< 0.05); the PAED and FLACC scores were lower ( < 0.05), and the incidence of ADE (10.53%) was lower than that in the control group (31.58%) ( < 0.05). However, SpO2 at different periods showed no obvious differences between the two groups ( > 0.05). In conclusion, the restoration algorithm-based ultrasound images had high quality, and they demonstrated good application value in evaluating the effect of Dex to prevent neurological disorders in patients anesthetized by sevoflurane.">
预防七氟醚麻醉恢复期神经障碍的超声图像复原算法</T我Tle>
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.expand_btn{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;margin-top:10px;min-width:55px;display:none;} @media (min-width:768px){.Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .expand_btn{display:none;}} .Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{-webkit-flex:9;-ms-flex:9;flex:9;text-align:left;padding:21px 37px 10px 0px;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;} @media (min-width:768px){.Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 18px 10px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 21px 10px 21px;}} .Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;background:url('data:image/svg+xml;base64,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') no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;padding:16px 0 16px 0;min-width:62px;max-width:62px;} @media (min-width:768px){.Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:16px 0 17px 0;min-width:52px;max-width:52px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:15px 0 17px 0;min-width:60px;max-width:60px;}} .Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;} .Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{font-size:14px;padding:0px 18px 17px 22px;} @media (min-width:768px){.Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 15px 15px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 18px 19px 21px;}} .Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text figcaption{margin:0;padding:0;} .Pwyqh .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text svg{max-width:100%;} .Pwyqh ol{font-size:16px;padding-left:32px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;line-height:24px;margin:15px 0;} .Pwyqh ol li{margin:10px 0;padding-left:10px;word-break:normal;} .Pwyqh ol li a{word-break:break-all;} .Pwyqh ol li .reflinks{display:block;} .Pwyqh ol li .reflinks a{color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .Pwyqh ol li .reflinks a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} .Pwyqh ol li .reflinks .sep{color:#000000;} .Pwyqh .table-wrapper{width:auto;overflow-x:auto;} .Pwyqh .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar{-webkit-appearance:none;width:5px;height:5px;} .Pwyqh .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:5px;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.5);} @media (min-width:768px){.Pwyqh .table-wrapper{overflow-x:auto;width:auto;-webkit-break-word:word-break;break-word:word-break;margin:0 auto;}} @media (min-width:992px){.Pwyqh .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:1324px){.Pwyqh .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:320px){.Pwyqh{margin-bottom:33px;padding:0;}} @media (min-width:992px){.Pwyqh{padding:0;margin-bottom:100px;}} @media (min-width:1325px){.Pwyqh{margin-bottom:100px;}} .Pwyqh .owl-stage{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .Pwyqh .floats-partial-middle--thumbs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .Pwyqh .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot svg{fill:#4D8A17;} .Pwyqh .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot strong{color:#4D8A17;font-weight:500;} .Pwyqh .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active strong{color:#007B8B;} .Pwyqh .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active svg{fill:#007B8B;} .Pwyqh .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot .nowrap{white-space:nowrap;} .Pwyqh .partial-carousel-dot{text-align:center;cursor:pointer;border:0;width:100px;padding-bottom:20px;background-color:#fff;display:table-cell;} .Pwyqh .partial-carousel-dot:focus-visible{outline-offset:-3px;} .Pwyqh .partial-carousel-dot strong{font-size:11px;padding-top:12px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.Pwyqh .partial-carousel-dot strong{font-size:16px;}} .Pwyqh .partial-carousel-dot img{width:90px;height:90px;border:1px solid #979797;margin:10px 0;} .Pwyqh .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle{border-top:1px solid #e3e3e3;display:block;margin-bottom:50px;padding-top:1px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.Pwyqh .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}} .Pwyqh .partial-carousel--single-image{overflow:hidden;text-align:center;} .Pwyqh 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<p class="sc-kZmsYB bkiEfx article_type">研究文章|<!-- -->开放存取</p>
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体积<!-- -->
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<a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fQejPQ duuwge" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6124346" aria-label="Doi-link">https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6124346</A.></div>
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<p>龚晨、杨金泉、秦晨、刘大民<!-- -->,<!-- -->
<!-- -->"<span class="adjust-article-svg-size">预防七氟醚麻醉恢复期神经障碍的超声图像复原算法</span>",<!-- --><i>保健工程杂志</我>,<!-- -->
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<h1 class="sc-iRbamj jZOxOO sc-iSDuPN jRddwg article_title adjust-article-svg-size heading-title">预防七氟醚麻醉恢复期神经障碍的超声图像复原算法</h1>
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<div class="sc-jrIrqw eHMFfo article_authors">
<hr class="sc-cEvuZC XkrFe hr__author">
<span class="">龚晨<A.class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1308-8107" aria-label="Redirect to Doi" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje iiusBg sc-iybRtq iQSObO" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="16"></a>,<sup>1.</sup></span>
<span class="">杨金泉<A.class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9906-2882" aria-label="Redirect to Doi" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje iiusBg sc-iybRtq iQSObO" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="16"></a>,<sup>1.</sup></span>
<span class="">秦晨<A.class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2104-9148" aria-label="Redirect to Doi" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje iiusBg sc-iybRtq iQSObO" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="16"></a>,<sup>1.</sup>
<!-- -->和</span>
<span class=""><b>刘大民</B><A.class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail Option"><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-hjRWVT irNWJI icon-colored _2zt-1j0LmaF8UjTQAM413G icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9992-2552" aria-label="Redirect to Doi" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje iiusBg sc-iybRtq iQSObO" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="16"></a><sup>1.</sup></span>
<div class="sc-fHxwqH dMuGGA isHide">
<p><sup>1.</sup><span>湖南省妇幼保健院麻醉手术科，长沙，410008，湖南</span></p>
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<span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">收到</span>
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<span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">出版</span>
<span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2021年10月1日</span>
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<h4 class="header" id="abstract">摘要</h4>
<p>本文采用右美托咪定(Dex)预防七氟醚麻醉患者神经功能障碍，基于线性系统模型的恢复算法，利用超声图像分析其效果。实验组为右美托咪定注射组，对照组为生理盐水注射组。平均动脉压(MAP)、动脉血氧饱和度(SpO)<sub>2.</sub>)在注射前（T1）和注射后5天，比较两组的心率（HR）、小儿麻醉躁动量表（PAED）评分、面部、腿部、活动、哭闹、安慰性（FLACC）评分和药物不良事件（ADE） 最小值（T2），10 分钟（T3）和20分钟 结果发现，与对照组相比，实验组在T2、T3和T4期的MAP较低，而在T5期的MAP较高，在T2、T3、T4和T5期的HR较高(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<path d="M600 480C600 590 528 650 384 650H143L137 622C222 614 225 607 210 531L130 127C113 41 106 36 23 28L17 0H294L300 28C204 36 195 42 212 127L243 284L314 263C327 263 339 263 352 264C465 271 600 337 600 480ZM508 481C508 351 402 304 329 304C289 304 265 311 250 317L295 559C302 594 310 606 323 611C335 616 350 619 367 619C455 619 508 573 508 481Z" id="g113-81"></path>
</g>
</svg><i><</我> 0.05); PAED和FLACC评分较低(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
</svg><i><</我> ADE的发生率（10.53%）低于对照组（31.58%）(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
</svg><i><</我> 0.05）。但是，SpO<sub>2.</sub>在不同时期，两组间无明显差异(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
</svg><i>></我>0.05)。综上所述，基于恢复算法的超声图像质量较高，在评价右美托咪定预防七氟醚麻醉患者神经功能障碍的效果方面具有良好的应用价值。</p>
<span class="end-abs"></span>
<h4 id="introduction">1.导言</h4>
<p>超声成像是一种基于超声脉冲反射的声学技术，它利用超声束在组织界面产生反射信号，进而获得内脏器官的图像[<A.href="#B1">1.</A.>]尽管超声成像具有实时性、安全性和非破坏性，但与CT和MRI相比，它具有低分辨率和低对比度。主要原因是组织反射率和点扩散函数（PSF）卷积和累积噪声[<A.href="#B2">2.</A.>]近年来，许多学者致力于超声图像恢复技术的研究，并取得了显著的成果。在超声图像恢复过程中，PSF的大小和形状影响着恢复的结果利茨等人[<A.href="#B3">3.</A.>]研究了反褶积在基于PSF的超声图像复原中的应用，发现PSF可以用一个基于远场近似的简单闭合解析项代替数值来计算。</p>
<p>吸入麻醉在临床上已经应用了一百年。吸入麻醉通常用于儿科手术中的麻醉诱导和维持。七氟醚是一种诱导相对稳定的麻醉药物。由于其麻醉诱导速度快，无刺激性气味，血液分布系数低目前，七氟醚已广泛应用于临床[<A.href="#B4">4.</A.>,<A.href="#B5">5.</A.>]相关研究表明，七氟醚紧急搅动的发生率高达20%-80%。恢复期紧急搅动可能导致出血、气管导管移位、脱垂等情况，因此非常重要[<A.href="#B6">6.</A.>,<A.href="#B7">7.</A.>]临床研究证明，异丙酚、胺类片剂等不能明显减轻儿童的紧急躁动[<A.href="#B8">8.</A.>,<A.href="#B9">9</A.>].Dex，作为一个高度选择性的<我>α</我><sub>2.</sub>受体激动剂，广泛用于镇静、镇痛和抗焦虑。它可以作用于<我>α</我><sub>2.</sub>受体抑制去甲肾上腺素的释放，从而实现镇静、镇痛和抗焦虑[<A.href="#B10">10</A.>]。有关研究显示： <我>μ</我>g/kg地塞米松能降低小儿急症躁动的发生率，维持小儿良好的血流动力学[<A.href="#B11">11</A.>]。</p>
<p>综上所述，为了获得高质量的超声图像，更好地辅助医生，需要通过超声图像恢复技术对原始超声图像进行改进。本研究采用超声图像线性模型和Field II超声仿真平台的工作原理进行分析。然后，采用Field II方法估计PSF。最后，采用反褶积恢复方法对超声图像进行恢复。七氟醚对患儿呼吸功能有抑制作用，而右美托咪定药物不仅能减轻患儿疼痛和应激反应，而且对患儿呼吸功能无明显抑制作用。因此，在超声图像恢复的基础上，研究Dex预防儿童七氟醚紧急搅动的效果。</p>
<h4 id="materials-and-methods">2.材料和方法</h4>
<h5 id="sec2.1">2.1.研究样本的选择</h5>
<p>在本研究中，选择76名接受扁桃体切除术的儿童作为研究对象，他们于2018年2月至2019年1月住院。他们年龄在3至10岁之间，分为对照组（38例）和实验组（38例）在随机对照组中，有25名男性和13名女性，平均年龄为（6.13岁） ± 实验组男性23人，女性15人，平均年龄6.35岁 ± 2.89）年。该研究已获得医院医学伦理委员会的批准，患者及其家属已被告知并签署同意书。</p>
<p>入选标准如下:(i)年龄大于2岁的患者;(ii) ASA分为I型和ii型的患者;(iii)没有接受外科治疗的病人;(iv)小于11岁的患者;(v)检查正常，意识清醒者。</p>
<p>排除标准如下：（i）精神病患者；（ii）肝肾功能不全患者；（iii）对镇静药物过敏的患者；（iv）临床资料不完整的患者；（v）因自身原因退出实验的患者。</p>
<h5 id="sec2.2">2.2.超声图像恢复算法</h5>
<p>PSF和组织反射率卷积和积累噪声。超声图像的恢复过程可用线性系统模型描述。超声图像恢复可表示为：<span class="equation_break" id="EEq1"><span class="left_break" id="L5"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M5">
<svg height="14.5707pt" id="M5-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 151.685 14.5707" width="151.685pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="B5-1">
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</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.08,10.593)">
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<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.1,10.593)">
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</g>
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<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,146.68,10.593)">
<use xlink:href="#g119-6"></use>
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</svg>
<svg height="14.5707pt" id="M5-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 57.364 14.5707" width="57.364pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg></span></span><span class="right_break" id="R5">
<svg class="label" height="11.44pt" id="M5-3" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.398 11.44" width="13.398pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.9,9.26)">
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</g>
</g>
</svg></span></span>哪里<我>x</我>和<我>Y</我>分别表示水平坐标和垂直坐标，<svg height="6.01072pt" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-0.04980993pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 7.75925 6.01072" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-43"></use>
</g>
</svg>表示离散二维线性卷积算子，<我>G</我>(<我>x</我>,<我>Y</我>)表示接收到的超声波射频（RF）数据，<我>K</我>(<我>x</我>,<我>Y</我>)是一个二维点扩散函数，<我>P</我>(<我>x</我>,<我>Y</我>)是组织反射率图像，并且<我>U</我>(<我>x</我>,<我>Y</我>)表示加性噪声，并假定为白噪声。图形<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig1/" target="_blank">1.</A.>显示了超声成像的经典线性模型。超声图像的恢复过程是从<我>G</我>(<我>x</我>,<我>Y</我>)到<我>P</我>(<我>x</我>,<我>Y</我>).</p>
<div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig1">
<div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig1">
<div class="partial-carousel--single-image">
<img alt="" name="6124346.fig.001" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jhe/volume-2021/6124346/figures/6124346.fig.001.svgz">
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<strong></strong>
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<div class="floats-partial-footer">
<div class="floats-partial-caption">
<span class="caption-text">图1</span>
<a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
</div>
<div class="floats-partial-caption-text">
超声成像的线性模型。</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>PSF估计是超声图像复原的关键步骤。在本研究中，基于Field II超声仿真平台，采用Field II方法研究二维PSF。假设PSF在横向上是恒定的，在轴向上是可变的。因此，接收到的射频回波数据a可以轴向分割，每个段对应的PSF可以用Field II方法估计，然后每个段进行反卷积恢复，将反卷积恢复后的所有段放在一起形成最终图像，采用无约束逆滤波反卷积恢复方法。</p>
<p>之后，对方程的两侧进行傅里叶变换(<A.href="#EEq1">1.</A.>)，得到以下方程式：<span class="equation_break" id="EEq2"><span class="left_break" id="L7"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M7">
<svg height="13.9183pt" id="M7-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 130.998 13.9183" width="130.998pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.54,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-86"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.17,9.471)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,26.69,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,33.27,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.41,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.51,9.471)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,51.26,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span></span><span class="right_break" id="R7">
<svg class="label" height="11.44pt" id="M7-3" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.038 11.44" width="15.038pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="B7-3">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,9.25)">
<use xlink:href="#g190-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.5,9.25)">
<path d="M411 139C381 76 368 73 314 73H129L267 224C351 317 400 380 400 469C400 574 322 635 233 635C176 635 128 610 98 576L40 495L63 476C89 515 130 568 198 568C274 568 316 519 316 436C316 347 251 264 191 192C142 134 85 76 30 21V0H403C415 45 425 89 438 131L411 139Z" id="g190-243"></path>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.54,9.25)">
<use xlink:href="#g190-42"></use>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span></span>哪里<我>G</我>(<我>A.</我>,<我>B</我>),<我>P</我>(<我>A.</我>,<我>B</我>),<我>U</我>(<我>A.</我>,<我>B</我>)，及<我>K</我>(<我>A.</我>,<我>B</我>)是观察图像的傅里叶变换<我>G（x）</我>,<我>Y)</我>组织反射率图像<我>P</我>(<我>x</我>,<我>Y</我>),噪音<我>U</我>(<我>x</我>,<我>Y</我>)，以及点扩散函数<我>K</我>(<我>x</我>,<我>Y</我>).根据方程式(<A.href="#EEq2">2.</A.>)，得到组织反射率图像在频域的方程：<span class="equation_break" id="EEq3"><span class="left_break" id="L8"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M8">
<svg height="29.4724pt" id="M8-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 151.074 29.4724" width="151.074pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="B8-1">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,17.796)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.21,17.979)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.72,17.796)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.3,17.796)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,26.44,17.796)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.55,17.979)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,40.74,17.796)">
<use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,53.67,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-72"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,64.74,9.471)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,69.25,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,75.83,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,80.98,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,87.08,9.471)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
<rect height="0.65243" width="38.9374" x="53.2" y="14.142"></rect>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,53.2,27.022)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-76"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,65.2,27.204)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,69.71,27.022)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,76.29,27.022)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,81.44,27.022)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,87.54,27.204)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,96.24,17.796)">
<path d="M535 230V280H52V230H535Z" id="g117-33"></path>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,108.16,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-86"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,119.79,9.471)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,124.3,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,130.88,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,136.03,9.288)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,142.13,9.471)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
<rect height="0.65243" width="38.9374" x="107.97" y="14.142"></rect>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,107.97,27.022)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-76"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,119.97,27.204)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,124.48,27.022)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,131.06,27.022)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,136.21,27.022)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,142.31,27.204)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,148.11,17.796)">
<path d="M113 -12C146 -12 170 11 170 46C170 78 146 103 114 103S58 78 58 46C58 11 82 -12 113 -12Z" id="g113-47"></path>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span></span><span class="right_break" id="R8">
<svg class="label" height="11.44pt" id="M8-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.868 11.44" width="14.868pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="B8-2">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,9.25)">
<use xlink:href="#g190-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.5,9.25)">
<path d="M269 381C298 400 325 421 340 436C360 455 370 476 370 504C370 579 313 635 223 635H222C170 635 123 610 95 579L52 516L72 497C95 533 136 577 193 577C245 577 286 546 286 482C286 408 218 369 127 339L133 314C149 319 174 325 197 325C254 325 324 285 324 192C325 83 266 39 201 39C143 39 103 68 78 91C70 98 62 97 54 91C45 84 33 71 32 58C30 46 34 35 48 22C61 10 102 -12 148 -12C216 -12 410 57 410 225C410 298 357 362 269 379V381Z" id="g190-232"></path>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.37,9.25)">
<use xlink:href="#g190-42"></use>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span></span></p>
<p>当没有噪音时，方程(<A.href="#EEq3">3.</A.>)可以表示为：<span class="equation_break" id="EEq4"><span class="left_break" id="L9"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M9">
<svg height="28.5329pt" id="M9-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 136.454 28.5329" width="136.454pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="B9-1">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,16.857)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.2,17.039)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.72,16.857)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.3,16.857)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,26.44,16.857)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.54,17.039)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,40.74,16.857)">
<use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,52,16.857)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-72"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,63.07,17.039)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,67.59,16.857)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,74.17,16.857)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,79.31,16.857)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,85.41,17.039)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,109.69,8.349)">
<path d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z" id="g113-50"></path>
</g>
<rect height="0.65243" width="38.9374" x="93.35" y="13.203"></rect>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,93.35,26.082)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-76"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,105.35,26.265)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,109.87,26.082)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,116.45,26.082)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,121.59,26.082)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,127.69,26.265)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,133.49,16.857)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span></span><span class="right_break" id="R9">
<svg class="label" height="11.44pt" id="M9-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.458 11.44" width="15.458pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="B9-2">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,9.25)">
<use xlink:href="#g190-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.5,9.25)">
<path d="M465 179V225H369V632H330C227 497 124 346 29 205V179H289V107C289 37 284 33 198 26V0H454V26C374 33 369 37 369 107V179H465ZM289 225H92C156 335 222 430 287 520H289V225Z" id="g190-166"></path>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.96,9.25)">
<use xlink:href="#g190-42"></use>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span></span>这样，组织反射率图像的估计<我>P</我>(<我>x</我>,<我>Y</我>)可以通过对<我>P</我>(<我>A.</我>,<我>B</我>).这个<span class="inline_break">
<svg height="11.5564pt" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-2.26807pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 11.596 11.5564" width="11.596pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-50"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.24,0)">
<path d="M368 703H309L44 -163H104L368 703Z" id="g113-48"></path>
</g>
</svg><span class="isep"></span>
<svg height="11.5564pt" style="vertical-align:-2.26807pt" version="1.1" viewbox="11.5511838 -9.28833 23.859 11.5564" width="23.859pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.601,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-76"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.418,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.916,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.496,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
</svg><span class="ipunc"></span>
<svg height="11.5564pt" style="vertical-align:-2.26807pt" version="1.1" viewbox="37.5901838 -9.28833 10.857 11.5564" width="10.857pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,37.64,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,43.741,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
</svg></span>在方程(<A.href="#EEq4">4.</A.>)可以被认为是一个过滤器，并且<span class="inline_break">
<svg height="11.5564pt" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-2.26807pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 11.596 11.5564" width="11.596pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-50"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.24,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-48"></use>
</g>
</svg><span class="isep"></span>
<svg height="11.5564pt" style="vertical-align:-2.26807pt" version="1.1" viewbox="11.5511838 -9.28833 23.859 11.5564" width="23.859pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.601,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-76"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.418,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.916,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.496,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
</svg><span class="ipunc"></span>
<svg height="11.5564pt" style="vertical-align:-2.26807pt" version="1.1" viewbox="37.5901838 -9.28833 10.857 11.5564" width="10.857pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,37.64,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,43.741,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
</svg></span>与成像系统正好相反<我>K</我>(<我>A.</我>,<我>B</我>)因此，该过程称为逆滤波恢复方法。通过对方程进行逆傅里叶变换，得到以下方程(<A.href="#EEq4">4.</A.>):<span class="equation_break" id="EEq5"><span class="left_break" id="L12"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M12">
<svg height="29.8378pt" id="M12-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 121.975 29.8378" width="121.975pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="B12-1">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.2,18.162)">
<use xlink:href="#g119-5"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,15.22,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-121"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.49,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,27.63,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-122"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,35.16,18.162)">
<use xlink:href="#g119-6"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,43.88,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,55.15,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,63.17,11.898)">
<path d="M556 236V289H56V236H556Z" id="g54-33"></path>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,68.73,11.898)">
<path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z" id="g50-50"></path>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,75.88,18.403)">
<path d="M290 -163V-135C183 -126 181 -122 181 -44V583C181 662 184 666 290 675V703H120V-163H290Z" id="g113-92"></path>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,80.38,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,90.59,18.344)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,95.1,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,101.68,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,106.82,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,112.93,18.344)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,117.49,18.403)">
<path d="M226 -163V703H56V676C162 667 165 662 165 584V-43C165 -122 162 -126 56 -136V-163H226Z" id="g113-94"></path>
</g>
</g>
</svg>
<svg height="29.8378pt" id="M12-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 132.514 29.8378" width="132.514pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="B12-2">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.26,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,19.29,11.898)">
<use xlink:href="#g54-33"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,24.85,11.898)">
<use xlink:href="#g50-50"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32,18.162)">
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</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.93,18.161)">
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</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,50,18.344)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-41"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,54.51,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-98"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,61.09,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-45"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,66.23,18.161)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-99"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,72.34,18.344)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-42"></use>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,96.61,9.654)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-50"></use>
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<h5 id="sec2.3">2.3. PSF估计方法的比较</h5>
<p>由于PSF的估计是超声图像复原的关键步骤，在本研究中，采用复倒谱法[<A.href="#B12">12</A.>]广义同态滤波方法[<A.href="#B13">13</A.>]介绍了两种方法进行比较。选择5、10和20三个片段进行比较。本研究以Field II估算方法为参考。利用广义同态滤波法和复倒谱法对PSF产生的误差进行了估计。均方误差（MSE）用于测量，公式如下。<span class="equation_break" id="EEq6"><span class="left_break" id="L13"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M13">
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<p>同理(<A.href="#EEq6">6.</A.>),<我>T</我><sub><i>R</我></sub>表示实际PSF，<我>T</我><sub><i>我</我></sub>是PSF的估计值<我>我</我>,<我>M</我>表示估计的总次数，以及<我>F</我>表示Frobenius矩阵的范数。</p>
<p>由广义同态滤波法和复倒谱法估计的PSF产生的均方误差可由方程计算(<A.href="#EEq6">6.</A.>).</p>
<h5 id="sec2.4">2.4.麻醉方法</h5>
<p>所有患者术前禁食4小时，禁止饮酒2小时，未服用任何药物。手术前应留置静脉套管针，并准备好吸氧装置、急救药品和设备。在手术室检查患者的血压、血氧等。两组患者均按照标准使用七氟醚（中国上海恒瑞制药有限公司）治疗。患者失去意识后，建立静脉通道，静脉注射0.1 维库溴铵mg/kg（中国江苏恩华制药有限公司）和2 <我>μ</我>g/kg芬太尼（国药集团工业有限公司，中国），然后进行气管插管，并使用麻醉机（德国Drager Fabius）机械控制呼吸。实验组患者给予1 <我>μ</我>g/kg.h地塞米松（江苏恒瑞药业有限公司，中国）持续静脉泵注，对照组给予等量生理盐水，术后停止七氟醚吸入和地塞米松泵注。</p>
<h5 id="sec2.5">2.5.观察指标</h5>
<p>地图，斯波<sub>2.</sub>两组患者在注射前（T1），注射后5天用Philips VE24（美国）检测心率 最小值（T2），10 分钟（T3）和20分钟 注射后min（T4），患者苏醒时（T5）.停药后，将患儿送往复苏室，10分钟后苏醒。护理人员采用单盲法对患儿的PAED和FLACC评分进行评估。PAED评分标准为：无躁动评分低于5分；轻度躁动评分为5-10分；重度躁动评分为5-10分ess得分为10-15分。FLACC是一种用于评估无法确认疼痛/量化疼痛程度的婴儿和儿童疼痛程度的量表。它考虑了表情、腿部运动、身体姿势、哭泣和舒适度。最低分为0，表示没有疼痛。轻度疼痛得分为1-4分，明显疼痛得分为5分–8分，重度疼痛评分9–10分。记录ADE的发生率及其术后发生率。</p>
<h5 id="sec2.6">2.6.统计方法</h5>
<p>采用SPSS19.0统计软件对数据进行处理 ± 标准差(‾<我>x</我> ± <我>s</我>)说明了如何计算测量数据，计数数据表示为百分比.MPA，SpO<sub>2.</sub>两组患者在麻醉期间的心率和PAED评分由配对研究人员进行比较<我>T</我>-测试。组间比较采用方差分析。与对照组相比，差异有统计学意义<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
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</g>
</svg><i><</我> 0.05.</p>
<h4 id="results">3.结果</h4>
<h5 id="sec3.1">3.1.基础数据的描述性统计</h5>
<p>统计两组患儿的基本情况，如性别、年龄、体重、麻醉时间、手术时间等，发现基本情况无明显差异(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</g>
</svg><i>></我>0.05)(表<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/tab1/" target="_blank">1.</A.>).</p>
<div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab1">
<div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab1">
<table class="table-group" id="tab1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<table class="table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="thead-hr" colspan="6">
<hr></td>
</tr>
<tr class="thead">
<td class="align_left"></td>
<td class="align_center">男孩（人）</Td>
<td class="align_center">平均年龄（年）</Td>
<td class="align_center">重量（千克）</Td>
<td class="align_center">麻醉时间(分钟)</Td>
<td class="align_center">运行时间（分钟）</Td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="thead-hr" colspan="6">
<hr></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="align_left">对照组</Td>
<td class="align_center">25</Td>
<td class="align_center">6.13 ± 2.78</Td>
<td class="align_center">23.35 ± 4.23</Td>
<td class="align_center">54.76 ± 6.13</Td>
<td class="align_center">45.69 ± 7.36</Td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="align_left">实验组</Td>
<td class="align_center">23</Td>
<td class="align_center">6.35 ± 2.89</Td>
<td class="align_center">24.13 ± 3.52</Td>
<td class="align_center">55.21 ± 7.39</Td>
<td class="align_center">46.37 ± 8.12</Td>
</tr>
<tr class="table-tr">
<td colspan="6">
<hr class="tbody-hr"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="floats-partial-footer">
<div class="floats-partial-caption">
<span class="caption-text">表1</span>
<a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/tab1/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
</div>
<div class="floats-partial-caption-text">
基本条件的差异。</div>
</div>
</div>
<h5 id="sec3.2">3.2.估算PSF方法的比较</h5>
<p>如图所示<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig2/" target="_blank">2.</A.>，复倒谱法估计的5、10、20段的mse分别为0.178、0.301、0.437，广义同态滤波法估计的mse分别为0.136、0.154、0.141。以Field II方法估计的PSF为参考，比较广义同态滤波方法和复倒谱方法PSF生成的mse。广义同态滤波方法估计的PSF产生的MSE明显低于复倒谱方法估计的MSE (<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
</svg><i><</我> 0.05），表明广义同态滤波方法得到的PSF比复倒谱方法得到的PSF更接近Field II方法估计的PSF。</p>
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比较两种方法估计的均方误差。<svg height="10.1524pt" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.04990005pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.1025 6.17869 10.1524" width="6.17869pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg>与复倒谱法相比差异显著(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<p>由于Field II方法估算的PSF更接近实际PSF，因此本研究选择它来估算PSF。然后，采用无约束逆滤波反褶积恢复超声图像。如图所示<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig3/" target="_blank">3.</A.>大脑中动脉、颈内动脉末段、大脑前动脉和大脑后动脉在大脑半球上清晰可见。</p>
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脑血管超声图像。图为一名11岁女孩的脑血管彩色多普勒超声。</div>
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<h5 id="sec3.3">3.3.MAP和HR的比较</h5>
<p>如图所示<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig4/" target="_blank">4.</A.>对照组在T1、T2、T3、T4和T5期的MAP值为70.53 ± 9.32, 76.13 ± 8.67, 77.79 ± 8.53, 78.67 ± 8.47和79.91 ± 分别为8.65（毫米/汞柱）；实验组为71.03 ± 8.26, 73.23 ± 7.73, 72.53 ± 8.37, 74.20 ± 8.19和86.83 ± 分别为9.87（毫米/汞柱）。两组在T1时MAP无明显差异(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
</svg><i>></我> 0.05），而与对照组相比，实验组在T2、T3和T4期的MAP值明显较低，但在T5期的MAP值明显较高(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
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</svg><i><</我>0.05)。</p>
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地图的比较。</div>
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<p>∗ 表明与对照组相比差异显著(<我>P</我><0.05)(图中同义<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig5/" target="_blank">5.</A.>–<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig8/" target="_blank">8.</A.>).</p>
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人力资源比较。</div>
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PAED成绩比较。</div>
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FLACC的比较。</div>
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ADE发生率的比较。</div>
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<p>对照组T1、T2、T3、T4、T5周期HRs分别为103.23±17.35、95.33±16.68、93.65±17.47、92.16±16.91、106.74±17.18(次/min);实验组分别为102.35±18.58、100.23±17.85、101.54±18.12、99.69±18.24、126.86±17.93(次/min)。如图所示<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig5/" target="_blank">5.</A.>， T1时两组HR无明显差异(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
</svg><i>></我> 0.05），而实验组在T2、T3、T4和T5期的HRs明显较高(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
</svg><i><</我>0.05)。</p>
<h5 id="sec3.4">3.4.SpO的比较<sub>2.</sub></h5>
<p>如图所示<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig9/" target="_blank">9</A.>，SpO<sub>2.</sub>对照组在T1、T2、T3、T4和T5期的发病率为99.31% ± 0.62, 98.23 ± 0.69, 98.67 ± 0.59, 99.30 ± 0.71和98.89 ± 分别为1.02%，实验组为99.47% ± 0.45, 99.25 ± 0.37, 98.69 ± 0.51, 98.58 ± 1.16和99.57 ± 分别为0.34（%），如图所示<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig9/" target="_blank">9</A.>SpO无明显差异<sub>2.</sub>两组之间在T1、T2、T3、T4和T5期(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
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</svg><i>></我>0.05)。</p>
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SpO的比较<sub>2.</sub>.</div>
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<h5 id="sec3.5">3.5.PAED和FLACC的比较</h5>
<p>如图所示<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig6/" target="_blank">6.</A.>对照组在T1、T2、T3、T4和T5期的PAED评分为12.73 ± 4.67, 8.74 ± 4.28, 7.31 ± 3.91, 5.68 ± 4.12和3.95 ± 分别为4.29分钟；实验组为13.16分钟 ± 5.17, 5.02 ± 3.67, 4.56 ± 4.17, 3.98 ± 4.65和3.59 ± 两组在T1和T5时的PAED评分无明显差异(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
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</svg><i>></我> 0.05); 而实验组在T2、T3、T4期的PAED评分明显低于对照组(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
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</svg><i><</我>0.05)。</p>
<p>如图所示<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig7/" target="_blank">7.</A.>对照组在T1、T2、T3、T4和T5期的FLACC评分为5.74 ± 2.13, 4.98 ± 2.08, 4.11 ± 1.79, 3.78 ± 2.25和2.98 ± 分别为1.85分；实验组为5.81 ± 1.97, 3.92 ± 2.35, 3.06 ± 1.37, 2.51 ± 1.69和2.05 ± 分别为1.49（分钟）。如图所示<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig7/" target="_blank">7.</A.>两组在T1期的FLACC评分无明显差异(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
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</svg><i>></我> 然而，实验组在T2、T3、T4和T5期的FLACC评分明显较低(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
</svg><i><</我>0.05)。</p>
<h5 id="sec3.6">3.6.ADE发病率的比较</h5>
<p>如图所示<A.href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jhe/2021/6124346/fig8/" target="_blank">8.</A.>对照组术后咳嗽8例，呕吐4例，ADE共12例，发生率为31.58%，实验组术后咳嗽3例，呕吐1例，ADE 4例，发生率为10.53%，明显优于对照组实验组ADE的发生率明显低于对照组(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
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</svg><i><</我>0.05)。</p>
<h4 id="discussion">4.讨论</h4>
<p>目前，超声成像技术被广泛应用于医学诊断和检测，已成为最常用的方法[<A.href="#B14">14</A.>]然而，超声成像具有低分辨率和低对比度的特点。在超声图像的恢复中，需要PSF来评估图像的质量。使用Field II方法估计PSF可以得到更精确的PSF[<A.href="#B15">15</A.>]为了提高图像的清晰度，七氟醚是一种新型的麻醉诱导药物，由于其可控性强、肝肾毒性低，被广泛应用于小儿外科麻醉[<A.href="#B16">16</A.>]然而，一些研究发现，儿童在七氟醚麻醉后容易出现躁动。Dex是一种高度选择性的药物<我>α</我><sub>2.</sub>受体激动剂。主要用于复合麻醉、ICU镇静、术前用药、影像辅助检查、术后预防躁动等。<A.href="#B17">17</A.>]Dex在小儿麻醉中的应用尚未得到充分证实，仍处于理论水平。</p>
<p>本研究采用Field II方法估计PSF，采用去卷积恢复方法恢复超声图像。然后，研究Dex对预防儿童七氟醚紧急躁动的效果。结果发现，Field II方法估计的PSF更接近真实PSF。此外，PSF obt广义同态滤波方法得到的PSF比复倒谱方法得到的PSF更接近Field II方法估计的PSF，这与Jemec等人的研究结果一致[<A.href="#B18">18</A.>]。采用反褶积算法获得高分辨率超声图像。地图，斯波<sub>2.</sub>检测两组在不同时间段的心率、PAED和FLACC评分，两组在T1期的MAP无明显差异(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
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</svg><i>></我> 0.05），而实验组在T2、T3和T4期的MAP较低，而在T5期的MAP较高(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
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</svg><i><</我>0.05)。实验组HRs为102.35 ± 18.58, 100.23 ± 17.85, 101.54 ± 18.12, 99.69 ± 18.24和126.86 ± 在T2、T3、T4和T5期，分别为17.93次/分钟和高于对照组(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
</svg><i><</我> SpO无明显差异<sub>2.</sub>在不同的时间段，两组之间(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
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</svg><i>></我>0.05)。在T2、T3和T4期，实验组的PAED和FLACC评分显著低于对照组(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
</svg><i><</我> 实验组ADE的发生率明显低于对照组(<svg height="8.68572pt" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572" width="8.15071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">
<use xlink:href="#g113-81"></use>
</g>
</svg><i><</我>0.05)。这与Di等人的结果相似[<A.href="#B19">19</A.>]提示地塞米松能降低儿童急躁和ADE的发生率。另外，对两组患者在不同时间点的血流动力学指标进行分析，结果表明，患者在术中能维持良好的血流动力学水平。</p>
<h4 id="conclusion">5.结论</h4>
<p>本研究采用超声图像线性模型和Field II超声仿真平台的工作原理进行分析。采用反褶积恢复方法对超声图像进行恢复，获得更高质量的图像。在超声图像恢复的基础上，探讨右美托咪定对预防儿童七氟醚急诊躁动的作用。结果表明，地塞米松能有效地减少急诊躁动和术后不良条件的发生。但是样本量小，可能会导致结果的偏差。在后续研究中，将增加患者数量，进一步探讨右美托咪定预防儿童七氟醚急诊躁动的效果。综上所述，为研究超声图像恢复算法和Dex预防七氟醚麻醉患者神经功能障碍提供了理论依据[<A.href="#B20">20</A.>]。</p>
<h4 id="data-availability">数据可用性</h4>
<p>用于支持本研究结果的数据可根据要求从相应作者处获得。</p>
<h4 id="conflicts-of-interest">利益冲突</h4>
<p>作者声明没有利益冲突。</p>
</div>
<div class="xml-content">
<h4 class="references" id="references">工具书类</h4>
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</ol>
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<h4 class="copyright" id="copyright">版权</h4>
<p>版权所有©2021 Gong Chen等人。这是一篇根据<A.Rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">知识共享署名许可协议</A.>，允许在任何媒介中不受限制地使用、分发和复制，前提是原作被正确引用。</p>
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<span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1155/2021/6124346" data-style="small_circle"></span>引证</div>
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<h3 class="sc-Rmtcm hNPrIr">共享职位</h3>
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