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.expand_btn{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;margin-top:10px;min-width:55px;display:none;} @media (min-width:768px){.bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .expand_btn{display:none;}} .bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{-webkit-flex:9;-ms-flex:9;flex:9;text-align:left;padding:21px 37px 10px 0px;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;} @media (min-width:768px){.bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 18px 10px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 21px 10px 21px;}} .bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;padding:16px 0 16px 0;min-width:62px;max-width:62px;} @media (min-width:768px){.bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:16px 0 17px 0;min-width:52px;max-width:52px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:15px 0 17px 0;min-width:60px;max-width:60px;}} .bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;} .bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{font-size:14px;padding:0px 18px 17px 22px;} @media (min-width:768px){.bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 15px 15px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 18px 19px 21px;}} .bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text figcaption{margin:0;padding:0;} .bYDOBI .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text svg{max-width:100%;} .bYDOBI ol{font-size:16px;padding-left:32px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;line-height:24px;margin:15px 0;} .bYDOBI ol li{margin:10px 0;padding-left:10px;word-break:normal;} .bYDOBI ol li a{word-break:break-all;} .bYDOBI ol li .reflinks{display:block;} .bYDOBI ol li .reflinks a{color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .bYDOBI ol li .reflinks a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} .bYDOBI ol li .reflinks .sep{color:#000000;} .bYDOBI .table-wrapper{width:auto;overflow-x:auto;} .bYDOBI .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar{-webkit-appearance:none;width:5px;height:5px;} .bYDOBI .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:5px;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.5);} @media (min-width:768px){.bYDOBI .table-wrapper{overflow-x:auto;width:auto;-webkit-break-word:word-break;break-word:word-break;margin:0 auto;}} @media (min-width:992px){.bYDOBI .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:1324px){.bYDOBI .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:320px){.bYDOBI{margin-bottom:33px;padding:0;}} @media (min-width:992px){.bYDOBI{padding:0;margin-bottom:100px;}} @media (min-width:1325px){.bYDOBI{margin-bottom:100px;}} .bYDOBI .owl-stage{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .bYDOBI .floats-partial-middle--thumbs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .bYDOBI .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot svg{fill:#4D8A17;width:100%;} .bYDOBI .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot strong{color:#4D8A17;font-weight:500;} .bYDOBI .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active strong{color:#007B8B;} .bYDOBI .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active svg{fill:#007B8B;} .bYDOBI .partial-carousel-dot{text-align:center;cursor:pointer;border:0;width:100px;padding-bottom:20px;background-color:#fff;display:table-cell;} .bYDOBI .partial-carousel-dot:focus-visible{outline-offset:-3px;} .bYDOBI .partial-carousel-dot strong{font-size:11px;padding-top:12px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.bYDOBI .partial-carousel-dot strong{font-size:16px;}} .bYDOBI .partial-carousel-dot img{width:90px;height:90px;border:1px solid #979797;margin:10px 0;} .bYDOBI .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle{border-top:1px solid #e3e3e3;display:block;margin-bottom:50px;padding-top:1px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.bYDOBI .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}} .bYDOBI .partial-carousel--single-image{overflow:hidden;text-align:center;} .bYDOBI .partial-carousel--single-image 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href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jo/" aria-label="Journal of Oncology">肿瘤学杂志</一个>/<一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-gGCbJM eslOan breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jo/contents/year/2012/" aria-label="2012">2012年</一个>/<gydF4y2Baspan class="sc-lcpuFF dIyyAR">文章</gydF4y2Baspan> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ThreeColumnWrapper-sc-1bf4078-0 uVYyF threeColumnWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__LeftWrapper-sc-1bf4078-1 fkVFlF leftWrapper"> <button type="button" class="sc-jeCdPy hPDggI section__button " id="sectionButton"><span class="sc-htoDjs diutvq icon__dots dots__detector icon-colored _3n-7Ho7DlfjMlZbrRr9Q4a icon-themeable" title="" font-size="22"></span>文章部分</gydF4y2Babutton> <div class="sc-gtfDJT eVAVoo static_contents__section_links links__hidden "> <div id="leftSectionMenu" class="sc-GMQeP fMysxi sc-eInJlc cfvYGB left_section_menu"> <p>在这一页上</gydF4y2Bap> <span class="sc-hzDEsm gxpLsG grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fOICqy iXqXlM" href="#abstract" aria-label="">文摘</一个></span> <span class="sc-hzDEsm gxpLsG grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fOICqy iXqXlM" href="#introduction" aria-label="">介绍</一个></span> <span class="sc-hzDEsm gxpLsG grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fOICqy iXqXlM" href="#acknowledgments" aria-label="">确认</一个></span> <span class="sc-hzDEsm gxpLsG grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fOICqy iXqXlM" href="#references" aria-label="">引用</一个></span> <span class="sc-hzDEsm gxpLsG grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fOICqy iXqXlM" href="#copyright" aria-label="">版权</一个></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ContentWrapper-sc-1bf4078-3 bbzREB contentWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__Content-sc-1bf4078-4 jknsZc content"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-0 eSvjPB article_contents"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 jntdRu article_contents__sections_wrapper"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 hAzjHP"> <div class="sc-ebFjAB jxEVjH article_header_class"> <div class="sc-jKVCRD knRIAt"> <span class="sc-kaNhvL icFqNo">特殊的问题</gydF4y2Baspan> <h2 class="sc-LKuAh drbbAL">肿瘤血管生成2012</h2gydF4y2Ba> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-iBEsjs bPVowM" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jo/si/713063/" aria-label="">把这个特殊的问题</一个> <hr class="sc-gmeYpB dcKYMv"> </div> <p class="sc-hzNEM exLcDH article_type">评论文章|<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->开放获取</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="sc-chbbiW kzNyka article_citation"> 体积<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 2012年<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> <span class="sc-cooIXK hCCmjz">|</gydF4y2Baspan>文章的ID<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 204593年<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> <span class="sc-cooIXK hCCmjz">|</gydF4y2Baspan> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fcdeBU dJIaji" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/204593" aria-label="Doi-link">https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/204593</一个> </div> <div class="sc-bmyXtO gDNLQN article_full_citation"> <div class="sc-jtggT bycqoT isHide"> <p>Tsutomu Kume<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> ”<gydF4y2Baspan>FoxC2转录因子在肿瘤血管生成的作用</gydF4y2Baspan>”,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --><i>肿瘤学杂志</我>,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 卷。<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2012年<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 文章的ID<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->204593年<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 7<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->   页面<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> 2012年<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->。<gydF4y2Ba!-- --> https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/204593</gydF4y2Bap> </div> <button class="sc-iAyFgw irxuxk sc-dEoRIm jkPgtr" color="">显示引用</gydF4y2Babutton> </div> <h1 class="sc-gPEVay iUuzmH sc-kxynE dZgsvk article_title heading-title">FoxC2转录因子在肿瘤血管生成的作用</h1gydF4y2Ba> </div> <div class="sc-gpHHfC cdKJIh article_authors"> <hr class="sc-gPzReC jVvWtU hr__author"> <span class=""><b>Tsutomu Kume</gydF4y2Bab><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail Option"><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-gVyKpa kNPCsS icon-colored _2zt-1j0LmaF8UjTQAM413G icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a><sup>1</gydF4y2Basup></span> <div class="sc-kQsIoO lnoGXA isHide"> <p><sup>1</gydF4y2Basup><span>Feinberg心血管研究所、西北大学范伯格医学院,303 e芝加哥大道,芝加哥,60611年,美国</gydF4y2Baspan></p> </div> <button class="sc-iAyFgw irxuxk sc-cpmKsF dxqSPm" color="">显示更多</gydF4y2Babutton> </div> <div class="articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 evMkvU"> <div class="articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 fYrLtk"> <b>学术编辑器:</gydF4y2Bab>Debabrata Mukhopadhyay</gydF4y2Badiv> <div class="articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 fjviok"> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">收到了</gydF4y2Baspan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年5月27日</gydF4y2Baspan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">修改后的</gydF4y2Baspan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年8月17日</gydF4y2Baspan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">接受</gydF4y2Baspan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年8月29日</gydF4y2Baspan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC isPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">发表</gydF4y2Baspan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年11月16日</gydF4y2Baspan> </div> </div> </div> <article class="sc-hgHYgh bYDOBI article_body "> <div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">文摘</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>有了更多了解潜在的肿瘤血管生成的机制,和治疗目标血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)限制肿瘤血管生成和随后的疾病进展最近被批准。然而,转录调节病理性血管生成的机制在很大程度上仍未知。成员FoxC2 Forkhead框(福克斯)转录因子家族,在开发过程中对血管的形成至关重要,最近的研究表明,FoxC2在内皮表达人类和老鼠的肿瘤。在黑色素瘤B16转椅老鼠模型中,缺Foxc2减少肿瘤的生长和新生血管形成和增加在mural-cell覆盖率与损伤有关,在肿瘤血管内皮细胞凋亡。FoxC2也表达的肿瘤细胞在人类乳腺癌、结肠、食道癌和参与epithelial-mesenchymal过渡(EMT),一个关键过程,导致恶性肿瘤的浸润和转移。总的来说,这些观察结果表明,FoxC2对肿瘤血管生成和疾病进展至关重要,FoxC2可能是一个可行的癌症治疗的目标。</gydF4y2Bap> <span class="end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction">1。介绍</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>肿瘤血管生成是肿瘤发展的关键因素和发展<一个href="#B1">1</一个>因为肿瘤血管供应氧气和营养物质到肿瘤组织,促进癌细胞的浸润和转移。肿瘤血管通常是混乱和过度支<一个href="#B2">2</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B4">4</一个>),肿瘤血管的形成涉及复杂的肿瘤细胞之间的相互作用及其微环境由很多肿瘤细胞和其他细胞分泌的血管生成因子在肿瘤微环境。proangiogenic的机制因素,如血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)促进肿瘤血管生成已深入研究[<一个href="#B2">2</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B4">4</一个>];然而,转录因子,参与这一过程仍不完全清楚。FoxC2转录因子是一个刚被公认的肿瘤血管生成和转移,监管机构,本文总结了目前知道FoxC2在癌症的作用。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="forkhead-transcription-factors-in-cancer">2。Forkhead转录因子在癌症</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>狐狸(Forkhead框)转录因子组成一个大家庭的蛋白质具有类似dna结合域的进化从酵母到人类(<一个href="#B5">5</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B7">7</一个>];其他功能区域的福克斯蛋白质,如transactivation和transrepression域,在很大程度上是不同的。福克斯的共识,seven-nucleotide核心序列受单体的蛋白质是5′- (G / A) (T / C) (A / C) AA (C / T) A - 3′(<一个href="#B8">8</一个>,<一个href="#B9">9</一个>),和福克斯蛋白分布在19个亚科(FoxA绝大部分)基于dna结合域的相似之处。大写字母是用来指定人类福克斯基因(如FoxC2),第一个字母是大写的老鼠的基因(例如,FoxC2),第一个字母大写,子类的脊索动物(如FoxC2)。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>福克斯蛋白质有许多胚胎发育的重要作用,和福克斯基因的突变或失调往往是与疾病有关,包括癌症(<一个href="#B10">10</一个>]。FoxM1表达在神经胶质瘤和胰腺癌细胞,促进血管生成调节VEGF表达(<一个href="#B11">11</一个>,<一个href="#B12">12</一个>),FoxO1/3/4作为肿瘤抑制前列腺癌和白血病(<一个href="#B13">13</一个>,<一个href="#B14">14</一个>),最近的证据表明,FoxC2在肿瘤发展的关键因素和疾病进展。因此,的说明<我>福克斯</我>基因的功能可能会确定治疗癌症的新策略。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="role-of-foxc2-in-vascular-development-and-angiogenesis">3所示。FoxC2在血管发展和血管生成</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>小鼠FoxC2高度在血内皮细胞在胚胎发育中表达的<一个href="#B15">16</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B18">19</一个>]。FoxC2有助于动脉早期胚胎发育过程中细胞规范Notch信号通路的下游调节器(<一个href="#B17">18</一个>,<一个href="#B19">20.</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B21">22</一个>],FoxC2参与血管生成(<一个href="#B22">23</一个>,<一个href="#B23">24</一个>)通过其下游的活动目标CXC-chemokine受体4 (CXCR4)和整合素<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.425" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>3 (<一个href="#B24">25</一个>,<一个href="#B25">26</一个>]。FoxC2在血管内皮细胞的转录活动由VEGF信号调制(<一个href="#B19">20.</一个>],FoxC2至关重要的内皮细胞迁移对VEGF或stromal-cell-derived因子1 (SDF-1)和体外[微血管的形成<一个href="#B24">25</一个>,<一个href="#B25">26</一个>]。最近的研究表明,FoxC2和Ets转录因子的活动Etv2结合调节endothelial-specific基因表达在早期开发,包括Flk1 Tie2, VE-cadherin [<一个href="#B26">27</一个>),Ets转录因子是肿瘤血管生成(被认为是重要的<一个href="#B27">28</一个>),但是否FoxC2 Etv2也coregulate肿瘤血管形成尚未确定。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>表观遗传变异的重要性在血管生成的规定,包括angiogenesis-associated基因的甲基化和组蛋白乙酰化作用,越来越明显(<一个href="#B28">29日</一个>];例如,组蛋白脱乙酰酶(HDAC) SIRT1诱发内皮细胞的萌芽和分支脱去乙酰基Foxo1 [<一个href="#B29">30.</一个>]。SIRT1也调节内皮细胞的血管生成活性脱去乙酰基Notch1胞内域研究所(<一个href="#B30">31日</一个>),包含镍镉和切口转录激活复杂生理和功能与FoxC2 [<一个href="#B19">20.</一个>]。总的来说,这些观察结果表明,FoxC2可能参与SIRT1-mediated转录控制血管生成。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>FoxC2在淋巴内皮细胞也表达了在开发过程中(<一个href="#B31">32</一个>,<一个href="#B32">33</一个>],突变在人类FoxC2负责常染色体显性遗传综合征水肿产生,它的特点是妨碍淋巴引流的四肢和一组额外的睫毛的生长(<一个href="#B33">34</一个>,<一个href="#B34">35</一个>]。先天性淋巴管也观察到在FoxC2突变小鼠:杂合的FoxC2突变体显示淋巴血管的增生(<一个href="#B35">36</一个>),纯合子FoxC2突变体缺陷淋巴阀门和淋巴血管外膜细胞招聘异常(<一个href="#B32">33</一个>]。的贡献FoxC2 lymphangiogenesis在病理条件下,如癌症仍然是未知的。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="foxc2-in-tumor-angiogenesis">4所示。FoxC2在肿瘤血管生成</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>FoxC2表达式已经检测到肿瘤内皮细胞的人类和小鼠黑素瘤,这表明FoxC2在肿瘤血管生成的作用(表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jo/2012/204593/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>)[<一个href="#B36">15</一个>]。纯合子突变FoxC2导致围产期杀伤力,所以FoxC2在证实了黑色素瘤皮下注射细胞植入小鼠黑色素瘤B16转椅在野生型和杂合的FoxC2突变小鼠(FoxC2 + / -)。肿瘤生长和血管生成是非常低的FoxC2 + / -突变体(图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jo/2012/204593/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>)[<一个href="#B36">15</一个>),证实FoxC2在肿瘤血管生成有重要作用。基质金属蛋白酶(MMP) - 2表达也减少了从FoxC2 + / -小鼠B16转椅肿瘤<一个href="#B36">15</一个>),这是一致的证据表明,MMP2对肿瘤生长和血管生成(很重要<一个href="#B37">37</一个>,<一个href="#B38">38</一个>]。淋巴内皮标志物的表达Prox1和Lyve1持平<一个href="#B36">15</一个>),尽管有证据表明FoxC2在淋巴内皮细胞表达。</gydF4y2Bap> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab1"> <table class="table-group" id="tab1"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="left">肿瘤类型</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center">数量</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center">FoxC2表达式</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center">预后</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">黑色素瘤(<一个href="#B36">15</一个>]</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">血管内皮细胞</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center">不评价</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">乳腺癌、结肠癌(<一个href="#B36">15</一个>]</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">腺癌</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center">不评价</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">食管(<一个href="#B56">39</一个>]</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center">70年</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center">癌症细胞的细胞质</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center">5年生存:70% FoxC2(低);FoxC2 30%(高)</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">乳房(<一个href="#B58">40</一个>]</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center">18</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center">高度积极的官腔肿瘤</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center">不评价</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">乳房(<一个href="#B62">41</一个>]</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"> <svg height="14.275" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 116.0125 14.275" width="116.0125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.275)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.58)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> C</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> D</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.366667" y="0"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.618168" y="0"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-42.08,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> h</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 我</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> g</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.185056" y="0"> h</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-26.02,60.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> C</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.815335" y="0"> D</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.842501" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.094002" y="0"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,7.33,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> l</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> o</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.6165118" y="0"> w</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>细胞</gydF4y2Batd> <td align="center">不评价</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="4"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表1</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jo/2012/204593/tab1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 总结FoxC2表达在人类癌症和预后。</gydF4y2Badiv> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig1"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e="204593.fig.001a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jo/volume-2012/204593/figures/204593.fig.001a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e="204593.fig.001b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jo/volume-2012/204593/figures/204593.fig.001b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(c)”n一个米e="204593.fig.001c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jo/volume-2012/204593/figures/204593.fig.001c.jpg"> <br> <strong>(c)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(d)”n一个米e="204593.fig.001d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jo/volume-2012/204593/figures/204593.fig.001d.jpg"> <br> <strong>(d)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig1"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e="204593.fig.001a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jo/volume-2012/204593/figures/204593.fig.001a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e="204593.fig.001b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jo/volume-2012/204593/figures/204593.fig.001b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(c)"><img alt="(c)”n一个米e="204593.fig.001c" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jo/volume-2012/204593/figures/204593.fig.001c.jpg"><br><strong>(c)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(d)"><img alt="(d)”n一个米e="204593.fig.001d" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jo/volume-2012/204593/figures/204593.fig.001d.jpg"><br><strong>(d)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig1"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图1</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jo/2012/204593/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="12.05" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-1.09097pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 71.599998 12.05" width="71.599998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.36)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</gydF4y2Batspan> 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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.25)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.890113" y="0"> <</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.182001" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.307751" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.559254" y="0"> 5</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="9.125" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="11.25" id="M7" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.150002 11.25" width="56.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.25)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.890113" y="0"> <</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.182001" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.307751" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.559254" y="0"> 5</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="9.125" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="9.125" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="11.25" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.150002 11.25" width="56.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.25)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.890113" y="0"> <</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.182001" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.307751" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.559254" y="0"> 5</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <a href="#B36">15</一个> <table> 肿瘤发展和血管生成在FoxC2 + / -小鼠受损。(a)皮下黑色素瘤B16转椅细胞在WT FoxC2 + / -小鼠注射后11天。黄色箭头标识一个较小的肿瘤FoxC2 + / -鼠标。(b)不同的肿瘤重量与WT FoxC2 + / -观察小鼠黑色素瘤B16转椅细胞注射后11天。数据从五个独立的实验,提出了gydF4y2Ba。统计学意义与学生的评估gydF4y2Ba以及。*gydF4y2Ba与WT。(c, d)肿瘤血管生成减少FoxC2 + / -老鼠。(c)毛细血管的总数计算通过计算PECAM-1-positive内皮细胞B16转椅肿瘤。统计学意义与学生的评估gydF4y2Ba以及(*gydF4y2Ba和WT)。总血管密度(d)是通过测量评估学生的计算gydF4y2Ba以及PECAM-1-positive船。统计学意义与学生的评估gydF4y2Ba以及。*gydF4y2Ba与WT。改编自佐et al。]gydF4y2Ba。</gydF4y2Batable> </div> </div> </div> <p>VEGF-A表达式也受损的小鼠B16转椅肿瘤从FoxC2 + / - (<一个href="#B36">15</一个>),这种下降趋势可能限制肿瘤新血管形成。负责VEGF-A下降表达的细胞尚未确定;然而,自分泌VEGF信号促进内皮细胞存活率(<一个href="#B39">42</一个>)和平滑肌<我>α</我>肌动蛋白(<我>α</我>SMA -)阳性癌症相关的成纤维细胞(保护),来表达VEGF-A在肿瘤微环境<一个href="#B40">43</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B42">45</一个>),是不太常见的肿瘤从FoxC2 + / -老鼠比从野生型小鼠肿瘤<一个href="#B36">15</一个>]。战乱国家还会分泌基质细胞衍生因子1 (SDF-1),刺激肿瘤的生长通过激活其受体CXCR4在肿瘤细胞和功能作为招聘化学引诱物从骨髓内皮祖细胞,随后促进血管生成(<一个href="#B42">45</一个>]。FoxC2也是调节内皮细胞的CXCR4-dependent动员,从骨髓内皮祖细胞(<一个href="#B24">25</一个>,<一个href="#B43">46</一个>),因此FoxC2可能有一个双向影响的贡献从骨髓细胞肿瘤血管生成增加细胞动员和SDF-1-mediated招聘动员细胞肿瘤。此外,FoxC2表达式是由肾脏缺氧缺血/再灌注损伤后(<一个href="#B44">47</一个>),肿瘤微环境中的低氧梯度开发增加SDF-1表达式在战乱国家和趋化因子受体CXCR4表达在肿瘤细胞(<一个href="#B45">48</一个>,<一个href="#B46">49</一个>];因此,通过hypoxia-related FoxC2也可以导致肿瘤血管生成机制。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>成纤维细胞在肿瘤微环境是一个异质的细胞群,和传统的标记<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1750002" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:8.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.9375 7.1750002" width="8.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>SMA和波形蛋白不能识别所有战乱国家<一个href="#B47">50</一个>]。此外,转化生长因子- (TGF -)<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.425" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:14.05px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.05 13.425" width="14.05" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.78,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>1可以诱导增殖血管内皮细胞的表型转化成纤维母细胞;这个endothelial-to-mesenchymal过渡(EndMT)发生在侵入性肿瘤在小鼠面前<一个href="#B48">51</一个>),因此,抗血管新生疗法可能会限制癌症进展,在某种程度上,通过直接影响EndMT在肿瘤血管。的分子机制和信号通路控制EndMT尚未阐明;然而,战乱国家可以直接从癌细胞通过开发epithelial-to-mesenchymal过渡(EMT) [<一个href="#B49">52</一个>),它是由FoxC2(在下一节讨论)。战乱国家还可以从居民演变成纤维细胞、平滑肌细胞、周,或从骨髓间充质干细胞通过mesenchymal-to-mesenchymal过渡(MMT),这是由tumor-cell-derived TGF -等因素<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.425" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>血小板源生长因子(PDGF)和碱性纤维母细胞生长因子(FGF) [<一个href="#B50">53</一个>];FoxC2是否参与该多频段微型收发器是未知的。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>减少肿瘤生长和血管中观察到FoxC2 + / -老鼠也与PDGF-B异常低的水平,这可能是由于其受损平滑肌细胞周围的肿瘤血管生长(<一个href="#B36">15</一个>]。PDGF在肿瘤血管生成信号的精确作用仍然是一个有争议的话题<一个href="#B51">54</一个>];然而,PDGF介导血管的成熟和稳定在正常的生长通过调节内皮细胞和壁画细胞之间的交互(例如,血管平滑肌细胞和周),采用的是松散与肿瘤内皮有关,和PDGF-B抑制与壁画的丧失细胞和肿瘤血管回归(<一个href="#B52">55</一个>]。VEGF和PDGF受体的封锁<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.425" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在肿瘤血管信号激酶抑制剂也诱导肿瘤血管回归(<一个href="#B53">56</一个>,<一个href="#B54">57</一个>],旁分泌信号之间的周和肿瘤内皮<一个href="#B55">58</一个>)可能会增加肿瘤血管的不稳定FoxC2 + / -老鼠通过减少VEGF和PDGF-B信号(<一个href="#B36">15</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="foxc2-in-cancer-cells">5。FoxC2在癌症细胞</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>肿瘤FoxC2表达式并不局限于脉管系统(表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jo/2012/204593/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>)[<一个href="#B36">15</一个>]。T-MTA-6A tissue-array (NCI / NIH)分析显示FoxC2蛋白质的定位在大多数乳腺腺癌,包括小叶和导管腺癌,约一半的结肠腺癌(<一个href="#B36">15</一个>]。FoxC2表达式也被报道在食道癌细胞(<一个href="#B56">39</一个>),和患者的生存率明显降低高水平的FoxC2表达式比低水平的患者FoxC2表达,这表明FoxC2可以作为一部小说,食道癌患者的独立预后因素(<一个href="#B56">39</一个>)(表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jo/2012/204593/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>)。高水平的患者FoxC2表达也有更高水平的MMP2和MMP9表达(<一个href="#B56">39</一个>]。</gydF4y2Bap> <p>FoxC2 EMT的重要调节器,一个关键的过程,通常是激活在肿瘤进展和转移(<一个href="#B57">59</一个>]。FoxC2表达式与高度侵略性的官腔乳腺癌显著相关,和FoxC2过度增加鼠标乳房癌的转移潜能细胞肺(<一个href="#B58">40</一个>]。EMT-inducing转录因子捻、蜗牛和Goosecoid以及TGF -<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.425" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,这也导致EMT,可以诱导FoxC2表达在上皮细胞(<一个href="#B58">40</一个>,<一个href="#B59">60</一个>],FoxC2超表达促进间充质分化,以及诱导MMP2和MMP9表达(<一个href="#B58">40</一个>]。此外,FoxC2间接的压制表达上皮钙粘蛋白标志,其损失被认为是EMT的标志(<一个href="#B57">59</一个>],直接会使p120-catenin,监管蛋白质稳定粘附在上皮细胞的粘附连接(<一个href="#B60">61年</一个>]。因此,越来越多的证据表明,EMT-inductive信号分子,如TGF -<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.425" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,刺激FoxC2表达在细胞癌与其他EMT-promoting转录因子和调节间叶细胞分化,从而导致EMT和转移(<一个href="#B57">59</一个>]。EMT也一直与癌症干细胞的起源<一个href="#B61">62年</一个>];例如,乳腺上皮细胞已被证明收购与乳腺癌干细胞相关属性,包括<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.275" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:116.0125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 116.0125 14.275" width="116.0125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.275)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.58)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> C</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3395014" y="0"> D</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.366667" y="0"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.618168" y="0"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-42.08,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> h</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 我</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> g</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.185056" y="0"> h</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-26.02,60.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> C</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.815335" y="0"> D</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.842501" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.094002" y="0"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,7.33,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> l</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.4330561" y="0"> o</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.6165118" y="0"> w</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>签名,后发生EMT表达EMT-inducing FoxC2(表等转录因子<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jo/2012/204593/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>)[<一个href="#B62">41</一个>]。值得注意的是,肿瘤细胞经历EMT获得迁徙通过ectopically表达间充质基因表型,包括FoxC2,首先在胚胎发育中的作用,肿瘤细胞可能采取许多其他发育信号通路的功能在他们祖先的前体细胞(<一个href="#B63">63年</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B65">65年</一个>]。因此,EMT可能代表一个临界点信号之间的融合模式,规范发展和肿瘤转移。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="future-perspectives">6。未来的视角</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>虽然我们才刚刚开始了解FoxC2有助于癌症发展和相关病理条件下,其新发现的肿瘤血管生成和转移作用表明FoxC2抗癌药物可能是一个有趣的目标。药物疗法很少直接目标转录因子,但结合先进的技术,如系统生物学和计算化学,可能导致发展的可行的转录方法预防癌症发展和进展,以及其他涉及病理性血管生成的条件。例如,FoxM1目前正在调查作为癌症治疗的目标(<一个href="#B66">66年</一个>),和一些化学抑制剂,包括蛋白酶体抑制剂,FoxM1已报告(<一个href="#B67">67年</一个>- - - - - -<一个href="#B71">71年</一个>),以及一个cell-penetrating肽抑制剂FoxM1函数(<一个href="#B72">72年</一个>]。的精确函数FoxC2在肿瘤微环境,包括肿瘤细胞和内皮细胞,之前必须更好地理解FoxC2-based疗法可以被认为是和的发展,因此,研究重点由FoxC2控制机制是必要的。相对小的肽的识别可以选择性地阻止FoxC2也会是一个有用的功能一步设计FoxC2-specific抑制剂。</gydF4y2Bap> <h4 id="acknowledgments">确认</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>作者由于w·凯文·梅斯纳博士、编辑支持。这项工作得到了国家卫生研究院的基金(HL074121和EY019484)的作者。</gydF4y2Bap> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="references" id="references">引用</h4gydF4y2Ba> <ol> <li id="B1">d . 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Major et al.&publication_year=2007" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></span></li> </ol> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="copyright" id="copyright">版权</h4gydF4y2Ba> <p>版权©2012 Tsutomu Kume。这是一个开放的分布式下文章<一个rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">知识共享归属许可</一个>,它允许无限制的使用、分配和复制在任何媒介,提供最初的工作是正确引用。</gydF4y2Bap> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 eyHfWh journal_article__BiblioIntegratorWidget-sc-12fk6zy-5 dbAANp article_widget biblioWrapper hide"> <hr> <h4 class="biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 kgAKHb hrTitleRef">更多相关文章</h4gydF4y2Ba> <div id="biblio_widget" class="biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 jDzBsa"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__RightWrapper-sc-1bf4078-2 jzTMLK rightWrapper" id="rightSectionMenu"> <div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyTopToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-0 gbrQxi article_sticky_top_toolbar"> <div class="sc-dxZgTM lwEtq article_top_toolbar"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-gFaPwZ hoOvRq sc-iomxrj fOYLEe pdf_desktop button__group" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/jo/2012/204593.pdf" aria-label="" target="_blank" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-fhYwyz ieulRf" title="" role="presentation" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/VaOo1aYJsJAntPTT0FUzT/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/src/icon/svg/pdf.svg" height="24"><span class="text">PDF</gydF4y2Baspan></span><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-jzgbtB bcxtxQ fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-gFaPwZ hoOvRq sc-dvCyap hTIXhE ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jo/2012/204593.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavLarge"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-fhYwyz ieulRf" title="" role="presentation" 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src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">引用</gydF4y2Baspan></span><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-jzgbtB bcxtxQ fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-1 isgRZA article_sticky_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-drKuOJ cBpQvD article_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-gRnDUn cZpOzA accordion" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__dofNav"> <span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-cHSUfg prPtb" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-cugefK gzkcXu">下载其他格式</gydF4y2Baspan><span class="sc-fnwBNb iaVowO">更多的</gydF4y2Baspan></span> <span class="sc-htoDjs bMdQcY sc-cTjmhe jIQcJs icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="11"></span> </div> <div class="sc-cmjSyW cpuiKr"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-sdtwF hnolyX open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/jo/2012/204593.epub" aria-label="ePub" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-iYUSvU jmLwpf"> ePub</gydF4y2Badiv><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-cHSUfg prPtb" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-sdtwF hnolyX open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/jo/2012/204593.xml" aria-label="XML" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-iYUSvU jmLwpf"> XML</gydF4y2Badiv><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-cHSUfg prPtb" title="" role="presentation" 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height="24"><span class="sc-cugefK gzkcXu">订单打印副本</gydF4y2Baspan><span class="sc-fnwBNb iaVowO">订单</gydF4y2Baspan></span><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-cTjmhe jIQcJs right__icon icon-colored _32KP5uexH-Bgs7Kj8Gk1Tz icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-cBdUnI blbVzE"> <div class="sc-exkUMo bzUZma"> <div> 的观点<gydF4y2Baspan>2202年</gydF4y2Baspan> </div> <div> 下载<gydF4y2Baspan>880年</gydF4y2Baspan> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sc-kcDeIU eatOFG"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1155/2012/204593" data-style="small_circle"></span>引用</gydF4y2Badiv> </div> </div> <nav class="sc-Rmtcm hZsedb sc-iNhVCk gOltjj" id="toolbar__iconNav"> <h3 class="sc-csuQGl idXHYp">分享文章</hgydF4y2Ba3> <ul class="sc-bRBYWo keayzM"> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/204593&via=Hindawi" aria-label="Sharing on Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" 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