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.expand_btn{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;margin-top:10px;min-width:55px;display:none;} @media (min-width:768px){.iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .expand_btn{display:none;}} .iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{-webkit-flex:9;-ms-flex:9;flex:9;text-align:left;padding:21px 37px 10px 0px;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;} @media (min-width:768px){.iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 18px 10px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 21px 10px 21px;}} .iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0iMjAiIGhlaWdodD0iMjAiIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAyMCAyMCI+PGRlZnM+PGNsaXBQYXRoIGlkPSJhIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNMywyMGEzLDMsMCwwLDEtMy0zVjZBMywzLDAsMCwxLDMsM0g5QTEsMSwwLDAsMSw5LDVIM0ExLDEsMCwwLDAsMiw2VjE3YTEsMSwwLDAsMCwxLDFIMTRhMSwxLDAsMCwwLDEtMVYxMWExLDEsMCwxLDEsMiwwdjZhMywzLDAsMCwxLTMsM1ptNC4yOTMtNy4yOTNhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDAtMS40MTRMMTYuNTg1LDJIMTNhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDAtMmg2YTEsMSwwLDAsMSwuNC4wODJoMGwuMDE4LjAwOC4wMDgsMEwxOS40MzguMWwuMDE0LjAwNy4wMDYsMCwuMDE5LjAxaDBBMSwxLDAsMCwxLDIwLDEuMDI4VjdhMSwxLDAsMSwxLTIsMFYzLjQxNUw4LjcwOCwxMi43MDdhMSwxLDAsMCwxLTEuNDE1LDBaIiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgyIDIpIi8+PC9jbGlwUGF0aD48L2RlZnM+PGcgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoLTIgLTIpIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNMywyMGEzLDMsMCwwLDEtMy0zVjZBMywzLDAsMCwxLDMsM0g5QTEsMSwwLDAsMSw5LDVIM0ExLDEsMCwwLDAsMiw2VjE3YTEsMSwwLDAsMCwxLDFIMTRhMSwxLDAsMCwwLDEtMVYxMWExLDEsMCwxLDEsMiwwdjZhMywzLDAsMCwxLTMsM1ptNC4yOTMtNy4yOTNhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDAtMS40MTRMMTYuNTg1LDJIMTNhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDAtMmg2YTEsMSwwLDAsMSwuNC4wODJoMGwuMDE4LjAwOC4wMDgsMEwxOS40MzguMWwuMDE0LjAwNy4wMDYsMCwuMDE5LjAxaDBBMSwxLDAsMCwxLDIwLDEuMDI4VjdhMSwxLDAsMSwxLTIsMFYzLjQxNUw4LjcwOCwxMi43MDdhMSwxLDAsMCwxLTEuNDE1LDBaIiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgyIDIpIi8+PGcgY2xpcC1wYXRoPSJ1cmwoI2EpIj48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMjQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjQiIGZpbGw9InJnYmEoMCwwLDAsMCkiLz48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMjQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjQiIGZpbGw9IiM2YmE0MzkiLz48L2c+PC9nPjwvc3ZnPg==') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;padding:16px 0 16px 0;min-width:62px;max-width:62px;} @media (min-width:768px){.iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:16px 0 17px 0;min-width:52px;max-width:52px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:15px 0 17px 0;min-width:60px;max-width:60px;}} .iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;} .iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{font-size:14px;padding:0px 18px 17px 22px;} @media (min-width:768px){.iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 15px 15px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 18px 19px 21px;}} .iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text figcaption{margin:0;padding:0;} .iASKvs .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text svg{max-width:100%;} .iASKvs ol{font-size:16px;padding-left:32px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;line-height:24px;margin:15px 0;} .iASKvs ol li{margin:10px 0;padding-left:10px;word-break:normal;} .iASKvs ol li a{word-break:break-all;} .iASKvs ol li .reflinks{display:block;} .iASKvs ol li .reflinks a{color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .iASKvs ol li .reflinks a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} .iASKvs ol li .reflinks .sep{color:#000000;} .iASKvs .table-wrapper{width:auto;overflow-x:auto;} .iASKvs .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar{-webkit-appearance:none;width:5px;height:5px;} .iASKvs .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:5px;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.5);} @media (min-width:768px){.iASKvs .table-wrapper{overflow-x:auto;width:auto;-webkit-break-word:word-break;break-word:word-break;margin:0 auto;}} @media (min-width:992px){.iASKvs .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:1324px){.iASKvs .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:320px){.iASKvs{margin-bottom:33px;padding:0;}} @media (min-width:992px){.iASKvs{padding:0;margin-bottom:100px;}} @media (min-width:1325px){.iASKvs{margin-bottom:100px;}} .iASKvs .owl-stage{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .iASKvs .floats-partial-middle--thumbs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .iASKvs .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot svg{fill:#4D8A17;width:100%;} .iASKvs .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot strong{color:#4D8A17;font-weight:500;} .iASKvs .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active strong{color:#007B8B;} .iASKvs .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active svg{fill:#007B8B;} .iASKvs .partial-carousel-dot{text-align:center;cursor:pointer;border:0;width:100px;padding-bottom:20px;background-color:#fff;display:table-cell;} .iASKvs .partial-carousel-dot:focus-visible{outline-offset:-3px;} .iASKvs .partial-carousel-dot strong{font-size:11px;padding-top:12px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.iASKvs .partial-carousel-dot strong{font-size:16px;}} .iASKvs .partial-carousel-dot img{width:90px;height:90px;border:1px solid #979797;margin:10px 0;} .iASKvs .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle{border-top:1px solid #e3e3e3;display:block;margin-bottom:50px;padding-top:1px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.iASKvs .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}} .iASKvs .partial-carousel--single-image{overflow:hidden;text-align:center;} .iASKvs .partial-carousel--single-image 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href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/" aria-label="Modelling and Simulation in Engineering">工程建模与仿真</一种>/<一种CL.一种S.S.=“S.C-HT.P.Nat bUhGXt link sc-eitiEO jXeALb breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/contents/year/2011/" aria-label="2011">2011年</一种>/<S.P.一种NCL.一种S.S.=“S.C-bhlBdH UVThf">文章</S.P.一种N> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ThreeColumnWrapper-sc-1bf4078-0 dDyxFF threeColumnWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__LeftWrapper-sc-1bf4078-1 fkVFlF leftWrapper"> <button type="button" class="sc-eKZiaR dzZrgS section__button " id="sectionButton"><span class="sc-htoDjs diutvq icon__dots dots__detector icon-colored _3n-7Ho7DlfjMlZbrRr9Q4a icon-themeable" title="" font-size="22"></span>文章部分</GydF4y2Babutton> <div class="sc-bEjcJn jLUVhb static_contents__section_links links__hidden "> <div id="leftSectionMenu" class="sc-cbkKFq prcY sc-bGbJRg dVCLgr left_section_menu"> <p>在本页</P.> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#abstract" aria-label="">抽象的</一种></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#introduction" aria-label="">介绍</一种></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#results-and-discussion" aria-label="">结果与讨论</一种></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#conclusion" aria-label="">结论</一种></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#acknowledgments" aria-label="">致谢</一种></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#references" aria-label="">参考文献</一种></span> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#copyright" aria-label="">版权</一种></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ContentWrapper-sc-1bf4078-3 bbzREB contentWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__Content-sc-1bf4078-4 jknsZc content"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-0 eSvjPB article_contents"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 jntdRu article_contents__sections_wrapper"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 hAzjHP"> <div class="sc-chbbiW mBGSe article_header_class"> <div class="sc-kxynE fgGykB"> <span class="sc-cooIXK gQxyld">特刊</S.P.一种N> <h2 class="sc-fcdeBU bVtmCk">计算流体动力学及其应用进展</H2> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-gmeYpB hSHJbi" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/si/781354/" aria-label="">查看此特殊问题</一种> <hr class="sc-clNaTc ktFfKO"> </div> <p class="sc-kZmsYB bkiEfx article_type">研究文章|<GydF4y2Ba!-- -->开放获取</P.> <div class="sc-RcBXQ ztvYg article_citation"> 体积<GydF4y2Ba!-- --> 2011年<GydF4y2Ba!-- --> <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</S.P.一种N>文章ID.<GydF4y2Ba!-- --> 510472<GydF4y2Ba!-- --> <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</S.P.一种N> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fQejPQ duuwge" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/510472" aria-label="Doi-link">https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/510472</一种> </div> <div class="sc-LKuAh lcOiDF article_full_citation"> <div class="sc-hzNEM gsmOCv isHide"> <p>M. R. Rasani，K. Inthavong，J. Y.Tu<GydF4y2Ba!-- -->那<GydF4y2Ba!-- --> “<S.P.一种NCL.一种S.S.=“一种D.just-article-svg-size">使用低湍流模型模拟咽部气流与空气流动的互动</S.P.一种N>“，<GydF4y2Ba!-- --><i>工程建模与仿真</一世>那<GydF4y2Ba!-- --> 卷。<GydF4y2Ba!-- -->2011年<GydF4y2Ba!-- -->那<GydF4y2Ba!-- --> 文章ID.<GydF4y2Ba!-- -->510472<GydF4y2Ba!-- -->那<GydF4y2Ba!-- --> 9.<GydF4y2Ba!-- -->   页面<GydF4y2Ba!-- -->那<GydF4y2Ba!-- --> 2011年<GydF4y2Ba!-- -->．<GydF4y2Ba!-- --> https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/510472</P.> </div> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iBEsjs kPshFw" color="">显示引文</GydF4y2Babutton> </div> <h1 class="sc-iRbamj jZOxOO sc-iSDuPN drIPpp article_title adjust-article-svg-size heading-title">使用低湍流模型模拟咽部气流与空气流动的互动</H1> </div> <div class="sc-jrIrqw eHMFfo article_authors"> <hr class="sc-cEvuZC XkrFe hr__author"> <span class="">M. R. Rasani.<GydF4y2Ba!-- -->那<S.你P.>1</S.你P.></span> <span class="">K. Inthavong.<GydF4y2Ba!-- -->那<S.你P.>1</S.你P.> 和</S.P.一种N> <span class=""><b>j.y.涂</GydF4y2Bab><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail Option"><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-hjRWVT irNWJI icon-colored _2zt-1j0LmaF8UjTQAM413G icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a><sup>1</S.你P.></span> <div class="sc-fHxwqH dMuGGA isHide"> <p><sup>1</S.你P.><span>澳大利亚皇家理工大学航空、机械与制造工程学院，澳大利亚维多利亚州班杜拉3083</S.P.一种N></p> </div> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iQtOjA kfDwZY" color="">展示更多</GydF4y2Babutton> </div> <div class="articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 evMkvU"> <div class="articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 fYrLtk"> <b>学术编辑器:</GydF4y2Bab>关叶</D.一世v> <div class="articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 fjviok"> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">收到了</S.P.一种N> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2010年10月15日</S.P.一种N> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">公认</S.P.一种N> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年2月14日</S.P.一种N> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC isPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">发表</S.P.一种N> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年4月12日</S.P.一种N> </div> </div> </div> <article class="sc-jtRlXQ iASKvs article_body "> <div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">抽象的</H4.> <p>本文旨在模拟简化舌副本与呼气空气流动之间的相互作用，考虑到咽部气道中的流动湍流。采用具有低再次SST湍流模型的三维模型。用于流体控制方程的任意欧莱尼亚拉格朗日描述通过分隔方法与拉格朗日结构求解器联接，允许捕获流体域的变形。呈现舌头的三维流量特征和易用性。此外，还研究了从1.25MPa至2.25Mm的0.8mm至11.0mm和舌形式模量的初始收缩高度，并且还研究了并讨论了舌头的流速和折叠性的这些参数的影响。数值模拟确认了通风患者较窄的气道开口患者倾向于流动阻塞，并且如果与层流相比，如果咽部流动制度湍流，则表明很大的舌损。</P.> <span class="end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction">1.介绍</H4.> <p>人在睡眠时咽部呼吸道的崩溃会导致严重的健康并发症，估计有10%的打鼾者有患阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的风险[<一种HR.E.f="#B1">1</一种>那<一种HR.E.f="#B2">2</一种>］．这些每小时部分或完全停止呼吸的发作会影响睡眠质量，降低脑氧饱和度，并与高血压和心力衰竭有关[<一种HR.E.f="#B1">1</一种>］．这种情况的生理机制与柔顺管或通道中的流动密切相关。星形电阻中流动的广泛实验揭示了这种压缩折叠式管系统中涉及的丰富的动力学特性[<一种HR.E.f="#B3">3.</一种>那<一种HR.E.f="#B4">4.</一种>］．</P.> <p>毫不奇怪，已经开发了许多数值模型来模拟系统和理解在实验中看到的这些符合墙壁的崩溃和自我激发振荡所涉及的机制。早期的型号包括总数参数模型[<一种HR.E.f="#B5">5.</一种>]沿整个船舶的流量变量和各种一维模型（例如，[<一种HR.E.f="#B6">6.</一种>-<一种HR.E.f="#B8">8.</一种>]）考虑沿着船舶的纵向的流量变量的变化，但假设这些变量在每个横截面内不变化。还开发了更复杂的二维模型，例如罗和Predle的那些[<一种HR.E.f="#B6">6.</一种>那<一种HR.E.f="#B7">7.</一种>那<一种HR.E.f="#B9">9.</一种>那<一种HR.E.f="#B10">10</一种>[揭示了某些条件（雷诺数和膜张力的功能），其中稳定的溶液是稳定的，下面在流动中产生自激振荡和涡旋波。最近的可折叠管三维建模捕获管的强烈屈曲[<一种HR.E.f="#B11">11</一种>[还揭示了自激振荡发作的流动壁能量提取和临界雷诺数的可能机制[<一种HR.E.f="#B12">12</一种>］．</P.> <p>将这些流动的流动在可折叠管中应用于实际生理现象提出了真正的挑战[<一种HR.E.f="#B1">1</一种>］．关于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的主题，Chouly等。[<一种HR.E.f="#B2">2</一种>那<一种HR.E.f="#B13">13</一种>van hirtum等人。[<一种HR.E.f="#B14">14</一种>[]建立了一个与线弹性壳单元耦合的渐近Navier-Stokes方程，以模拟在呼气流作用下简化舌的流动诱导变形。并通过体外实验模拟了舌在咽壁上的塌陷，验证了模型假设和数值结果。一般来说，气道狭窄通过文丘里效应促进透壁压力的增加，导致气道的部分塌陷，并随着腔内压差的增加而出现非线性流量延迟——这是塌陷通道的典型现象，称为流量限制。</P.> <p>二维，QuasiSteady，层状，具有由Chouly等人开发的壳模型的壳体的壳体流体流动之间的耦合。[<一种HR.E.f="#B2">2</一种>]成功获得有效的实时结果，并在实验中使用加压乳胶进行验证。实际上，基于雷诺数，预计流量将在层内<S.vg height="13.45" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:81.150002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 81.150002 13.45" width="81.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; 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" x="0" y="0"> R.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> E.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>[<一种HR.E.f="#B15">15</一种>］．事实上，哈恩的观察[<一种HR.E.f="#B16">16</一种>表明，在鼻腔中，约为入口速度5%的湍流动能并非意外。</P.> <p>神经系统和生理因素均与脂蛋综合征有关。以前的研究（例如，[<一种HR.E.f="#B17">17</一种>])的研究表明，一般来说，呼吸暂停患者的口咽区域的开口较窄(可能是由于肥胖或组织积聚)。呼吸暂停和非呼吸暂停受试者的咽顺应性也有显著差异，特别是在呼气流量时[<一种HR.E.f="#B17">17</一种>］．</P.> <p>因此，本研究旨在使用耦合到舌头类似复制的低重新湍流模型来考虑呼气流体流动的三维模型。初始气道开口的效果和舌刚度对咽气通道内部的塌陷和流动的效果。还讨论了三维流动特征和湍流影响。</P.> <h4 id="mathematical-model">2.数学模型</H4.> <h5 id="sec2.1">2.1。控制流体的方程</H5.> <p>遵循Chouly和同事的方法[<一种HR.E.f="#B2">2</一种>，一个简化的三维流动结构表示咽部气道如图所示<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一种>．</P.> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig1"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="510472.fig.001" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.001.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图1</S.P.一种N> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 咽部气道模型。</T.一种ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>通过口咽最狭窄开口(位于舌底)的汇流预计会产生喷射流，并在收缩的下游产生流动分离，其特征是剪切不稳定性引起的湍流[<一种HR.E.f="#B18">18</一种>］．避免使用三维大型涡模拟（LES）和直接数值模拟（DNS）所涉及的密集计算工作，采用更实用的方法。使用与剪切应力传输（SST）耦合的雷诺平均Navier-Stokes（RAN）方程来描述三维管中的稳定，不可压缩的湍流。<S.vg height="10.7375" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:24.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.4375 10.7375" width="24.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; 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" x="26.360001" y="-16.559999"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.749035" y="-16.559999"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.72,17.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 233.32,14.49 17.7,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.32,2.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.59,-0.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.99,11.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-10.78"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.916531" y="-10.78"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.84,19.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 267.53,14.49 16.74,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,267.66,2.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,280.92,-0.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,285.47,4.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.5" y="-7.3200002"> +</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.040001" y="-18.66"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.429031" y="-18.66"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,329.3,27.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6999998"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="8.6999998"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 316.51,14.49 19.94,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,317.64,2.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,330.9,-0.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,337.65,11.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.47" y="-1.15"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="140.6335" y="-1.15"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="146.88499" y="-1.15"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<S.vg height="11.05" id="M7" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.5625 11.05" width="11.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<S.vg height="9.875" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.7624998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.7624998 9.875" width="7.7624998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是平均值或时间平均速度和压力（<S.vg height="12.8875" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-1.76814pt;width:66.050003px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 66.050003 12.8875" width="66.050003" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.8875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.527766" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.555653" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.807152" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.020905" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.272404" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.486153" y="0"> 3.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>对于三维分析），<S.vg height="9.875" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 9.875" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是流体密度和<S.vg height="20.174999" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-5.34312pt;width:17.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.0625 20.174999" width="17.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.55,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6999998"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="8.6999998"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>湍流雷诺应力张量是多少<S.P.一种NCL.一种S.S.=“E.quation" id="EEq3"> <svg height="24.375" id="M12" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 24.375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,24.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-52.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.12,58.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.52,63.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="8.6899996"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.15,58.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> −</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 215.75,70.71 19.75,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.75,58.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.68,62.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.15,58.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.08,62.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.5,58.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="238.62" y="0"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.78349" y="0"> 3.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="249.035" y="0"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<S.vg height="17.2875" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-3.7982pt;width:11.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.875 17.2875" width="11.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6999998"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>表示湍流脉动速度。利用Boussinesq的假设，雷诺数应力张量与平均速度的关系由湍流涡粘滞度决定:<S.P.一种NCL.一种S.S.=“E.quation" id="EEq4"> <svg height="40.924999" id="M14" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 40.924999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,40.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-39.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,97.19,52.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,103.59,57.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="8.6899996"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,114.21,52.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> −</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 134.82,65.16 19.75,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.82,52.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,140.74,57.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.22,52.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.14,57.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.04,52.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.36,57.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.15,45.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.66" y="-16.57"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.03653" y="-16.57"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.12,58.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 195.73,55.95 17.69,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.73,44.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.99,40.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.4,52.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.53" y="-10.78"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.919033" y="-10.78"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.25,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 229.93,55.95 16.75,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.06,44.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,243.33,40.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.65,52.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-7.25"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 263.19,55.95 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,263.19,44.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 3.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.1199999" y="-17.99"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.49653" y="-17.99"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.62,58.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 271.83,55.95 18.51,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,271.83,44.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; 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" x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,66.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.49,61.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.804512" y="0"> /</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.280346" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>为湍流涡粘滞度。</P.> <p>因此，为了关闭RAN方程（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq1">1</一种>）和（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq1">2</一种>)，只需要湍流粘度，这是用两个未知数确定的，即湍流动能<S.vg height="10.7375" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和湍流的耗散速度<S.vg height="7.1875" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:10.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; 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" x="6.7766261" y="0"> -</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.940125" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<S.vg height="10.7375" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:21.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.362499 10.7375" width="21.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.7766261" y="0"> -</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.940125" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在一起，靠近墙壁，准确性和鲁棒性<S.vg height="10.7375" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:24.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.4375 10.7375" width="24.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.7766261" y="0"> -</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.940125" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>模型，当远离壁面(即自由流或自由剪切区域)时，模型的精度<S.vg height="10.7375" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:21.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.362499 10.7375" width="21.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.7766261" y="0"> -</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.940125" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>被捕获了。因此，为标量变量求解所需的额外两个方程<S.vg height="10.7375" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; 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" x="14.32" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,78.87,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,83.3,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.77" y="2.51"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 58.62,53.48 37.31,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,68.43,41.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,81.69,38.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,100.59,50.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.889999" y="-7.25"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 113.83,53.48 17.69,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,113.83,41.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,127.09,38.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.8,43.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.32" y="-14.58"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3515239" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.73" y="-7.3299999"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.782171" y="-7.3299999"> +</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.4,62.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 172.12,53.48 12.99,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.33,41.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.67,38.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.31,43.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.92" y="-14.58"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.29653" y="-14.58"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 198.96,53.48 17.7,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.96,41.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.23,38.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.85,43.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.1300001" y="-7.3299999"> +</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.470221" y="-7.3299999"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.75,47.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.77,50.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-196.89" y="33.299999"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-188.42" y="35.810001"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-182.56" y="33.299999"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.591721" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.71747" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.968971" y="0"> 9.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.22047" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.997097" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.511639" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="220.35001" y="0"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.5135" y="0"> 5.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.765" y="0"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,77.13,13.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,81.56,17.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5100002" y="2.51"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 56.88,9.41 39.05,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,67.56,-2.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; 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" x="14.05" y="-14.58"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.426531" y="-14.58"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 199.77,9.41 17.7,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.77,-2.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.04,-5.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.66,-1.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.809999" y="-4.8099999"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.1300001" y="-7.3299999"> +</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.470221" y="-7.3299999"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.66" y="-7.3299999"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.687164" y="-7.3299999"> −</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.027386" y="-7.3299999"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,281.42,3.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,286.3,3.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.35" y="-9.7700005"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 295.43,9.41 26.69,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,295.43,-2.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,302.77,-5.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.9601121" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,313.6,-2.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.57" y="-16.01"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.946529" y="-16.01"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 324.51,9.41 16.48,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,324.51,-2.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,337.77,-5.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,344.18,13.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 343.38,9.41 16.49,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,343.38,-2.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,356.65,-5.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,109.86,-28.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.59" y="-7.25"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 129.45,-25.84 8.52,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,130.32,-37.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.8400002" y="-8.75"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.59,-32.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.61,-28.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; 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" x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.22,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>表示取决于墙壁距离的混合功能，<S.vg height="14.3625" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:15.9625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.9625 14.3625" width="15.9625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是由于粘性力（平均速度的函数）引起的湍流的产生，因此，两个方程中的最后两个术语有效地表示每个方程的生产和破坏<S.vg height="10.7375" id="M36" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<S.vg height="7.1875" id="M37" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:10.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>．</P.> <p>此外，SST模型通过混合湍流涡动粘度公式进一步细化，可以更准确地预测壁面附近和远离壁面的涡动粘度:<S.P.一种NCL.一种S.S.=“E.quation" id="EEq7"> <svg height="40.912498" id="M38" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 40.912498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,40.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-39.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.87,54.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.14,59.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.33,54.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.77" y="-9.1400003"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.38,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.25,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 179.56,57.58 83,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.56,43.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.700001" y="2.51"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.549999" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> m</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0"> 一种</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.278666" y="0"> X</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.39,40.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.26,43.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5145426" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.715791" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.842741" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.84,40.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,256.71,41.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.0500002" y="-13.09"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="217.41" y="-13.09"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="221.5735" y="-13.09"> 7.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="227.825" y="-13.09"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<S.vg height="10.925" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:14.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.0625 10.925" width="14.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>为模型常数，<S.vg height="14.2375" id="M40" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:15.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.875 14.2375" width="15.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.22,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是另一个混合函数(同样取决于墙的距离)和<S.vg height="10.725" id="M41" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:11.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.375 10.725" width="11.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>表示应变率的不变度量[<一种HR.E.f="#B19">19</一种>］．</P.> <p>方程(<一种HR.E.f="#EEq1">1</一种>），（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq1">2</一种>），（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq5">5.</一种>），（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq5">6.</一种>），和（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq7">7.</一种>）表示通过流体求解器解决的完整流体模型。在SST中容易捕获具有适当近墙行为的低再仿真<S.vg height="10.7375" id="M42" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:24.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.4375 10.7375" width="24.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.7766261" y="0"> -</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.940125" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> model.</P.> <p>假设流动对其中间垂直平面对称，根据图中所示的问题的半模型构成<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一种>．罗和Pedley的类似符号[<一种HR.E.f="#B6">6.</一种>]，在每个边界处施加的条件总结如下：<S.P.一种NCL.一种S.S.=“L.一世S.T.“><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">进口：<S.vg height="10.925" id="M43" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:43.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 43.9375 10.925" width="43.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.5772982" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.21,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> N</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那<S.vg height="14.7" id="M44" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:106.975px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 106.975 14.7" width="106.975" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.339981" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.380369" y="0"> −</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.944925" y="0"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.108425" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-27.98,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-20.56,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.192345" y="0"> /</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.668179" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.91968" y="0"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那</S.P.一种N></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">出口：<S.vg height="11.0375" id="M45" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:49.400002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 49.400002 11.0375" width="49.400002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.5772982" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.21,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> O.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 你</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7519999" y="0"> T.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg><i>那</一世> <svg height="14.725" id="M46" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:97.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 97.5625 14.725" width="97.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.22)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.339981" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.380369" y="0"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.543869" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.395992" y="0"> /</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.871826" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.898994" y="0"> +</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.239216" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-3.85,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,1.83,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那</S.P.一种N></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">刚性侧壁：<S.vg height="14.7125" id="M47" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:38.762501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.762501 14.7125" width="38.762501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.33,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那<S.vg height="16.637501" id="M48" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:74.150002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 74.150002 16.637501" width="74.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.75,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.1,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-40.51,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-32.17,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那</S.P.一种N></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">刚性底墙：<S.vg height="14.7125" id="M49" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:38.762501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.762501 14.7125" width="38.762501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.33,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那<S.vg height="13.6625" id="M50" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:46.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 46.987499 13.6625" width="46.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.07)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.705208" y="0"> −</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.269764" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那</S.P.一种N></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">弹性墙：<S.vg height="14.3625" id="M51" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:45.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 45.987499 14.3625" width="45.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.33,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.48,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>，在<S.vg height="10.475" id="M52" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:9.3000002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.3000002 10.475" width="9.3000002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> γ.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那</S.P.一种N></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">对称墙:<S.vg height="14.75" id="M53" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:40.825001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 40.825001 14.75" width="40.825001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.68,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那<S.vg height="10.9125" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:35.125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.125 10.9125" width="35.125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7023277" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.742718" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>．</S.P.一种N></span></span></p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig2"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.002a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.002a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</S.T.R.O.NG> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.002b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.002b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</S.T.R.O.NG> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="（C）“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.002c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.002c.jpg"> <br> <strong>（C）</S.T.R.O.NG> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig2"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.002a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.002a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</S.T.R.O.NG></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.002b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.002b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</S.T.R.O.NG></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(c)"><img alt="（C）“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.002c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.002c.jpg"><br><strong>（C）</S.T.R.O.NG></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig2"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图2.</S.P.一种N> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 模型定义（a）等距视图，（b）查看对称平面的侧视图，（c）从入口看前视图。</T.一种ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>墙壁上没有滑动边界条件意味着流速<S.vg height="11.05" id="M55" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.5625 11.05" width="11.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在刚性墙壁和弹性段处为零，<S.vg height="11.05" id="M56" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.5625 11.05" width="11.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>必须符合弹性墙速度<S.vg height="14.3625" id="M57" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:15.1625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.1625 14.3625" width="15.1625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.14,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>．在入口处，上游压力均匀<S.vg height="10.925" id="M58" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:16.9px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.9 10.925" width="16.9" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> N</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>指定了，这意味着入口处的抛物线速度配置文件定义。在出口时，下游压力<S.vg height="11.0375" id="M59" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:22.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.375 11.0375" width="22.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> O.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 你</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7519999" y="0"> T.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>已经固定为零，暗示典型的无压力条件。</P.> <h5 id="sec2.2">２.２.结构控制方程</H5.> <p>对于经历稳定变形的连续体，柯西方程[<一种HR.E.f="#B20">20.</一种>是一个有效的静态平衡方程:<S.P.一种NCL.一种S.S.=“E.quation" id="EEq8"> <svg height="17.012501" id="M60" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 17.012501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.41,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∇</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.915359" y="0"> ⋅</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.266884" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.02,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.95,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.967051" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.007441" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.258942" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="268.17001" y="0"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="272.3335" y="0"> 8.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="278.58499" y="0"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<S.vg height="12.7625" id="M61" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:18.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.237499 12.7625" width="18.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.7625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.79)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.61,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是压力张量和<S.vg height="10.925" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:6.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 6.8874998 10.925" width="6.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是外部强制学期（<S.vg height="13.6125" id="M63" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:73.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 73.4375 13.6125" width="73.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.888433" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0896807" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.429182" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.46957" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.721069" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.922318" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.17382" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.387569" y="0"> 3.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>对于三维结构），在这种情况下，包括外部压力<S.vg height="11.05" id="M64" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:13.2625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.2625 11.05" width="13.2625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>加上界面处的流体压力和流体剪切<S.vg height="10.475" id="M65" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:9.3000002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.3000002 10.475" width="9.3000002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> γ.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>．舌头的机械性能不是均匀和各向异性的，更加肌肉激活具有不同程度的肌肉激活。为简单起见，假设舌头的均匀各向同性材料，因此<S.vg height="10.85" id="M66" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:48.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 48.5625 10.85" width="48.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.85)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.490257" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.530645" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.557812" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在哪里<S.vg height="7.5" id="M67" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:7.8625002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8625002 7.5" width="7.8625002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.5)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是菌株载体和<S.vg height="10.6875" id="M68" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.4125 10.6875" width="11.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.45)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>为本构弹性刚度矩阵(为杨氏模量的函数，<S.vg height="10.325" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:12.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.225 10.325" width="12.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和泊松比，<S.vg height="7.2375002" id="M70" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.2375002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>结构材料）。</P.> <p>考虑小变形理论，Green-Lagrange应变张量的二阶项[<一种HR.E.f="#B20">20.</一种>]可以被忽视。因此，应变 - 位移关系可以描述为：<S.P.一种NCL.一种S.S.=“E.quation" id="EEq9"> <svg height="40.924999" id="M71" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 40.924999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,40.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-39.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.64,52.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.69,49.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.32,52.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-7.25"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 179.55,55.95 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.55,44.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.5299997" y="-1.42"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.82" y="-17.99"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.196529" y="-17.99"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.41,58.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 199.65,55.95 17.7,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.65,44.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.92,40.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.32,52.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-10.78"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.916531" y="-10.78"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.9,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <g> <path d="m 233.86,55.95 17.47,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.35,44.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.62,40.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.52,45.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.46" y="-7.3299999"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="221.60001" y="-7.3299999"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="225.7635" y="-7.3299999"> 9.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.015" y="-7.3299999"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<S.vg height="14.5875" id="M72" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:12.4625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4625 14.5875" width="12.4625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.3,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是位移张量。有效，（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq8">8.</一种>）和（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq9">9.</一种>）代表固体模型，在外部载荷下捕获弹性壁变形。</P.> <p>舌头解剖学主要由水组成（报告的密度为1040千克/米<S.你P.>3.</S.你P.>[<一种HR.E.f="#B21">21.</一种>)，因而被普遍认为是不可压缩的[<一种HR.E.f="#B22">22.</一种>］．占该不可压缩性，泊松比<S.vg height="7.2375002" id="M73" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.2375002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>的0.499已被使用[<一种HR.E.f="#B2">2</一种>那<一种HR.E.f="#B22">22.</一种>，这里也采用。据报道，沿咽部气道的组织的模量范围为:声带的模量为10-30 kPa [<一种HR.E.f="#B23">23.</一种>]，12-25 kPa用于软腭[<一种HR.E.f="#B24">24.</一种>]和6 kpa [<一种HR.E.f="#B25">25.</一种>]到15 kpa [<一种HR.E.f="#B22">22.</一种>都被估计为舌头。为了复制真实舌头的响应，Chouly等人使用了一种静压乳胶壳管。<一种HR.E.f="#B2">2</一种>那<一种HR.E.f="#B13">13</一种>］．同样，模拟壳模量<S.vg height="10.325" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:12.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.225 10.325" width="12.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>与外部压力相结合<S.vg height="11.05" id="M75" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:13.2625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.2625 11.05" width="13.2625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>本文遵循这种响应的模仿。</P.> <p>除了与外部压力的流体域的弹性片段接口的公共面部外，弹性壁无处不在。<S.vg height="11.05" id="M76" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:13.2625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.2625 11.05" width="13.2625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是否与压力同时施加<S.vg height="9.875" id="M77" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.7624998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.7624998 9.875" width="7.7624998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>从流体领域应用。</P.> <h4 id="computational-method">3.计算方法</H4.> <p>商业有限音量求解器（CFX）用于解决RAN方程（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq1">1</一种>），（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq1">2</一种>），（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq5">5.</一种>），（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq5">6.</一种>），和（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq7">7.</一种>）.流体域被细分为8个节点的三维六面体单元，以节点未知数组成离散代数方程<S.vg height="11.05" id="M78" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.5625 11.05" width="11.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那<S.vg height="9.875" id="M79" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.7624998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.7624998 9.875" width="7.7624998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那<S.vg height="10.7375" id="M80" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<S.vg height="7.1875" id="M81" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:10.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>．通常，更细的网格靠近壁（弹性，刚性侧和底部），其中预期较高的速度梯度并通常发生流动分离或重新连接。另外，密度网格也位于预期压力急剧变化的收缩附近。</P.> <p>控制流体方程基于空间的固定欧拉参考框架。为了考虑边界变形，因此，在CFX中采用了流体网格的变形，任意拉格朗日 - 欧拉（ALE）描述。有效地，在ALE框架中，网格速度<S.vg height="16.049999" id="M82" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:13.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.0625 16.049999" width="13.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.61,63.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-6.3390212" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,60.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>从材料速度中减去<S.vg height="12.975" id="M83" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:13.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.0625 12.975" width="13.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在差分运营商[<一种HR.E.f="#B20">20.</一种>那<一种HR.E.f="#B26">26.</一种>]在运输的左侧（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq1">2</一种>），（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq5">5.</一种>），和（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq5">6.</一种>）.因此，一个额外的节点未知(即，网格速度<S.vg height="16.049999" id="M84" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:13.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.0625 16.049999" width="13.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.61,63.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-6.3390212" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,60.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)需要解决。CFX采用扩散模型，根据拉普拉斯微分方程对内域节点位移进行平滑[<一种HR.E.f="#B19">19</一种>]：<S.P.一种NCL.一种S.S.=“E.quation" id="EEq10"> <svg height="19.924999" id="M85" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.924999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.02,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.27" y="2.51"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.120001" y="0"> γ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∇</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.902856" y="0"> ⋅</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.48,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> D.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> S.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.213584" y="0"> P.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.57,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.43" y="2.51"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∇</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.1396933" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.75" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.777885" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.029385" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="259.29999" y="0"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="263.4635" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="269.715" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="275.96649" y="0"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<S.vg height="10.7375" id="M86" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9875002 10.7375" width="7.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是相对于先前网状位置的节点位移，<S.vg height="16.75" id="M87" style="vertical-align:-5.03984pt;width:28.1625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 28.1625 16.75" width="28.1625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.6)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> γ.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.61,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> D.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> S.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.213584" y="0"> P.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是一些网格加强参数和（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq10">10</一种>)在边界处受指定节点运动的约束下求解。</P.> <p>商业有限元件求解器（ANSYS）用于解决部分微分方程（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq8">8.</一种>）和（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq9">9.</一种>）.类似地，结构域被离散化为8点状的固体185个元素和（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq9">9.</一种>）在未知的节点变形方面使用插值函数近似。最小化变分总势能或加权Galerkin残差导致代数方程的组装，其可以作为施加边界条件的函数来解决。</P.> <p>流体-结构相互作用是通过满足速度或位移连续性(即<一种HR.E.f="#EEq11">11</一种>）要么（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq11">12</一种>)和力平衡(<一种HR.E.f="#EEq11">13</一种>)，在流固域的共同界面处:<S.P.一种NCL.一种S.S.=“E.quation" id="EEq11"> <svg height="70.375" id="M88" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 70.375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,70.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-15.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.44,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.36,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.06,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.91,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.18,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-48.490002" y="21.1"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> O.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> N</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.741997" y="0"> γ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.081259" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="248.69" y="0.63"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="252.8535" y="0.63"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="259.10501" y="0.63"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="265.35651" y="0.63"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.19,38.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.89,42.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.57,38.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,216.84,42.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> O.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> N</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.754499" y="0"> γ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.093761" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="251.03" y="0"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="255.1935" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="261.44501" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="267.6965" y="0"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-64.230003" y="21.469999"> −</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-55.665443" y="21.469999"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-46.77581" y="21.469999"> +</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-35.435593" y="21.469999"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.81,17.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.43,20.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.81,17.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.01,20.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> O.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> N</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.741997" y="0"> γ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.081259" y="0"> 那</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.86" y="1.13"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.0235" y="1.13"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="241.27499" y="1.13"> 3.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="247.5265" y="1.13"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<S.vg height="11.05" id="M91" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.5625 11.05" width="11.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.02,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<S.vg height="11.05" id="M92" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.025px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.025 11.05" width="11.025" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.45,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>分别是界面上的流速和边界位移，<S.vg height="14.3625" id="M93" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:15.1625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.1625 14.3625" width="15.1625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.14,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<S.vg height="14.5875" id="M94" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:12.4625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4625 14.5875" width="12.4625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.3,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在界面上分别是结构速度和位移。左侧的条款（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq11">13</一种>）表示压力的流体状态，右侧是结构上的应力。</P.> <p>为了使这些条件同时在流体和固体溶剂中匹配，在ANSYS工作台平台中采用连续的迭代。基于初始几何配置来解决流体变量。弹性段处的流体压力和剪切力被插入弹性壁上的节点。将它们与外部压力和施加的边界条件一起施加，固体求解器求解弹性壁的变形。然后将这些节点偏转插入流体的弹性边界上的节点，其用于实现流体域上的网格变形。然后，流体求解器使用当前几何构造来解决未知的流体变量，并重复该过程直到节点偏转和力量（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq11">12</一种>）和（<一种HR.E.f="#EEq11">13</一种>）来自电流和先前的耦合迭代在特定的公差范围内。整个过程可以归纳如图所示<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig3/" target="_blank">3.</一种>．</P.> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig3"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig3"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="510472.fig.003" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.003.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图3.</S.P.一种N> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 流体结构耦合流程图。</T.一种ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>注意，对于稳定条件（忽略惯性效应和结构变形达到静态平衡），弹性壁速度<S.vg height="14.3625" id="M95" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:15.1625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.1625 14.3625" width="15.1625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.14,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>接近零。</P.> <p>几趟不同的下游长度<S.vg height="14.375" id="M96" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:18.2875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.2875 14.375" width="18.2875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>表明数值结果对出口接近不敏感。另外，更精细的网格离散化也表示类似的整体墙面剪切分配，更重要的是，弹性壁的类似分离位置，表明了足够的离散化。</P.> <h4 id="results-and-discussion">4.结果和讨论</H4.> <p>为了验证结构模型，采用泊松比0.499和杨氏模量<S.vg height="11.1" id="M97" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:58.025002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 58.025002 11.1" width="58.025002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.390473" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.430862" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.682362" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.808113" y="0"> 7.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.059612" y="0"> 5.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>采用各向同性弹性壁的MPa，使舌复制品对外界压力的载荷-挠度响应相似<S.vg height="11.05" id="M98" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:13.2625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.2625 11.05" width="13.2625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>，正如预期的[<一种HR.E.f="#B2">2</一种>)(图<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig4/" target="_blank">4.</一种>）.</P.> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig4"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig4"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="510472.fig.004" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.004.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图4.</S.P.一种N> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig4/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="14.7125" id="M99" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 65.6875 14.7125" width="65.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.54,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.782387" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.8375" id="M100" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 53.700001 14.8375" width="53.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.8375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.13)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.76,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.417639" y="0"> 6.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> 弹性墙的压力与偏转曲线。（偏转在对称平面上以最低点测量。标准化常数GydF4y2Ba爸和GydF4y2Ba毫米)。</T.一种ble> </div> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec4.1">4．1.参数的调查</H5.> <p>为了研究以下生理变化对咽道溃散性和流型的影响，模拟了以下参数范围:<S.P.一种NCL.一种S.S.=“L.一世S.T.“><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">（一世）</S.P.一种N><span class="list-content">初始收缩高度<S.vg height="13.5625" id="M101" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:71.637497px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 71.637497 13.5625" width="71.637497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.5625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.37773" y="0"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.704727" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.956228" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.081978" y="0"> 8.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.25798" y="0"> -</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.333477" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.584976" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.836479" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.962227" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> mm,</S.P.一种N></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(2)</S.P.一种N><span class="list-content">弹性壁模量<S.vg height="13.6375" id="M102" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:86.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 86.8125 13.6375" width="86.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.09)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.090641" y="0"> ）</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.417639" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.66914" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.794889" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.046391" y="0"> 5.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.29789" y="0"> -</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.461388" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.712887" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.838638" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.090137" y="0"> 5.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>MPa。</S.P.一种N></span></span></p> <p>初始收缩高度改变以模拟牛咽或非燕底受试者舌内舌内舌内的不同程度的效果。舌头后面的开口间隙通常为11 mm [<一种HR.E.f="#B27">27.</一种>]但是当受试者处于睡眠位置时可能会降低。Chouly等人的初步研究。[<一种HR.E.f="#B18">18</一种>[睡眠仰卧位期间，报告的开口为1至2毫米。符合此，本文研究了0.8至11.0mm之间的变化。</P.> <p>舌头模量的影响也是感兴趣的。人口中机械性能的变异并不意外。褐等人测量的咽部依从性的变化程度。[<一种HR.E.f="#B17">17</一种>在送货患者中，可以对逆止区区域的刚度变化有所了解。舌刚度的变化也表明肌肉激活程度[<一种HR.E.f="#B21">21.</一种>并被用来捕捉肌肉组织的定向激活。在本文中，考虑了弹性壳复制舌的问题，<S.vg height="12.2375" id="M103" style="vertical-align:-1.09097pt;width:44.25px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 44.25 12.2375" width="44.25" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 一种</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3269978" y="0"> ±</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.918718" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.04447" y="0"> 5.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> MPa variation is considered.</P.> <p>为了研究第一个参数，弹性模量<S.vg height="10.325" id="M104" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:12.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.225 10.325" width="12.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和外部压力<S.vg height="11.05" id="M105" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:13.2625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.2625 11.05" width="13.2625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>分别固定在1.75 MPa和200 Pa，初始收缩高度<S.vg height="14.825" id="M106" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:14.775px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.775 14.825" width="14.775" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是不同的。流速与腔内压力差的非线性变化<S.vg height="14.675" id="M107" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:95.112503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 95.112503 14.675" width="95.112503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> δ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.604464" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.644854" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-35.18,60.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> N</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-25.1,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-7.64,60.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> O.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 你</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7519999" y="0"> T.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>如图所示<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig5/" target="_blank">5(一个)</一种>对各种<S.vg height="14.825" id="M108" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:14.775px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.775 14.825" width="14.775" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>，显示典型的流量限制现象与增加呼气力度。特别是流量的增加和流动平稳程度的降低，表明随着流量的增加，流动阻塞或崩溃大大减少<S.vg height="14.825" id="M109" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:14.775px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.775 14.825" width="14.775" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>．此外，流量平台较低<S.vg height="14.825" id="M110" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:49.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 49.787498 14.825" width="49.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.76,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> mm case would suggest a near-rigid flow rate is achieved and demonstrates the relatively low obstruction in nonapneic patients.</P.> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig5"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig5"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.005a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.005a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</S.T.R.O.NG> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.005b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.005b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</S.T.R.O.NG> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig5"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.005a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.005a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</S.T.R.O.NG></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.005b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.005b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</S.T.R.O.NG></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig5"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图5.</S.P.一种N> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig5/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="14.825" id="M111" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.775 14.825" width="14.775" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; 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" x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.390473" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.430862" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.682362" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.808113" y="0"> 7.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.059612" y="0"> 5.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="10.325" id="M115" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.225 10.325" width="12.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="12.925" id="M116" style="vertical-align:-1.90608pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.325 12.925" width="12.325" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.66)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="10.95" id="M117" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.1374998 10.95" width="9.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.95)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.825" id="M118" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 53.700001 14.825" width="53.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.76,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.417639" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.7125" id="M119" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 52.987499 14.7125" width="52.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.19,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.21,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.7125" id="M120" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 57.875 14.7125" width="57.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.54,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.825" id="M121" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 194.10001 14.825" width="194.10001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.76,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.516223" y="0"> N</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.767723" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.243557" y="0"> T.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.719391" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.195225" y="0"> 一种</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.746555" y="0"> L.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.385891" y="0"> C</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.937222" y="0"> O.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.188721" y="0"> N</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.440224" y="0"> S.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.21637" y="0"> T.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.6922" y="0"> R.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.080757" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.556587" y="0"> C</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="85.107918" y="0"> T.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.583755" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.059586" y="0"> O.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.311089" y="0"> N</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.72609" y="0"> H</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.97758" y="0"> E.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="120.52892" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="124.00475" y="0"> G</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="130.25626" y="0"> H</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.50775" y="0"> T.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> 参数调查(a)初始气道开放的效果GydF4y2Ba关于流速GydF4y2Ba和收缩高度GydF4y2Ba用于固定的舌副本模量GydF4y2Ba MPa, (b) effect of tongue modulus关于流速GydF4y2Ba和收缩高度GydF4y2Ba对于固定的初始开口GydF4y2Ba mm (GydF4y2Ba L/min,GydF4y2Ba Pa, and）.</T.一种ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>研究的第二个参数是舌模量对呼气流量与舌相互作用的影响。为了研究这个参数，一个初始压缩高度为1.2 mm的结构<S.vg height="14.7125" id="M122" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:56.087502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.087502 14.7125" width="56.087502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.97,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>使用了Pa。图中总结了舌模量软化和加劲的效果<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig5/" target="_blank">5 (b)</一种>．模量的减少意味着气道横截面对施加压力的顺应性的增加(根据收缩高度的减少提示)<S.vg height="10.95" id="M123" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:9.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.1374998 10.95" width="9.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.95)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在图中<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig5/" target="_blank">5 (b)</一种>）.因此，优异的抗塌陷易感性并增加流量的抵抗力。随着越来越多的崩溃线性趋势<S.vg height="13.5125" id="M124" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:19.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.049999 13.5125" width="19.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.19)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> δ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>与文丘里效应一致，其中弹性壁下面的流动面积的减小增加了流速，从而增加了更低的更低的平均压力（抽吸），进一步塌陷壁。</P.> <p>比较两个参数的相对影响，<S.vg height="14.825" id="M125" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:14.775px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.775 14.825" width="14.775" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<S.vg height="10.325" id="M126" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:12.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.225 10.325" width="12.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>，到墙壁崩溃和流速，表明两个参数都很重要。例如，舌模的40％加强（<S.vg height="11.1" id="M127" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:58.025002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 58.025002 11.1" width="58.025002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.390473" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.430862" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.682362" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.808113" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.059612" y="0"> 5.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>1.75MPa）导致壁坍塌减少约11％，而初始气道开口的崩溃减少10％（<S.vg height="14.825" id="M128" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:53.700001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 53.700001 14.825" width="53.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.76,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.417639" y="0"> 8.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>1.2毫米)。</P.> <p>根据液压直径，<S.vg height="10.9125" id="M129" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:66.849998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 66.849998 10.9125" width="66.849998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.340701" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.38109" y="0"> 4.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.632589" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.59724" y="0"> /</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.073074" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在哪里<S.vg height="10.55" id="M130" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.325px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.325 10.55" width="11.325" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.56)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>被视为入口处的横截面积<S.vg height="10.325" id="M131" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.75 10.325" width="11.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是入口周边，雷诺数，<S.vg height="10.625" id="M132" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:20.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.0875 10.625" width="20.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> R.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> E.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>模拟范围从274-9520。考虑咽气道复制品的过渡流型(通过使用低-<S.vg height="10.625" id="M133" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:20.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.0875 10.625" width="20.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> R.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> E.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>湍流模型类似于先前的层层调查中观察到的模型，沿着气道的开口较窄，令人越来越大的壁塌陷，因此更严重的流速限制。</P.> <h5 id="sec4.2">4.2。弹性墙偏转</H5.> <p>沿着最窄的开口的横截面（用于<S.vg height="14.825" id="M134" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:53.700001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 53.700001 14.825" width="53.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.76,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.417639" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>mm箱体)如图所示<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig6/" target="_blank">6.</一种>为几个腔内压差<S.vg height="10.6625" id="M135" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:23.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.0375 10.6625" width="23.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.47)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> δ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>．正如预期的那样，除了增加的偏转<S.vg height="10.6625" id="M136" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:23.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.0375 10.6625" width="23.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.47)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> δ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>增加时，轮廓也显示出更大的区域接近侧壁，舌复制品是支持的，并趋向于向对称平面非线性狭窄<S.vg height="10.9125" id="M137" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:35.125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.125 10.9125" width="35.125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7023277" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.742718" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>．这个概要文件可能会影响流模式，将在下一节中讨论。的差异<S.vg height="9.8625002" id="M138" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-在侧壁位置(<S.vg height="11.1" id="M139" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:70.287498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 70.287498 11.1" width="70.287498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7023277" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.742718" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.994217" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.119967" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.371468" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.622967" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.874466" y="0"> 5.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)是由于最窄开口的下游位置不同。这与弹性壁的下游挠度有关，因为压力在轴向施加到壁的上游部分。</P.> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig6"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig6"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="510472.fig.006" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.006.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图6.</S.P.一种N> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig6/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <a href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig2/">2（c）</一种> <table> 横向方向的偏转轮廓横跨最窄的开口（见图GydF4y2Ba）.</T.一种ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>与层流相比，低 -<S.vg height="10.625" id="M140" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:20.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.0875 10.625" width="20.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> R.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> E.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>湍流预示着更严重的弹性壁面坍塌，如图所示<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig7/" target="_blank">7.</一种>．这将表明，在过渡或湍流中的弹性壁，反对层流动的弹性壁都经历了一个严重的压降。实际上，检查图中的压力轮廓<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig8/" target="_blank">8.</一种>，在收缩下的最小吸入压力为-81 pa下降，在低温下预测<S.vg height="10.625" id="M141" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:20.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.0875 10.625" width="20.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> R.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> E.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>相比之下，在层流中约为−30 Pa。这似乎与Shome等人对刚性咽部的数值研究结果一致[<一种HR.E.f="#B15">15</一种>在相似的流速下，预计湍流的压降将比层流增加40%，如果流动边界坍塌，压降将更加严重，如图所示。因此，咽部气道内的流动状态对窒息性梗阻的程度有显著影响，是术前治疗时需要考虑的重要因素。</P.> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig7"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig7"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="510472.fig.007" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.007.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图7.</S.P.一种N> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig7/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="10.6625" id="M142" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.0375 10.6625" width="23.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.47)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> δ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.825" id="M143" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 53.700001 14.825" width="53.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.76,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.417639" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.7125" id="M144" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 57.875 14.7125" width="57.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.54,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.825" id="M145" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 194.10001 14.825" width="194.10001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.76,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.516223" y="0"> N</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.767723" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.243557" y="0"> T.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.719391" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.195225" y="0"> 一种</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.746555" y="0"> L.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.385891" y="0"> C</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.937222" y="0"> O.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.188721" y="0"> N</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.440224" y="0"> S.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.21637" y="0"> T.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.6922" y="0"> R.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.080757" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.556587" y="0"> C</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="85.107918" y="0"> T.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.583755" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.059586" y="0"> O.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.311089" y="0"> N</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.72609" y="0"> H</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.97758" y="0"> E.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="120.52892" y="0"> 一世</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="124.00475" y="0"> G</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="130.25626" y="0"> H</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.50775" y="0"> T.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> 弹性墙体挠度随时间增加而增加GydF4y2Ba为一个GydF4y2Ba毫米的情况。(归一化常数:GydF4y2Ba爸和．）</T.一种ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig8"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig8"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.008a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.008a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</S.T.R.O.NG> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.008b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.008b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</S.T.R.O.NG> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig8"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.008a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.008a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</S.T.R.O.NG></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.008b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.008b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</S.T.R.O.NG></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig8"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图8.</S.P.一种N> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig8/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="10.9125" id="M146" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 63.525002 10.9125" width="63.525002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> δ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.917278" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.957668" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.209167" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.460667" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.7125" id="M147" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.087502 14.7125" width="56.087502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.84,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.97,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.7125" id="M148" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 57.875 14.7125" width="57.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.54,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.7125" id="M149" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 48.625 14.7125" width="48.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.69,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.9" id="M150" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 49.787498 14.9" width="49.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.9)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.08)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.76,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> 5.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <a href="#B2">2</一种> <table> 压力分布在收缩附近GydF4y2BaPa为初始缩窄高度= 1.2 mm的病例GydF4y2Ba Pa (GydF4y2Ba Pa,米/秒,GydF4y2Ba mm []）。</T.一种ble> </div> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec4.3">4.3。三维流量功能</H5.> <p>理想气道中的典型流动模式如图所示<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig9/" target="_blank">9.</一种>．通常，流动与弹性壁，底壁和侧壁分离。立即观察到在喷射流以上的弹性墙的下游观察三维再循环<S.vg height="10.6625" id="M151" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:23.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.0375 10.6625" width="23.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.47)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> δ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>．令人惊讶的是，旋转的<S.vg height="7.1624999" id="M152" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-轴也形成了射流分离刚性底壁，并被迫遵循理想气道的圆形横截面。</P.> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig9"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig9"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.009a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.009a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</S.T.R.O.NG> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.009b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.009b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</S.T.R.O.NG> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig9"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.009a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.009a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</S.T.R.O.NG></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)“N一种mE.=“5.104.7.2。fig.009b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.009b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</S.T.R.O.NG></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig9"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图9.</S.P.一种N> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig9/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="10.9125" id="M153" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.712502 10.9125" width="55.712502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> δ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.917278" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.957668" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.209167" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="10.9125" id="M154" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 63.525002 10.9125" width="63.525002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> δ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.917278" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.957668" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.209167" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.460667" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.825" id="M155" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 53.700001 14.825" width="53.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.76,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.417639" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> 沿垂直对称平面，底壁和几个轴向横截面的速度流和轮廓，（a）GydF4y2Ba爸和(b)GydF4y2Ba Pa (GydF4y2Ba mm case).</T.一种ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>从进气道上半部分和下半部分的流线显示了水流向侧壁迁移的趋势，侧壁的横截面积更开阔。这侧流(也可以从速度轮廓向侧面峰值显示出来)在越高时越明显<S.vg height="10.6625" id="M156" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:23.0375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.0375 10.6625" width="23.0375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.47)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> δ.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>其中弹性壁挠度进一步向下游倾斜。因此，当外流沿壁面曲率流动时，内循环核心的旋流强度增加。</P.> <p>因此，压力曲线也受到横截面开口和速度的横向分布的影响。这是从位于图中所示的几个横向位置的轴向平面的压力轮廓图中显而易见<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig10/" target="_blank">10</一种>在收缩附近的临界吸入压力稍微靠近预期更大开口的侧壁的情况下略微降低。</P.> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig10"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig10"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="510472.fig.0010" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.0010.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图10.</S.P.一种N> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig10/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 顶壁沿几个轴向面的压力分布。</T.一种ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>侧壁对侧向压力和速度分布的影响也将影响舌复制品(弹性壁)和口咽基底(刚性底壁)的流动分离位置。数字<一种HR.E.f="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig11/" target="_blank">11</一种>在几个横向位置呈现沿底壁的轴向剪切轮廓<S.vg height="10.9125" id="M157" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:35.125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.125 10.9125" width="35.125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7023277" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.742718" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那<S.vg height="11.1" id="M158" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:62.474998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 62.474998 11.1" width="62.474998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7023277" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.742718" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.994217" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.119967" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.371468" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.622967" y="0"> 5.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<S.vg height="10.9125" id="M159" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:46.849998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 46.849998 10.9125" width="46.849998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7023277" y="0"> =</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.742718" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.994217" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.119967" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>当流动接近侧壁时，露出零壁剪切位置的换档。因此，建议接近侧壁时流动分离的延迟。</P.> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig11"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig11"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="510472.fig.0011" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/mse/volume-2011/510472/figures/510472.fig.0011.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图11.</S.P.一种N> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/mse/2011/510472/fig11/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="11.1875" id="M160" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 189.325 11.1875" width="189.325" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.816055" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.941805" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.193304" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.444805" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.696304" y="0"> 3.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.947803" y="0"> 6.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.274803" y="0"> m</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.477974" y="0"> <</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.518356" y="0"> </T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.858337" y="0"> <</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.898727" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="105.15023" y="0"> ．</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.27598" y="0"> 0.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.52748" y="0"> 2</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="120.77898" y="0"> 1</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="127.03048" y="0"> 3.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="133.28198" y="0"> 6.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="141.62148" y="0"> m</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> 沿底墙上的几个轴平面墙剪切曲线（请注意，弹性墙位于内部GydF4y2Ba）.</T.一种ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="conclusion">5.结论</H4.> <p>三维低 -<S.vg height="10.625" id="M161" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:20.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.0875 10.625" width="20.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> R.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> E.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>Chouly和同事对气道-舌复制的湍流渲染研究[<一种HR.E.f="#B2">2</一种>那<一种HR.E.f="#B13">13</一种>van hirtum等人。[<一种HR.E.f="#B14">14</一种>已经进行了。低,<S.vg height="10.625" id="M162" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:20.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.0875 10.625" width="20.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> R.</T.S.P.一种N> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> E.</T.S.P.一种N> </text> </g> </g> </svg>湍流流体 - 结构相互作用模拟预测与层流体结构相互作用相比的收缩中更严重的压降，反映了由Shome等人的湍流刚性咽部模拟的类似趋势。[<一种HR.E.f="#B15">15</一种>］．用层流观察类似的流速限制，但是产生舌头后面的区域的更明显的缩小。</P.> <p>参数研究代表一些几何和机械因素，影响呼吸暂停在气道的调查。调查表明，狭窄的气道开口和气道顺应性的增加都增加了呼吸暂停发作的易感性。此外，还提出了与气道-舌复制品相关的三维流动特征。</P.> <p>Brown等人[<一种HR.E.f="#B17">17</一种>]已经成功地测量了呼吸暂停患者和非呼吸暂停患者在呼气和吸气呼吸压力时沿咽道横截面积的变化，从而使咽部顺应性作为与口腔距离的函数得到估计。在未来的工作中，这种沿咽气道变化的刚度可以被纳入，以捕捉咽气道内多个不同顺应性节段之间的相互作用，以及它如何影响管腔塌陷和重新开放。最终，一个真实的咽部气道模型可以用于流体结构的研究。</P.> <h4 id="acknowledgments">致谢</H4.> <p>作者通过高等教育部根据第一作者的IPTA学术培训计划来承认马来西亚政府的财政支持。澳大利亚研究理事会（项目ID LP0989452）和RMIT大学通过新兴的研究员格兰特提供的财务支持也得到了感谢地承认。此外，许多感谢Franz博士围切富有成效的通信。</P.> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="references" id="references">参考文献</H4.> <ol> <li id="B1">C. 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Rasani等。这是分布下的开放式访问文章<一种R.E.L.=“L.一世CE.NS.E.“HR.ef="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">创意公共归因许可证</一种>，允许在任何媒介上不受限制地使用、传播和复制，但必须正确引用原作。</P.> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 eyHfWh journal_article__BiblioIntegratorWidget-sc-12fk6zy-5 dbAANp article_widget biblioWrapper hide"> <hr> <h4 class="biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 kgAKHb hrTitleRef">更多相关文章</H4.> <div id="biblio_widget" class="biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 ObfEZ"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__RightWrapper-sc-1bf4078-2 jzTMLK rightWrapper" id="rightSectionMenu"> <div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyTopToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-0 gbrQxi article_sticky_top_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cBdUnI hRnXob article_top_toolbar"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dIjoCg sc-exkUMo hymroZ pdf_desktop button__group" href="https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/mse/2011/510472.pdf" aria-label="" target="_blank" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" 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height="24"><span class="text">引文</S.P.一种N></span><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-1 isgRZA article_sticky_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cTjmhe ihmyEq article_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cugefK itFKcQ accordion" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__dofNav"> <span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0iMjAiIGhlaWdodD0iMjIiIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAyMCAyMiI+PGRlZnM+PGNsaXBQYXRoIGlkPSJhIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNMywyMmEzLDMsMCwwLDEtMy0zVjE2YTEsMSwwLDAsMSwyLDB2M2ExLDEsMCwwLDAsMSwxSDE3YTEsMSwwLDAsMCwxLTFWMTZhMSwxLDAsMSwxLDIsMHYzYTMsMywwLDAsMS0zLDNabTYuMjg4LTYuMy00LTRhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDEuNDE0LTEuNDE0TDksMTIuNTg2VjFhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDIsMFYxMi41ODZsMi4yOTMtMi4yOTNhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDEuNDE0LDEuNDE0bC00LDRhMSwxLDAsMCwxLTEuNDIzLDBaIiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgyIDEpIi8+PC9jbGlwUGF0aD48L2RlZnM+PGcgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoLTIgLTEpIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNMywyMmEzLDMsMCwwLDEtMy0zVjE2YTEsMSwwLDAsMSwyLDB2M2ExLDEsMCwwLDAsMSwxSDE3YTEsMSwwLDAsMCwxLTFWMTZhMSwxLDAsMSwxLDIsMHYzYTMsMywwLDAsMS0zLDNabTYuMjg4LTYuMy00LTRhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDEuNDE0LTEuNDE0TDksMTIuNTg2VjFhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDIsMFYxMi41ODZsMi4yOTMtMi4yOTNhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDEuNDE0LDEuNDE0bC00LDRhMSwxLDAsMCwxLTEuNDIzLDBaIiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgyIDEpIi8+PGcgY2xpcC1wYXRoPSJ1cmwoI2EpIj48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMjQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjQiIGZpbGw9InJnYmEoMCwwLDAsMCkiLz48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMjQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjQiLz48L2c+PC9nPjwvc3ZnPg==" height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">下载其他格式</S.P.一种N><span class="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">更多的</S.P.一种N></span> <span class="sc-htoDjs bMdQcY sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="11"></span> </div> <div class="sc-fnwBNb etzuBr"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-iNhVCk gWgCNb open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mse/2011/510472.xml" aria-label="XML" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-eAKXzc WHkfb"> XML</D.一世v><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" 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src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">订单印刷副本</S.P.一种N><span class="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">订单</S.P.一种N></span><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL right__icon icon-colored _32KP5uexH-Bgs7Kj8Gk1Tz icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-hBbWxd kdRRST"> <div class="sc-dyGzUR cHatnS"> <div> 意见<S.P.一种N>1222.</S.P.一种N> </div> <div> 下载<S.P.一种N>671</S.P.一种N> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sc-drKuOJ kxdGAZ"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1155/2011/510472" data-style="small_circle"></span>引用</D.一世v> </div> </div> <nav class="sc-bRBYWo fXBKFa sc-hUfwpO jHPgUP" id="toolbar__iconNav"> <h3 class="sc-Rmtcm hNPrIr">分享帖子</H3.> <ul class="sc-hzDkRC bnbfTS"> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/510472&via=Hindawi" aria-label="Sharing on Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialTwitter" title="" 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