" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="161.33871" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="167.59021" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="176.61737" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="186.44473" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="197.78496" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>一个真正的解决方案,<年代vg height="10.9125" id="M46" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:74.349998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 74.349998 10.9125" width="74.349998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.551332" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.802832" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.829998" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.357525" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.38541" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.636909" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.112743" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。从这里,我们获取<年代vg height="13.8625" id="M47" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:155.78751px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 155.78751 13.8625" width="155.78751" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.91)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.440005" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.480394" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.731894" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.983395" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.109142" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.360645" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.612144" y="0"> 9</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.863644" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.115143" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.366646" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,3.68,68.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∘</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,10.71,63.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≈</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.88121" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.357044" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.608543" y="0"> 9</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="13.8" id="M48" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:89.099998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 89.099998 13.8" width="89.099998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.8)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.96)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.551332" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.802832" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.829998" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.657356" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.685242" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.936741" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.188244" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.664078" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.915573" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="20.4125" id="M49" style="vertical-align:-2.6961pt;width:84.275002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 84.275002 20.4125" width="84.275002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.4125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.67)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,58.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.959999" y="-0.55000001"> √</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ▵</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.191145" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.231533" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.483032" y="0"> /</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m -23.38,70.71 18.75,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-23.38,58.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> 9</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.503" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="20.4125" id="M50" style="vertical-align:-2.6961pt;width:85.275002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 85.275002 20.4125" width="85.275002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.4125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.67)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,58.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.77" y="-0.55000001"> √</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.031727" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.283226" y="0"> /</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m -22.58,70.71 18.75,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-22.58,58.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> 9</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.503" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>使用这些参数,很容易找到的价值<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M51" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:115.125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 115.125 14.7125" width="115.125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.551332" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.802832" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.829998" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.06,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-33.2,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.755939" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.007441" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.258942" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.734776" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.986275" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>这给了<年代vg height="14.975" id="M52" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:79.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 79.787498 14.975" width="79.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.9,60.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.21,63.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.543388" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.794889" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.920639" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.172138" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.78,68.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∘</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>现在,可以估计一个提供的水分子进入螺旋填料因子,所有粒子半径的圆柱体<年代vg height="13.7375" id="M53" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:45.162498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 45.162498 13.7375" width="45.162498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0521717" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.392393" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.643892" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.769644" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,也就是说,当粒子形成螺旋完全属于它。然后,我们评估这个因素的底部<年代vg height="18.85" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-3.75827pt;width:256.13751px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 256.13751 18.85" width="256.13751" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.85)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.92)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.7,57.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> h</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.2618876" y="0"> l</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.128" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-40.06,60.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≥</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.618887" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.347179" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.850903" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.102402" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.2659" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.741737" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.994194" y="0"> ▵</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="91.722008" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.32383" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="103.48733" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.53951" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="123.87972" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="130.13123" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="133.25697" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="139.50847" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,103.62,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8699999" y="8.9700003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.075168" y="8.9700003"> →</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="20.632353" y="8.9700003"> ∞</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="17.025" id="M55" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:179.7375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 179.7375 17.025" width="179.7375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.38)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.832878" y="0"> ▵</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.560692" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.72419" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.776363" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.116585" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.368088" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.493835" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.745331" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,16.97,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,33.65,60.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.455387" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.581139" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.832638" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>在使用冰立方模型图所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/fig3/" target="_blank">3</一个>,很容易估计其包装因素水分子。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig3"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig3"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="871231.fig.003" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acmp/volume-2011/871231/figures/871231.fig.003.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图3</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/fig3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 冰立方模型。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>基本单元格包含7.5分子的水冰。这种细胞的边缘长度等于<年代vg height="20.4125" id="M56" style="vertical-align:-2.64594pt;width:34.599998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.599998 20.4125" width="34.599998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.4125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.67)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,58.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7299995" y="-0.60000002"> √</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> /</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m -50.62,70.71 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-50.62,58.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>每分子间距离的单位。从这里,我们会发现<年代vg height="24.424999" id="M57" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:163.175px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 163.175 24.424999" width="163.175" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,24.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-52.46)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.78,55.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.53,52.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> e</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-47.35,55.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.83" y="-0.61000001"> √</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.405136" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.656635" y="0"> (</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m -3.92,68.08 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-3.92,55.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.978834" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,16.22,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,24.57,55.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.405136" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.656635" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>人能估计一个卷部分<年代vg height="10.6875" id="M58" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.75 10.6875" width="11.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.45)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Ω</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>螺旋集群的稠密液体水的一部分<年代vg height="13.575" id="M59" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:273.83749px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 273.83749 13.575" width="273.83749" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.268084" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.47197" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.635471" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.886971" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.012718" y="0"> 9</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.264221" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.515717" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.991554" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.243057" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.368805" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.6203" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.871803" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="95.035301" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.198799" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="105.4503" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.57605" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.82755" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="123.15455" y="0"> Ω</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="139.40845" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="154.92467" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="161.17618" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="164.30193" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="170.55342" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="176.80492" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="180.96843" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="189.99559" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="201.33582" y="0"> Ω</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="210.63805" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="214.80154" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,考虑到冰的密度等于0.92克/厘米<年代up>3</年代up>水一个= 1.0克/厘米<年代up>3</年代up>在4°C。从这里,我们得到一个上界的这部分螺旋集群<年代vg height="13.6375" id="M60" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:216.78751px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 216.78751 13.6375" width="216.78751" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.09)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Ω</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.765563" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.805952" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.969452" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.220951" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.346703" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.598202" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.849701" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.325535" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.577034" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.702785" y="0"> 9</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.954285" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.205788" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.369286" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.532784" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.784286" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.910034" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="100.16153" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.41303" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="109.88887" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="116.14037" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="119.26611" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="125.51762" y="0"> 9</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="131.76912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="139.40845" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="151.44884" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="157.70033" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="160.8261" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="167.07759" y="0"> 9</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>这些集群拥有更高的分子密度提供,原则上,四为每个水分子氢键:三是内部和外部连接一个是冰微晶密度较小。然而,如果质子下令在螺旋(见图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>),会出现共振振动的质子流螺旋集群的一枚硬币。一个人可以估计这些振动的频率。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig4"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig4"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="871231.fig.004" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acmp/volume-2011/871231/figures/871231.fig.004.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图4</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/fig4/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="7.1624999" id="M61" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="9.8625002" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> 密集的部分水密度波动与连贯的氧原子之间的质子(红色球)交换(蓝色球)沿着螺旋氢键(黑线)和HB桥梁(粉色球);氧原子的预测(,gygygydF4y2BadF4y2BadF4y2Ba飞机是用数字。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="evaluating-resonance-frequencies-of-the--coherent-proton-vibrations">4所示。评价质子共振频率的相干振动</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>一个假设所有质子的运动螺旋电路(硬币),如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>是同步的;即质子同步振动而密集的螺旋群氢键液体水的一部分。这个假说是基于氢键链中质子极化率异常由于集体质子运动(<一个href="#B17">20.</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B19">22</一个>]。另一个基础是电磁诱导集体质子运动(<一个href="#B20">23</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>等描述一致的振动,我们可以用方程(<一个href="#B21">24</一个>]:<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq1"> <svg height="36.275002" id="M63" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 36.275002" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,36.275)"> <g transform="translate(72,-42.98)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.96,59.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 159.74,55.79 10.69,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.74,43.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.55,46.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.62,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.05" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.95,60.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 181.67,55.79 18.5,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.2,43.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.77,46.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.15,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.139999" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 216.68,55.79 15.45,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,216.68,43.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.0514522" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.110001" y="-8.75"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.150391" y="-8.75"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.40189" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="257.44" y="-8.75"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="261.60349" y="-8.75"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="267.85501" y="-8.75"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>修改重量子粒子的振荡隧道(质子)通过势垒<一个href="#B22">25</一个>与渗透率),<年代vg height="10.325" id="M64" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:12.7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.7 10.325" width="12.7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>:<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq2"> <svg height="39.662498" id="M65" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 39.662498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,39.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-40.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.92,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.8,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 152.77,55.79 23.96,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.77,43.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.65,40.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.04,43.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.86,46.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.93,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.04" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.37,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.25,60.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 187.97,55.79 18.51,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.5,43.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.07,46.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.45,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.41737" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 222.99,55.79 16.1,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.32,43.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.0514522" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.440001" y="-8.75"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.467888" y="-8.75"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.719387" y="-8.75"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="250.8" y="-8.75"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="254.9635" y="-8.75"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="261.215" y="-8.75"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在这里,<年代vg height="12.925" id="M66" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:17.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.1875 12.925" width="17.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.66)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="11.05" id="M67" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:16.7125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.7125 11.05" width="16.7125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>分别是,质子和电子的质量<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M68" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.3874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.3874998 7.1875" width="7.3874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是光的速度<年代vg height="10.325" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1875 10.325" width="11.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>闭合电路的自感吗<年代vg height="10.6125" id="M70" style="vertical-align:-0.15048pt;width:11.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.8625 10.6125" width="11.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>其电容量和吗<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M71" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.6875 7.1875" width="7.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是介电透水性。一个解决方案(<一个href="#EEq2">5</一个>)提出了电磁波的频率<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq3"> <svg height="30.025" id="M72" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 30.025" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,30.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-47.98)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.46,56.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.6" y="4.4200001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.780226" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 186.27,70.71 64.57,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.27,56.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.15,53.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> e</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.54,56.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8773699" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.353204" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.404655" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.82,53.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.6,56.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.8521242" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.229374" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.705208" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.956709" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.558533" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="241.52" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="245.6835" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="251.935" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>定义它的价值,我们将估计的参数(<一个href="#EEq2">5</一个>)。众所周知,<年代vg height="16.6" id="M73" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:38.125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.125 16.6" width="38.125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.07,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.3,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-45.94,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>~ 1836年<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.6875 7.1875" width="7.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>~ 80年<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M75" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.3874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.3874998 7.1875" width="7.3874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>~ 3·10<年代up>10</年代up>cm / s。从定义<年代vg height="10.325" id="M76" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1875 10.325" width="11.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="10.6125" id="M77" style="vertical-align:-0.15048pt;width:11.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.8625 10.6125" width="11.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在[<一个href="#B21">24</一个>),他们可以将一个给定的任务<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq4"> <svg height="48.887501" id="M78" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 48.887501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,48.8875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-32.89)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.04,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.315455" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.355844" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.957668" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.55,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.43,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.71,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.58,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.35,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.22,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4517879" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-81.279999" y="23.530001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-69.427155" y="23.530001"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-57.386768" y="23.530001"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.94,34.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> w</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.76,37.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.79" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.9759541" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4517879" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.639999" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.80518" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.321404" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.18,34.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> w</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254,34.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.51"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="220.12" y="-14.33"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.28349" y="-14.33"> 7</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.535" y="-14.33"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在这里,一个= 2.82<年代vg height="15.15" id="M79" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.4125 15.15" width="11.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.15)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.88)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="19.200001" id="M80" style="vertical-align:-3.25792pt;width:75.650002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 75.650002 19.200001" width="75.650002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.2)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.64)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.85,56.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> w</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.56,59.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.405136" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.656635" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.996136" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>水分子的平均半径,<年代vg height="10.8125" id="M81" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:50.474998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 50.474998 10.8125" width="50.474998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4392848" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.479673" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.693665" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.244997" y="0"> Δ</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="7.1374998" id="M82" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是水分子的数量在螺旋集群(参见图吗<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>),<年代vg height="10.325" id="M83" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8375 10.325" width="14.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>线圈是硬币的数量约等于<年代vg height="11.0375" id="M84" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:20.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.049999 11.0375" width="20.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6898251" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。的一种表达<年代vg height="10.325" id="M85" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:12.7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.7 10.325" width="12.7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在获得<一个href="#B23">26</一个>]<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq6"> <svg height="53.787498" id="M86" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 53.787498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,53.7875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-28.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,111.73,45.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.549999" y="9.7399998"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.340701" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.82" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.834663" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.380001" y="-10.58"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.243668" y="-10.58"> h</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.23,60.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.19,53.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.52"> Λ</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.627106" y="-2.52"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.59,52.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.47,53.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.78" y="-2.52"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9269018" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.03,60.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,243.68,55.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.50372" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.97,60.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,270.85,53.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,276.7,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 171.11,48.24 110.46,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.57,34.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.59,39.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.47,34.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.25,39.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,282.77,35.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,291.03,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,301.9,45.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="172.22" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="176.3835" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="182.63499" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="20.4125" id="M87" style="vertical-align:-4.92886pt;width:282.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 282.5 20.4125" width="282.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.4125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.67)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.17,57.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.66,60.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="1.6799999"> √</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m -29.02,70.71 27.55,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-29.02,60.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-13.89,57.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-9.11,60.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> E</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.115167" y="0"> ℏ</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.354404" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.719151" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,25.4,57.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,37.91,60.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="1.6799999"> √</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 61.55,70.71 63.53,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,61.55,60.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,76.68,57.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,81.46,60.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> U</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,94.65,57.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,101.94,60.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> E</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.967051" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.13055" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.606384" y="0"> ℏ</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.845619" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.22287" y="0"> Λ</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>等于共价键和氢键的长度差异,也就是说,<年代vg height="10.6625" id="M88" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1 10.6625" width="11.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.47)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Λ</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>= 0.84<年代vg height="15.15" id="M89" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.4125 15.15" width="11.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.15)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.88)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="17.887501" id="M90" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:160.6125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 160.6125 17.887501" width="160.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.8875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.316654" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.520542" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.65,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-24.71,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.339981" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.380369" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.63187" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.75762" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.009121" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.036285" y="0"> ⋅</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.38781" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.639309" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,41.19,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.37112" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>J,<年代vg height="18.012501" id="M91" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:109.6125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 109.6125 18.012501" width="109.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.59)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.14,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.16,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.417639" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.66914" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.696304" y="0"> ⋅</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.047829" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.299328" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,0.4,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.37112" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>J,能量差四分之一的共价键和氢键,<年代vg height="14.475" id="M92" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:17.275px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.275 14.475" width="17.275" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.17,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>玻耳兹曼常量,<年代vg height="10.325" id="M93" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.225 10.325" width="11.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>绝对温度。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>在用这些值公式(<一个href="#EEq6">8</一个>),我们应当取得<年代vg height="14.2" id="M94" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:92.025002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 92.025002 14.2" width="92.025002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.64)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.340701" y="0"> ∼</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.38109" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.632589" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.758339" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.785507" y="0"> ⋅</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.137032" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.388531" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-9.3,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>最后,从(<一个href="#EEq3">6</一个>),我们发现一系列谱的相干振动的质子的螺旋集群密度液态水的一部分:<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq7"> <svg height="39" id="M95" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 39" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,39)"> <g transform="translate(72,-40.8)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.02,49.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.490002" y="-9.25"> √</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7398367" y="0"> ∼</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.98" y="-8.6099997"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.231501" y="-8.6099997"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 199.11,70.71 26.59,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.11,58.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.9896574" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.329878" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 175,52.83 50.7,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.24,40.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.74" y="-8.7200003"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.119999" y="-8.7200003"> ]</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.900002" y="-8.7600002"> T</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.539333" y="-8.7600002"> H</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.566498" y="-8.7600002"> z</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.360001" y="-8.7600002"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="276.88" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="281.04349" y="-8.7600002"> 9</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="287.29501" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>为<年代vg height="12.425" id="M96" style="vertical-align:-1.29163pt;width:35.099998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.099998 12.425" width="35.099998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6773224" y="0"> ≥</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.71771" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。然后,我们将得到的光谱吸收模式一致的振动质子(表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>)。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab1"> <table class="table-group" id="tab1"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="left" rowspan="2"><span style="width: 7.8874998px;"> <svg height="7.1374998" id="M98" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">光谱模式</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center" rowspan="2"><span style="width: 7.8874998px;"> <svg height="7.1374998" id="M99" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center" colspan="2">光谱模式</tgydF4y2Bad> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="center">太赫兹</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">厘米<年代up>−1</年代up></td> <td align="center">太赫兹</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">厘米<年代up>−1</年代up></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">6</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">8.2</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">273年</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">20.</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">4.8</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">160年</tgydF4y2Bad> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">10</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">6.6</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">220年</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">25</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">4.3</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">144年</tgydF4y2Bad> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">15</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">5.5</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">183年</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">30.</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">3所示。9</tgydF4y2Bad> <td align="center">132年</tgydF4y2Bad> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="6"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表1</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acmp/2011/871231/tab1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 质子光谱吸收模式的相干振动螺旋的水分子数的函数,<年代vg height="7.1374998" id="M97" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</gydF4y2Badiv> </div> </div> <h4 id="discussion-of-results">5。讨论的结果</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>密集的液态水的拓扑部分螺旋线的氢键不同于一个四面体晶体冰集群作为一个无处稠密的液态水的一部分。因此,一个人可以说说水作为两个结构性液体虽然统计有意义,因为这是一个动态的区别只有密度波动等集群产生和消失的液态水。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>同时,尽可能一致的质子共振频率的振动由外部影响可以有选择地放大一些模式,因此,加强水微观不均一性远离平衡。在这一点上,研究电磁吸收光谱在感兴趣的频率范围可以为揭示谱线(<一个href="#EEq7">9</一个>),为寻找一种可能的技术控制液体水的微观结构。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>此外,任何添加剂可以集中在预期的分歧的两个动态结构边界的水溶液,反过来,会导致fluctuation-induced集群和杂质(<一个href="#B23">26</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>因此,氢键的螺旋水密度波动和高的质子共振流动性作为化学反应的催化刺激器可以创建模板构建大分子和生物系统的结构模块。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="conclusions">6。结论</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>氢键螺旋模型是建立在密集的部分液态水密度波动。这个模型可以提供高质量的四面体氢键nonordered液体密度矩阵和解释异常的液态水。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>这种螺旋集群的拓扑结构本质上是一个不同的水晶冰。从这个,只有这个角度看,液态水可以被视为两个结构性液体因为这种集群的形成和衰减动态特征和水密度波动的自然结果。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>这些集群的其他有趣的功能是可能的螺旋订购质子在他们可以有一致的振动。定义一系列光谱的共振。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="acknowledgments">确认</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>作者很高兴承认a s Kolokol博士给一些水分子动态模拟数据结构和讨论这项工作由俄罗斯支持基础研究的基础(RFBR)(批准号10 - 08 - 00217 - a)。</gydF4y2Bap> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="references" id="references">引用</h4gydF4y2Ba> <ol> <li id="B1">黄c . k . t . 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Shimkevich<我>设计核反应堆材料的组成原则</我>:n . Ponomarev-Stepnoi Ed IzdAt,莫斯科,俄罗斯,2008年。<年代pan class="reflinks"></span></li> </ol> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="copyright" id="copyright">版权</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>版权©2011亚历山大Shimkevich Inessa Shimkevich。这是一个开放的分布式下文章<一个rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">知识共享归属许可</一个>,它允许无限制的使用、分配和复制在任何媒介,提供最初的工作是正确引用。</gydF4y2Bap> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div id="related-articles" class="biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 eyHfWh journal_article__BiblioIntegratorWidget-sc-12fk6zy-5 dbAANp article_widget biblioWrapper hide"> <hr> <h4 class="biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 becpDt hrTitleRef">更多相关文章</h4gydF4y2Ba>对本文没有相关内容可用。<gydF4y2Badiv id="biblio_widget" class="biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 qBdVJ"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__RightWrapper-sc-1bf4078-2 jzTMLK rightWrapper" id="rightSectionMenu"> <div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyTopToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-0 gbrQxi article_sticky_top_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cBdUnI 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height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">下载其他格式</年代pan><span class="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">更多的</年代pan></span> <span class="sc-htoDjs bMdQcY sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="11"></span> </div> <div class="sc-fnwBNb etzuBr"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-iNhVCk gWgCNb open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/acmp/2011/871231.epub" aria-label="ePub" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-eAKXzc WHkfb"> ePub</gydF4y2Badiv><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" 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height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">订单打印副本</年代pan><span class="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">订单</年代pan></span><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL right__icon icon-colored _32KP5uexH-Bgs7Kj8Gk1Tz icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-hBbWxd kdRRST"> <div class="sc-dyGzUR cHatnS"> <div> 的观点<年代pan>950年</年代pan> </div> <div> 下载<年代pan>1065年</年代pan> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sc-drKuOJ kxdGAZ"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1155/2011/871231" data-style="small_circle"></span>引用</gydF4y2Badiv> </div> </div> <nav class="sc-bRBYWo fXBKFa sc-hUfwpO jHPgUP" id="toolbar__iconNav"> <h3 class="sc-Rmtcm hNPrIr">分享文章</h3gydF4y2Ba> <ul class="sc-hzDkRC bnbfTS"> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/871231&via=Hindawi" aria-label="Sharing on Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialTwitter" title="" 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