在无响应的第二阶段采用排序集选择的双重抽样:分析结果和蒙特卡罗经验</t我tle> <link href="//www.newsama.com/static/themes/hindawi/base.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/static/lib/basictable.css" rel="stylesheet" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/static/lib/owl.carousel.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/static/lib/owl.theme.default.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.bibblio.org/rcm/4.18/bib-related-content.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.bibblio.org/rcm/4.18/bib-related-content.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/_next/static/css/common.ee53122b.chunk.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/_next/static/css/static/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/pages/journal_article.js.3d6e6037.chunk.css"> <style data-styled="NQpXC gnduKR jzXSTA bNmdOy epRoim bUhGXt gjctdt jGJLow kAzjOl ivbKJD fopjOz hbVEoI khbeDd gvAGTV kNoiZu diutvq bqeMOy bMdQcY ldSkVQ cmzomn bomGMi kuxTps prcY bJcSpM hdSPnx fTkdCR dDYYdJ EwsTm hYnXNL hGCBfz dfaOeH jOLhQl TsaZF iiusBg cqhPZs gaRePw dEfJbW eBepOs fSPaCp bVEEaH etauus ctePXh gCIfTO hHKuAX dIjoCg jUTgTa eujois cQgXqt ewCAZX kdvWPs hAFFGk lkWWFY ehYbwJ legory epgILe kCfRMJ bjwAQR byflLi jXeALb UVThf dDyxFF fkVFlF dzZrgS jLUVhb dVCLgr bBmZJZ ewHMLz bbzREB jknsZc eSvjPB jntdRu hAzjHP mBGSe bkiEfx ztvYg cUsFHx duuwge lcOiDF gsmOCv kPshFw gaKwvw jZOxOO eHMFfo XkrFe irNWJI dMuGGA kfDwZY evMkvU fYrLtk fjviok hgKieC cIribm khHUcu pzSfk dbAANp eyHfWh cBTaXT kgAKHb jgHHJS jzTMLK gbrQxi hRnXob hymroZ cbcyj hmDWcT isgRZA ihmyEq itFKcQ cGuwDn jrsDZP gWTCXQ jGPvPL etzuBr gWgCNb WHkfb ibWUzs kdRRST cHatnS kxdGAZ jHPgUP fXBKFa hNPrIr bnbfTS cYsVdk inBNwS dkutRV hlGpbO filPdg ecHxGW gCiATD eEFYIL dsXEHZ iXKuYd" data-styled-version="4.4.1"> /* sc-component-id: sc-bdVaJa */ .EwsTm{height:200vh;width:100%;position:fixed;z-index:1;background:rgba(255,255,255,0.8);} .EwsTm.isHide{display:none;} @media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:991px){} @media (min-width:992px){.EwsTm{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-htpNat */ .bUhGXt{color:black;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;font-size:16px;} .bUhGXt:focus-visible{outline-width:3px;outline-color:#8fc9ff;outline-style:solid;} /* sc-component-id: sc-bxivhb */ .ivbKJD{display:inline-block;} /* sc-component-id: sc-ifAKCX */ .fopjOz{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-flex:wrap;-ms-flex:wrap;flex:wrap;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:0;} .fopjOz li{padding:0 10px;} .fopjOz li a{padding:0;} .fopjOz a{-webkit-transition:border .25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:border .25s ease-in-out 0s;border-bottom:2px solid #fff;border-radius:0;} .fopjOz a:hover{border-bottom:2px solid #9b9b9b;padding-bottom:4px;} .fopjOz .active{border-bottom:2px solid #57a61e;} /* sc-component-id: sc-EHOje */ .jOLhQl{vertical-align:middle;height:24px;}.TsaZF{vertical-align:middle;height:40px;}.iiusBg{vertical-align:middle;height:16px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-bZQynM */ .bNmdOy{max-width:1440px;margin:0 auto;width:100%;} /* sc-component-id: sc-htoDjs */ .khbeDd{vertical-align:middle;font-size:24px;}.gvAGTV{vertical-align:middle;font-size:9px;}.kNoiZu{vertical-align:middle;font-size:16px;}.diutvq{vertical-align:middle;font-size:22px;}.bqeMOy{vertical-align:middle;font-size:20px;}.bMdQcY{vertical-align:middle;font-size:11px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-fjdhpX */ .jzXSTA{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;z-index:1000;background:#fff;height:70px;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;border-bottom:1px solid #e3e3e3;-webkit-transition:all 0.5s;transition:all 0.5s;} @media (max-width:991px){.jzXSTA{border-bottom:1px solid #e3e3e3;}} @media (max-width:767px){.jzXSTA{margin-bottom:70px;height:60px;}} .jzXSTA .header__padding{padding:0 20px;box-sizing:border-box;} @media (max-width:991px){.jzXSTA .header__padding{padding:0 0 0 20px;}} .jzXSTA .menu{position:fixed;top:60px;right:0;width:100%;background:white;} @media (max-width:991px){.jzXSTA .menu{z-index:2;}} @media (min-width:768px){.jzXSTA .menu{width:500px;top:70px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jzXSTA .menu{display:none;}} .jzXSTA .menu ul{list-style-type:none;text-align:center;padding:0;margin:0;} @media (min-width:768px){.jzXSTA .menu ul{padding:0;border-left:1px solid #e3e3e3;}} .jzXSTA .menu ul li a{color:#4a4a4a;padding:10px;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;border-bottom:1px solid #e3e3e3;} .jzXSTA .menu .button_wrap{width:90%;margin:10px auto;border-radius:5px;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;} @media (min-width:768px){.jzXSTA .menu .button_wrap{display:none;}} .jzXSTA .menu .button__publishing{background-color:#6ba439;color:#fff;border-color:#6ba439;} .jzXSTA .menu .button__login{display:none;background-color:#fff;color:#4D8A17;border-color:#e3e3e3;} .jzXSTA.headerUp{-webkit-transform:translateY(-100%);-ms-transform:translateY(-100%);transform:translateY(-100%);} /* sc-component-id: sc-jzJRlG */ .jGJLow{-webkit-box-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;} .jGJLow a{padding:10px;} .jGJLow nav{-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;} @media (max-width:991px){.jGJLow nav{display:none;}} .jGJLow nav ul{margin-right:16px;} .jGJLow nav ul li a{color:#4a4a4a;padding:10px 0px 4px;margin:0 6px;} @media (max-width:991px){.jGJLow .icon-themeable{border-left:1px solid #e3e3e3;padding:23px 20px;}} @media (max-width:767px){.jGJLow .icon-themeable{padding:18px 20px;}} @media (max-width:767.5px){.jGJLow.mobileButtonFlex{-ms-flex:0 0 51%;-webkit-flex:0 0 51%;-ms-flex:0 0 51%;flex:0 0 51%;max-width:51%;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-cSHVUG */ .ldSkVQ{display:none;padding:0;background-color:#fff;border:none;height:59px;} @media (min-width:768px){.ldSkVQ{height:69px;}} .ldSkVQ img{box-sizing:content-box;width:28px;padding:17px 20px;} @media (min-width:768px){.ldSkVQ img{padding:22px 20px;}} @media (max-width:991px){.ldSkVQ{display:inline-block;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-kAzzGY */ .epRoim a{display:inline-block;padding:15px 0;} @media (max-width:767px){.epRoim a{padding:10px 0;}} @media (max-width:767.5px){.epRoim.mobileLogoFlex{-ms-flex:0 0 49%;-webkit-flex:0 0 49%;-ms-flex:0 0 49%;flex:0 0 49%;max-width:49%;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-chPdSV */ .hbVEoI{border:none;height:50px;background-color:#fff;margin:10px 0 0 17px;position:relative;} @media (max-width:991.5px){.hbVEoI{margin:0 3px 0 16px;padding:0;height:69px;}} @media (max-width:767.5px){.hbVEoI{height:59px;}} .hbVEoI img{box-sizing:content-box;} .hbVEoI .icon__cross{width:24px;height:24px;} @media (min-width:768px){.hbVEoI .icon__cross{padding:23px 20px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hbVEoI .icon__cross{padding:0px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-ckVGcZ */ .gjctdt{vertical-align:middle;height:39px;} @media (max-width:401px){.gjctdt{max-width:100%;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-jKJlTe */ .inBNwS{background-color:#0d2934;font-size:16px;position:relative;z-index:3;} @media (max-width:991px){.inBNwS{z-index:0;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-eNQAEJ */ .dkutRV{border-bottom :1px solid;border-color:#828282;padding:29px 40px 30px 40px;} @media (min-width:992px){.dkutRV{padding:40px 40px 40px 35px;}} .dkutRV .primary__footer .mobile{display:block;} .dkutRV .primary__footer .desktop{display:none;} @media (min-width:992px){.dkutRV .primary__footer{-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;}.dkutRV .primary__footer .mobile{display:none;}.dkutRV .primary__footer .desktop{display:block;}} @media (min-width:992px){.dkutRV .col5{-webkit-flex:0 0 18%;-ms-flex:0 0 18%;flex:0 0 18%;max-width:18%;}} .dkutRV address{font-style:inherit;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;display:none;border-right:1px solid #EBEBEB;} @media (max-width:767px){.dkutRV address{border-bottom:1px solid #E3E3E3;padding-bottom:20px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.dkutRV address{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;margin-right:50px;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.dkutRV address{margin-right:70px;}} .dkutRV address p{margin:0;font-size:14px;} @media (max-width:767px){.dkutRV address p{text-align:center;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.dkutRV address p{font-size:16px;}} .dkutRV nav ul{list-style:none;padding:0;line-height:2;font-size:16px;margin:18px 0 0 0;} .dkutRV nav ul:first-child{margin:0;} @media (min-width:992px){.dkutRV nav ul{margin:0;}} .dkutRV nav ul li{line-height:22px;padding:5px;} .dkutRV nav ul li a{color:#d8d8d8;font-weight:500;display:block;font-size:16px;} .dkutRV nav ul li img{padding:2.5px 0 0 10px;box-sizing:content-box;-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);} /* sc-component-id: sc-hMqMXs */ .hlGpbO{padding-top:6px;color:#FFFFFF;font-weight:500;margin-bottom:29px;} @media (min-width:992px){.hlGpbO{-webkit-flex:0 0 25%;-ms-flex:0 0 25%;flex:0 0 25%;max-width:-webkit-fit-content;max-width:-moz-fit-content;max-width:fit-content;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-kEYyzF */ .ecHxGW{margin-right:20px;} .ecHxGW:last-child{margin-right:0;} /* sc-component-id: sc-kkGfuU */ .filPdg{margin-top:15px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-iAyFgw */ .gCiATD{line-height:30px;font-size:11px;padding:10px 20px;text-align:center;} .gCiATD .textright{text-align:right;font-weight:500;} @media (max-width:767px){.gCiATD .textright{text-align:center;}} @media (min-width:992px){.gCiATD .textright{font-weight:100;}} .gCiATD a{font-size:13px;color:#fff;} /* sc-component-id: sc-hSdWYo */ .etauus{display:inline-block;background-color:#fff;color:#4D8A17;border-color:#E3E3E3;width:auto;border-radius:5px;font-size:16px;border-width:1px;border-style:solid;} .etauus:focus-visible{outline-width:3px;outline-color:#8fc9ff;outline-style:solid;} /* sc-component-id: sc-eHgmQL */ .fTkdCR{font-size:22px;color:#000;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.fTkdCR{font-size:24px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.fTkdCR{font-size:25px;}} .fTkdCR:after{content:'';display:inline-block;margin-top:0.2em;margin-left:0.5em;} /* sc-component-id: sc-iRbamj */ .jZOxOO{font-size:30px;font-weight:500;-webkit-letter-spacing:1px;-moz-letter-spacing:1px;-ms-letter-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:1px;line-height:1;margin-top:0;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jZOxOO{font-size:40px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jZOxOO{font-size:40px;}} .jZOxOO sup,.jZOxOO sub{vertical-align:baseline;position:relative;top:-10px;} .jZOxOO sub{top:10px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-Rmtcm */ .hNPrIr{font-size:20px;font-weight:500;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:15px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-bRBYWo */ .fXBKFa{display:inline-block;} @media (max-width:991.5px){.fXBKFa{width:100%;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.fXBKFa.hide{display:none !important;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-hzDkRC */ .bnbfTS{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-flex:wrap;-ms-flex:wrap;flex:wrap;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;list-style-type:none;margin:0;width:100%;padding:0 !important;border-top:1px solid #fff;} .bnbfTS li{width:100%;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box;padding:17px 0px;min-height:48px;} .bnbfTS li a{display:block;} .bnbfTS .iconBorder{border-right:1px solid #fff;} .bnbfTS img{width:23px;} .bnbfTS img.socialLinkedin{width:28px;} .bnbfTS .wechat-container{position:relative;} .bnbfTS .wechat-container .addthis_inline_share_toolbox{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;opacity:0 !important;} /* sc-component-id: sc-jtRfpW */ .hHKuAX{background-color:#6BA439;color:#fff;padding:20px;line-height:22px !important;border-radius:0;border-top:1px solid #fff;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;min-height:60px;} .hHKuAX img{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;} .hHKuAX span{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;} .hHKuAX span.text{padding-left:20px;font-weight:500;} @media (max-width:360px){.hHKuAX span.text{padding-left:5px;font-size:14px;}} @media (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767.5px){.hHKuAX span.text{padding-left:20px;}}.dIjoCg{background-color:#F2F2F2;color:#4A4A4A;padding:20px;line-height:22px !important;border-radius:0;border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;min-height:60px;} .dIjoCg img{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;} .dIjoCg span{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;} .dIjoCg span.text{padding-left:20px;font-weight:500;} @media (max-width:360px){.dIjoCg span.text{padding-left:5px;font-size:14px;}} @media (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767.5px){.dIjoCg span.text{padding-left:20px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-kTUwUJ */ .eujois{width:20px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-dqBHgY */ .cQgXqt{width:20px;height:16px;color:#6ba439;} /* sc-component-id: sc-cbkKFq */ .kuxTps{-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;position:fixed;top:60px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.kuxTps{position:fixed;top:70px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.kuxTps{position:fixed;top:70px;}}.prcY{-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;top:0px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.prcY{top:0px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.prcY{position:fixed;top:241px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-hGoxap */ .dEfJbW{position:relative;background:#007d8d;} @media (max-width:991px){.dEfJbW{z-index:2;}} @media (min-width:767.5px) and (max-width:991.5px){.dEfJbW{width:50%;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dEfJbW{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;border-top:1px solid white;}} .dEfJbW.isHide{display:none;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dEfJbW.isHide{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}} .dEfJbW .submit__button{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;box-shadow:0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.5);padding:0 20px;min-height:45px;} .dEfJbW .submit__button span.text{font-size:16px;} .dEfJbW .submit__button img{width:20px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.dEfJbW .submit__button{min-height:58px;}.dEfJbW .submit__button img{width:22px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dEfJbW .submit__button{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-fjmCvl */ .fSPaCp{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;color:#fff;background-color:#007d8d;line-height:20px;padding:10px 20px;border:0;border-radius:0;border-top:1px solid #fff;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;margin:0;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.fSPaCp{padding:16px 20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.fSPaCp{border-top:none;border-right:1px solid #fff;padding:14.5px 15px;font-size:14px;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.fSPaCp{padding:14.5px 20px;font-size:16px;}} .fSPaCp .icon__inactive{-webkit-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);-ms-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);transform:rotateZ(-90deg);line-height:20px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.fSPaCp .icon__inactive{-webkit-transform:rotateZ(0);-ms-transform:rotateZ(0);transform:rotateZ(0);}} .fSPaCp.button__active{background:#fff;color:#4A4A4A;} @media (min-width:767.5px) and (max-width:991.5px){.fSPaCp.button__active{border-right:1px solid #007f8f;}} .fSPaCp .icon__active{-webkit-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);-ms-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);transform:rotateZ(-90deg);line-height:20px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.fSPaCp .icon__active{-webkit-transform:rotate(0);-ms-transform:rotate(0);transform:rotate(0);}} .fSPaCp .icon__hidden{display:none;}.bVEEaH{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;color:#fff;background-color:#007d8d;line-height:20px;padding:10px 20px;border:0;border-radius:0;border-top:1px solid #fff;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;margin:0;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.bVEEaH{padding:16px 20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.bVEEaH{border-top:none;border-right:0;padding:14.5px 15px;font-size:14px;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.bVEEaH{padding:14.5px 20px;font-size:16px;}} .bVEEaH .icon__inactive{-webkit-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);-ms-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);transform:rotateZ(-90deg);line-height:20px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.bVEEaH .icon__inactive{-webkit-transform:rotateZ(0);-ms-transform:rotateZ(0);transform:rotateZ(0);}} .bVEEaH.button__active{background:#fff;color:#4A4A4A;} @media (min-width:767.5px) and (max-width:991.5px){.bVEEaH.button__active{border-right:1px solid #007f8f;}} .bVEEaH .icon__active{-webkit-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);-ms-transform:rotateZ(-90deg);transform:rotateZ(-90deg);line-height:20px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.bVEEaH .icon__active{-webkit-transform:rotate(0);-ms-transform:rotate(0);transform:rotate(0);}} .bVEEaH .icon__hidden{display:none;} /* sc-component-id: sc-TFwJa */ .gCIfTO{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;color:#fff;background-color:#007d8d;line-height:20px;padding:10px 20px;border:0;border-radius:0;border-top:1px solid #fff;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.gCIfTO{padding:16px 20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.gCIfTO{-webkit-transition:all 0.25s;transition:all 0.25s;border-top:none;border-right:1px solid #fff;border-left:0;padding:14.5px 30px 14.5px 20px;width:calc(100% / 6);font-size:14px;}.gCIfTO:hover{background:#fff;color:#4A4A4A;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.gCIfTO{font-size:16px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-bHwgHz */ .ctePXh{width:18px;margin-right:-4px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.ctePXh{width:7px;font-size:7px;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.ctePXh{width:18px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-krDsej */ .ewCAZX{position:absolute;top:0;width:calc(100% - 20px);right:0;bottom:0;background:#fff;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;min-height:290px;box-shadow:0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);} .ewCAZX.hide__submenu{-webkit-transform:translateX(100%);-ms-transform:translateX(100%);transform:translateX(100%);} @media (min-width:767.5px){.ewCAZX.hide__submenu{-webkit-transform:translateX(-200%);-ms-transform:translateX(-200%);transform:translateX(-200%);}} @media (min-width:767.5px){.ewCAZX{left:100%;width:100%;padding-top:20px;z-index:-1;min-height:375px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.ewCAZX{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-dTdPqK */ .lkWWFY{-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;display:none;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.lkWWFY.hide__submenu{-webkit-transform:translateY(-300%);-ms-transform:translateY(-300%);transform:translateY(-300%);}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.lkWWFY{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:186px;top:49px;left:0;position:absolute;right:0;background:#fff;z-index:-1;box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.21);}} /* sc-component-id: sc-itybZL */ .kdvWPs{font-weight:700;border:0;color:#4A4A4A;padding:10px 0;background-color:#fff;font-size:16px;line-height:20px;} .kdvWPs:focus-visible{outline-width:3px;outline-color:#8fc9ff;outline-style:solid;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.kdvWPs{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-fzsDOv */ .hAFFGk{margin:0px 10px 2px 20px;-webkit-transform:rotate(90deg);-ms-transform:rotate(90deg);transform:rotate(90deg);display:inline-block;} /* sc-component-id: sc-gPWkxV */ .legory{width:50%;} /* sc-component-id: sc-jVODtj */ .epgILe{color:#007B8B;width:50%;font-size:16px;line-height:26px;margin:auto;padding:0 6%;} /* sc-component-id: sc-kUaPvJ */ .ehYbwJ{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:50%;padding:24.5px 2% 0;-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;} @media (min-width:1024px){.ehYbwJ{padding:24.5px 3% 0;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-giadOv */ .eBepOs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.eBepOs{width:calc(100% / 6);}.eBepOs:first-child{border-left:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-fONwsr */ .kCfRMJ{background-color:#D8D8D8;position:absolute;left:50%;display:inline-block;height:121px;width:2px;top:33px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-LKuAh */ .lcOiDF{padding:0;margin:10px 0 25px 0;} /* sc-component-id: sc-iBEsjs */ .kPshFw{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;border:none;font-size:12px;font-weight:500;margin-top:7px;padding:0;color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .kPshFw:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.kPshFw{margin-top:10px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-hzNEM */ .gsmOCv{overflow-y:hidden;height:auto;max-height:100%;-webkit-transition:all .5s;transition:all .5s;background-color:#F2F2F2;padding:0 16px;} .gsmOCv.isHide{max-height:0;-webkit-transition:all .5s;transition:all .5s;} .gsmOCv p{font-size:14px;line-height:22px;} .gsmOCv sup{margin-top:-5px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-chbbiW */ .mBGSe{padding:0;} /* sc-component-id: sc-kZmsYB */ .bkiEfx{font-size:14px;font-weight:700;line-height:16px;-webkit-letter-spacing:0.58px;-moz-letter-spacing:0.58px;-ms-letter-spacing:0.58px;letter-spacing:0.58px;margin:23px 0 0px !important;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.bkiEfx{margin:34px 0 0px !important;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.bkiEfx{margin:-4px 0 0 !important;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-RcBXQ */ .ztvYg{font-size:14px;line-height:22px;} .ztvYg a{color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .ztvYg a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} /* sc-component-id: sc-iSDuPN */ @font-face{font-family:'STIXGeneral-Bold';src:url('https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/fonts/STIXGeneral-Bold.otf');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;} .gaKwvw{font-weight:700;font-family:STIXGeneral-Bold;margin:19px 0 22px;font-size:25px;line-height:28px;-webkit-letter-spacing:normal;-moz-letter-spacing:normal;-ms-letter-spacing:normal;letter-spacing:normal;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.gaKwvw{font-size:25px;margin:20px 0 23px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.gaKwvw{font-size:30px;line-height:34px;margin:19px 0 22px;}} .gaKwvw p{margin:0;} /* sc-component-id: sc-fZwumE */ .cUsFHx{padding:0 3px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-fQejPQ */ .duuwge{font-size:14px;} .duuwge:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} /* sc-component-id: sc-jtRlXQ */ @font-face{font-family:'STIXGeneral-Regular';src:url('https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/fonts/STIXGeneral-Regular.otf');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;} @font-face{src:url('https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/fonts/STIXGeneral-Regular.otf');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;} @font-face{font-family:'STIXGeneral-Regular';src:url('https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/fonts/STIXGeneral-Regular.otf');font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;} .pzSfk{font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;text-align:justify;} .pzSfk a{word-break:break-all;} .pzSfk h4:first-of-type{border-top:0px solid #E3E3E3;padding-top:0;} .pzSfk h4{font-size:20px;font-family:"IBM Plex Sans",sans-serif;border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;padding-top:23px;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:-3px;} .pzSfk h4#abstract{margin-top:-7px;margin-bottom:-3px;} @media (min-width:767.5){.pzSfk h4#abstract{margin-top:-6px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.pzSfk h4#abstract{margin-top:34px;}} .pzSfk h4.references,.pzSfk h4.copyright{border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;padding-top:23px;} .pzSfk h4.references{margin-bottom:-8px;} .pzSfk h5,.pzSfk h6{margin:22px 0;font-size:16px;word-break:break-word;} .pzSfk h6{margin:25px 0;text-align:left;} .pzSfk p{font-size:16px;word-break:break-word;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section{border:1px solid #E3E3E3;margin:25px auto;} @media (max-width:767px){.pzSfk .floats-partial-section{margin:0 auto;overflow-x:hidden;}} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content{padding:19px 0px 19px 0px;height:254px;width:96%;overflow:hidden;margin:0 auto;position:relative;cursor:pointer;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content table{margin:0 auto;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content .table-group{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content .table-group table{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content .table-group table object{z-index:-1;position:relative;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content .table-group table td{padding:4px 7px;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content .table-group table td.align_left{text-align:left;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content .table-group table td.align_center{text-align:center;} @media (min-width:768px){.pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content{padding:22px 0px 0 0px;height:197px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content{padding:23px 0px 13px 0px;height:215px;}} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-content:after{content:"";height:20%;position:absolute;bottom:0;right:0;left:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(left,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 56%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 100%);background:-webkit-gradient(linear,left top,right top,color-stop(0%,rgba(255,255,255,.7)),color-stop(56%,rgba(255,255,255,.7)),color-stop(100%,rgba(255,255,255,.7)));background:-webkit-linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0.5) 30%,rgba(255,255,255,0.7) 56%,rgba(255,255,255,0.9) 75%,rgba(255,255,255,1) 100%);background:-o-linear-gradient(left,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 56%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 100%);background:-ms-linear-gradient(left,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 56%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 100%);background:linear-gradient(left,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 56%,rgba(255,255,255,.7) 100%);-webkit-filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#00ffffff',endColorstr='#ffffff',GradientType=1 );filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#00ffffff',endColorstr='#ffffff',GradientType=1 );} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer{background-color:#F2F2F2;border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .minimize_btn{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;margin-top:10px;min-width:55px;} @media (min-width:768px){.pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .minimize_btn{display:none;}} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .expand_btn{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;margin-top:10px;min-width:55px;display:none;} @media (min-width:768px){.pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .expand_btn{display:none;}} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{-webkit-flex:9;-ms-flex:9;flex:9;text-align:left;padding:21px 37px 10px 0px;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;} @media (min-width:768px){.pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 18px 10px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 21px 10px 21px;}} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;padding:16px 0 16px 0;min-width:62px;max-width:62px;} @media (min-width:768px){.pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:16px 0 17px 0;min-width:52px;max-width:52px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:15px 0 17px 0;min-width:60px;max-width:60px;}} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{font-size:14px;padding:0px 18px 17px 22px;} @media (min-width:768px){.pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 15px 15px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 18px 19px 21px;}} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text figcaption{margin:0;padding:0;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text svg{max-width:100%;} .pzSfk ol{font-size:16px;padding-left:32px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;line-height:24px;margin:15px 0;} .pzSfk ol li{margin:10px 0;padding-left:10px;word-break:normal;} .pzSfk ol li a{word-break:break-all;} .pzSfk ol li .reflinks{display:block;} .pzSfk ol li .reflinks a{color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .pzSfk ol li .reflinks a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} .pzSfk ol li .reflinks .sep{color:#000000;} .pzSfk .table-wrapper{width:auto;overflow-x:auto;} .pzSfk .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar{-webkit-appearance:none;width:5px;height:5px;} .pzSfk .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:5px;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.5);} @media (min-width:768px){.pzSfk .table-wrapper{overflow-x:auto;width:auto;-webkit-break-word:word-break;break-word:word-break;margin:0 auto;}} @media (min-width:992px){.pzSfk .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:1324px){.pzSfk .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:320px){.pzSfk{margin-bottom:33px;padding:0;}} @media (min-width:992px){.pzSfk{padding:0;margin-bottom:100px;}} @media (min-width:1325px){.pzSfk{margin-bottom:100px;}} .pzSfk .owl-stage{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-middle--thumbs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot svg{fill:#4D8A17;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot strong{color:#4D8A17;font-weight:500;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active strong{color:#007B8B;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active svg{fill:#007B8B;} .pzSfk .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot .nowrap{white-space:nowrap;} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-dot{text-align:center;cursor:pointer;border:0;width:100px;padding-bottom:20px;background-color:#fff;display:table-cell;} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-dot:focus-visible{outline-offset:-3px;} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-dot strong{font-size:11px;padding-top:12px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-dot strong{font-size:16px;}} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-dot img{width:90px;height:90px;border:1px solid #979797;margin:10px 0;} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle{border-top:1px solid #e3e3e3;display:block;margin-bottom:50px;padding-top:1px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}} .pzSfk .partial-carousel--single-image{overflow:hidden;text-align:center;} .pzSfk .partial-carousel--single-image img{width:100%;max-height:239px;height:auto;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel--single-image img{max-height:357px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel--single-image img{max-height:417px;}} .pzSfk .partial-carousel--single-image strong{font-size:11px;padding-top:12px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel--single-image strong{font-size:16px;}} .pzSfk .owl-nav,.pzSfk .owl-dots{display:none;} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .owl-loaded{position:relative;height:auto;max-height:287px;} @media (min-width:767.6px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .owl-loaded{max-height:414px;}} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .owl-loaded{max-height:477px;}} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-content,.pzSfk .owl-stage-outer,.pzSfk .owl-stage{max-height:287px;height:auto;} @media (min-width:767.6px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-content,.pzSfk .owl-stage-outer,.pzSfk .owl-stage{max-height:414px;}} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-content,.pzSfk .owl-stage-outer,.pzSfk .owl-stage{max-height:477px;}} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-content::after,.pzSfk .owl-stage-outer::after,.pzSfk .owl-stage::after{background:transparent;} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle--thumbs{width:100%;overflow-x:auto;-webkit-align-items:self-start;-webkit-box-align:self-start;-ms-flex-align:self-start;align-items:self-start;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle--thumbs{width:calc(100% - 110px);}} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle--nav{width:100%;position:relative;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle--nav{width:20%;}} .pzSfk .floats-partial-middle{position:relative;} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .carousel-prev{background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 17.5px;height:50px;width:61px;display:inline-block;border:0;border-right:1px solid #E3E3E3;padding:0;cursor:pointer;background-position-y:54.35%;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .carousel-prev{width:51px;background-position-x:8px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .carousel-prev{width:59px;background-position-x:16px;}} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .carousel-next{background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0iMTgiIGhlaWdodD0iMTQiIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxOCAxNCI+PGRlZnM+PGNsaXBQYXRoIGlkPSJhIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNMTAuMjkzLDEzLjcwN2ExLDEsMCwwLDEsMC0xLjQxNEwxNC41ODYsOEgxQTEsMSwwLDAsMSwxLDZIMTQuNTg2TDEwLjI5MywxLjcwN0ExLDEsMCwwLDEsMTEuNzA3LjI5M2w2LDZhMSwxLDAsMCwxLC4xNzIuMjMxaDBsLjAxLjAxOSwwLC4wMDUuMDA3LjAxNC4wMDYuMDEyLDAsLjAwOC4wMDguMDE4djBhMSwxLDAsMCwxLS4wMDkuODE3bDAsMEwxNy45LDcuNDRsMCwuMDA5LS4wMDUuMDExLS4wMDcuMDEzLDAsLjAwOC0uMDA4LjAxNSwwLC4wMDUtLjAxLjAxNiwwLDAtLjAxMS4wMTcsMCwwLS4wMTIuMDE4LDAsMC0uMDEyLjAxNywwLDBMMTcuOCw3LjZsMCwwLS4wMTEuMDE0LDAsLjAwNi0uMDEuMDEyLS4wMDkuMDExLS4wMDYuMDA3LS4wMTUuMDE3aDBsLS4wNC4wNDItNiw2YTEsMSwwLDAsMS0xLjQxNCwwWiIgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoMyA1KSIvPjwvY2xpcFBhdGg+PC9kZWZzPjxnIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKC0zIC01KSI+PHBhdGggZD0iTTEwLjI5MywxMy43MDdhMSwxLDAsMCwxLDAtMS40MTRMMTQuNTg2LDhIMUExLDEsMCwwLDEsMSw2SDE0LjU4NkwxMC4yOTMsMS43MDdBMSwxLDAsMCwxLDExLjcwNy4yOTNsNiw2YTEsMSwwLDAsMSwuMTcyLjIzMWgwbC4wMS4wMTksMCwuMDA1LjAwNy4wMTQuMDA2LjAxMiwwLC4wMDguMDA4LjAxOHYwYTEsMSwwLDAsMS0uMDA5LjgxN2wwLDBMMTcuOSw3LjQ0bDAsLjAwOS0uMDA1LjAxMS0uMDA3LjAxMywwLC4wMDgtLjAwOC4wMTUsMCwuMDA1LS4wMS4wMTYsMCwwLS4wMTEuMDE3LDAsMC0uMDEyLjAxOCwwLDAtLjAxMi4wMTcsMCwwTDE3LjgsNy42bDAsMC0uMDExLjAxNCwwLC4wMDYtLjAxLjAxMi0uMDA5LjAxMS0uMDA2LjAwNy0uMDE1LjAxN2gwbC0uMDQuMDQyLTYsNmExLDEsMCwwLDEtMS40MTQsMFoiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDMgNSkiLz48ZyBjbGlwLXBhdGg9InVybCgjYSkiPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIgZmlsbD0icmdiYSgwLDAsMCwwKSIvPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIgZmlsbD0iIzZiYTQzOSIvPjwvZz48L2c+PC9zdmc+') no-repeat 18.5px;height:52px;width:61px;display:inline-block;padding:0px;cursor:pointer;border:0;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .carousel-next{width:51px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .carousel-next{width:59px;}} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .partial-carousel-next-prev{position:absolute;right:0;bottom:-50px;height:50px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .partial-carousel-next-prev{bottom:0;}} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-content{padding:12px;} .pzSfk .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{border-left:none;} .pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-content{display:none;} .pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer{background-image:url(https://w2o-xhtml-parsed-preprod.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/table_thumb.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:17px 17px;background-size:100px 70px;border-top:none;min-height:110px;position:relative;} .pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .table-thumb-overlay{cursor:pointer;position:absolute;left:17px;top:17px;height:70px;width:100px;} .pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .caption-text{padding-left:137px;padding-right:0px;position:relative;} .pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .caption-text .caption-text-overlay{cursor:pointer;position:absolute;top:20px;left:135px;height:20px;width:60px;} .pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{color:black;display:block !important;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;width:auto;margin-left:140px;margin-right:20px;padding:0px 0px 15px 0px;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;} .pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .minimize_btn{display:none !important;} .pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .expand_btn{display:none !important;} @media (max-width:567px){.pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer{background-size:60px 45px;}.pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .table-thumb-overlay{height:45px;width:60px;}.pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .caption-text{padding:30px 0px 15px 95px;}.pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .caption-text .caption-text-overlay{top:30px;left:95px;}.pzSfk .partial-other-wrapper[data-section*="tab"] .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{margin:0px 20px;}} .pzSfk .owl-item{overflow-y:hidden;margin-bottom:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;} .pzSfk .supplementary--docs{display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-left:2em;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk .supplementary--docs{padding-left:1em;}} .pzSfk .supplementary--docs li{-ms-flex:0 0 100%;-webkit-flex:0 0 100%;-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;max-width:100%;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.pzSfk .supplementary--docs li{-ms-flex:0 0 50%;-webkit-flex:0 0 50%;-ms-flex:0 0 50%;flex:0 0 50%;max-width:50%;}} .pzSfk .supplementary--docs li a::after{content:'';background :url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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) no-repeat 5px;padding-right:35px;background-size:14px;} .pzSfk .dataset-section .supplementary--dpis-desc{padding-left:19px;} .pzSfk .dataset-section .supplementary--dpis-desc p{margin:10px 0;} .pzSfk .table-group.fixed-width,.pzSfk .table-group.sidewaystable{min-width:auto;} .pzSfk .noliststyle{padding-left:1em;} .pzSfk .noliststyle li{padding-left:0;} .pzSfk .xml-content > hr{display:none;} .pzSfk sup,.pzSfk sub{vertical-align:baseline;position:relative;top:5px;} .pzSfk sup{top:-5px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk a{position:relative;}} .pzSfk a div.tooltip{cursor:auto;position:absolute;width:280px;background:#fff;border:1px solid #adadad;padding:20px;margin:0;display:none;z-index:2;color:#000;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk a div.tooltip{width:400px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.pzSfk a div.tooltip{width:572px;}} .pzSfk a div.tooltip .cross{position:absolute;right:10px;top:10px;display:block;height:14px;width:14px;cursor:pointer;} .pzSfk a div.tooltip ol{margin:0;padding:0 0 10px 20px;} .pzSfk a div.tooltip ol li{text-align:left;margin:0;} .pzSfk a div.tooltip.left{left:20px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk a div.tooltip.left{left:-20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.pzSfk a div.tooltip.left{left:-100px;}} .pzSfk a div.tooltip.right{right:20px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.pzSfk a div.tooltip.right{right:-20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.pzSfk a div.tooltip.right{right:-100px;}} .pzSfk a div.tooltip a.seeRef{padding-left:30px;} .pzSfk .gloss-abbr tr td:first-child{white-space:nowrap;} .pzSfk table.algorithm td{word-break:keep-all;} .pzSfk h4#copyright + p a{word-break:break-word;} /* sc-component-id: sc-bGbJRg */ .dVCLgr{width:100%;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dVCLgr{width:19%;}} @media (min-width:1280px){.dVCLgr{width:24%;max-width:350px;}} .dVCLgr p{border:1px solid #E3E3E3;} /* sc-component-id: sc-bEjcJn */ .jLUVhb{-webkit-flex:1 0 30%;-ms-flex:1 0 30%;flex:1 0 30%;list-style:none;padding:0;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;} @media (min-width:320px) and (max-width:991.5px){.jLUVhb{position:fixed;width:100%;z-index:2;margin:0;margin-top:50px;top:169px;max-height:calc(100vh - 165px);overflow-y:auto;}} @media (min-width:767.5px) and (max-width:991.5px){.jLUVhb{top:179px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px) and (max-width:1200px){.jLUVhb{max-width:354px;-webkit-flex:1 0 20%;-ms-flex:1 0 20%;flex:1 0 20%;}} @media (min-width:1200px){.jLUVhb{-webkit-flex:1 0 25%;-ms-flex:1 0 25%;flex:1 0 25%;max-width:354px;}} .jLUVhb p{margin:0;padding:10px 0;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;line-height:24px;display:none;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jLUVhb p{display:block;padding:10px 20px;border:1px solid #E3E3E3;border-bottom:0;}} .jLUVhb.links__hidden{display:none;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jLUVhb.links__hidden{display:block;}} .jLUVhb.translate{-webkit-transform :translateY(-120px);-ms-transform :translateY(-120px);transform :translateY(-120px);} @media (min-width:768px){.jLUVhb.translate{-webkit-transform:translateY(-130px);-ms-transform:translateY(-130px);transform:translateY(-130px);}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jLUVhb.translate{-webkit-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none;}.jLUVhb.translate #leftSectionMenu{-webkit-transform:translateY(-130px);-ms-transform:translateY(-130px);transform:translateY(-130px);}} /* sc-component-id: sc-ePZHVD */ .ewHMLz{color:#4A4A4A;} /* sc-component-id: sc-likbZx */ .bBmZJZ{font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:20px;color:#4A4A4A;border:1px solid #E3E3E3;border-bottom:0;background-color:#f2f2f2;display:list-item;} @media (min-width:991px){.bBmZJZ{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.bBmZJZ:hover{background-color :#D8D8D8;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} .bBmZJZ:last-child{border-bottom:1px solid #E3E3E3;} .bBmZJZ a{display:block;padding:10px 20px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-eKZiaR */ .dzZrgS{position:fixed;width:100%;height:50px;color:#4D8A17;background-color:#F2F2F2;border:none;font-size:16px;line-height:18px;font-weight:500;z-index:2;top:170px;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;text-align:left;border-top:1px solid #FFFFFF;} @media (min-width:320px) and (max-width:991.5px){.dzZrgS{padding-left:15px;border-bottom:4px solid #FFFFFF;}.dzZrgS.is-open{border-bottom:4px solid #F2F2F2;}} @media (min-width:767.5px){.dzZrgS{top:179px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dzZrgS{display:none;}} .dzZrgS .icon__dots{cursor:pointer;-webkit-transform:rotate(90deg) translateY(8px);-ms-transform:rotate(90deg) translateY(8px);transform:rotate(90deg) translateY(8px);margin-right:15px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dzZrgS .icon__dots{padding-right:20px;margin-bottom:2px;-webkit-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none;}} .dzZrgS.translate{-webkit-transform :translateY(-120px);-ms-transform :translateY(-120px);transform :translateY(-120px);top:170px;} @media(min-width:991.5px){.dzZrgS.translate{-webkit-transform :translateY(-130px) rotate(90deg);-ms-transform :translateY(-130px) rotate(90deg);transform :translateY(-130px) rotate(90deg);}} /* sc-component-id: sc-jrIrqw */ .eHMFfo{padding:0;margin:20px 0;} .eHMFfo span{font-size:14px;} .eHMFfo span.isHide{display:none;} .eHMFfo span i{font-style:italic;} .eHMFfo span i.isHide{display:none;} /* sc-component-id: sc-hjRWVT */ .irNWJI{width:16px;margin:0 2px 2px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-iQtOjA */ .kfDwZY{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;border:none;font-size:12px;font-weight:500;margin-top:7px;padding:0;color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .kfDwZY:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.kfDwZY{margin-top:5px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-fHxwqH */ .dMuGGA{overflow-y:hidden;height:auto;max-height:100%;-webkit-transition:all .5s;transition:all .5s;} .dMuGGA.isHide{max-height:0;-webkit-transition:all .5s;transition:all .5s;} .dMuGGA p:first-child{margin-top:15px;} .dMuGGA p{font-size:14px;line-height:23px;display:block;} .dMuGGA sup{margin-top:-5px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-cEvuZC */ .XkrFe{border:none;border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;height:2px;margin:15px 0;} .XkrFe.hr__author{margin-bottom:12px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-cBdUnI */ @media (min-width:320px) and (max-width:991.5px){.hRnXob{display:none;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hRnXob{z-index:1;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-exkUMo */ .hymroZ{background-color:#6ba339;color:#ffffff;display:none;} .hymroZ span.text{padding-left:20px;} @media (min-width:991px){.hymroZ{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.hymroZ:hover{background-color :#D8D8D8;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-kcDeIU */ .cbcyj{background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#4a4a4a;display:none;} .cbcyj span.text{padding-left:20px;} @media (min-width:991.5px) and (max-width:1279.5px){.cbcyj{display:none !important;}} @media (min-width:991px){.cbcyj{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.cbcyj:hover{background-color :#D8D8D8;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.cbcyj.hide{display:none !important;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-BngTV */ .hmDWcT{background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#4a4a4a;display:none;} .hmDWcT span.text{padding-left:20px;} @media (min-width:1279.5px){.hmDWcT{display:none !important;}} @media (min-width:991px){.hmDWcT{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.hmDWcT:hover{background-color :#5D9230;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hmDWcT.hide{display:none !important;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-hBbWxd */ .kdRRST{background-color:#f2f2f2;border-top:1px solid #ffffff;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;font-size:14px;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:20px 55px 20px 25px;} @media (max-width:1279.5px){.kdRRST{padding-right:20px;}} @media (max-width:991.5px){.kdRRST{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-dyGzUR */ .cHatnS div{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;} .cHatnS div:last-of-type{padding-top:20px;} .cHatnS span{color:#4F4F4F;font-size:20px;font-weight:700;line-height:26px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-drKuOJ */ .kxdGAZ{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column-reverse;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse;flex-direction:column-reverse;height:100%;-webkit-box-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;} .kxdGAZ span{padding-top:15px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-cTjmhe */ @media (min-width:991.5px){.ihmyEq{width:100%;z-index:1;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-cugefK */ .itFKcQ{background-color:#F2F2F2;color:#4A4A4A;border-top:1px solid #FFFFFF;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;padding:20px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;cursor:pointer;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;} @media (min-width:991px){.itFKcQ{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.itFKcQ:hover{background-color :#D8D8D8;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.itFKcQ.hide{display:none !important;}} .itFKcQ.active .icon-themeable{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);} /* sc-component-id: sc-fnwBNb */ .etzuBr{display:none;} /* sc-component-id: sc-iNhVCk */ .gWgCNb{background-color:#f2f2f2;border-radius:0;border-top:1px solid #e3e3e3;font-size:16px;color:#4a4a4a;font-weight:500;padding:11px 20px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;} @media (min-width:991px){.gWgCNb{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.gWgCNb:hover{background-color :#D8D8D8;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-eAKXzc */ .WHkfb{-webkit-flex:1 0 90%;-ms-flex:1 0 90%;flex:1 0 90%;padding-left:50px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.WHkfb{padding-left:93px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.WHkfb{padding-left:50px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-bfYoXt */ .cGuwDn{width:20px;height:24px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-gbOuXE */ .jGPvPL{width:22px;height:21px;padding:2px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-dRFtgE */ .jrsDZP{-webkit-flex:1 0 80%;-ms-flex:1 0 80%;flex:1 0 80%;padding-left:26px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jrsDZP{padding-left:69px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jrsDZP{padding-left:20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px) and (max-width:1279.5px){.jrsDZP{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-gkFcWv */ .gWTCXQ{display:none;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.gWTCXQ{padding-left:20px;max-width:100px;display:inline;}} @media (min-width:1279.5px){.gWTCXQ{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-hUfwpO */ .jHPgUP{width:100%;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:none;cursor:pointer;} .jHPgUP li{background-color:#f2f2f2;} @media (min-width:991px){.jHPgUP li{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.jHPgUP li:hover{background-color :#ffffff;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} .jHPgUP h3{display:none;} /* sc-component-id: sc-imABML */ .ibWUzs{background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#4a4a4a;display:block;border-top:1px solid #ffffff;border-radius:0;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;padding:20px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;cursor:pointer;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;} .ibWUzs .right__icon{padding:0;height:16px;width:20px;} @media (min-width:991px){.ibWUzs{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}.ibWUzs:hover{background-color :#D8D8D8;-webkit-transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;transition:background-color 0.25s ease-in-out 0s;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.ibWUzs.hide{display:none !important;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-cjHlYL */ .hYnXNL{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:25%;float:right;margin-top:-49px;} @media (max-width:374px){.hYnXNL{width:26.5%;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hYnXNL{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-dRaagA */ .hGCBfz{background-color:#6BA339;color:white;-webkit-flex:1 0 25%;-ms-flex:1 0 25%;flex:1 0 25%;z-index:100;padding:14px 16px 10px 19px;border-radius:0px;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF;} @media (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767px){.hGCBfz{border-bottom:none;padding:16px 16px 14px 16px;font-size:14px;}.hGCBfz .article_toolbar_icon{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-fEUNkw */ .dfaOeH{margin-right:16px;width:24px;height:24px;} /* sc-component-id: sc-dREXXX */ .cqhPZs{width:16px;height:auto;float:right;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.cqhPZs{width:24px;height:24px;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-nrwXf */ .byflLi{font-size:14px;padding:16px 20px 24px;} @media (max-width:991px){.byflLi{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: sc-eitiEO */ .jXeALb{font-size:14px;} .jXeALb:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} /* sc-component-id: sc-bhlBdH */ .UVThf{font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;} /* sc-component-id: sc-OxbzP */ .eEFYIL{width:100%;height:auto;background-color:#4A4A4A;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:500;color:#fff;padding:15px 20px;line-height:20px;position:fixed;bottom:0px;z-index:3;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform .25s;-webkit-transition:transform .25s;transition:transform .25s;} .eEFYIL a{color:#7ED321;} .eEFYIL p{display:inline;margin:0;} .eEFYIL.hideBanner{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);-ms-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%);} /* sc-component-id: sc-bYnzgO */ .dsXEHZ{background:transparent;border:none;height:20px;width:20px;margin-left:20px;padding:0;cursor:pointer;} /* sc-component-id: sc-cPuPxo */ .iXKuYd{min-width:20px;height:20px;} /* sc-component-id: baseContent__Main-sc-134g3di-2 */ .cmzomn{margin-top:140px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.cmzomn{margin-top:85px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.cmzomn{margin-top:70px;min-height:calc(100vh - 334px);}} /* sc-component-id: threeColumn__ThreeColumnWrapper-sc-1bf4078-0 */ .dDyxFF{width:100%;} @media only screen and (min-width:992px){.dDyxFF{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-flow:row wrap;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;padding:0 20px;max-width:1440px;margin:0 auto;}} @media (min-width:991.5px) and (max-width:1100.5px){.dDyxFF .partenership__collabText{font-size:12px;}} @media (min-width:1100.5px) and (max-width:1200.5px){.dDyxFF .partenership__collabText{font-size:14px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px) and (max-width:1071.5px){.dDyxFF .partenership__logoWrapper img{margin-left:20px;margin-bottom:10px;}.dDyxFF .partenership__logoWrapper img:last-child{margin-left:0;margin-bottom:0;}} @media (max-width:1150px){.dDyxFF .journal-metrics-container{display:none;}.dDyxFF .journal_report_link-border-helper{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: threeColumn__LeftWrapper-sc-1bf4078-1 */ @media only screen and (min-width:992px){.fkVFlF{width:20%;}} @media only screen and (min-width:1280px){.fkVFlF{width:25%;}} /* sc-component-id: threeColumn__RightWrapper-sc-1bf4078-2 */ .jzTMLK{-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.5s;-webkit-transition:transform 0.5s;transition:transform 0.5s;} @media only screen and (min-width:992px){.jzTMLK{width:20%;margin-bottom:60px;}.jzTMLK.translate{-webkit-transform:translateY(-130px);-ms-transform:translateY(-130px);transform:translateY(-130px);}} @media only screen and (min-width:1280px){.jzTMLK{width:25%;}} /* sc-component-id: threeColumn__ContentWrapper-sc-1bf4078-3 */ .bbzREB{margin:0 20px;overflow:hidden;} @media only screen and (min-width:992px){.bbzREB{width:calc(60% - 40px);}} @media only screen and (min-width:1280px){.bbzREB{width:calc(50% - 40px);}} /* sc-component-id: threeColumn__Content-sc-1bf4078-4 */ .jknsZc{margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden;} @media only screen and (min-width:768px){.jknsZc{max-width:688px;}} @media only screen and (min-width:992px){.jknsZc{max-width:100%;}} @media only screen and (min-width:1075px){.jknsZc{max-width:572px;}} /* sc-component-id: article__BaseStyle-sc-10qhnp8-0 */ .gnduKR{width:100%;margin-top:170px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.gnduKR{margin-top:179px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.gnduKR{margin-top:180px;min-height:840px;}} /* sc-component-id: article__StickyStyle-sc-10qhnp8-1 */ .bomGMi{width:100%;max-width:1440px;z-index:3;-webkit-transition:all .5s;transition:all .5s;} .bomGMi.translate{-webkit-transform:translateY(-120px);-ms-transform:translateY(-120px);transform:translateY(-120px);} @media (min-width:767.5px){.bomGMi.translate{-webkit-transform:translateY(-130px);-ms-transform:translateY(-130px);transform:translateY(-130px);}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.bomGMi.translate{-webkit-transform:translateY(-130px);-ms-transform:translateY(-130px);transform:translateY(-130px);}} /* sc-component-id: article__SubtitleStyled-sc-10qhnp8-2 */ .hdSPnx{background-color:#007B8B;opacity:0.8;color:#fff;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:17px 0 17px 20px;line-height:23px;height:60px;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;font-size:20px;font-weight:500;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hdSPnx{line-height:26px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.hdSPnx{line-height:50px;padding:5px 0 5px 20px;height:60px;}} /* sc-component-id: article__JournalMenuTitle-sc-10qhnp8-3 */ .dDYYdJ{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:20px;height:50px;width:100%;background-color:#007B8B;color:#fff;text-align:left;padding-left:14px;padding-right:0;border:0;border-top:1px solid #fff;} .dDYYdJ span{font-size:24px;padding-right:14px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dDYYdJ{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: article__WhiteWrapper-sc-10qhnp8-5 */ .bJcSpM{background-color:#fff;display:block;position:relative;} .bJcSpM h1,.bJcSpM h2{color:#fff;} .bJcSpM h2{font-size:20px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.bJcSpM h2{font-size:25px;}} .bJcSpM h1{font-size:20px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.bJcSpM h1{font-size:24px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.bJcSpM h1{font-size:40px;}} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__ArticleContentsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-0 */ .eSvjPB{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;} .eSvjPB .author__editor--hr{display:block;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 */ .jntdRu{width:100%;} @media (max-width:991.5px){.jntdRu{margin-top:52px;}} .jntdRu p{margin:12px 0;line-height:20px;} .jntdRu .articlecontent__alignment{width:100%;min-width:306px;padding-left:7px;padding-right:7px;} @media (min-width:346px){.jntdRu .articlecontent__alignment{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jntdRu .articlecontent__alignment{width:543px;margin:auto;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jntdRu .articlecontent__alignment{max-width:612px;width:75%;margin:inherit;margin-left:50px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}} @media (min-width:1100px){.jntdRu .articlecontent__alignment{margin-left:118px;}} .jntdRu .article__title{padding-bottom:12px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jntdRu .article__title{padding-bottom:15px;}} .jntdRu .article__summary{padding-bottom:65px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jntdRu .article__summary{padding-bottom:75px;}} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jntdRu #vjs_video_3 button{-webkit-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none;left:40%;margin-top:0;}} .jntdRu .video-js .vjs-big-play-button{top:calc(50% - 22.5px);left:calc(50% - 50px);} .jntdRu .video-js{margin:20px 0;} .jntdRu a{color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .jntdRu a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 */ .hAzjHP{background-position:0px 0px;background-origin:content-box;background-size:99%;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 */ .evMkvU{padding:0;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 */ .fjviok{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:15px 0 30px;border-bottom:1px solid #E3E3E3;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.fjviok{border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;margin:20px 0 30px;}} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 */ .hgKieC{-webkit-flex-basis:0;-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;max-width:100%;border-right:1px solid #E3E3E3;padding:5px 0 15px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hgKieC{padding:5px 0;}} .hgKieC.notPublished{display:none;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.hgKieC.notPublished{display:block;}} @media (max-width:767.5px){.hgKieC.isPublished{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.hgKieC.isPublished span:first-child::after{content:':';padding-right:3px;}} .hgKieC:last-child{border-right:none;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 */ .cIribm{display:block;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 */ .khHUcu{display:block;text-align:center;font-size:14px;} /* sc-component-id: articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 */ .fYrLtk{margin:-7px 0 -5px;font-size:14px;} /* sc-component-id: biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 */ .eyHfWh{position:relative;} .eyHfWh.hide{display:none;} .eyHfWh hr{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:-30px;border-top:1px solid #E3E3E3;border-bottom:0;}.cBTaXT.hide{display:none;} .cBTaXT hr{display:none;} /* sc-component-id: biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 */ @font-face{font-family:'STIXGeneral-Bold';src:url('https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/_next/static/_/hindawi-ui/fonts/STIXGeneral-Regular.otf');} .jgHHJS{padding:0 20px 20px;} .jgHHJS .bib__image{display:none;} .jgHHJS .bib__title{font-size:20px;} .jgHHJS .bib__name{font-size:18px;font-family:"STIXGeneral-Bold",serif !important;color:rgb(74,74,74);font-weight:700;} .jgHHJS .bib--split .bib__link .bib__info,.jgHHJS .bib--split .bib__link.bib__link--image .bib__info,.jgHHJS [class*=bib--txt] .bib__link .bib__info,.jgHHJS [class*=bib--txt] .bib__link.bib__link--image .bib__info{padding:10px 0 !important;} .jgHHJS .bib__author{font-size:14px;line-height:22px;color:rgb(132,132,132);margin-top:3px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-right:20px;opacity:1;font-family:"IBM Plex Sans",sans-serif;font-weight:500;} .jgHHJS #biblio_sidebar .bib__link{border-top:1px solid rgb(227,227,227) !important;padding-top:5px !important;padding-bottom:5px !important;} .jgHHJS #biblio_sidebar .bib__link:first-child{border-top:0 !important;padding-top:0 !important;} .jgHHJS #biblio_sidebar .bib__link:first-child .bib__info{padding-top:0 !important;} .jgHHJS #biblio_widget .bib--split .bib__link .bib__info,.jgHHJS #biblio_widget .bib--split .bib__link.bib__link--image .bib__info{padding:10px 15px 10px 0 !important;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jgHHJS{padding:0 40px 20px;}} @media (min-width:991.5px){.jgHHJS{padding:0 20px;}} /* sc-component-id: biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 */ .kgAKHb{font-size:20px;font-family:"IBM Plex Sans";color:#000;font-weight:600;margin-top:34px;margin-bottom:18px;padding:0 20px;} /* sc-component-id: journal_article__ArticleStickyTopToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-0 */ .gbrQxi{display:none;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.gbrQxi{display:block;}.gbrQxi .article_top_toolbar{top:110px;z-index:-100;}.gbrQxi .article_top_toolbar .pdf_desktop{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.gbrQxi .article_top_toolbar .ref_desktop{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}} .gbrQxi .article_toolbar_views{margin-top:-58px;display:block;text-align:right;} /* sc-component-id: journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-1 */ @media (min-width:991.5px){.isgRZA .article_bottom_toolbar{top:292px;z-index:-10;}} /* sc-component-id: journal_article__BreadCrumbStyle-sc-12fk6zy-2 */ @media (min-width:991.5px){.bjwAQR{padding:16px 20px 24px;height:60px;}} /* sc-component-id: journal_article__ArticleBaseStyle-sc-12fk6zy-3 */ .NQpXC .content,.NQpXC .contentWrapper{overflow:visible;} /* sc-component-id: journal_article__BiblioIntegratorSidebar-sc-12fk6zy-4 */ .cYsVdk{max-width:350px;} @media (max-width:991.5px){.cYsVdk{display:none !important;}} /* sc-component-id: journal_article__BiblioIntegratorWidget-sc-12fk6zy-5 */ .dbAANp{background-color:#f5f5f5;padding:15px 20px 24px 20px;margin-top:2px;margin-bottom:20px;} @media (min-width:991.5px){.dbAANp{margin-top:-64px;margin-bottom:40px;}} .dbAANp .hrTitleRef{padding:0;margin-top:0;font-family:'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;} .dbAANp #biblio_widget{padding:0;}</style> </head> <body style="margin:0;box-sizing:border-box"> <div id="__next"> <div class="static_page"> <div class="page no__focus__outline"> <header class="sc-fjdhpX jzXSTA"> <div class="sc-bZQynM bNmdOy E_HUmlU2Hj3PpkDmWzKPd header__padding"> <div class="sc-kAzzGY epRoim mobileLogoFlex _1fpqArXPCxgnlv2rXZC2sl _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/" aria-label="Home"><img alt="标志＂年代rc＝＂http年代://preprod-admin.w2o.hindawi.com/themes/custom/hindawi_extended/logo.svg" class="sc-ckVGcZ gjctdt"></a> </div> <div class="sc-jzJRlG jGJLow mobileButtonFlex _2v1j-tLx3hx0tgKcpPzH6B _3wm8FgzqRuRWouJG31YgKx E_HUmlU2Hj3PpkDmWzKPd"> <nav class="sc-bxivhb ivbKJD"> <ul class="sc-ifAKCX fopjOz sc-kpOJdX kAzjOl"> <li class="navigation__link"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link link" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/" aria-label="Journals">期刊</一个></li> <li class="navigation__link"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link link" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/" aria-label="Publish with us">雷电竞下载苹果</a></li> <li class="navigation__link"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link link" href="//www.newsama.com/publishing-partnerships/" aria-label="Publishing partnerships">raybet推荐吗</a></li> <li class="navigation__link"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link link" href="//www.newsama.com/about/" aria-label="About us">关于我们</一个></li> <li class="navigation__link"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link link" href="//www.newsama.com/blog/" aria-label="Blog">博客</一个></li> </ul> </nav> <button class="sc-chPdSV hbVEoI icon__search" aria-label="Search"><span class="sc-htoDjs khbeDd icon__search icon-colored _3hSk3ArgsWMFh5QJIGblNr icon-themeable" title="" font-size="24"></span></button> <button aria-label="Hamburger Menu" class="sc-cSHVUG ldSkVQ"><span class="sc-htoDjs khbeDd hamburger icon-colored _20YUA8q5mREEBfJm8VsdXV icon-themeable" title="" font-size="24"></span></button> </div> </div> </header> <div class="sc-bZQynM bNmdOy"></div> <main class="baseContent__Main-sc-134g3di-2 cmzomn article__BaseStyle-sc-10qhnp8-0 gnduKR DADtd11SJ4KyWZ2l6zAnr base_style journal_article__ArticleBaseStyle-sc-12fk6zy-3 NQpXC"> <div class="sc-bZQynM bNmdOy width_wrapper"> <div id="journal__navigation" class="sc-cbkKFq kuxTps article__StickyStyle-sc-10qhnp8-1 bomGMi"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link article__WhiteWrapper-sc-10qhnp8-5 bJcSpM" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jps/" aria-label=""><h2 class="sc-eHgmQL fTkdCR article__SubtitleStyled-sc-10qhnp8-2 hdSPnx _1ZrXcsbATVL_kHOpFAan9k">概率与统计杂志</h2></一个><button class="article__JournalMenuTitle-sc-10qhnp8-3 dDYYdJ journalNavCheck" id="journalMenuTitle"><span>+</年代p一个n>杂志菜单</button><d我vclass="sc-bdVaJa EwsTm isHide" id="fadeOut"></div> <div class="sc-cjHlYL hYnXNL"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-dRaagA hGCBfz article-toolbar-link" href="http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jps/2012/214959.pdf" aria-label="" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-fEUNkw dfaOeH article_toolbar_icon" title="" role="presentation" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/src/icon/svg/pdf.svg" height="24">PDF<我米g一个lt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-dREXXX cqhPZs" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"></a> </div> <nav id="journal__nav" class="sc-hGoxap dEfJbW article__JournalNavigationStyle-sc-10qhnp8-4 gaRePw isHide journalNavCheck"> <div class="sc-giadOv eBepOs journalNavCheck"> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-fjmCvl fSPaCp journalNavCheck" color="">期刊综述<年代p一个nclass="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-bHwgHz ctePXh journalNavCheck icon__inactive icon-white _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span><span class="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-bHwgHz ctePXh journalNavCheck icon__active icon-colored icon__hidden _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span></button> </div> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-TFwJa gCIfTO" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jps/guidelines/" aria-label="For authors">对于作者</一个><一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-TFwJa gCIfTO" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/reviewers/" aria-label="For reviewers">对于审查员</一个><一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-TFwJa gCIfTO" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/editors/" aria-label="For editors">的编辑器</一个><一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-TFwJa gCIfTO" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jps/contents/year/2021/" aria-label="Table of Contents">目录</一个><d我vclass="sc-giadOv eBepOs journalNavCheck"> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-fjmCvl bVEEaH journalNavCheck" color="">特殊的问题<年代p一个nclass="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-bHwgHz ctePXh journalNavCheck icon__inactive icon-white _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span><span class="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-bHwgHz ctePXh journalNavCheck icon__active icon-colored icon__hidden _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span></button> </div> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW hHKuAX submit__button journalNavCheck" href="https://review.hindawi.com/submit?journal=jps" aria-label="" target="" id=""><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ jUTgTa" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">提交</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored undefined icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-krDsej ewCAZX hide__submenu journalSubmenuCheck" id="journalnav__submenu"> <button class="sc-itybZL kdvWPs journalSubmenuCheck"><span class="sc-htoDjs gvAGTV sc-fzsDOv hAFFGk journalSubmenuCheck icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="9"></span></button> </div> <div class="sc-dTdPqK lkWWFY hide__submenu journal__nav__desktop" id="journalnav__submenudesktop"> <div order="0" class="sc-kUaPvJ ehYbwJ"> <div class="sc-gPWkxV legory"></div> <div class="sc-gPWkxV legory"></div> </div> <div class="sc-jVODtj epgILe"></div> <span class="sc-fONwsr kCfRMJ"></span> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="sc-nrwXf byflLi breadcrumb__wrapper journal_article__BreadCrumbStyle-sc-12fk6zy-2 bjwAQR article"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-eitiEO jXeALb breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jps/" aria-label="Journal of Probability and Statistics">概率与统计杂志</一个>/<gydF4y2Ba一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-eitiEO jXeALb breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jps/contents/year/2012/" aria-label="2012">2012</一个>/<gydF4y2Ba年代p一个nclass="sc-bhlBdH UVThf">文章</年代p一个n></d我v><d我vclass="threeColumn__ThreeColumnWrapper-sc-1bf4078-0 dDyxFF threeColumnWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__LeftWrapper-sc-1bf4078-1 fkVFlF leftWrapper"> <button type="button" class="sc-eKZiaR dzZrgS section__button " id="sectionButton"><span class="sc-htoDjs diutvq icon__dots dots__detector icon-colored _3n-7Ho7DlfjMlZbrRr9Q4a icon-themeable" title="" font-size="22"></span>文章部分</button><d我vclass="sc-bEjcJn jLUVhb static_contents__section_links links__hidden "> <div id="leftSectionMenu" class="sc-cbkKFq prcY sc-bGbJRg dVCLgr left_section_menu"> <p>在这一页上</p><年代p一个nclass="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#abstract" aria-label="">摘要</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#introduction" aria-label="">介绍</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#conclusions" aria-label="">结论</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#acknowledgments" aria-label="">致谢</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#references" aria-label="">参考文献</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#copyright" aria-label="">版权</一个></年代p一个n></d我v> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ContentWrapper-sc-1bf4078-3 bbzREB contentWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__Content-sc-1bf4078-4 jknsZc content"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-0 eSvjPB article_contents"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 jntdRu article_contents__sections_wrapper"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 hAzjHP"> <div class="sc-chbbiW mBGSe article_header_class"> <p class="sc-kZmsYB bkiEfx article_type">研究文章|<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->开放获取</p><d我vclass="sc-RcBXQ ztvYg article_citation"> 体积<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 2012<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</年代p一个n>文章的ID<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 214959<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</年代p一个n><一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fQejPQ duuwge" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/214959" aria-label="Doi-link">https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/214959</一个></d我v><d我vclass="sc-LKuAh lcOiDF article_full_citation"> <div class="sc-hzNEM gsmOCv isHide"> <p>Gaajendra K. Agarwal, Sira M. Allende, Carlos N. Bouza<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->，<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> ＂<年代p一个nclass="adjust-article-svg-size">在无响应的第二阶段采用排序集选择的双重抽样:分析结果和蒙特卡罗经验</年代p一个n>＂，<gydF4y2Ba!-- --><i>概率与统计杂志</我>，<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 卷。<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2012<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->，<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 文章的ID<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->214959<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->，<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 12<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->   页面<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->，<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 2012<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->．<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/214959</p></d我v><button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iBEsjs kPshFw" color="">显示引用</button></d我v> <h1 class="sc-iRbamj jZOxOO sc-iSDuPN gaKwvw article_title adjust-article-svg-size heading-title">在无响应的第二阶段采用排序集选择的双重抽样:分析结果和蒙特卡罗经验</h1></d我v><d我vclass="sc-jrIrqw eHMFfo article_authors"> <hr class="sc-cEvuZC XkrFe hr__author"> <span class="">Gaajendra k·阿加瓦尔<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->，<年代up>1</gydF4y2Ba年代up></年代p一个n><年代pan class="">西拉·M·阿连德<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->，<年代up>2</gydF4y2Ba年代up>和</年代p一个n><年代p一个nclass=""><b>卡洛斯·n·Bouza</b><一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail Option"><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-hjRWVT irNWJI icon-colored _2zt-1j0LmaF8UjTQAM413G icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a><sup>2</年代up></年代p一个n><d我v class="sc-fHxwqH dMuGGA isHide"> <p><sup>1</年代up><年代p一个n>古巴计算机训练研究所软件开发部</年代p一个n></p><p><sup>2</年代up><年代p一个n>古巴哈瓦那哈瓦那大学</年代p一个n></p></d我v> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iQtOjA kfDwZY" color="">显示更多</button></d我v> <div class="articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 evMkvU"> <div class="articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 fYrLtk"> <b>学术编辑器:</b>gydF4y2Ba人赖唐</d我v><d我vclass="articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 fjviok"> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">收到了</年代p一个n><年代p一个nclass="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年5月19日</年代p一个n></d我v><d我vclass="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">修订过的</年代p一个n><年代p一个nclass="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年12月05</年代p一个n></d我v><d我vclass="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">接受</年代p一个n><年代p一个nclass="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年12月21日</年代p一个n></d我v><d我vclass="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC isPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">发表</年代p一个n><年代p一个nclass="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2012年3月12</年代p一个n></d我v></d我v> </div> <article class="sc-jtRlXQ pzSfk article_body "> <div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">摘要</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba摘要本文研究了在使用排序集合样本时，使用双重抽样处理无响应问题的行为。推导了抽样策略的特点。误差的结构产生了研究策略最优性的需要，进行了一系列的蒙特卡罗实验。</p><年代p一个nclass="end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction">1.导言</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba通常的调查抽样理论是在假设人口有限的情况下发展起来的<年代vghe我ght＝＂14．6625" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:108.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 108.625 14.6625" width="108.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.277946" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.318335" y="0"> ｛</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.319775" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-35.7,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30.82,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> ．．.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.79225" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.993498" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,0.11,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,8.84,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ｝</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是由可以被完美识别的个体组成的。一个示例<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．1875" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7 7.1875" width="7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>大小<年代vghe我ght＝＂11．93.75" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-1.29163pt;width:41.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 41.987499 11.9375" width="41.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.45)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6773224" y="0"> ≤</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.71771" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>被选中。利息变量<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6125 10.325" width="11.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在每个选定的单位中测量。现实生活中的调查应处理缺失观察值的存在。有三种解决方案来应对这一事实：忽略无应答者、对无应答者进行二次抽样或估算缺失值。忽略无应答者是一个危险的决定，对二次抽样是一个保守且昂贵的解决方案解释。插补通常用于补偿项目无响应。有关主题的讨论，请参见Rueda和González[<一个href="#B9">1</一个>］，辛格[<一个href="#B13">2</一个>例如,]。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba部分<一个href="#sec2">2</一个>提出了选择单个样本时无响应的问题。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba我们考虑使用双重抽样来获取辅助变量的信息<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.4125 10.325" width="13.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>．第一个大样本被选择，它被认为是不昂贵的。的值<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.4125 10.325" width="13.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>用于选择排序集样本（RSS），因为使用第一阶段样本中的值对单位进行排序。选择第二个样本提供了来自初步大样本的子样本。关于使用简单随机双样本（SRS）的文献很多。教科书给出了基本理论，见Singh[<一个href="#B13">2</一个>］和科克伦[<一个href="#B3">3.</一个>］．在本文中，我们考虑了一个排序集抽样(RSS)的双重抽样程序。在本节中有介绍<一个href="#sec3">3.</一个>一个估算器家族被认为是替代辛格和库马尔的建议的RSS [<一个href="#B12">4</一个>］．给出了由我们提出的估计量引起的精度增益的表达式。将估计量与简单均值进行比较，并将辛格和库马尔的建议[<一个href="#B12">4</一个>］．实际数据用于评估第节中人口平均数的这些替代估计器的行为<一个href="#sec4">4</一个>．</p><h4gydF4y2Baid="the-nonresponse-problem:-a-single-sample">2.无响应问题:单个示例</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba一些单位拒绝给出该值的真实值可能会导致不响应<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M7" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6125 10.325" width="11.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>或者其他原因。1946年汉森和赫维茨[<一个href="#B5">5</一个>］建议在未被调查者中选择一个子样本，参见Cochran [<一个href="#B3">3.</一个>］．这个特性很大程度上依赖于所提出的子抽样规则。抽样规则是汉森和赫维茨提出的[<一个href="#B5">5</一个>］，年代r在一个th［<gydF4y2Ba一个href="#B14">6</一个>］， Bouza [<一个href="#B1">7</一个>］．无响应的存在解决了这个问题<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．53.75" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:12.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.8625 10.5375" width="12.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>分为两层:<年代vghe我ght＝＂14．8125＂ id="M9" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:107.4px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 107.4 14.8125" width="107.4" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.14,60.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.79,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> ｛</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.029325" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.431581" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.47197" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.762421" y="0"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.727551" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>第一次访问时回复}，<年代vghe我ght＝＂15．125＂我d="M10" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:85.087502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 85.087502 15.125" width="85.087502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.78,63.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.97,59.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-50.62,63.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.618168" y="0"> ⧵</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.945404" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-8.86,59.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>．类似的<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．1875" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7 7.1875" width="7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>被划分到<年代vghe我ght＝＂11．05＂ id="M12" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.025px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.025 11.05" width="11.025" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.45,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.3625" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:39.337502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 39.337502 14.3625" width="39.337502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⊂</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-51.1,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-47.88,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="12.8875" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-1.76814pt;width:46.512501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 46.512501 12.8875" width="46.512501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.8875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3517642" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.392153" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.643654" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.857405" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>．该程序是一种特殊的双采样设计，使用Hansen-Hurvitz规则(HHR)如下所述。</p><p><年代p一个nclass="statement" id="step1"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">步骤1。</我></年代p一个n>选择一个样本<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．1875" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7 7.1875" width="7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>从…起<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．53.75" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:12.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.8625 10.5375" width="12.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>使用srswr。</年代p一个n></p><p><span class="statement" id="step2"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">步骤2。</我></年代p一个n>评估<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6125 10.325" width="11.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>并确定<年代vghe我ght＝＂14．775" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:115px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 115 14.775" width="115" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.775)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.18)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ｛</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.00144" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.75,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.05,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.015863" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.380131" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.420521" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-14.12,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-5.78,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⊂</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,15.08,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>，</我><年代vghe我ght＝＂14.6" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:21.7875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.7875 14.6" width="21.7875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.97,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.1,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.6625" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:36.537498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36.537498 14.6625" width="36.537498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.7,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.82,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ｝</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>．</我>计算<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq2.1"> <svg height="41.6875" id="M21" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 41.6875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,41.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-38.65)"> <g> <path d="m 174.06,58.96 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.06,50.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.26,47.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.61,50.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-10.81"> ∑</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.27,68.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.62,65.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.27,56.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.95,61.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.15,58.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 201.84,53.7 36.53,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.56,41.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.78,38.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.56,50.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="225.19" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.3535" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.605" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="238.73074" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="244.98225" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></p> <p><span class="statement" id="step3"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">步骤3。</我></年代p一个n>确定<年代vghe我ght＝＂17．825001" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-4.22832pt;width:64.737503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 64.737503 17.825001" width="64.737503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.74,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.39,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39.14,58.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.26,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>，</我><年代vghe我ght＝＂11.0625" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt;width:39.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 39.237499 11.0625" width="39.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.990617" y="0"> ></t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.031006" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>；<年代vghe我ght＝＂14．6＂我d="M24" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:60.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 60.237499 14.6" width="60.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.78,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.81,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.93,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.979553" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-28.73,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>与<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．925" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:13.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.1 10.925" width="13.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.45,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>＝</我><年代vghe我ght＝＂14.8125" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:105.55px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 105.55 14.8125" width="105.55" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ｛</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.00144" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.391193" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.431581" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.408737" y="0"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.210369" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.600121" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.640511" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,1.51,60.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,6.39,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ｝</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>．</我></年代p一个n></p> <p><span class="statement" id="step4"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">步骤4。</我></年代p一个n>选择一个子样本<年代vghe我ght＝＂17．825001" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-4.22832pt;width:18.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.299999 17.825001" width="18.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.45,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>大小<年代vghe我ght＝＂17．825001" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-4.22832pt;width:13.9875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.9875 17.825001" width="13.9875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.74,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>从…起<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．925" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:13.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.1 10.925" width="13.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.45,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>使用srswr。</年代p一个n></p><p><span class="statement" id="step5"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">第5步。</我></年代p一个n>评估<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:16.825001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.825001 10.325" width="16.825001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在<年代vghe我ght＝＂17．825001" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-4.22832pt;width:13.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.1 17.825001" width="13.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.45,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.775" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:19.4px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.4 14.775" width="19.4" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.775)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.18)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ｛</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.00144" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.75,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i><sub>:</年代ub></我><年代vgheight="17.825001" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-4.22832pt;width:74.912498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 74.912498 17.825001" width="74.912498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.78,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3517642" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.392153" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-42.88,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.53,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⊂</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-17,58.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>，</我><年代vghe我ght＝＂14.6625" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:57.099998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 57.099998 14.6625" width="57.099998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.45,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.1,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⊂</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-37.25,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-32.37,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ｝</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>．</我>计算<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq2.2"> <svg height="50.162498" id="M35" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 50.162498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,50.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-31.87)"> <g> <path d="m 174.06,54.24 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.06,45.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.26,52.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.61,45.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-10.8"> ∑</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.27,64.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.62,67.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ”</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="6.5300002"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.27,51.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.95,56.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.15,53.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 201.84,48.97 36.53,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.56,36.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.78,41.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.56,45.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="225.19" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.3535" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.605" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="238.73074" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="244.98225" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></p> <p><span class="statement" id="step6"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">步骤6。</我></年代p一个n>估计<我><我>μ</gydF4y2Ba我></我><年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq2.3"> <svg height="29.512501" id="M36" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 29.512501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,29.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.39)"> <g> <path d="m 123.88,69.81 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 123.88,65.69 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.88,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.91" y="-9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6773224" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.01,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 146.79,60.42 11.09,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.23,48.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 159.08,65.69 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.08,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.28,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.93,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.68,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 185.47,60.42 11.09,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.91,48.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 197.75,65.69 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.75,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.95,63.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.3,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.03,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 238.9,65.69 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.9,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.11,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.76,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.79,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 278.67,65.69 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,278.67,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.87,63.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,289.74,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="175.00999" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="179.17349" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="185.425" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="188.55075" y="0"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="194.80225" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></p> <p>注意(<一个href="#EEq2.1">2.1</一个>）是从以下各项中选择的srswr样本的平均值：<年代vghe我ght＝＂14．23.75＂ id="M37" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:17.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.237499 14.2375" width="17.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.14,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>，则其期望值为的平均值<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M38" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6125 10.325" width="11.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在应答层中:<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．725" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:15.2625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.2625 10.725" width="15.2625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.71,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>.我们有条件的期望(<一个href="#EEq2.2">2.2</一个>）是<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq2.4"> <svg height="19.9375" id="M40" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.9375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.43,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.76" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 185.98,69.05 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.98,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.18,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4799995"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.52,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.3" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.57" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.8016319" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 233.12,69.05 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.12,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.33,57.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.2,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="220.55" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.7135" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.965" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="234.09074" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="240.34225" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>作为(<一个href="#EEq2.4">2.4</一个>）为从无响应地层中选取的SRSWR样本的平均值<年代vghe我ght＝＂14．23.75＂ id="M41" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:17.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.237499 14.2375" width="17.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.14,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><span class="equation" id="EEq2.5"> <svg height="19.9375" id="M42" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.9375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.44,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.690001" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.9271421" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 189.92,69.05 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.92,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.12,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4799995"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.47,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.3" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.7891288" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.559999" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.587887" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.31,57.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,249.18,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="215.57001" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219.73351" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="225.985" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.11075" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.36224" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>考虑到这一点<年代vghe我ght＝＂14．7125＂ id="M43" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:192.71249px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 192.71249 14.7125" width="192.71249" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3517642" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.392153" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.643654" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.857405" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.272404" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.199547" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.363045" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.37,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-8.15,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.88121" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,28.38,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,31.6,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.591721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.619608" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.833599" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,78.9,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的无偏性<一个href="#EEq2.3">2.3.</一个>）很容易得出。</p><p>（的方差<一个href="#EEq2.3">2.3.</一个>）通过使用以下技巧推断：<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq2.6"> <svg height="19.9375" id="M44" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.9375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.05)"> <g> <path d="m 114.91,69.05 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,114.91,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.709999" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.559999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.16,57.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 157.03,69.05 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.03,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.24,57.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.89,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.92,57.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 196.8,69.05 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.8,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203,57.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.87,58.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.970221" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.53,56.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.49,58.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 254.51,69.05 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.51,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.71,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4799995"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.37,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 279.71,69.05 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.71,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,285.91,57.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,290.78,58.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.51"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="173.97" y="-2.51"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="178.1335" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="184.38499" y="-2.51"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="187.51074" y="-2.51"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="193.76225" y="-2.51"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>第一项是的均值<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．1875" id="M45" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7 7.1875" width="7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>，则其方差为<我><我>σ</gydF4y2Ba我><年代up>2</gydF4y2Ba年代up>/n。</我>在第二个任期内，我们有这样的机会<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq1"> <svg height="103.325" id="M46" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 103.325" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,103.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,10.66)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,38.63,58.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.09" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.940001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,66.26,54.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,73.22,55.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 79.07,66.42 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,79.07,58.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,85.27,64.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,92.92,58.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 104.27,66.42 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.27,58.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.47,54.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.34,55.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.629999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3299999" y="-2.52"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.119129" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.950001" y="-2.52"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.990391" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.02,63.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.89,58.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6800003" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 188.42,66.42 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.42,58.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.63,64.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.28,58.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.86,54.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.73,58.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 248.18,66.42 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,248.18,58.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.38,54.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,262.04,58.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,280.62,54.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,285.49,58.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.940001" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.428462" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,311.28,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.29,29.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.02,34.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.98,24.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.7399998" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.42" y="-2.4000001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.271404" y="-2.4000001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 202.1,38.23 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.1,29.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.3,36.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.95,29.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.53,26.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.41,27.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.620001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3199997" y="-2.52"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.121632" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,266.89,37.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,274.54,29.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.02" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.871405" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 307.26,38.23 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,307.26,29.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,313.46,26.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,321.12,29.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,339.7,26.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,344.57,27.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.629999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3299999" y="-2.52"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.119129" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,372.05,37.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.99,-2.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.816055" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.57" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.421406" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 214.27,6.19 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.27,-2.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.47,4.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.12,-2.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.7,-5.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.58,-4.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9269018" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.778306" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 271.22,6.19 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,271.22,-2.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,277.42,-5.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,285.07,-2.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,303.65,-5.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,308.53,-4.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.469999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.41" y="2.4100001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.23" y="-2.51"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8514042" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.17" y="-2.51"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.971632" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="156.22" y="-32.259998"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="160.3835" y="-32.259998"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="166.63499" y="-32.259998"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="169.76074" y="-32.259998"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="176.01225" y="-32.259998"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>固定条件作用<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．925" id="M47" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:13.9875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.9875 10.925" width="13.9875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.74,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>我们知道第三个任期的期望是<年代vghe我ght＝＂17．887501" id="M48" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:63.262501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 63.262501 17.887501" width="63.262501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.8875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m -67.79,69.25 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.79,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.59,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.93,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-35.35,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30.48,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-26.31,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>. 那我们就有了<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq2.7"> <svg height="96.887497" id="M49" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 96.887497" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,96.8875)"> <g transform="translate(72,5.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,46.06,49.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.08" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.93" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,73.68,46.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,80.64,47.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 86.49,57.99 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,86.49,49.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,92.7,55.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,100.35,49.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 111.69,57.99 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,111.69,49.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.89,46.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,122.77,47.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.620001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3199997" y="-2.51"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.109129" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.950001" y="-2.51"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.977886" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.44,54.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.4,39.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.3" y="-19.959999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.04,64.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.7460001" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 193.7,52.73 18.02,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.17,40.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.38,44.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.7,49.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.53" y="-10.23"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.57,64.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.756" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 228.23,52.73 18.03,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.7,40.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.91,37.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.45,39.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.58" y="-9.7299995"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.607885" y="-9.7299995"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,282.75,54.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,287.63,49.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,294.97,54.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.7460001" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,307.73,42.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.86" y="-14.58"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 318.31,52.73 11.08,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.31,40.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,324.52,37.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,333.37,49.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.96" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 345.91,52.73 11.09,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,345.91,40.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,352.12,37.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,358.19,42.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.46" y="-7.3299999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-233.2" y="41.389999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-227.35001" y="38.880001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-254.21001" y="38.880001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-245.28285" y="38.880001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,140.53,0.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.49,0.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 153.34,11.78 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.34,3.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.54,9.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.19,3.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 178.54,11.78 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.54,3.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.74,0.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.61,0.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.629999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.950001" y="-2.51"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.189999" y="-12.74"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3299999" y="-2.51"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.119129" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.25,10.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.21,13.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1599998" y="0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.462952" y="0.0099999998"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.803173" y="0.0099999998"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.054672" y="0.0099999998"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.306171" y="0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,299.86,18.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.7460001" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 233.8,6.51 76.74,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,269.06,-5.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.669998" y="-8.75"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="195.69" y="-35.48"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="199.8535" y="-35.48"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="206.105" y="-35.48"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="209.23074" y="-35.48"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="215.48225" y="-35.48"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>因此，(<一个href="#EEq2.3">2.3.</一个>）是由众所周知的短语给出的<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq2.9"> <svg height="37.625" id="M50" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 37.625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,37.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-41.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.32,50.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.01" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.9271421" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 151.7,63.32 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 151.7,59.19 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,151.7,50.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.1999998" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.280001" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.51" y="-10.03"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.55,65.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 182.21,53.93 13.64,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.92,42.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.91" y="-8.75"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.450001" y="-18.98"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.82,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.78,61.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.453947" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.806671" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.05817" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.297169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,278.43,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="9.21"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.7460001" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 212.37,53.93 76.74,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.63,42.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.669998" y="-8.75"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="217.12" y="-8.75"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="221.28349" y="-8.75"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="227.535" y="-8.75"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.66075" y="-8.75"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.91225" y="-8.75"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>我们的建议是考虑获取已知变量提供的信息。<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M51" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.4125 10.325" width="13.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>使用RSS。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba麦金太尔(<一个href="#B8">8</一个>］提出了RSS方法。他注意到，相对于srswr而言，使用样本均值的精度存在增益。戴尔和杂乱[<一个href="#B4">9</一个>］还有高桥和和木本[<一个href="#B15">10</一个>为他的主张提供了数学上的支持。下面的过程提供了RSS选择的描述。</p><h5gydF4y2Baid="sec2.1">2．1．RSS过程</h5><p><年代p一个nclass="statement" id="step10"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">步骤1。</我></年代p一个n>随机选择<年代vghe我ght＝＂13.．9＂我d="M52" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:17.3125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.3125 13.9" width="17.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.9)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.88)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>目标人群的单位。</年代p一个n></p><p><span class="statement" id="step20"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">步骤2。</我></年代p一个n>分配<年代vghe我ght＝＂13.．9＂我d="M53" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:17.3125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.3125 13.9" width="17.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.9)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.88)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>尽可能随机地选择单位<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．13.74998" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:11.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.225 7.1374998" width="11.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>集合，每个大小<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．13.74998" id="M55" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:11.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.225 7.1374998" width="11.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>．</年代p一个n></p><p><span class="statement" id="step30"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">步骤3。</我></年代p一个n>在不知道感兴趣变量的任何值的情况下，根据感兴趣变量对每组中的单位进行排序。这可以基于个人专业判断，也可以使用与感兴趣变量相关的伴随变量进行排序。</年代p一个n></p><p><span class="statement" id="step40"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">步骤4。</我></年代p一个n>通过在第一个集合中包含最小的排名单位，在第二个集合中包含第二个最小的排名单位，选择用于实际量化的样本，该过程以这种方式继续，直到从最后一个集合中选择最大的排名单位。</年代p一个n></p><p><span class="statement" id="step50"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">第5步。</我></年代p一个n>重复步骤<一个href="#step10">1</一个>通过<一个href="#step40">4</一个>为<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．0124998" id="M56" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:6.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 6.5 7.0124998" width="6.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>循环以获得一个大小的样本<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．13.74998" id="M57" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:17.6px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.6 7.1374998" width="17.6" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.8771296" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>实际的量化。</年代p一个n></p><p>RSS样本是顺序统计(OS)<年代vghe我ght＝＂16．4125＂ id="M58" style="vertical-align:-4.68874pt;width:114.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 114.1 16.4125" width="114.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.4125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.87)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.54,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7519999" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.677104" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="19.053104" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="21.96752" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-41.33,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> ．．.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.79225" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.169498" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-6.74,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.128336" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.600608" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="19.814528" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="22.728945" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>，</我>在哪里<年代vghe我ght＝＂13.．725＂ id="M59" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:47.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 47.1875 13.725" width="47.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.490497" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.355364" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.569595" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.733093" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>表示顺序的统计量<年代vghe我ght＝＂12．675＂ id="M60" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:7.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.1374998 12.675" width="7.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在<我>h</gydF4y2Ba我>循环中的样本<年代vghe我ght＝＂12．8875" id="M61" style="vertical-align:-1.76814pt;width:69.849998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 69.849998 12.8875" width="69.849998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.8875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.88241" y="0"> ．．.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.460907" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.67466" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>．</我>我们有<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．13.74998" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:44.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 44.75 7.1374998" width="44.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6773224" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.71771" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.594841" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>观察和<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．0124998" id="M63" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:6.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 6.5 7.0124998" width="6.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>他们中的一个是<年代vghe我ght＝＂9．9250002" id="M64" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>阶统计量(os)<年代vghe我ght＝＂12．8875" id="M65" style="vertical-align:-1.76814pt;width:74.537498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 74.537498 12.8875" width="74.537498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.8875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3517642" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.392153" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.643654" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.857405" y="0"> ．．.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.435902" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.649654" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>．感兴趣变量的均值的RSS估计量<年代vghe我ght＝＂16．475＂ id="M66" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:39.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 39.5625 16.475" width="39.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.82)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.0264459" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.403696" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.29,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq2.10"> <svg height="37.162498" id="M67" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 37.162498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,37.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-42.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.01,51.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.24,48.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.16,48.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.88,48.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173,51.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-10.66"> ∑</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.66,68.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.9300003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7393761" y="9.9300003"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7344961" y="9.9300003"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.43,61.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∑</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.86,68.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.9300003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="9.9300003"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="9.9300003"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.54,61.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.95,58.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.10856" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.322479" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="19.236897" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 186.23,54.29 84.19,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.34,42.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.1012239" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.279999" y="-8.75"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="237.14999" y="-8.75"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="241.31349" y="-8.75"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="247.565" y="-8.75"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="250.69075" y="-8.75"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="256.94226" y="-8.75"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="263.19376" y="-8.75"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>它的方差是<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq2.11"> <svg height="42.112499" id="M68" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 42.112499" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,42.1125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-38.31)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.91,47.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.08" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.940001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.08,44.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,122,44.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,131.72,44.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.36,45.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3299999" y="-2.52"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.559999" y="-15.95"> ∑</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.35,67.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.9399996"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="9.9399996"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="9.9399996"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.02,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.36,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.53,54.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="7.2210598" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="11.65998" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 161.92,50.7 52.34,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.67,38.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.1012239" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.64,41.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.93,47.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.12" y="-11.76"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.39,64.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="9.1499996"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 232.17,50.7 13.97,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.17,38.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.950001" y="-8.75"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.49" y="-20.360001"> ∑</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.1012239" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,274.08,65.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.9399996"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="9.9399996"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="9.9399996"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,289.76,59.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,298.79,64.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="9.2200003"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.10856" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.322479" y="9.2200003"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 262.66,50.7 55.86,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,281.16,38.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.1012239" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,295.14,41.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,319.72,47.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="138.77" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="142.9335" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="149.185" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.31075" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="158.56226" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="164.81375" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vghe我ght＝＂23.．075001" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-7.4624pt;width:31.674999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 31.674999 23.075001" width="31.674999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,23.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-53.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.61,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.45,54.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="7.2210598" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="11.65998" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="19.825001" id="M70" style="vertical-align:-4.68874pt;width:151.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 151.0625 19.825001" width="151.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.955029" y="0"> ［</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.118526" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-41.41,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.10856" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.322479" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-18.89,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.005039" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.168539" y="0"> ［</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.332039" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,15.87,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.10856" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.322479" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,35.6,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ］</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,43.93,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vghe我ght＝＂16．53.75" id="M71" style="vertical-align:-4.68874pt;width:158.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 158.8125 16.5375" width="158.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.77)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.92,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.10856" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.322479" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39.71,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.118526" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.282026" y="0"> ［</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.445526" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-0.84,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.10856" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.322479" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,18.89,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ］</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.442884" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.057213" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>．</p><p>gydF4y2Ba第二学期(<一个href="#EEq2.11">2．11</一个>）是由于使用RSS代替srswr而获得的精度增益。</p><p>Bouza [<ggydF4y2BaydF4y2Ba一个href="#B2">11</一个>］开发了一种RSS替代方案。没有反应<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．1875" id="M72" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7 7.1875" width="7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．925" id="M73" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:56.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.9375 10.925" width="56.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.74,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.39,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.12911" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.37,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>．他通过子样本大小得出了这个结论<年代vghe我ght＝＂17．825001" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-4.22832pt;width:71.400002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 71.400002 17.825001" width="71.400002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.07,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.73,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-33.81,58.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-28.94,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>，</我><年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq2"> <svg height="53.275002" id="M75" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 53.275002" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,53.275)"> <g transform="translate(72,-29.38)"> <g> <path d="m 144.2,51.74 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.2,43.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.4,49.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.78,40.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.47,43.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.24" y="-12.5"> ∑</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.13,62.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.9300003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7393761" y="9.9300003"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7344961" y="9.9300003"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.83,55.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∑</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.25,64.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.47,67.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ”</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="6.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.25,51.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.93,55.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.13,52.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.10856" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.45,55.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ”</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="6.5300002"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,262.08,52.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 181.71,46.48 86.52,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.54,34.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.1012239" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.52,38.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,269.43,43.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="189.06" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="193.2235" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="199.47501" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="202.60075" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="208.85225" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="215.10374" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>对平均值没有偏见<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M76" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6125 10.325" width="11.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在nr层。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba交叉期望的期望值为零。在这种情况下，RSS是平衡的，我们可以将顺序统计（OS）的方差表示为<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M77" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6125 10.325" width="11.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在<年代vghe我ght＝＂14．23.75＂ id="M78" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:17.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.237499 14.2375" width="17.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.14,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i><sub>，</年代ub></我><年代vgheight="18.825001" id="M79" style="vertical-align:-6.53078pt;width:59.900002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 59.900002 18.825001" width="59.900002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.94)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.1892252" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.352724" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.4,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.10856" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.07,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ”</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="6.5300002"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.45,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-28.3,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的测量精度增益<年代vghe我ght＝＂20．975" id="M80" style="vertical-align:-5.63791pt;width:37.950001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 37.950001 20.975" width="37.950001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.22)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.92,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.05832" y="9.21"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.972736" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.694608" y="9.21"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.82,60.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="16.4625" id="M81" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:13.95px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.95 16.4625" width="13.95" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-69.87,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.39,62.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>作为<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq3"> <svg height="48.875" id="M82" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 48.875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,48.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-32.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,86.41,49.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.08" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 104.34,57.64 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.34,49.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.55,46.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.2,49.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 129.54,57.64 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,129.54,49.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,135.74,55.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,140.12,46.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.81,49.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.31" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.8016319" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.629999" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.657887" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.82,54.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="9.21"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.7460001" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.58,41.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.99" y="-14.58"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 218.16,52.38 11.08,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.16,40.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.37,44.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.22,49.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.95" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 245.76,52.38 11.08,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.76,40.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.97,37.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.04,41.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.16" y="-7.3200002"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.7,65.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,290.91,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,281.54,42.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,283.07,35.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,298.89,60.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,307.92,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.05832" y="9.21"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.972736" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.694608" y="9.21"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 298.89,52.38 27.13,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,300.04,40.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,306.25,44.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,311.12,40.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,320,36.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,327.22,49.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="131.27" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="135.4335" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="141.685" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="144.81075" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="151.06226" y="0"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="157.31375" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>替换<年代vghe我ght＝＂17．825001" id="M83" style="vertical-align:-4.22832pt;width:79.287498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 79.287498 17.825001" width="79.287498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.74,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.39,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.12911" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.37,58.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-26.5,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-13.5,58.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>我们获得以下资料:<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq4"> <svg height="49.674999" id="M84" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 49.674999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,49.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-32.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,32.36,48.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.09" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 50.3,57 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,50.3,48.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,56.5,45.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,60.88,45.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,73.88,48.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 85.22,57 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,85.22,48.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,91.42,54.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,95.8,45.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,109.49,48.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.3" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.629999" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.860001" y="-10.23"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.8016319" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,151.69,63.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.756" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 144.35,51.74 18.02,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.81,39.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.84" y="-1.4299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.42" y="-17.889999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.75,54.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.41,57.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 176.23,51.74 34.77,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.74,39.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.61,36.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.2,41.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.15" y="-7.3200002"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.85,64.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.07,62.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.69,42.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.22,34.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.04,60.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,262.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.05832" y="9.21"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.972736" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.694608" y="9.21"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="19.16688" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,287.45,54.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,291.08,56.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 253.04,51.74 41.45,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,264.34,39.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.1012239" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,278.32,36.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,297.77,41.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.57" y="-16.459999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,317.87,54.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.52,57.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 308.34,51.74 34.78,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.85,39.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,327.73,36.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,344.31,41.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.85" y="-7.3200002"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.877886" y="-7.3200002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,376.39,45.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,381.26,48.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.230003" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.393501" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.644997" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.770752" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="97.022247" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="103.27375" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>以RSS估计器为例<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq2.12"> <svg height="78.212502" id="M85" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 78.212502" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,78.2125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-9.43)"> <g> <path d="m 117.32,69.81 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 117.32,65.69 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.32,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.52,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.21,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.24" y="-9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.66,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 150.45,60.42 11.08,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.88,48.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 162.73,65.69 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.73,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.93,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.31,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.31,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.06,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 198.85,60.42 11.08,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.28,48.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 211.13,65.69 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.13,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.33,63.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.71,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.4,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.13,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 262,65.69 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,262,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.21,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,277.93,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,285.58,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,306.62,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 311.49,65.69 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,311.49,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,317.69,63.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4700003"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,322.07,54.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,332.29,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-229.94" y="43.889999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-250.95" y="38.970001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-242.02286" y="38.970001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 109.71,30.85 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 109.71,26.72 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,109.71,18.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.92,15.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.14,13.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.309999" y="-14.95"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.79,33.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="9.0200005"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 150.45,21.46 13.64,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.16,9.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.91" y="-8.75"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.440001" y="-18.98"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.06,25.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.01,28.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.466452" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.806671" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.05817" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.309673" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.67,33.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.7460001" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 180.6,21.46 76.75,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.87,9.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.450001" y="-8.75"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.790222" y="-8.75"> Ψ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.192955" y="-8.75"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.356453" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.546158" y="-8.75"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.797661" y="-8.75"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.62" y="-28.01"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="246.78349" y="-28.01"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="253.035" y="-28.01"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="256.16074" y="-28.01"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="262.41226" y="-28.01"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="268.66376" y="-28.01"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>由于RSS的使用，在精确度上有了提高<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq5"> <svg height="56.6875" id="M86" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 56.6875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,56.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-26.65)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.16,45.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.41" y="-0.0099999998"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.573499" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.750702" y="-0.0099999998"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.390034" y="-0.0099999998"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.430424" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.05,42.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.01,45.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.07" y="-12.93"> ⎛</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.07" y="-2.1800001"> ⎜</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.07" y="8.5699997"> ⎜</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.07" y="19.26"> ⎝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.889999" y="-14.9"> ∑</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.453947" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.806671" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.05817" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.297169" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.33,67.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.54,65.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.33,56.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254,60.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,263.03,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.81" y="12.63"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.87"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="10.87"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.91" y="10.87"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="17.631872" y="10.87"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="22.104143" y="10.87"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,291.34,52.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,294.97,53.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 226.9,49.08 72.66,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,256.36,37.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.23,34.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,300.76,58.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⎞</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="10.75"> ⎟</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="21.5"> ⎟</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="32.189999"> ⎠</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.71" y="12.94"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="157.73" y="12.94"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="161.89349" y="12.94"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="168.145" y="12.94"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="171.27075" y="12.94"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="177.52225" y="12.94"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="183.77374" y="12.94"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vghe我ght＝＂21．012501" id="M87" style="vertical-align:-5.63791pt;width:173.25px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 173.25 21.012501" width="173.25" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.19)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.92,66.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.05832" y="9.2200003"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.972736" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.694608" y="9.2200003"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="19.16688" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="25.3808" y="9.2200003"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30.66,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.131029" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.294529" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,5.33,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.10856" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.322479" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,27.84,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,46.42,57.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,53.35,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.52,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,62.39,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是由于第二阶段使用或RSS而获得的精度增益。</p><h4gydF4y2Baid="the-nonresponse-problem:-double-sampling">3.无响应问题:双重抽样</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba我们将考虑双重抽样用于获取样本<我>*</我>从…起<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．53.75" id="M88" style="vertical-align:-0.16302pt;width:12.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.8625 10.5375" width="12.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.57)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>使用srswr。一个廉价的变量<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M89" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.4125 10.325" width="13.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是以<我>*</我>．<我>X</gydF4y2Ba我>与<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M90" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6125 10.325" width="11.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>我们可以计算它的均值<年代vghe我ght＝＂12．3.125＂ id="M91" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:13.925px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.925 12.3125" width="13.925" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.3125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.15)"> <g> <path d="m -71.95,70.71 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在第一阶段，没有反应。在第二阶段，我们知道<年代vghe我ght＝＂20．725" id="M92" style="vertical-align:-3.80836pt;width:113.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 113.625 20.725" width="113.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.42)"> <g> <path d="m -71.95,67.67 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,56.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.22,58.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.48,59.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.200001" y="0.02"> ∑</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-25.85,65.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-21.5,69.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-25.85,55.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-10.18,59.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-3.3,56.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-0.08,59.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,13.77,64.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vghe我ght＝＂22．075001" id="M93" style="vertical-align:-3.80836pt;width:97.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 97.75 22.075001" width="97.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,22.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-54.34)"> <g> <path d="m -71.95,70.71 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m -71.95,66.59 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.549999" y="0.02"> ∑</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.339981" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.380369" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-33.97,64.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.9399996"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="9.9399996"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="9.9399996"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-18.3,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.42,55.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-8.2,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。请注意，这些估算仅在估算过程中使用。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba没有回应<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M94" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6125 10.325" width="11.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>存在于第二阶段的样本中，并在非应答者中选择一个子样本。辛格和库马尔[<一个href="#B12">4</一个>［用简单随机抽样的方法来考虑这个问题。他们提出了具有以下特征的估计器族<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq3.1"> <svg height="48.900002" id="M95" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 48.900002" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,48.9)"> <g transform="translate(72,-32.88)"> <g> <path d="m 81.79,57.41 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,81.79,49.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,87.99,55.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,96.54,49.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 108.57,61.54 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 108.57,57.41 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,108.57,49.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.21" y="9.7299995"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.559999" y="-7.2600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 136.41,68.8 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 136.41,64.68 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.41,56.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 126.07,52.15 41.27,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.07,39.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 132.35,48.02 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.35,39.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.23,36.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,143.08,38.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.12,39.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.42" y="0.33000001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.64,68.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.07,41.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.64" y="-14.58"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 204.98,64.68 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.98,56.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 194.65,52.15 41.27,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.65,39.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 200.92,48.02 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.92,39.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.8,36.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.65,38.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.7,39.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.41" y="-2.0799999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.49,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.87,49.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 271.21,61.54 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 271.21,57.41 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,271.21,49.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.91" y="-9.79"> ∑</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,305.55,65.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.9399996"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="9.9399996"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="9.9399996"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,321.22,58.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,327.42,55.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 294.12,52.15 36.52,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,309.02,40.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.82" y="-8.75"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="155.73" y="-8.75"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="159.89349" y="-8.75"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="166.145" y="-8.75"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="169.27075" y="-8.75"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="175.52225" y="-8.75"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>采样器固定常数<我><我>α</gydF4y2Ba我></我>和<我><我>β</gydF4y2Ba我></我>以及<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．1750002" id="M96" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.1750002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．73.75" id="M97" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.4749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.4749999 10.7375" width="7.4749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>．它们可以是常数或函数，<我>一个</我>不同于零。采取<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq6"> <svg height="43.599998" id="M98" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 43.599998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,43.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-37.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,43.72,49.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.5147829" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 66.47,70.7 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 66.47,66.57 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,66.47,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.9771538" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.317375" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,94.04,55.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 66.47,52.17 34.5,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,76.64,40.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,83.88,37.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,102.16,49.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.131029" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.158436" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 150.56,70.71 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 150.56,66.59 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.56,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6398134" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.79,55.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 150.56,52.17 36.17,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.06,40.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.29,37.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.93,49.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.131029" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.521023" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 236.69,66.68 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.69,58.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,243.57,55.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.42,57.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.47,58.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.05,55.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 236.69,52.17 44.3,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.25,40.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.49,37.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,282.18,49.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.131029" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.121407" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 332.54,66.59 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,332.54,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,360.78,55.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 332.54,52.17 36.17,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,343.04,40.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,350.28,37.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,369.91,49.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.839996" y="-2.3900001"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.003502" y="-2.3900001"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="105.255" y="-2.3900001"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.38075" y="-2.3900001"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.63225" y="-2.3900001"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p><span class="statement" id="prop1"><span class="statement-title">第3.1号提案(见[<一个href="#B12">4</一个>］）。</年代p一个n><我>偏见</我><年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq7"> <svg height="48.900002" id="M99" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 48.900002" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,48.9)"> <g transform="translate(72,-32.88)"> <g> <path d="m 123.33,57.41 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.33,49.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,129.54,55.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,138.08,49.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 150.12,61.54 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 150.12,57.41 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.12,49.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.1999998" y="9.7299995"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.559999" y="-7.2600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 177.96,68.8 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 177.96,64.68 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.96,56.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6398134" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 167.62,52.15 41.27,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.62,39.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 173.9,48.02 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.9,39.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.77,36.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.63,38.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.67,39.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.41" y="0.33000001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.19,68.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.62,41.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.63" y="-14.58"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 246.53,64.68 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.53,56.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 236.19,52.15 41.27,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.19,39.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 242.47,48.02 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.47,39.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,249.35,36.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.2,38.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.24,39.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.42" y="-2.0799999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.04,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,464.75,49.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.414999" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.540749" y="0"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.79225" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span><i>是</我><年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq8"> <svg height="28.9625" id="M100" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 28.9625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,28.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.01,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.29" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 163.66,69.81 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 163.66,65.68 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.66,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.86,67.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.94,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.097885" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.29,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.3,54.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8600001" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.48,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.14,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.81,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.68,54.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.51"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="204.07001" y="-2.51"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="208.23351" y="-2.51"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="214.485" y="-2.51"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="217.61075" y="-2.51"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="223.86224" y="-2.51"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span><i>定义</我><年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq9"> <svg height="80.349998" id="M101" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 80.349998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,80.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-7.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,52.45,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,60.77,50.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,69.12,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.919998" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.42" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.759022" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.650002" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.701691" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,129.35,50.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.79,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.53" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.357359" y="-7.25"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.697578" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 154.32,56.57 27.43,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.91,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.030001" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.1" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.02" y="-1.4299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.400002" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.619999" y="-8.7600002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.94772" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.83,50.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.27,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.37941" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.232014" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.77" y="-8.3000002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.522339" y="-8.3000002"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.86256" y="-8.3000002"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 293.04,56.57 27.35,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,303.59,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.900002" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.059999" y="-1.4299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.437248" y="-1.4299999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,356.3,58.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,361.18,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-308.73001" y="36.93"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,60.77,13.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,69.12,16.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.369999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.792009" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.8437" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,122.01,13.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.83,11.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,130.45,13.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,138.07,16.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.367357" y="-7.25"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.707581" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 150.61,19.65 27.42,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.2,7.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.030001" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.09" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.779999" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.79,21.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.98,11.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.1,16.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="253.64999" y="-20.209999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="257.81351" y="-20.209999"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="264.065" y="-20.209999"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="267.19073" y="-20.209999"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="273.44226" y="-20.209999"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span><i>在哪里</我><年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq10"> <svg height="172.14999" id="M102" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 172.14999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,172.15)"> <g transform="translate(72,65.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,47.34,49.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.059999" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8148546" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 70.4,52.83 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,70.42,40.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.2" y="-8.75"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.26" y="-16.01"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 93.16,52.83 11.29,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.16,40.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,99.38,44.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.65,49.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.599998" y="-9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.131029" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.358482" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.71,55.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.66,58.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.466452" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.806671" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.05817" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 154.25,52.83 56.64,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.46,40.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.630001" y="-8.75"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.92453" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.2,54.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.55,49.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.4" y="-9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,276.29,63.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 268.78,52.83 12.55,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.78,39.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,276.4,44.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,282.53,49.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.294529" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,317.65,54.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,321.84,44.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,329.43,49.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.5" y="-11.33"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,350.27,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,354.45,55.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 342.66,52.83 16.18,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,342.66,39.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,350.28,44.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,354.72,34.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,360.03,49.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-243.67999" y="48.860001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.88,-2.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139,0.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.24" y="-11.26"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.48,8.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.79,12.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.13,8.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 152.24,3.97 29.54,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.64,-8.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.88,-11.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.72,-8.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.06,-4.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6000004"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.98,0.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.131029" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.64,-2.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.45,-4.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.08,-2.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.39,0.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-13.95"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.86,11.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,259.68,9.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,263.3,11.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.61,14.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,275.95,19.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,280.76,6.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.39,9.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 247.62,3.97 41.61,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.25,-8.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,261.49,-11.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,266.33,-8.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.67,-4.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6000004"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,278.48,-15.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,290.42,-16.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,295.24,-18.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,299.36,0.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-262.01001" y="50.41"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,44.06,-52.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.19,-49.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.799999" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.65" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.303036" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.643257" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.08,-52.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.39,-52.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9269018" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.79" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.242268" y="-2.52"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.594994" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.23,-52.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.16,-52.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.52"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.224529" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,216.11,-52.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.92,-54.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.55,-52.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.86,-49.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.799999" y="9.7399998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.099998" y="-8.0600004"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.950001" y="-10.58"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.603035" y="-10.58"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.94326" y="-10.58"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,305.05,-42.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,310.36,-41.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9269018" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.79" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.242268" y="-2.52"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.594994" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,352.2,-42.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,359.13,-41.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 267.96,-46.45 97.02,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,309.62,-58.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.44,-61.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,366.17,-59.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.19" y="-9.7399998"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.580002" y="-59.32"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.7435" y="-59.32"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.995" y="-59.32"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.12075" y="-59.32"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="118.37225" y="-59.32"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span><i>方差是</我><年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq11"> <svg height="28.9625" id="M103" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 28.9625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,28.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.15,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.08" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 166.6,69.81 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 166.6,65.68 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.6,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.8,67.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.88,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.097885" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.6,62.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.24,54.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.88,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.54,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.67,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.54,54.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.51"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="206.21001" y="-2.51"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="210.3735" y="-2.51"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="216.625" y="-2.51"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219.75075" y="-2.51"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="226.00224" y="-2.51"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span><i>定义</我><年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq12"> <svg height="126.8125" id="M104" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 126.8125" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,126.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,29.45)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,86.07,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,91.85,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,100.2,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.889999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.33" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.120001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.13,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.21,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.060001" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.50372" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.331078" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.671299" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.647972" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.899471" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.910004" y="-0.0099999998"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.073502" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.900856" y="-0.0099999998"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="91.241081" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.217751" y="-0.0099999998"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="104.45675" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="115.30936" y="-0.0099999998"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.64957" y="-0.0099999998"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="132.90108" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.64,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,298.3,58.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,312.05,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,316.92,58.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.72" y="-2.51"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-211.92" y="32.84"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.7886491" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.79,22.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.14,25.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.879999" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.74" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,151.69,30.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.41,20.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.31,25.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.540001" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.37941" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.389999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.441692" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.281792" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.622013" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.873512" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,241.72,22.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.53,20.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.15,22.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.99,23.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.74,30.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,272.93,20.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,277.05,23.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.469999" y="-13.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,304.34,41.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 298.22,28.81 11.29,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,298.22,16.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,304.44,20.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,310.71,25.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-161.67" y="40.07"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.85,-9.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.2,-14.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.37" y="-10.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.91,1.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 176.43,-11.26 12.49,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.43,-24.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.04,-20.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.11,-14.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.294529" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.23,-9.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.95,-19.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.54,-14.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.5" y="-11.33"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.38,1.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,261.09,-8.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 249.78,-11.26 15.7,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,249.78,-24.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.39,-20.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,261.36,-29.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,266.67,-14.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="198.08" y="-32.540001"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="202.2435" y="-32.540001"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="208.495" y="-32.540001"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="211.62074" y="-32.540001"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="217.87225" y="-32.540001"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span><i></i></span></p> <p>我们要推导这个家族对应的RSS。第一相样品的选择使用srswr和信息<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M105" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.4125 10.325" width="13.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>用于选择初始样本和对非受访者进行二次抽样。我们的建议是<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq3.2"> <svg height="49.712502" id="M106" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 49.712502" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,49.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-32.23)"> <g> <path d="m 113.03,56.77 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,113.03,48.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.24,54.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.24,45.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.93,48.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 144.97,60.89 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 144.97,56.77 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.97,48.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,151.17,45.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.39,38.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.3" y="-18.959999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 178.97,70.13 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 178.97,66.01 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.97,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.84,54.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.84,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 172.69,51.51 43.37,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.74,38.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 180.02,47.38 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.02,38.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.9,35.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.75,38.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.79,38.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.469999" y="0.33000001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.36,68.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.8,41.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.63" y="-14.58"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 253.7,64.03 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.7,55.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 243.37,51.51 41.27,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,243.37,38.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 249.64,47.38 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,249.64,38.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,256.52,35.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.37,38.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,267.42,38.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.41" y="-2.0699999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,295.21,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,300.59,48.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="164.16" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="168.3235" y="0"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="174.575" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="177.70074" y="0"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="183.95226" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span> <svg height="16.1875" id="M107" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:21.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.5 16.1875" width="21.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.05)"> <g> <path d="m -71.95,70.71 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,59.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的RSS平均值是<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M108" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.4125 10.325" width="13.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在第二阶段和<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq13"> <svg height="43.712502" id="M109" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 43.712502" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,43.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-37.03)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,9.13,48.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,15.19,45.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,28.88,48.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 42.11,70.7 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 42.11,66.57 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,42.11,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,48.32,55.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,61.32,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,79.9,55.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 42.11,52.08 44.72,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.39,40.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,64.63,37.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,88.02,48.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.294529" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.38,45.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.07,48.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 150.31,70.71 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 150.31,66.59 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.31,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.18,55.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.18,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.77,55.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 150.31,52.08 46.39,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.92,40.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.16,37.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.9,48.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.131029" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.521023" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 246.67,66.6 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.67,58.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.54,55.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.39,57.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,264.44,58.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,283.02,55.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 246.67,52.08 44.29,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,261.22,40.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.46,37.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.15,48.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.294529" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,329.97,45.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,343.67,48.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 356.9,66.59 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,356.9,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,363.78,55.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,376.78,58.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,395.36,55.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 356.9,52.08 46.4,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,372.51,40.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,379.75,37.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,404.49,48.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.163498" y="0"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.415001" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="67.540749" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.792252" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.043747" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>让我们用<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq14"> <svg height="115.5125" id="M110" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 115.5125" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,115.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,20.41)"> <g> <path d="m 156.1,70.71 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 156.1,66.59 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.1,58.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.31,55.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176,58.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.28,55.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.29,55.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.52"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.877166" y="-2.52"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.217386" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.57,55.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.79,55.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.52"> ，</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 155.43,43.43 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 155.43,39.3 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.43,30.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.31,27.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176,30.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.28,27.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.3,28.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.877166" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.217386" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.58,27.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.8,28.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> ，</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 157.53,16.13 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.53,7.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.41,4.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.26,7.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176,7.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.28,4.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.3,7.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.190665" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.457548" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.709049" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 155.43,-7.4 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.43,-15.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.31,-18.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176,-15.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.28,-18.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.3,-18.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.877166" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.217386" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.04,-18.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.26,-18.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.51"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="208.23" y="-40.98"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="212.39349" y="-40.98"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="218.645" y="-40.98"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="221.77075" y="-40.98"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="228.02225" y="-40.98"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="234.27374" y="-40.98"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>由于估计量的无偏性<年代vghe我ght＝＂14．73.75" id="M111" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:171.78751px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 171.78751 14.7375" width="171.78751" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.9271421" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.090641" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.98,60.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.76,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.918718" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.295967" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.424118" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.464508" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.515961" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.717209" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.268784" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.482529" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.409195" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="95.622948" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>．</p><p>gydF4y2Ba采取<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq15"> <svg height="33.387501" id="M112" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 33.387501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,33.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-45.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.42,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.527766" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.450001" y="-9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.726505" y="-9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.39,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 199.19,60.42 38.82,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.19,48.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2765059" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.7,45.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.79,48.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.42" y="-8.7600002"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="237.7" y="-8.7600002"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="241.86349" y="-8.7600002"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="248.11501" y="-8.7600002"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="251.24075" y="-8.7600002"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="257.49225" y="-8.7600002"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="263.74374" y="-8.7600002"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>我们可以重写(<一个href="#EEq3.2">3．9</一个>）作为<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq3.3"> <svg height="28.9625" id="M113" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 28.9625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,28.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.83)"> <g> <path d="m 32.57,69.81 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 32.57,65.68 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,32.57,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,38.77,67.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,38.77,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,52.47,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.75,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,80.76,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.7399998" y="-2.4100001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.59" y="-4.9200001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.617167" y="-4.9200001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.957388" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.78,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,129,54.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9269018" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.78" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.807165" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.147388" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.211823" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.27,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.5,54.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.35,64.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.78,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.190665" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.595322" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.521984" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.47,62.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.9,54.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.877166" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.217386" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.281822" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,296.71,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,306.93,54.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,312.78,64.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.16,57.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.190665" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.595322" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.521984" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,361.85,62.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,373.23,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.8200002" y="-4.9200001"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="85.260002" y="-4.9200001"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.4235" y="-4.9200001"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="95.674995" y="-4.9200001"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.800751" y="-4.9200001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="105.05225" y="-4.9200001"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="111.30375" y="-4.9200001"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>注意<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq16"> <svg height="304.17499" id="M114" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 304.17499" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,304.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,171.34)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,11.84,40.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6800003" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.53" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,33.42,37.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,43.65,37.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,49.5,47.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.84,40.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.24" y="-14.43"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.91" y="-9.5100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 88.12,67.17 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 88.12,63.05 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,88.12,54.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,94.32,51.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,107.32,54.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.9,51.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.83,49.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,140.44,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 71.08,43.36 74.23,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,101.11,30.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,108.72,34.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.98,40.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-10.23"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.55,55.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.86,50.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.465491" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.805712" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.12,47.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.08,50.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.466452" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.806671" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.05817" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.309673" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,266.73,55.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="9.21"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.756" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,277.41,50.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,287.1,55.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 163.21,43.36 128.97,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.61,30.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.22,34.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,67.11,-12.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-14.42"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,91.1,-1.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,98.06,1.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.800003" y="0.029999999"> ∑</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.466452" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.806671" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.05817" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.309673" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.07" y="4.9299998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.434265" y="4.9299998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.29,8.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.5,6.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.29,-2.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.97,1.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.99,7.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.05832" y="9.2200003"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.972736" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.694608" y="9.2200003"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="19.16688" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.37,-4.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230,-2.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.41,-3.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6899996" y="-4.9200001"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.165834" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.45,-1.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.32,-3.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 79.65,-9.38 188.28,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.08,-21.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.69,-18.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8800001" y="6.5599999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,269.12,-12.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-257.28" y="50.290001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-247.60001" y="52.799999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-241.75" y="50.290001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,33.42,-65.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,43.65,-65.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,49.5,-55.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.84,-62.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.24" y="-10.31"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,78.42,-47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,83.29,-52.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.465491" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.805712" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.56,-55.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.51,-52.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.466452" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.806671" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.05817" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.309673" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.16,-47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.756" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.23,-52.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 71.08,-59.68 120.84,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.22,-72.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.84,-68.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.89,-62.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-14.42"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.88,-51.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.84,-48.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.800003" y="0.029999999"> ∑</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.466452" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.806671" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.05817" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.309673" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.07" y="4.9299998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.434265" y="4.9299998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,305.07,-41.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,311.28,-43.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,305.07,-53.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,320.74,-48.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,329.77,-43.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.1896" y="9.2200003"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.104016" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.825888" y="9.2200003"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="19.298161" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,355.28,-54.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,358.91,-52.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,362.32,-53.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6899996" y="-4.9200001"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.165834" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.379826" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,390.57,-51.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,395.45,-53.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 208.43,-59.68 194.62,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,299.46,-72.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,307.08,-68.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,404.25,-62.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-379.67999" y="42.830002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-370.01517" y="42.830002"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-365.85168" y="42.830002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-358.92502" y="42.830002"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,49.5,-100.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.84,-105.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.24" y="-9.2299995"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.167143" y="-9.2299995"> （</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 84.17,-87.99 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,84.17,-96.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,91.04,-99.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,94.9,-97.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,101.94,-96.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,120.52,-99.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,128.46,-96.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.62,-91.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 71.08,-102.51 66.42,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,96.7,-115.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.31,-111.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="9.0200005"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.17,-105.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.299999" y="-10.03"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.81,-90.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="9.0200005"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 159.57,-102.51 26.46,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.57,-115.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.78,-112.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.86,-115.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.47,-111.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="9.0200005"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.23,-105.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-177.85001" y="52.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-168.17" y="55.259998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-162.32001" y="52.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,33.42,-161.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,43.65,-160.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,49.5,-150.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.84,-158.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.24" y="-14.43"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,78.42,-138.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,83.29,-143.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.809999" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.18" y="0.029999999"> ∑</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.465491" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.89,-137.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.9300003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="9.9300003"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="9.9300003"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.57,-143.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.6,-138.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.2700005"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.41,-149.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.51,-148.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6899996" y="-4.9200001"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.165834" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.267057" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 71.08,-155.25 115.91,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,122.76,-168.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,130.37,-164.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.19,-158.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="270.29999" y="-105.58"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="274.4635" y="-105.58"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="280.715" y="-105.58"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="283.84076" y="-105.58"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="290.09225" y="-105.58"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="296.34375" y="-105.58"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在假设下<年代vghe我ght＝＂14．73.75" id="M115" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:193.6375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 193.6375 14.7375" width="193.6375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.540269" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.192585" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.13175" y="0"> <</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.172138" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.423637" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.800888" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.929039" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.969429" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,15.07,60.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,25.29,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2137508" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,36.56,60.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,46.78,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.12791" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.341661" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,72.64,60.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的泰勒级数展开<一个href="#EEq3.3">3.13</一个>）可能会被解决。方便地分组<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="EEq3.4"> <svg height="120.9875" id="M116" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 120.9875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,120.9875)"> <g transform="translate(72,24.79)"> <g> <path d="m -36.88,65.18 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m -36.88,61.05 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-36.88,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30.68,63.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30.68,49.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-17.68,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,0.9,49.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,11.3,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,30.58,49.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,39.6,45.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3499999" y="-7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,52,49.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,65,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.4" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.25" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,99.77,49.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,112.77,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,130.16,49.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,140.39,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,148.9,49.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.9,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.29,49.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.52,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9200001" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.099998" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.950001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.55" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.890221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.941914" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.52,49.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.52,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,275.91,49.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,286.14,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.19,49.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,305.19,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,322.58,49.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,332.8,52.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9299998" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-292.29999" y="32.330002"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-280.97229" y="32.330002"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-276.80878" y="32.330002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-266.96893" y="32.330002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-255.62871" y="32.330002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-248.65202" y="32.330002"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-242.40053" y="32.330002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-234.33609" y="32.330002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-224.63376" y="32.330002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-213.29355" y="32.330002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-206.24185" y="32.330002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-199.26518" y="32.330002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.61,25.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,148.56,17.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8600001" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.34,25.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169,20.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.35" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.200001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.72,17.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,216.72,20.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.11,17.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.33,17.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.970221" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.896883" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.75,17.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,289.97,17.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.970221" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.01,25.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,324.96,17.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8600001" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,337.79,25.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,342.67,20.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.926662" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,358.11,17.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,371.11,20.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,389.5,25.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,394.38,20.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.926662" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,407.36,17.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,417.58,17.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-376.57999" y="30.309999"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-366.82001" y="22.01"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-357.76001" y="22"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-353.5965" y="22"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-343.84415" y="22"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-332.50394" y="22"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-326.25244" y="22"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-320.00095" y="22"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.64,0.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 50.76,-9.36 59.76,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,77.51,-21.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.290001" y="-6.2399998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.139999" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.58,-7.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.23,-12.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.09,-7.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.09,-15.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.31,-15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.17" y="-10.81"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.299999" y="-10.82"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.463497" y="-10.82"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.290855" y="-10.82"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.631077" y="-10.82"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.88258" y="-10.82"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.134079" y="-10.82"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.51,0.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 185.48,-9.36 59.91,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.31,-21.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.360001" y="-6.2399998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.209999" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,261.44,-7.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,269.1,-12.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.95,-7.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.95,-15.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,299.18,-15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="4.8099999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.28" y="-2.51"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="159.31" y="-35.48"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="163.4735" y="-35.48"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="169.72501" y="-35.48"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="172.85075" y="-35.48"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="179.10225" y="-35.48"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="185.35374" y="-35.48"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>OS的交叉积<年代vghe我ght＝＂16．174999" id="M117" style="vertical-align:-4.68874pt;width:97.025002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 97.025002 16.174999" width="97.025002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.3,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.25,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.492897" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.533287" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.410656" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.624409" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>，表示为<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq17"> <svg height="143.5125" id="M118" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 143.5125" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,143.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,42.81)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.3,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.85,41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.32,33.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-41.61,42.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-24.59,44.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-12.77,47.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,5.82,44.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,12.57,42.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,19.68,42.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.049999" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6773224" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,47.26,52.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.88" y="9.2200003"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.034416" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7562881" y="9.2200003"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,58.21,47.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,76.79,44.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,84.16,47.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ”</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="-0.61000001" y="6.54"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="1.471916" y="6.54"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="3.4162879" y="6.54"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,90.65,42.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.08" y="-4.9200001"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.32,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,113.76,41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.29,33.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132,42.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3699999" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.02,44.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.85,47.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∓</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.43,44.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.07,47.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.66,44.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.41,42.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.52,42.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.049999" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6773224" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.09,52.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.87" y="9.2200003"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.044416" y="9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7662878" y="9.2200003"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,261.05,47.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∓</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.63,44.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.7565441" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.64,47.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,311.6,43.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.96,47.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ”</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="-0.61000001" y="6.5300002"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="1.471916" y="6.5300002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="3.4162879" y="6.5300002"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.46,42.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-223.73" y="44.75"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.32,13.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,113.76,-8.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.29,-15.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132,-4.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.51,-5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.33,-2.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.91,-5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.78,-4.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="2.4100001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.3" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.61,2.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.88" y="9.21"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.034416" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7562881" y="9.21"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.56,-2.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,241.14,-5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,248.51,-1.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ”</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.32,-7.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.38" y="-4.9200001"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,278.59,13.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.04,-8.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,274.57,-15.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,289.19,-2.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,298.85,-5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,307.9,-2.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,316.92,-5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,324.29,-1.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ”</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="-0.61000001" y="6.54"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="1.471916" y="6.54"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="3.4162879" y="6.54"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,333.56,-2.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,355.43,2.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.87" y="9.21"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.044416" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7662878" y="9.21"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,363.61,-2.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,372.63,-5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,379.39,-7.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,389.27,-2.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,409.64,-5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,416.4,-7.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,423.5,-2.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,432.53,-5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,439.9,-1.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ”</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="-0.61000001" y="6.54"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="1.471916" y="6.54"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="3.4162879" y="6.54"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,101.73,-38.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.029999" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.880001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.181282" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.521503" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.773003" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.33,-41.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.7565441" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.45,-37.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ”</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.03,-38.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.71,-41.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.7565441" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.83,-37.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ”</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.63,-40.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.52"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.86" y="-52.18"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="241.0235" y="-52.18"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="247.27499" y="-52.18"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="250.40074" y="-52.18"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="256.65225" y="-52.18"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="262.90375" y="-52.18"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>RSS估计的条件期望是<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq18"> <svg height="28.9625" id="M119" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 28.9625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,28.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.18,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.77" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 127.8,65.69 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,127.8,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.67,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.9,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.87,62.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.95,54.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.119999" y="2.4100001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.490002" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.25" y="2.4100001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3199997" y="-2.51"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.36039" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 218.56,69.82 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 218.56,65.69 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.56,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.44,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.66,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.9799995" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.66" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.135834" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,263.3,62.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.38,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 291.49,65.69 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,291.49,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,298.37,63.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,303.44,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="155.05" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="159.2135" y="0"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="165.465" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="168.59074" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="174.84225" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="181.09375" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>利用这些结果，我们得到<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq19"> <svg height="145.1875" id="M120" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 145.1875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,145.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,44.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,65.95,49.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.76" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.610001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,89.62,46.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,99.84,49.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.89,46.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,116.11,47.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3299999" y="-2.52"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.559999" y="-11.66"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.38,55.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9140801" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.01,58.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.68,55.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9140801" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 138.67,52.93 57.85,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.17,41.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.63,37.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.94,41.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.18,37.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.5,49.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-11.32"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.49,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.45,61.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.310001" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.16" y="0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.453947" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.806671" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.05817" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.32,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,291.24,55.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,294.86,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,304.57,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.24,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,332.16,55.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,335.78,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,342.71,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 213.04,52.93 135.52,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.38,41.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,278.83,37.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.14,41.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,291.38,37.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,349.76,49.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-203.11" y="40.220001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-191.35001" y="42.73"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-185.5" y="40.220001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.31,6.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.53,9.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9299998" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.25" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.49" y="-9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,216.73,15.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9140801" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.35,18.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.02,15.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9140801" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 210.02,12.72 57.85,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.98,0.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.2,4.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.27,0.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.51,-2.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.82,0.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.06,-2.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,269.06,9.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-128.32001" y="40.209999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-116.56" y="42.720001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-110.71" y="40.209999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.4,-33.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.63,-30.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.14,-33.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.36,-33.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3299999" y="-2.51"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.559999" y="-11.65"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.63,-24.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9140801" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.26,-21.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,259.93,-24.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9140801" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 215.92,-27.49 57.85,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.43,-39.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.88,-42.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,248.19,-39.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.43,-42.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,274.97,-30.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="183.52" y="-41.419998"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="187.6835" y="-41.419998"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="193.935" y="-41.419998"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="197.06075" y="-41.419998"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="203.31226" y="-41.419998"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="209.56375" y="-41.419998"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>与<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq20"> <svg height="118.325" id="M121" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 118.325" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,118.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,22.66)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,73.19,44.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,82.51,41.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,89.43,38.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.05,41.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,103.46,44.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.360001" y="-12.94"> ⎛</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.360001" y="-2.1900001"> ⎜</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.360001" y="8.5699997"> ⎜</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.360001" y="19.26"> ⎝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.18" y="-12.41"> ∑</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.592442" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.07,64.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.28,67.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ”</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="6.5300002"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.07,51.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.74,56.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.62,53.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.550704" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.05,56.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.07,53.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.89,51.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="6.1082039" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.9,56.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.93,53.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.550704" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.35,56.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.38,53.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,264.72,51.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="6.1082039" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,277.73,56.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,298.1,53.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,302.91,51.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="6.1082039" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,313.14,56.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,322.17,53.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,326.51,51.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 142.64,47.37 190.98,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.25,35.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.13,32.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,334.81,57.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⎞</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="10.75"> ⎟</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="21.51"> ⎟</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="32.200001"> ⎠</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.71" y="12.94"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-255.22" y="63.689999"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,88.91,-9.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9140801" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,106.23,-6.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.369999" y="9.7299995"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.66" y="-12.41"> ∑</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604944" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.32,12.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.9399996"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="9.9399996"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="9.9399996"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177,5.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.88,2.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.92,5.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.95,2.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.77,0.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.65,5.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.68,2.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6362882" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.73,5.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.76,2.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.1,0.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,269.98,5.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,290.35,2.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,295.16,0.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,302.27,5.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,311.29,2.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,315.64,0.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="2.0819161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.026288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 149.89,-3.38 172.85,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.88,-15.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.059998" y="0.98000002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="104.24" y="-8.75"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="226.61" y="-36.810001"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.7735" y="-36.810001"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="237.02499" y="-36.810001"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="240.15074" y="-36.810001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="246.40225" y="-36.810001"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="252.65375" y="-36.810001"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>此外<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq21"> <svg height="150.7" id="M122" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 150.7" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,150.7)"> <g transform="translate(72,48.56)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,94.39,48.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.76" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.610001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,120.52,45.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,130.74,48.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.79,45.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.01,45.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3299999" y="-2.51"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.559999" y="-11.73"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.91,62.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.56,57.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.23,54.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 169.57,51.58 43.6,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.99,38.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.82,42.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.37,48.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.166139" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.87,45.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.28,48.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.790001" y="-12.41"> ∑</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,283.5,67.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.9300003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="9.9300003"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="9.9300003"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,299.18,60.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,308.2,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.2700005"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,313.02,55.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="3.1259999" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="5.2079158" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="7.152288" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 272.07,51.58 51.18,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,295.11,39.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-131.46001" y="33.27"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-119.7" y="35.779999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-113.85" y="33.27"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-106.92334" y="33.27"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.24,3.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.46,3.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3299999" y="-2.51"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.379999" y="-11.73"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.17,20.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 227.02,9.56 23.84,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.02,-3.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.24,-0.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.31,-3.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.93,0.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.06,6.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-89.639999" y="42.02"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-77.879997" y="44.529999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-72.029999" y="42.02"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-65.10334" y="42.02"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.47,-38.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.7,-38.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3199997" y="-2.51"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.370001" y="-11.73"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,241.41,-21.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 228.25,-32.46 23.84,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.25,-45.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.47,-42.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.54,-45.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.16,-41.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.29,-35.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="205.2" y="-44.189999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="209.36349" y="-44.189999"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="215.61501" y="-44.189999"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="218.74075" y="-44.189999"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.99225" y="-44.189999"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="231.24374" y="-44.189999"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>用(<一个href="#EEq3.4">3．15</一个>）经过一些代数运算，得到(<一个href="#EEq3.2">3．9</一个>）是<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq22"> <svg height="28.9625" id="M123" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 28.9625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,28.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.76,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.28" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 152.41,69.81 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 152.41,65.68 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.41,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.61,67.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.61,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.83,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.11039" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.18,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.2,54.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.37,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.75,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.75,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,259.42,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,263.8,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,274.02,54.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="184.47" y="-2.51"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="188.6335" y="-2.51"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="194.88499" y="-2.51"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="198.01074" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="204.26225" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="210.51375" y="-2.51"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq23"> <svg height="155.14999" id="M124" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 155.14999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,155.15)"> <g transform="translate(72,52.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,44.24,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,52.57,50.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,56.95,50.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,70.64,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.919998" y="7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.27" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.400002" y="7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.779999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.42" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.759022" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.95,50.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.6,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.41,58.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.07,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.370001" y="-9.1400003"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.77,59.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9140801" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 178.61,56.57 30.84,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.61,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.06,41.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.37,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.61,41.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.64,46.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.16" y="-7.3299999"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.700001" y="-14.58"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.527359" y="-14.58"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.86758" y="-14.58"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 235.34,56.57 27.42,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.93,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.030001" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.18" y="-1.4299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.549999" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,289.3,58.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,296.95,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.54" y="-9.1400003"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,319.82,59.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 309.49,56.57 19.26,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,309.49,43.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,323.32,47.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,329.95,46.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-221.95" y="40.950001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-212.58" y="33.630001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-239.58" y="33.630001"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-231.01544" y="33.630001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.9,9.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.55,12.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.37,17.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.02,12.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.379999" y="-9.1400003"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.72,18.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9140801" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 162.56,15.62 30.84,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.56,3.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.01,0.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.32,3.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.56,0.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.38,12.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.540001" y="7.3200002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.919998" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.391912" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,241.11,17.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,248.76,12.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.54" y="-9.1400003"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,271.63,18.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 261.3,15.62 19.27,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,261.3,2.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,275.13,6.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,281.76,5.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.16" y="-7.3200002"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.700001" y="-15.63"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.439838" y="-15.63"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.792561" y="-15.63"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 306.46,15.62 27.35,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,317.01,3.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.99" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.054436" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,348.88,17.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,353.75,5.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-304.39999" y="44.200001"> Ψ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,58.68,-42.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,63.05,-44.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,70.64,-39.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.799999" y="-14.42"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.290001" y="-14.39"> ∑</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.560001" y="-9.5"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.924267" y="-9.5"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,130.36,-17.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.57,-20.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,130.36,-29.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.03,-24.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.06,-19.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.743248" y="9.21"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.657664" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.379536" y="9.21"> ∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="18.851809" y="9.21"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.12,-30.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.75,-28.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.16,-29.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6899996" y="-4.9200001"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.165834" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.2,-27.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.07,-29.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 92.44,-35.91 129.24,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.71,-49.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.53,-44.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="7.2399998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.87,-39.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.166139" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.88097" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.92136" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.798008" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.999256" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.200745" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.62" y="-45.84"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="239.78349" y="-45.84"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="246.035" y="-45.84"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="249.16075" y="-45.84"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="255.41225" y="-45.84"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="261.66376" y="-45.84"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>为了一大笔钱<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．13.74998" id="M125" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>偏差趋于零。那么我们已经证明了下列命题的第一个陈述。</p><p><年代p一个nclass="statement" id="prop2"><span class="statement-title">命题3.2。</年代p一个n><我>的估计量<年代vghe我ght＝＂22．0875" id="M126" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:356.83749px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 356.83749 22.0875" width="356.83749" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,22.0875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-54.33)"> <g> <path d="m -71.95,66 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.75,63.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.75,54.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.05,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m -40.02,70.12 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m -40.02,66 6.21,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-40.02,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-33.81,54.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-23.59,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3269978" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m -8.99,70.13 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m -8.99,66.01 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-8.99,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-2.11,54.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,10.89,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.216631" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.380131" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.855965" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.019463" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 46.19,66.01 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,46.19,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,53.06,54.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,56.91,56.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,63.96,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.216631" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.380131" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,89.51,68.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,94.94,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3269978" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 109.54,66.01 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,109.54,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,116.42,54.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,129.42,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.216631" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.380131" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.855965" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.019463" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 164.72,66.01 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.72,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.6,54.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.45,56.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.49,57.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.216631" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.380131" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.04,63.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是渐近无偏的吗<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．13.74998" id="M127" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>它的方差是</我><年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq24"> <svg height="102.85" id="M128" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 102.85" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,102.85)"> <g transform="translate(72,10.28)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.06,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.09" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m -38.61,63.52 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m -38.61,59.39 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.61,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-32.41,61.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-32.41,47.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-22.19,46.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.08" y="-4.9200001"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.309999" y="-14.95"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,9.46,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 2.12,54.13 13.65,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,5.84,42.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.9" y="-8.75"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.240221" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.591745" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,45.05,56.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="9.0200005"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,53.69,43.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3800001" y="-7.3299999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.543499" y="-7.3299999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.706999" y="-7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.534355" y="-7.3299999"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.874577" y="-7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.85125" y="-7.3299999"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.090248" y="-7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.154682" y="-7.3299999"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.02,56.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,122.89,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,128.71,56.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.36,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.68" y="-0.0099999998"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.843498" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.670856" y="-0.0099999998"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.011078" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.987751" y="-0.0099999998"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.23925" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.303688" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.19,47.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.85,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.66,56.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.31,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.32" y="-9.1400003"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.95,57.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9140801" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 247.85,54.13 26.72,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.85,42.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.09,39.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.4,42.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,267.64,39.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,275.77,43.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-277.60999" y="37.029999"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-266.26978" y="37.029999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-259.50565" y="37.029999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,23.88,11.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,28.19,0.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,34.39,-3.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.56" y="-21.950001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,53.29,23.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="9.0200005"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.35,12.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 45.69,9.78 16.04,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,45.69,-3.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,53.3,0.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.61,-10.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,65.71,6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-11.33"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,87.57,14.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,92.26,12.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 78.25,9.78 18.13,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,79.29,-3.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,86.91,0.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,91.21,-10.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,100.35,6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.549999" y="7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.119999" y="7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.860001" y="-9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.391912" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.919998" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.971691" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.55,20.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 166.05,9.78 12.55,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.05,-3.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.66,0.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.57,6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.24,3.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.06,1.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.18,-0.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.530001" y="-7.3299999"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.87022" y="-7.3299999"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.121719" y="-7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.83,3.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.65,1.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,269.27,3.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,276.2,6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,282.01,11.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,286.2,1.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,293.1,6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-11.33"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,314.97,14.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,321.88,12.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.51,14.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 305.64,9.78 26.8,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,305.68,-2.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,312.92,-5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.23,-2.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.47,-5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,335.72,4.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.877166" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.217386" y="-2.51"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,371.27,3.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,376.08,1.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,380.21,4.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.4" y="-13.84"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,411.95,22.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,416.14,12.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="3.1259999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 401.37,9.78 26.73,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,401.37,-2.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,408.61,-5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,413.93,-2.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,421.16,-5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,429.29,-3.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.19" y="-9.7299995"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.200001" y="-30.809999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.363499" y="-30.809999"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.614998" y="-30.809999"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.740749" y="-30.809999"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.992249" y="-30.809999"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.243748" y="-30.809999"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span><i>如果<年代vghe我ght＝＂14．73.75" id="M129" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:193.6375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 193.6375 14.7375" width="193.6375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.540269" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.192585" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.13175" y="0"> <</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.172138" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.423637" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.800888" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.929039" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.969429" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,15.07,60.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,25.29,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2137508" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,36.56,60.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,46.78,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.12791" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.341661" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,72.64,60.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>．</我></年代p一个n></p> <p><span class="statement" id="proof1"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">证明。</我></年代p一个n>泰勒级数的一个展开式<年代vghe我ght＝＂22．387501" id="M130" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:72.525002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 72.525002 22.387501" width="72.525002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,22.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-54.09)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,57.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m -67.79,69.87 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m -67.79,65.75 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.79,57.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.59,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.59,54.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.58,57.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30,54.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-23.07,57.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-18.91,62.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>也许可以解决。是的，忽略了顺序的条款<年代vghe我ght＝＂11．0625" id="M131" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt;width:32.224998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.224998 11.0625" width="32.224998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> ></t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>，<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq25"> <svg height="32.25" id="M132" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 32.25" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,32.25)"> <g transform="translate(72,-46.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.82,49.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 118.18,67.17 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 118.18,63.05 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.18,54.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,124.38,65.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,124.38,51.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.38,54.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.97,51.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.9,49.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.5,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.85,54.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.5,59.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="9.0200005"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.14,52.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.52,51.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.17,54.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,243.04,51.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.69,54.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,267.56,51.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3.</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,275.21,54.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.08,51.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,296.96,52.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-3.8299999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="161.53" y="-3.8299999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="165.6935" y="-3.8299999"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="171.94499" y="-3.8299999"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="175.07076" y="-3.8299999"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="181.32225" y="-3.8299999"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="187.57375" y="-3.8299999"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq26"> <svg height="110.425" id="M133" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 110.425" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,110.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,16.34)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,88.44,60.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.97,57.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,102.31,60.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,120.4,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,120.4,57.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.4,60.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.35" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.200001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.65,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.52,60.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.08,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.58,57.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.58,60.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.9,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.77,60.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.28,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.28,57.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.28,60.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.591721" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.643414" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.620087" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,263.96,57.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,274.18,60.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,282.7,57.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.92,58.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,308.92,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,313.79,60.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-225.35001" y="24.639999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.97,33.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,102.31,36.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,120.4,41.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,120.4,33.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.4,36.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.50372" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.331078" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.671299" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.647972" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.22,41.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.1,36.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.02,41.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.9,36.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.96,41.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.84,36.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-122.4" y="23.530001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.97,9.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3.</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,102.31,12.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.440001" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.290001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.341694" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.71,9.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.93,12.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.98,9.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.98,12.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.316895" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.35,9.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.57,12.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.09,9.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.31,10.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-143.87" y="22.01"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,93.97,-14.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,102.31,-11.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604944" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.931942" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.09544" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.935303" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.275524" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.252197" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="67.491196" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.654694" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.719131" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.64579" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.02,-14.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.02,-11.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.43,-6.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.39,-14.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.889189" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.815851" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.27,-14.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.27,-11.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.304392" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.231054" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,307.03,-14.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,317.25,-14.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="141.24001" y="-38.939999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="145.4035" y="-38.939999"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="151.655" y="-38.939999"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="154.78075" y="-38.939999"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="161.03224" y="-38.939999"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="167.28375" y="-38.939999"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>计算期望值，然后分组<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq27"> <svg height="162.125" id="M134" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 162.125" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,162.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,57.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,21.39,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6800003" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 38.44,63.52 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 38.44,59.39 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,38.44,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,44.64,61.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,44.64,47.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.64,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,76.22,47.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,83.15,46.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,90.75,62.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,99.1,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-10.03"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.67,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 112.33,54.13 13.65,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,116.05,42.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.9" y="-8.75"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.240221" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.591745" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.26,56.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="9.0200005"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.9,43.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3800001" y="-7.3299999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.543499" y="-7.3299999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.706999" y="-7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.534355" y="-7.3299999"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.874577" y="-7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.85125" y="-7.3299999"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.102753" y="-7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.167187" y="-7.3299999"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.23,56.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.11,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.92,56.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.57,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.68" y="-0.0099999998"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.843498" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.670856" y="-0.0099999998"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.011078" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.987751" y="-0.0099999998"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.23925" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.303688" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,322.4,47.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,332.06,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,337.87,56.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,345.52,51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.32" y="-9.1400003"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,369.16,57.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9140801" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 358.06,54.13 26.72,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,358.06,42.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,365.3,39.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,370.61,42.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,377.85,39.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,385.98,43.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-277.60999" y="37.029999"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-266.26978" y="37.029999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-259.50565" y="37.029999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.09,11.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,138.4,0.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.6,-3.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.56" y="-21.950001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.5,23.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="9.0200005"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.56,12.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 155.9,9.78 16.05,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.9,-3.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.52,0.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.82,-10.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.92,6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-11.33"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.79,14.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.47,12.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 188.46,9.78 18.13,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.5,-3.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.12,0.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="9.0100002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.42,-10.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.56,6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.549999" y="7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.119999" y="7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.870003" y="-9.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.391912" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.919998" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.971691" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,283.77,20.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 276.26,9.78 12.55,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,276.26,-3.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,283.87,0.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="7.1599998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.78,6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,313.45,3.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.27,1.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,322.39,-0.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-173.67" y="40.869999"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-165.10544" y="40.869999"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-158.85394" y="40.869999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.06,-44.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.88,-46.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.5,-44.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.43,-41.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.25,-36.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.63" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.43,-46.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.34,-41.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.53" y="-11.33"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.2,-33.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.12,-35.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.74,-33.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 217.87,-38.42 26.8,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.91,-50.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.15,-53.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.46,-50.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.7,-53.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.95,-44.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.877166" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.217386" y="-2.51"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,283.5,-44.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.32,-46.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.44,-44.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.4" y="-13.84"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,324.18,-25.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.62" y="8.1300001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,328.37,-35.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="3.1259999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 313.61,-38.42 26.72,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,313.61,-50.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,320.85,-53.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,326.16,-50.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,333.4,-53.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,341.52,-51.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.19" y="-9.7299995"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="116.97" y="-55.310001"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="121.1335" y="-55.310001"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="127.385" y="-55.310001"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="130.51074" y="-55.310001"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.76225" y="-55.310001"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="143.01375" y="-55.310001"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></p> <p><span class="statement" id="rem1"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">3.3的话。</我></年代p一个n>由于使用(<一个href="#EEq3.2">3．9</一个>）的方差为<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq28"> <svg height="44.787498" id="M135" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 44.787498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,44.7875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-36.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,81.89,49.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,91.07,46.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.77,49.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-11.33"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,124.71,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.3200002" y="0.51999998"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.6960001" y="0.51999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.02,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.691746" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.33,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.38" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.2,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.53,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.96,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.591721" y="0"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.88,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.62,58.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.877166" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.217386" y="-2.51"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.17,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.05,58.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.957718" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.721842" y="-2.51"> Ψ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,309.11,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,313.92,55.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.05,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.66,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.37" y="8.1199999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 118,52.83 212.54,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.95,40.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.19,37.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.5,40.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.74,37.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,331.73,49.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.76" y="-1.26"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="130.92349" y="-1.26"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="137.175" y="-1.26"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="140.30075" y="-1.26"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="146.55225" y="-1.26"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.80374" y="-1.26"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></p> <p>因此，作为<年代vghe我ght＝＂22．387501" id="M136" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:34.849998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.849998 22.387501" width="34.849998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,22.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-54.09)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,57.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.1892252" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m -60.6,69.87 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m -60.6,65.75 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.6,57.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.4,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.4,54.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>）<年代vghe我ght＝＂21．225" id="M137" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:83.3125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 83.3125 21.225" width="83.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.78,57.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.217112" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m -44.39,69.87 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m -44.39,65.75 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.39,57.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.19,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-33.11,57.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.926662" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>该方法具有较高的精度<年代vghe我ght＝＂11．0625" id="M138" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt;width:38.799999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.799999 11.0625" width="38.799999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.640533" y="0"> <</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.680922" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><i>．</我></p><p>这个结果可以推导出不同的双抽样平均估计量的相对RSS。例如,<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq29"> <svg height="92.525002" id="M139" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 92.525002" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,92.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,2.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,15.33,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.202688" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.416439" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.393112" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.606865" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.883369" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.084618" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.961029" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.600361" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.640747" y="0"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.804253" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.368805" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.6203" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.834053" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="96.085556" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.2868" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="107.5383" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.75205" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="119.00356" y="0"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.64288" y="0"> ⟶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="149.79845" y="0"> K</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="158.82561" y="0"> h</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="165.0771" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="170.62845" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="174.77943" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="180.33076" y="0"> -</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="184.49426" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="191.44594" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="195.83449" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="199.31032" y="0"> v</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="205.32426" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="210.8756" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="217.12709" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="221.89075" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="225.4791" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.64284" y="0"> v</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.64429" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.19562" y="0"> -</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="245.37137" y="0"> T</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="252.5356" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="258.08691" y="0"> b</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="264.33844" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="269.88977" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="274.75342" y="0"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="281.00491" y="0"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="290.73227" y="0"> -</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="294.89575" y="0"> K</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="303.92291" y="0"> h</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="310.17444" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="315.72577" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="326.12827" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="331.6796" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="336.45572" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="339.93155" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="343.40741" y="0"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="353.13474" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="358.68607" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="362.1369" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="368.3884" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="376.70288" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="382.95438" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="20.469999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="20.469999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.202688" y="20.469999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.416439" y="20.469999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.393112" y="20.469999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.606865" y="20.469999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.883369" y="20.469999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.084618" y="20.469999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.961029" y="20.469999"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.600361" y="20.469999"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.640747" y="20.469999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.804253" y="20.469999"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.055748" y="20.469999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.269501" y="20.469999"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.834053" y="20.469999"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="96.085556" y="20.469999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.2868" y="20.469999"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="107.5383" y="20.469999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.75205" y="20.469999"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="119.00356" y="20.469999"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.64288" y="20.469999"> ⟶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="149.79845" y="20.469999"> K</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="158.82561" y="20.469999"> h</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="165.0771" y="20.469999"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="170.62845" y="20.469999"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="174.77943" y="20.469999"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="180.33076" y="20.469999"> -</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="184.49426" y="20.469999"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="191.44594" y="20.469999"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="195.83449" y="20.469999"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="199.31032" y="20.469999"> v</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="205.32426" y="20.469999"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="210.8756" y="20.469999"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="217.12709" y="20.469999"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="221.89075" y="20.469999"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="225.4791" y="20.469999"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.64284" y="20.469999"> v</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.64429" y="20.469999"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.19562" y="20.469999"> -</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="245.37137" y="20.469999"> T</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="252.5356" y="20.469999"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="258.08691" y="20.469999"> b</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="264.33844" y="20.469999"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="269.88977" y="20.469999"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="274.75342" y="20.469999"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="281.00491" y="20.469999"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="290.73227" y="20.469999"> -</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="294.89575" y="20.469999"> K</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="303.92291" y="20.469999"> h</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="310.17444" y="20.469999"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="315.72577" y="20.469999"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="326.12827" y="20.469999"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="331.6796" y="20.469999"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="336.45572" y="20.469999"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="339.93155" y="20.469999"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="343.40741" y="20.469999"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="353.13474" y="20.469999"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="358.68607" y="20.469999"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="362.1369" y="20.469999"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="368.3884" y="20.469999"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="376.70288" y="20.469999"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="382.95438" y="20.469999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="40.939999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="40.939999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.202688" y="40.939999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.416439" y="40.939999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.393112" y="40.939999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.606865" y="40.939999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.883369" y="40.939999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.084618" y="40.939999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.961029" y="40.939999"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.600361" y="40.939999"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.640747" y="40.939999"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.804253" y="40.939999"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.368805" y="40.939999"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.6203" y="40.939999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.834053" y="40.939999"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.398613" y="40.939999"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="104.65011" y="40.939999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="109.85136" y="40.939999"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="116.10286" y="40.939999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="121.31661" y="40.939999"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="127.56811" y="40.939999"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="135.20744" y="40.939999"> ⟶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="158.36299" y="40.939999"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="165.31467" y="40.939999"> h</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="171.56616" y="40.939999"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="175.04201" y="40.939999"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="181.2935" y="40.939999"> g</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="187.545" y="40.939999"> -</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="191.7085" y="40.939999"> K</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="200.62314" y="40.939999"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="206.87463" y="40.939999"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="216.60197" y="40.939999"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="222.15331" y="40.939999"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.4678" y="40.939999"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="234.61879" y="40.939999"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="240.17012" y="40.939999"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="243.64597" y="40.939999"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="247.1218" y="40.939999"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="257.52429" y="40.939999"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="263.07562" y="40.939999"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="267.85178" y="40.939999"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="271.32761" y="40.939999"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="274.80344" y="40.939999"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="284.53076" y="40.939999"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="290.08209" y="40.939999"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="293.53293" y="40.939999"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="299.78442" y="40.939999"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="303.94794" y="40.939999"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="61.419998"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="61.419998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.202688" y="61.419998"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.416439" y="61.419998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.393112" y="61.419998"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.606865" y="61.419998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.883369" y="61.419998"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.084618" y="61.419998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.961029" y="61.419998"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.600361" y="61.419998"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.640747" y="61.419998"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.804253" y="61.419998"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.368805" y="61.419998"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.6203" y="61.419998"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.834053" y="61.419998"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="96.085556" y="61.419998"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.2868" y="61.419998"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="107.5383" y="61.419998"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.75205" y="61.419998"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="119.00356" y="61.419998"> ）</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.64288" y="61.419998"> ⟶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="149.79845" y="61.419998"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="156.75011" y="61.419998"> h</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="163.00162" y="61.419998"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="166.47745" y="61.419998"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="172.72894" y="61.419998"> g</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="178.98044" y="61.419998"> -</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="183.14395" y="61.419998"> K</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="192.05858" y="61.419998"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="198.31009" y="61.419998"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="208.03741" y="61.419998"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="213.58875" y="61.419998"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="221.90324" y="61.419998"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="228.15474" y="61.419998"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.25572" y="61.419998"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="238.50723" y="61.419998"> d</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="244.75873" y="61.419998"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="251.01022" y="61.419998"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="256.56155" y="61.419998"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="264.18839" y="61.419998"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="269.73972" y="61.419998"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="274.51587" y="61.419998"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="277.9917" y="61.419998"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="281.46753" y="61.419998"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="291.19489" y="61.419998"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="296.74622" y="61.419998"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="300.19702" y="61.419998"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="306.44852" y="61.419998"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="310.61203" y="61.419998"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="443.16" y="31.34"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="447.32349" y="31.34"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="453.57501" y="31.34"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="456.70074" y="31.34"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="462.95224" y="31.34"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="469.20374" y="31.34"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>见Khare和Srivastava[<一个href="#B6">12</一个>，<一个href="#B7">13</一个>辛格和库马尔，[<一个href="#B12">4</一个>，<一个href="#B10">14</一个>，<一个href="#B11">15</一个>］．</p><h4gydF4y2Baid="numerical-comparisons">4.数值比较</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba我们比较了提出的RSS方法和使用三个种群数据的SRS方法的行为。它们的描述如下。</p><p><年代p一个nclass="statement" id="head1"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">人口1</我></年代p一个n><br>审议了244个账户。上学期他们每个人的余额是<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M140" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.4125 10.325" width="13.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M141" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6125 10.325" width="11.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>由一个听觉系统产生。通过选择120个账户提供第一阶段样本，并报告72个无反应。进行新的听觉测试。第二阶段样本大小为24。</年代p一个n></p><p><span class="statement" id="head2"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">人口2</我></年代p一个n><br>射线照片的评估提供了<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M142" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.4125 10.325" width="13.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在350名癌症患者中100个样本提供第一阶段的样本，其中24个提供第二阶段的样本。<我>Y</gydF4y2Ba我>是一个被切除肿瘤的大小。缺少53个测量值。这些测量值需要在病理科查找。</年代p一个n></p><p><span class="statement" id="head3"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">人口3</我></年代p一个n><br>1270头猪的身高提供了关于<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M143" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.4125 10.325" width="13.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在人口。第一阶段选出170人，第二阶段选出24人。<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M144" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.6125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.6125 10.325" width="11.6125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是猪的重量，69个初始测量值丢失了。丢失的猪的重量是通过把它们送到屠宰场前的定位得到的。</年代p一个n></p><p>的值<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．0124998" id="M145" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:6.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 6.5 7.0124998" width="6.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vghe我ght＝＂7．13.74998" id="M146" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:11.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.225 7.1374998" width="11.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>方便地固定，以获得大小为24的样本。操作系统的均值和方差是通过形成所有可能的样本并计算它们来确定的。由于使用RSS，相对精度增益被测量<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq30"> <svg height="50.637501" id="M147" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 50.637501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,50.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-31.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.97,54.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.630001" y="-9.2299995"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.916079" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.77,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 201.13,57.5 38.33,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.13,39.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.09" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 220.58,52.46 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <g> <path d="m 220.58,48.34 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.58,39.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.78,50.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.86,35.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.79" y="-13.59"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.89" y="-13.59"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="237.0535" y="-13.59"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="243.30499" y="-13.59"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="246.43076" y="-13.59"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="252.68225" y="-13.59"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>为<年代vghe我ght＝＂13.．0125＂我d="M148" style="vertical-align:-1.76814pt;width:67.074997px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 67.074997 13.0125" width="67.074997" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.59)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.340461" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.38085" y="0"> 3.</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.632351" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.8461" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.097603" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.298847" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>．结果如表所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jps/2012/214959/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>．他们认为使用RSS提供了大于10%的精度增益。</p><d我vclass="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab1"> <table class="table-group" id="tab1"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="left">人口</td><td一个lign="center"><span style="width: 38.424999px;"> <svg height="10.9125" id="M149" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.424999 10.9125" width="38.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.340461" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.38085" y="0"> 3.</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 38.424999px;"> <svg height="10.8125" id="M150" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.424999 10.8125" width="38.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.340461" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.38085" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 38.424999px;"> <svg height="11.0375" id="M151" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.424999 11.0375" width="38.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.340461" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.38085" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">账户余额</td><td一个lign="center">0, 1122</td><td一个lign="center">0,1523</td><td一个lign="center">0, 1095</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">肿瘤的大小</td><td一个lign="center">0, 1214</td><td一个lign="center">0,1207</td><td一个lign="center">0, 1105</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">猪的身高</td><td一个lign="center">0, 2672</td><td一个lign="center">0, 2998</td><td一个lign="center">0, 2159</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="4"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表1</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jps/2012/214959/tab1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 由于在三个群体中使用RSS，准确性有所提高。</d我v></d我v></d我v><p>一个类似的研究是通过生成240个值的样本<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．3.25" id="M152" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:13.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.4125 10.325" width="13.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>并确定<年代p一个nclass="equation" id="eq34"> <svg height="16.5375" id="M153" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 16.5375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.77)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.38,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.152436" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.192825" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.219992" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.560211" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.81171" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.464748" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.817474" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.870003" y="0.63"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="297.37" y="0.63"> （</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="301.53351" y="0.63"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="307.785" y="0.63"> ．</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="310.91074" y="0.63"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="317.16226" y="0.63"> ）</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span> <svg height="7.1875" id="M154" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.6875 7.1875" width="7.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>使用相同的分发版生成。结果如表所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jps/2012/214959/tab2/" target="_blank">2</一个>。请注意，基本分布对称时，效率增益通常较大。最佳结果在<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．8125" id="M155" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:38.424999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.424999 10.8125" width="38.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.340461" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.38085" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>除了Beta分布。</p><d我vclass="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab2"> <table class="table-group" id="tab2"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="left">分布</td><td一个lign="center"><span style="width: 38.424999px;"> <svg height="10.9125" id="M158" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.424999 10.9125" width="38.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.340461" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.38085" y="0"> 3.</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 38.424999px;"> <svg height="10.8125" id="M159" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.424999 10.8125" width="38.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.340461" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.38085" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 38.424999px;"> <svg height="11.0375" id="M160" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.424999 11.0375" width="38.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.340461" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.38085" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">制服(0,1)</td><td一个lign="center">0121年</td><td一个lign="center">0146年</td><td一个lign="center">0118年</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">正常（0,1）</td><td一个lign="center">0101年</td><td一个lign="center">0127年</td><td一个lign="center">0096年</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">物流（0,1）</td><td一个lign="center">0009年</td><td一个lign="center">0011年</td><td一个lign="center">0009年</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">拉普拉斯(0,1)</td><td一个lign="center">0087年</td><td一个lign="center">0092年</td><td一个lign="center">0074年</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">指数（1）</td><td一个lign="center">0006年</td><td一个lign="center">0007年</td><td一个lign="center">0005年</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">伽马（2,1）</td><td一个lign="center">0092年</td><td一个lign="center">0114年</td><td一个lign="center">0088年</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">威布尔(1、3)</td><td一个lign="center">0081年</td><td一个lign="center">0087年</td><td一个lign="center">0074年</td></tr><tr> <td align="left">β(7,4)</td><td一个lign="center">0157年</td><td一个lign="center">0151年</td><td一个lign="center">0138年</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="4"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表2</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jps/2012/214959/tab2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 通过使用6个群体的RSS获得的准确性:<年代vghe我ght＝＂11．75" id="M156" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 57.0625 11.75" width="57.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.6)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.74,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.19,62.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vghe我ght＝＂12．8875" id="M157" style="vertical-align:-1.76814pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 61.375 12.8875" width="61.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.8875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.990617" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.031006" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.282507" y="0"> ，</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.496258" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.747757" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>．</d我v></d我v></d我v><h4 id="conclusions">5.结论</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba结果表明，该方法的精度优于SRS方法<年代vghe我ght＝＂14．5875" id="M161" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:24.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.375 14.5875" width="24.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.77,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>进行了分析。它可以取负值，但在实验中它大于零。在所有的案例和使用中都是0<年代vghe我ght＝＂10．8125" id="M162" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:38.424999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.424999 10.8125" width="38.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.340461" y="0"> ＝</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.38085" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>可能是最好的选择。</p><h4gydF4y2Baid="acknowledgments">致谢</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba作者感谢审稿人提供的有用的意见，这些意见使之前的版本得以改进。本文由FON CONACYT合同10110/62/10支持。本月,8/10。</p></d我v><d我vclass="xml-content"> <h4 class="references" id="references">参考文献</h4><ogydF4y2Bal> <li id="B9">M.Rueda和S.González，“调查中缺失的数据和辅助信息，”<我>计算统计</我>，第19卷，第4期，第551-567页，2004年。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02753912">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Missing%20data%20and%20auxiliary%20information%20in%20surveys&author=M. Rueda &author=S. González&publication_year=2004" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://www.zentralblatt-math.org/zmath/en/advanced/?q=an%3A1068.65026">Zentralblatt数学</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B13">辛格,<我>高级抽样理论及其应用</我>，Kluwer Academic，多德雷赫特，荷兰，2003年。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks"></span></li> <li id="B3">W.G.科克伦，<我>抽样技术</我>， Wiley and Sons，纽约，纽约，美国，1971年。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks"></span></li> <li id="B12">H. P. Singh和S. Kumar，“在使用辅助信息的双重抽样无反应情况下估计总体均值的一般程序”，<我>统计和运筹学研究交易</我>第33卷第3期1，第71-84页，2009。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20general%20procedure%20of%20estimating%20the%20population%20mean%20in%20the%20presence%20of%20non-response%20under%20double%20sampling%20using%20auxiliary%20information&author=H. P. Singh &author=S. Kumar&publication_year=2009" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B5">M. H. Hansen和W. N. Hurvitz，《调查抽样中不回应的问题》，<我>美国统计协会杂志</我>一九四六年第41卷第517-523页。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2280572">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=The%20problem%20of%20non%20responses%20in%20survey%20sampling&author=M. H. Hansen &author=W. N. Hurvitz&publication_year=1946" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B14">K.P.Srinath，“无响应问题中的多相采样，”<我>美国统计协会杂志</我>，第66卷，第583-589页，1971年。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2283533">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Multiphase%20sampling%20in%20nonresponse%20problems&author=K. P. Srinath&publication_year=1971" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B1">C. N. Bouza， "在没有恢复的情况下发生的分裂的问题"<我>我是调查局的工作人员</我>，第32卷，第2期2，第30-36页，1981。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02888736">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Sobre%20el%20problema%20de%20la%20fraccion%20de%20submuestreo%20para%20el%20caso%20de%20las%20no%20respuestas&author=C. N. Bouza&publication_year=1981" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B8">G. A. McIntire，《使用排序集的无偏抽样方法》，<我>澳大利亚农业研究杂志</我>，第3卷，第385-390页，1952年。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9520385">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20method%20for%20unbiased%20sampling%20using%20ranked%20sets&author=G. A. McIntire&publication_year=1952" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B4">T. R Dell和J. L. Clutter，《具有顺序统计背景的排序集抽样理论》，<我>生物识别技术</我>，第28卷，545-555页，1972。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2556166">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Ranked%20set%20sampling%20theory%20with%20order%20statistics%20background&author=T. R Dell &author=J. L. Clutter&publication_year=1972" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://www.zentralblatt-math.org/zmath/en/advanced/?q=an%3A1193.62047">Zentralblatt数学</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B15">K. Takahashi和M. Wakimoto，“基于均值排序的样本的总体均值无偏估计”，<我>数理统计研究所年报</我>，第20卷，第2期。1，页1 - 31,1967。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02911622">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=On%20unbiased%20estimates%20of%20the%20population%20mean%20based%20on%20the%20sample%20stratified%20by%20means%20ordering&author=K. Takahashi &author=M. Wakimoto&publication_year=1967" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B2">C. N. Bouza，《无反应排序集抽样中均值的估计》<我>Metrika</gydF4y2Ba我>第56期2，页171-179,2002。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s001840100171">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Estimation%20of%20the%20mean%20in%20ranked%20set%20sampling%20with%20non%20responses&author=C. N. Bouza&publication_year=2002" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B6">B. B. kare和S. Srivastava，“在无反应存在的情况下使用辅助特征估计人口均值”，<我>美国国家科学院快报</我>，第16卷，第111-114页，1993年。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Estimation%20of%20population%20mean%20using%20auxiliary%20character%20in%20presence%20of%20non-response&author=B. B. Khare &author=S. Srivastava&publication_year=1993" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://www.zentralblatt-math.org/zmath/en/advanced/?q=an%3A0949.62510">Zentralblatt数学</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B7">B.B.Khare和S.Srivastava，“存在无响应时传统和替代两阶段抽样比率乘积和回归估计的研究，”<我>美国国家科学院院刊</我>，第65卷，195 - 203,1995年。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Study%20of%20conventional%20and%20alternative%20two%20phase%20sampling%20ratio%20product%20and%20regression%20estimators%20in%20presence%20of%20non-response&author=B. B. Khare &author=S. Srivastava&publication_year=1995" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B10">H. P. Singh和S. Kumar，“使用两阶段抽样方案进行无响应情况下的均值估计”，<我>统计文件</我>第51卷第1期3，页559-582,2010。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00362-008-0140-5">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Estimation%20of%20mean%20in%20presence%20of%20non-response%20using%20two%20phase%20sampling%20scheme&author=H. P. Singh &author=S. Kumar&publication_year=2010" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个></年代p一个n></li> <li id="B11">H. P. Singh和S. Kumar，“在无反应存在的情况下，对有限总体均值的估计的回归方法，”<我>澳大利亚和新西兰统计杂志</我>，第50卷，第5期。4, pp. 395-408, 2008。<年代p一个nclass="reflinks">视图:<一个href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842X.2008.00525.x">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个nclass="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20regression%20approach%20to%20the%20estimation%20of%20the%20finite%20population%20mean%20in%20the%20presence%20of%20non-response&author=H. P. Singh &author=S. Kumar&publication_year=2008" target="_blank">谷歌学者</一个></年代p一个n></li> </ol> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="copyright" id="copyright">版权</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba版权所有©2012 Gaajendra K. Agarwal等。这是一篇发布在<一个rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">知识共享署名许可协议</一个>，允许在任何媒介上不受限制地使用、传播和复制，但必须正确引用原作。</p></d我v></d我v></article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 eyHfWh journal_article__BiblioIntegratorWidget-sc-12fk6zy-5 dbAANp article_widget biblioWrapper hide"> <hr> <h4 class="biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 kgAKHb hrTitleRef">更多相关文章</h4><d我v我d＝＂b我blio_widget" class="biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 jgHHJS"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__RightWrapper-sc-1bf4078-2 jzTMLK rightWrapper" id="rightSectionMenu"> <div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyTopToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-0 gbrQxi article_sticky_top_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cBdUnI hRnXob article_top_toolbar"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dIjoCg sc-exkUMo hymroZ pdf_desktop button__group" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/jps/2012/214959.pdf" aria-label="" target="_blank" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/src/icon/svg/pdf.svg" height="24"><span class="text">PDF</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dIjoCg sc-kcDeIU cbcyj ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jps/2012/214959.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavLarge"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">下载引用</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dIjoCg sc-BngTV hmDWcT ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jps/2012/214959.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">引用</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-1 isgRZA article_sticky_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cTjmhe ihmyEq article_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cugefK itFKcQ accordion" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__dofNav"> <span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">下载其他格式</年代p一个n><年代p一个nclass="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">更多</年代p一个n></年代p一个n> <span class="sc-htoDjs bMdQcY sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="11"></span> </div> <div class="sc-fnwBNb etzuBr"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-iNhVCk gWgCNb open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/jps/2012/214959.epub" aria-label="ePub" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-eAKXzc WHkfb"> ePub</d我v><我米g一个lt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-iNhVCk gWgCNb open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/jps/2012/214959.xml" aria-label="XML" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-eAKXzc WHkfb"> XML</d我v><我米g一个lt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiPz4KPHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMjBweCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyMnB4IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMjAgMjIiIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayI+CiAgICA8IS0tIEdlbmVyYXRvcjogU2tldGNoIDUzLjIgKDcyNjQzKSAtIGh0dHBzOi8vc2tldGNoYXBwLmNvbSAtLT4KICAgIDx0aXRsZT5jaGV2cm9uLWRvd24gY29weSAzPC90aXRsZT4KICAgIDxkZXNjPkNyZWF0ZWQgd2l0aCBTa2V0Y2guPC9kZXNjPgogICAgPGRlZnM+CiAgICAgICAgPHBhdGggZD0iTTExLDEzLjU4NTc4NjQgTDExLDIgQzExLDEuNDQ3NzE1MjUgMTEuNDQ3NzE1MywxIDEyLDEgQzEyLjU1MjI4NDcsMSAxMywxLjQ0NzcxNTI1IDEzLDIgTDEzLDEzLjU4NTc4NjQgTDE1LjI5Mjg5MzIsMTEuMjkyODkzMiBDMTUuNjgzNDE3NSwxMC45MDIzNjg5IDE2LjMxNjU4MjUsMTAuOTAyMzY4OSAxNi43MDcxMDY4LDExLjI5Mjg5MzIgQzE3LjA5NzYzMTEsMTEuNjgzNDE3NSAxNy4wOTc2MzExLDEyLjMxNjU4MjUgMTYuNzA3MTA2OCwxMi43MDcxMDY4IEwxMi43MDcxMDY4LDE2LjcwNzEwNjggQzEyLjMxNjU4MjUsMTcuMDk3NjMxMSAxMS42ODM0MTc1LDE3LjA5NzYzMTEgMTEuMjkyODkzMiwxNi43MDcxMDY4IEw3LjI5Mjg5MzIyLDEyLjcwNzEwNjggQzYuOTAyMzY4OTMsMTIuMzE2NTgyNSA2LjkwMjM2ODkzLDExLjY4MzQxNzUgNy4yOTI4OTMyMiwxMS4yOTI4OTMyIEM3LjY4MzQxNzUxLDEwLjkwMjM2ODkgOC4zMTY1ODI0OSwxMC45MDIzNjg5IDguNzA3MTA2NzgsMTEuMjkyODkzMiBMMTEsMTMuNTg1Nzg2NCBaIE0yLDE3IEMyLDE2LjQ0NzcxNTMgMi40NDc3MTUyNSwxNiAzLDE2IEMzLjU1MjI4NDc1LDE2IDQsMTYuNDQ3NzE1MyA0LDE3IEw0LDIwIEM0LDIwLjU1MjI4NDcgNC40NDc3MTUyNSwyMSA1LDIxIEwxOSwyMSBDMTkuNTUyMjg0NywyMSAyMCwyMC41NTIyODQ3IDIwLDIwIEwyMCwxNyBDMjAsMTYuNDQ3NzE1MyAyMC40NDc3MTUzLDE2IDIxLDE2IEMyMS41NTIyODQ3LDE2IDIyLDE2LjQ0NzcxNTMgMjIsMTcgTDIyLDIwIEMyMiwyMS42NTY4NTQyIDIwLjY1Njg1NDIsMjMgMTksMjMgTDUsMjMgQzMuMzQzMTQ1NzUsMjMgMiwyMS42NTY4NTQyIDIsMjAgTDIsMTcgWiIgaWQ9InBhdGgtMSI+PC9wYXRoPgogICAgPC9kZWZzPgogICAgPGcgaWQ9IlN5bWJvbHMiIHN0cm9rZT0ibm9uZSIgc3Ryb2tlLXdpZHRoPSIxIiBmaWxsPSJub25lIiBmaWxsLXJ1bGU9ImV2ZW5vZGQiPgogICAgICAgIDxnIGlkPSJTaWRlYmFycy9EZXNrdG9wL0FydGljbGUtU2lkZWJhciIgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoLTI5MS4wMDAwMDAsIC0xMzQuMDAwMDAwKSI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxnIGlkPSJEb3dubG9hZC1yZWZlcmVuY2UiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDAuMDAwMDAwLCAxMTIuMDAwMDAwKSI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8ZyBpZD0iVHlwZS1hbmQtaWNvbnMiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDIwLjAwMDAwMCwgMjEuMDAwMDAwKSI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPGcgaWQ9Ikljb25zL0Rvd25sb2FkIiB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgyNjkuMDAwMDAwLCAwLjAwMDAwMCkiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8ZyBpZD0iZG93bmxvYWQiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPG1hc2sgaWQ9Im1hc2stMiIgZmlsbD0id2hpdGUiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDx1c2UgeGxpbms6aHJlZj0iI3BhdGgtMSI+PC91c2U+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8L21hc2s+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8dXNlIGlkPSJDb21iaW5lZC1TaGFwZSIgZmlsbD0iIzAwMDAwMCIgZmlsbC1ydWxlPSJub256ZXJvIiB4bGluazpocmVmPSIjcGF0aC0xIj48L3VzZT4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDxnIGlkPSJDT0xPUi8tUHJpbWFyeS1HcmVlbiIgbWFzaz0idXJsKCNtYXNrLTIpIiBmaWxsPSIjNkJBNDM5IiBmaWxsLXJ1bGU9ImV2ZW5vZGQiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDxyZWN0IGlkPSJSZWN0YW5nbGUiIHg9IjAiIHk9IjAiIHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCI+PC9yZWN0PgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPC9nPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8L2c+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPC9nPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPC9nPgogICAgICAgICAgICA8L2c+CiAgICAgICAgPC9nPgogICAgPC9nPgo8L3N2Zz4=" height="24"></a> </div> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-imABML ibWUzs" href="//www.newsama.com/reprints/214959/confirm" aria-label="Order Printed Copies" target="_blank" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__opcNav"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">订单打印副本</年代p一个n><年代p一个nclass="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">顺序</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL right__icon icon-colored _32KP5uexH-Bgs7Kj8Gk1Tz icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-hBbWxd kdRRST"> <div class="sc-dyGzUR cHatnS"> <div> 意见<年代p一个n>950</gydF4y2Ba年代p一个n></d我v><d我v> 下载<年代p一个n>552</gydF4y2Ba年代p一个n></d我v></d我v> <div> <div class="sc-drKuOJ kxdGAZ"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1155/2012/214959" data-style="small_circle"></span>引用</d我v></d我v></d我v><nav class="sc-bRBYWo fXBKFa sc-hUfwpO jHPgUP" id="toolbar__iconNav"> <h3 class="sc-Rmtcm hNPrIr">分享文章</h3.．><ugydF4y2Bal class="sc-hzDkRC bnbfTS"> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/214959&via=Hindawi" aria-label="Sharing on Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialTwitter" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"></a></li> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle/?url=https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/214959" aria-label="Sharing on Linkedin" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialLinkedin" title="" role="presentation" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/src/icon/svg/socialLinkedin.svg" height="24"></a></li> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/214959" aria-label="Sharing on Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialFacebook" title="" role="presentation" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/Nc7jgPU06JU3XgMU0tszD/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/src/icon/svg/socialFacebook-HINDAWI.svg" height="24"></a></li> <li class="iconBorder"> <div class="wechat-container"> <img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialWechat" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"> <div class="addthis_inline_share_toolbox"></div> </div></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:?subject=Double Sampling with Ranked Set Selection in the Second Phase with Nonresponse: Analytical Results and Monte Carlo Experiences&body=https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/214959" aria-label="Sharing on Mail" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialMail" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 cBTaXT journal_article__BiblioIntegratorSidebar-sc-12fk6zy-4 cYsVdk biblioWrapperRight biblioWrapper hide"> <hr> <h4 class="biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 kgAKHb hrTitleRef">相关文章</h4><d我v我d＝＂b我blio_sidebar" class="biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 jgHHJS"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer class="sc-jKJlTe inBNwS"> <section class="sc-eNQAEJ dkutRV"> <div class="sc-bZQynM bNmdOy E_HUmlU2Hj3PpkDmWzKPd primary__footer footer__bodypadding"> <div class="sc-hMqMXs hlGpbO mobile"> 遵循我们:<n一个vrole="navigation" class="sc-kkGfuU filPdg"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://twitter.com/hindawi" aria-label="Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/hindawilimited/" aria-label="LinkedIn" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDIK_O7FATPEkhad_sQVaSg" aria-label="Youtube" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://www.facebook.com/HindawiLimited/" aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iNDAiIGhlaWdodD0iMzkiIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCA0MCAzOSIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNNDAgMTkuNDU5NUM0MCA4LjcxMzk0IDMxLjA0NCAwIDIwIDBDOC45NTU5OSAwIDAgOC43MTM5NCAwIDE5LjQ1OTVDMCAzMC4yMDUgOC45NTU5OSAzOC45MTg5IDIwIDM4LjkxODlDMjAuMTE3NSAzOC45MTg5IDIwLjIzNDQgMzguOTE2NSAyMC4zNTE2IDM4LjkxNDVWMjMuNzY2MUgxNi4wNTQ3VjE4Ljg5MzhIMjAuMzUxNlYxNS4zMDg0QzIwLjM1MTYgMTEuMTUwMiAyMi45NjA1IDguODg3MDUgMjYuNzcyOCA4Ljg4NzA1QzI4LjU5ODMgOC44ODcwNSAzMC4xNjc1IDkuMDE5NDggMzAuNjI1IDkuMDc4NTdWMTMuNDI0NEgyNy45OTYyQzI1LjkyMjIgMTMuNDI0NCAyNS41MjA2IDE0LjM4MzUgMjUuNTIwNiAxNS43OTA2VjE4Ljg5MzhIMzAuNDc5N0wyOS44MzM0IDIzLjc2NjFIMjUuNTIwNlYzOC4xNjcxQzMzLjg4MDMgMzUuODM1MyA0MCAyOC4zNDE4IDQwIDE5LjQ1OTVaIiBmaWxsPSIjRjJGMkYyIj48L3BhdGg+PC9zdmc+" height="40"></a> </nav> </div> <nav class="E_HUmlU2Hj3PpkDmWzKPd _3wm8FgzqRuRWouJG31YgKx" role="navigation"> <ul class="_2k5c8zEhMT-84kRD4oDgAz _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link about_us" href="//www.newsama.com/about/" aria-label="About us">关于我们</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link contact_us" href="//www.newsama.com/about/contact/" aria-label="Contact us">联系我们</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link partnerships" href="//www.newsama.com/publishing-partnerships/" aria-label="Partnerships">伙伴关系</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link blog" href="//www.newsama.com/blog/" aria-label="Blog">博客</一个></li> </ul> <ul class="_2k5c8zEhMT-84kRD4oDgAz _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link journals" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/" aria-label="Journals">期刊</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link article_processing_charges" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/authors/article-processing-charges/" aria-label="Article Processing Charges">物品处理费</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link print_editions" href="//www.newsama.com/print-editions/" aria-label="Print editions">印刷版</一个></li> </ul> <ul class="_2k5c8zEhMT-84kRD4oDgAz _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link authors" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/authors/" aria-label="Authors">作者</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link editors" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/editors/" aria-label="Editors">编辑器</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link reviewers" href="//www.newsama.com/publish-research/reviewers/" aria-label="Reviewers">评论家</一个></li> </ul> <ul class="_2k5c8zEhMT-84kRD4oDgAz _1SoDWGr_FVsil9klRfjnhb"> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link hindawi_xml_corpus" href="//www.newsama.com/hindawi-xml-corpus/" aria-label="Hindawi XML Corpus">雷电竞APP</a></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link open_archives_initiative" href="//www.newsama.com/open-archives-initiative/" aria-label="Open Archives Initiative">开放档案计划</一个></li> <li><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link fraud_prevention" href="//www.newsama.com/preventing-and-protecting-against-fraud/" aria-label="Fraud prevention">防止欺诈</一个></li> </ul> </nav> <div class="sc-hMqMXs hlGpbO desktop"> 遵循我们:<n一个vrole="navigation" class="sc-kkGfuU filPdg"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://twitter.com/hindawi" aria-label="Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/hindawilimited/" aria-label="LinkedIn" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDIK_O7FATPEkhad_sQVaSg" aria-label="Youtube" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-kEYyzF ecHxGW" href="https://www.facebook.com/HindawiLimited/" aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje TsaZF" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="40"></a> </nav> </div> </div> </section> <div class="sc-bZQynM bNmdOy"> <section class="sc-iAyFgw gCiATD"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/privacy/" aria-label="Privacy Policy">隐私政策<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> |</一个><一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/terms/" aria-label="Terms of Service">服务条款<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> |</一个><一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/responsible-disclosure-policy/" aria-label="Responsible Disclosure Policy">负责任的披露政策<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> |</一个><一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/cookie-policy/" aria-label="Cookie Policy">饼干的政策<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> |</一个><一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/copyright/" aria-label="Copyright">版权<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> |</一个><一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="//www.newsama.com/modern-slavery-statement/" aria-label="Modern slavery statement">现代奴隶制的声明<gydF4y2Ba!-- --></a> </section> </div> </footer> <div class="sc-OxbzP eEFYIL advWrapper hideBanner"> <span><p>年度文章奖:由主编评选的2020年杰出研究贡献。<一个href="//www.newsama.com/article-year-award/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">阅读获奖文章</一个>．</p></年代p一个n><button class="sc-bYnzgO dsXEHZ"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje iiusBg sc-cPuPxo iXKuYd" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="16"></button> </div> </div> </div> <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.newsama.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MQ4MGW" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript> </div> </body> </html>