-) jitter 215.2 ps at 286 MHz/1.8 V.">
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<h1 class="articleHeader__title">一个插值Flying-Adder-Based频率合成器</h1><d我vcl一个年代年代="articleHeader__authors">
<span class="articleHeader__authors_author"><strong>Pao-Lung陈</年代trong><一个href="//www.newsama.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" aria-label="Mail Option"><span role="img" class="anticon">
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<strong>学术编辑器:</年代trong><年代p一个n>Jae-Yoon Sim</年代p一个n></d我v><d我vclass="articleHeader__timeline">
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<strong>收到了</年代trong><年代p一个n>08年6月2011年</年代p一个n></d我v><d我vclass="articleHeader__timeline_item ">
<strong>修改后的</年代trong><年代p一个n>2011年8月25日</年代p一个n></d我v><d我vclass="articleHeader__timeline_item ">
<strong>接受</年代trong><年代p一个n>2011年8月25日</年代p一个n></d我v><d我vclass="articleHeader__timeline_item articleHeader__timeline_item_sticky">
<strong>发表</年代trong><年代p一个n>2011年11月15日</年代p一个n></d我v></d我v>
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<h4 class="header" id="abstract">文摘</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba这项工作提供了一个插值flying-adder——基于(FA)的频率合成器。插值FA的架构,它使用一个插值多路复用器(MUX)代替传统的多路复用器加法器飞行,提高了cycle-to-cycle抖动和均方根(RMS)抖动性能。一个多相全数字锁相环(ADPLL)提供了稳定的参考信号插值加法器飞行。本文揭示了实现多相ADPLL技能,以及一个插值加法器飞行。此外,分析抖动性能的详细信息。提出的测试芯片插入FA-based频率合成器是组装在一个标准的0.18<我>μ</gydF4y2Ba我>米CMOS技术,核心区域是0.143毫米<年代up>2</gydF4y2Ba年代up>。输出频率有33 MHz ~ 286 MHz范围在1.8 V峰(<年代vghe我ght="14.3625" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:15.9625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.9625 14.3625" width="15.9625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</svg>- - - - - -<年代vghe我ght="14.3625" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:15.9625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.9625 14.3625" width="15.9625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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<g transform="translate(72,-60.51)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
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</t年代p一个n></text>
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</svg>在286 MHz)抖动215.2 ps / 1.8 V。</p><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="end-abs"></span>
<h4 id="introduction">1。介绍</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba许多系统的频率合成器是一个关键的组件来生成所需的频率在数字通信或变频系统芯片(SoC)信号同步(<一个href="#B1">1</一个>]。传统的方法在<一个href="#B2">2</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<gydF4y2Ba一个href="#B4">4</一个>)利用锁相环(PLL)来生成不同的高频与低频输出石英钟通过设置频率控制字,广泛用于工业。在频率合成锁相环提供灵活,循环参数,如阻尼因子和环路带宽,必须调整以减少抖动,并确保每个输出频率和频率控制字是稳定的。环路带宽应该大约1/20的参考频率。降低成本和提高循环稳定性,全数字锁相环(ADPLL) (<一个href="#B5">5</一个>)使用一个数字环路滤波器seven-cycle锁定时间。然而,输出频率范围小于100 MHz。与fractional-N合成技术(<一个href="#B6">6</一个>),可以实现更好的频率控制。但系统通常有一个窄的带宽,严格控制回路参数。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba直接数字合成(DDS) (<一个href="#B7">7</一个>使用内存和逻辑来产生所需的输出频率。它通常由相位累加器,一个ROM查找表和一个线性数模转换器(DAC)。DAC的性能是该技术的瓶颈。近年来,flying-adder频率合成提供了一种新方法的产生频率芯片(<一个href="#B8">8</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<gydF4y2Ba一个href="#B16">16</一个>]。flying-adder-based频率合成器解决问题,不能轻易地处理传统PLL-based或DDS-based频率合成器。flying-adder频率合成器也称为一段直接数字合成器(DDPS) (<一个href="#B17">17</一个>]。flying-adder-based频率合成器被应用于许多商用芯片等三重DAC图形数字化仪,数字说话,液晶显示器,高清电视芯片,NTSC视频解码器(<一个href="#B11">11</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<gydF4y2Ba一个href="#B13">13</一个>]。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba一个飞行加法器的基本结构如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>。的结构包括一个N等距的阶段,一个多路复用器(MUX), D触发器(DFF),和一个<年代vghe我ght="7.1374998" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</svg>位累加器。的<年代vghe我ght="7.1374998" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</svg>位累加器是由一个组成的<年代vghe我ght="7.1374998" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</svg>位寄存器。的<年代vghe我ght="7.1374998" id="M7" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)">
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</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>位寄存器分为整数(Int)和部分(部分)部分。频率控制字(频率)输入加法器飞行。小数部分的部分用于积累。输入信号的多路复用器选择一个从N等距的阶段根据Int值。多路复用器的输出信号触发一个D触发器。D触发器的功能类似于一个分频器2电路。与此同时,<年代vghe我ght="7.1374998" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-66.29)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>位注册MUX地址更新。让我们假设频率是一个10位的频率控制字与5位Int和5位部分,分别。时间分辨率的32个等距的阶段与“Δ”0.2 ns。如果一个769 MHz (1.3 ns)信号所需的输出,那么频率(9:0)可以计算如下:<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="equation" id="EEq1">
<svg height="16.5375" id="M9" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 16.5375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.5375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-58.77)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.87,63.2)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.040001" y="0.039999999">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.040001" y="0.039999999">
]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9516678" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">
问</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.200001" y="0">
9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.914829" y="0">
∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.779697" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.980003" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.331528" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.358688" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.710213" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.961716" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.08746" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="110.42696" y="0">
n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="116.67847" y="0">
年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="125.01797" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="137.05835" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="143.30986" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="146.43561" y="0">
3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="154.7626" y="0">
n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="161.0141" y="0">
年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="165.87778" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="350.25" y="0.63">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="354.41351" y="0.63">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="360.66501" y="0.63">
)</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span>频率(9:0)= 3.25 =<年代vghe我ght="14.7125" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:88.275002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 88.275002 14.7125" width="88.275002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.23)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.503" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.754499" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.006001" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.2575" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.383251" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.63475" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.88625" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.137749" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.389252" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-6.31,60.37)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
b</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>。见这个数值的例子中,特定时间的时钟周期在0.2 ns(即。,Δ)longerthan a normal cycle whenever the value of fractional part is propagated to the integer part. This is called the cycle prolong in a flying-adder frequency synthesizer.</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<span class="caption-text">图1</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>框图的常规飞行加法器(<一个href="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jece/volume-2011/871385/figures/871385/">8</一个>]。</td></tr></tbody>
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<p>解释清楚的周期延长flying-adder-based频率合成器的<一个href="#B8">8</一个>),我们假设<年代vghe我ght="13.6375" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-2.21956pt;width:178.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 178.5 13.6375" width="178.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-61.09)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9516678" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">
问</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.420998" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.461388" y="0">
我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.624886" y="0">
n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.876389" y="0">
t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.303886" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.644112" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.595779" y="0">
r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.734268" y="0">
一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="96.285606" y="0">
c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.83694" y="0">
t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.7761" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="120.80399" y="0">
3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="127.05549" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="130.18123" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.43274" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>在(<一个href="#EEq1">1</一个>)。Int部分等于3,小数部分是0.25。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba图的数值运算<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>′年代加法器飞行如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>。让我们假设阶段解决N是Δ等距的信号。每当有前沿的MUX输出,累加器中的值与频率累积。蓄电池的值是3.25,6.5,9.75,和13所示。部分部分的值是0.25,0.5,0.75,0。生成的触发间隔3Δ3Δ,3Δ,4Δ。触发间隔3Δ和4Δ1Δ是因为积累部分传播到Int。因此,cycle-to-cycle抖动时1Δ周期延长,显示在[<一个href="#B8">8</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href="#B11">11</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href="#B14">14</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href="#B15">15</一个>]。穷人cycle-to-cycle抖动降低输出时钟的性能。文献[<一个href="#B11">11</一个>]解决了长期循环使用post分配器。然而,生成的频率分裂。我们提出一个插值flying-adder结构减少抖动造成的周期延长。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<span class="caption-text">图2</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig2/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>数值运算的<一个href="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jece/volume-2011/871385/figures/871385/">8</一个>]加法器飞行。</td></tr></tbody>
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<p>本文的其余部分安排如下:部分<一个href="#sec2">2</一个>描述了该插值加法器飞行。频率合成器的实现使用一个插值加法器飞行中描述部分<一个href="#sec3">3</一个>。节<一个href="#sec4">4</一个>的抖动分析提出了插值加法器飞行。部分实验结果<一个href="#sec5">5</一个>。最后,部分<一个href="#sec6">6</一个>提出了总结和结论。</p><h4gydF4y2Baid="proposed-interpolated-flying-adder">2。提出了插值加法器飞行</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba我们提出一个插值flying-adder结构,可以减少一半的cycle-to-cycle抖动,解决周期延长。的flying-adder插值结构是一种进步<一个href="#B9">9</一个>两个路径的flying-adder结构。双通道飞加法器是通过两个联锁和盖茨和XOR / XNOR门之间的路径和路径B如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig3/" target="_blank">3</一个>。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<span class="caption-text">图3</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig3/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>双通道flying-adder频率合成器(<一个href="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jece/volume-2011/871385/figures/871385/">9</一个>]。</td></tr></tbody>
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<p>两个和盖茨和寄存器的反馈自同步确保在任何给定的时间,只有一个路径开启和关闭一个路径。双通道flying-adder使32 VCO蜱虫像64蜱虫(<一个href="#B18">19</一个>]。利用全数字锁相环与延迟链代32双通道flying-adder频率合成器VCO蜱虫。双通道的细胞实现加法器飞行双分辨率表示在<一个href="#B25">20.</一个>]。然而,周期延长的问题仍未解决的一条路径和双通道飞蛇。图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>是提出的框图插值加法器飞行。我们修改原来的双通道flying-adder结构。数字内插程序应用于插入的输出路径和路径b两种路径都同时开启插值加法器飞行中不同于双通道操作。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<span class="caption-text">图4</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig4/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>框图提出的插值加法器飞行。</td></tr></tbody>
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<p>路径与路径b。然而,不同的是蓄电池的位宽。Reg的输入信号。一个是整数(Int)蓄电池的一部分。Reg的价值。B是积累与Reg的价值。和输入相位控制。相位控制是用来控制路径之间的相位关系和路径B的输出信号路径和路径B是由插入器插入。插入器接收到的两个信号,B_out路径A_out和路径,CLKOUT产生第三输出信号。出信号的上升边的中点A_out路径和路径B_out如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig5/" target="_blank">5</一个>。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<span class="caption-text">图5</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig5/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>插入器的功能。</td></tr></tbody>
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<p>当<年代vghe我ght="13.6375" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-2.21956pt;width:86.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 86.8125 13.6375" width="86.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-61.09)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9516678" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">
问</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.420998" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.461388" y="0">
3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.712887" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.838638" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.090137" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>在图是一样的吗<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>(加法器飞行的<一个href="#B8">8</一个>),<gydF4y2Ba年代vghe我ght="10.9125" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:76.837502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 76.837502 10.9125" width="76.837502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.27)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
P</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9641709" y="0">
H</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.991337" y="0">
一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.018503" y="0">
年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.970171" y="0">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.072834" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.113224" y="0">
3</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>等于频率的整数部分。图吗<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>显示的数值操作提出了插值加法器飞行。蓄电池的Int值部分存储在注册。a . Reg。的价值将积累阶段进入注册。B由输出MUX B的输出路径和路径B将插入插入器的输出。然后插入间隔3Δ3ΔΔ3.5,和3.5Δ计算图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>。触发间隔3Δ0.5和3.5ΔΔ。因此,cycle-to-cycle抖动的插值加法器飞行与加法器飞行相比提高了50%,在图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<span class="caption-text">图6</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig6/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>数值的操作提出了插值加法器飞行。</td></tr></tbody>
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<h4 id="implementation-of-interpolated-flying-adder-based-frequency-synthesizer">3所示。实现插值Flying-Adder-Based频率合成器</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba的插值flying-adder-based频率合成器包括两个子系统:一个是多相全数字锁相环(ADPLL)生成32等距的阶段;第二个子系统是插值flying-adder图中描述<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba的操作系统是基于<年代vghe我ght="13.45" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-2.21956pt;width:114.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 114.625 13.45" width="114.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)">
<g transform="translate(72,-61.24)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9516678" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">
问</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.420998" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.461388" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.712887" y="0">
8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.440224" y="0">
∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.305092" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.01992" y="0">
></t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>这是类似于(<一个href="#B8">8</一个>]。频率< 28:0 >是输入频率控制字。5 MSB选择MUX 32位直接用于输入。24 LSB位小数部分。让我们假设多相ADPLL运行的输出频率为156.25 MHz (6.4 ns)。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba两个相邻之间的延时输出6.4 ns / 32 = 0.2 ns。如果一个161.29 MHz (6.2 ns)所需的输出,那么<年代vghe我ght="13.45" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-2.21956pt;width:114.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 114.625 13.45" width="114.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)">
<g transform="translate(72,-61.24)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9516678" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">
问</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.420998" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.461388" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.712887" y="0">
8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.440224" y="0">
∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.305092" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.01992" y="0">
></t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>可以计算如下:<年代vghe我ght="30.4125" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 30.4125" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,30.4125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-47.67)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9516678" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">
问</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.698704" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.0168" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.268303" y="0">
8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.348839" y="0">
∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="122.56691" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="143.57195" y="0">
></t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="166.87755" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="170.4534" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="183.99414" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="194.85925" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="201.11075" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="204.23651" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="212.576" y="0">
n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="218.8275" y="0">
年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="238.44472" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="261.75031" y="0">
6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="268.0018" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="271.12756" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="279.46704" y="0">
n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="285.71857" y="0">
年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="309.49927" y="0">
⇒</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="339.99408" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="346.94574" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="355.28525" y="0">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="362.92459" y="0">
问</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="386.69278" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="410.01086" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="416.26239" y="0">
8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="437.26743" y="0">
∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="458.39749" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="479.40253" y="0">
></t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="492.13058" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="515.44867" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="521.7002" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="527.95166" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="531.07745" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="552.06995" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="12.51">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.503" y="12.51">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.754499" y="12.51">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.006001" y="12.51">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.2575" y="12.51">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.383251" y="12.51">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.63475" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.88625" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.137749" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.55275" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.804253" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.055748" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.307251" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.722244" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.973747" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="105.22525" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="111.47675" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="121.90425" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="128.15575" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="134.40726" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="140.65875" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="151.07375" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="157.32526" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="163.57675" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="169.82825" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="180.24326" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="186.49475" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="192.74625" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="198.99774" y="12.51">
0</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.31,47.72)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>。</p><h5gydF4y2Baid="sec3.1">3.1。多相全数字锁相环路</h5><p>gydF4y2Ba多相全数字锁相环路的功能(ADPLL)是生成32等距的阶段提出的插值flying-adder-based频率合成器。多相ADPLL表示在图的框图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig7/" target="_blank">7</一个>。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<span class="caption-text">图7</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig7/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>多相ADPLL框图。</td></tr></tbody>
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<p>多相ADPLL包含两个主要功能单元。第一个函数单元是定时控制单元和SAR,第二部分是digital-to-voltage转换器(")和多相压控振荡器(VCO)。定时控制单元执行时机的选择参考频率以及输出频率。逐次逼近寄存器(SAR)控制的关键单元频率搜索。特区单元的主要优点是结构紧凑,以及常规布局(<一个href="#B22">21</一个>]。</p><p>d我g我t一个l- - - - - -to- - - - - -voltage转换器(")生成Vtune信号控制VCO,和详细的"可以在找到<一个href="#B23">22</一个>]。VCO 32 NAND盖茨,见图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig8/" target="_blank">8</一个>。VCO的16个阶段,每个阶段有两个逻辑门。每个与非门的输出连接到下一个阶段,反馈是连接到相同的阶段与非门的输入(<一个href="#B11">11</一个>]。VCO的结构非常普通。压控振荡器的输出频率范围从35兆赫到235兆赫,如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig9/" target="_blank">9</一个>。多相ADPLL的输出频率可以表示为<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="equation" id="EEq2">
<svg height="30.3375" id="M17" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 30.3375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,30.3375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-47.73)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.61,56.53)">
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<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.55,53.41)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0">
D</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.637888" y="0">
P</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="17.512753" y="0">
l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="22.860224" y="0">
l</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.73,56.53)">
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=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0">
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<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.71,53.41)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.7150559" y="0">
e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.6009436" y="0">
f</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.5,56.53)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.5500002" y="-7.2600002">
</t年代p一个n></text>
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<path d="m 241.05,59.66 11.77,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
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2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.2" y="-8.75">
,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.31" y="-8.96">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="234.4735" y="-8.96">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="240.72501" y="-8.96">
)</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span>在哪里<年代vghe我ght="14.475" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:44.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 44.6875 14.475" width="44.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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<g transform="translate(72,-60.42)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0">
D</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.637888" y="0">
P</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="17.512753" y="0">
l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="22.860224" y="0">
l</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>输出频率和吗<年代vghe我ght="14.5875" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:25.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.0625 14.5875" width="25.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.33)">
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</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.7150559" y="0">
e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.6009436" y="0">
f</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
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</svg>是输入参考频率。的<年代vghe我ght="10.325" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8375 10.325" width="14.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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<g transform="translate(72,-63.74)">
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<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
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</svg>是由<年代vghe我ght="11.075" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:53.887501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 53.887501 11.075" width="53.887501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.075)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.14)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.07,63.31)">
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0</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.73,66.44)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
∼</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-33.81,63.31)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>。产生50%的关税周期输出的频率、VCO输出频率除以2电路。因此,多相ADPLL的输出频率<年代vghe我ght="10.9125" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:25.5875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.5875 10.9125" width="25.5875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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<g transform="translate(72,-63.27)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
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</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.640053" y="0">
/</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.115887" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n></text>
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</svg>次引用的频率。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<span class="caption-text">图8</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig8/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>多相VCO的框图。</td></tr></tbody>
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<span class="caption-text">图9</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig9/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>VCO输出频率。</td></tr></tbody>
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<h5 id="sec3.2">3.2。插值加法器飞行</h5><p>gydF4y2Ba插值加法器飞行的子系统包括路径,路径B,插入器如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>。每个路径有一个坚信不疑MUX,蓄电池,触发器和逆变器。蓄电池在底部的位宽是29位,和宽度上的蓄电池是5位。蓄电池的核心元素是加法器的设计。为简单起见加法器的设计和利用信号的同步,我们采用了一种修改carry-select加法器,线性增加每个subadder的长度。前2位是一个简单的涟漪加法器,后跟一个进位存储加法器和2位的长度,3位,4位,5位,6位,7位。因此,加法器的总长度是29位,如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig10/" target="_blank">10</一个>。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<span class="caption-text">图10</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig10/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>修改而且甚至于carry-select加法器。</td></tr></tbody>
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<p>MUX的设计是一个关键问题,插入器的实现。坚信不疑MUX可以由树结构构造的两倍MUX [<一个href="#B24">24</一个>]。然而,这个树结构创建延迟失配,表示图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig11/" target="_blank">11</一个>。<年代vghe我ght="14.3875" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-3.25792pt;width:15.425px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.425 14.3875" width="15.425" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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<g transform="translate(72,-60.49)">
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</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.66)">
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年代</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
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</svg>和<年代vghe我ght="14.2375" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:17.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.237499 14.2375" width="17.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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<g transform="translate(72,-60.61)">
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</t年代p一个n></text>
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D</t年代p一个n></text>
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</svg>表示控制输入的延迟(CS0 ~ CS4) MUX和数据,分别。数据有不同的延迟阶段输出取决于他们的控制输入。如果控制输入只CS0变化,延迟<年代vghe我ght="14.7125" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:60.712502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 60.712502 14.7125" width="60.712502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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<g transform="translate(72,-60.23)">
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</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.37)">
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</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.5,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0">
4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.591721" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.02,60.37)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>。相比之下,延迟<年代vghe我ght="14.35" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:17.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.225 14.35" width="17.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.52)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.66)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
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</g>
</svg>当只有CS4变化。延迟失配造成确定性抖动。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<span class="caption-text">图11</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig11/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>延迟失配坚信不疑MUX基于树结构。</td></tr></tbody>
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<p>简化MUX设计,我们使用并行传输门减少切换延迟以及信号延迟。减少加载并联的传播,我们在一组结合盖茨16并行传输。然后,我们使用一个2比1 MUX选择信号。图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig12/" target="_blank">12</一个>显示了坚信不疑MUX的实现结构。此外,我们简化了编码器电路设计,如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig13/" target="_blank">13</一个>。我们把编码器电路分为16组。每组有一个P-MOS负载和四个nmos。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<span class="caption-text">图12</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig12/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>传输gate-based坚信不疑MUX。</td></tr></tbody>
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<span class="caption-text">图13</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig13/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>简化4比特编码器电路。</td></tr></tbody>
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<p>一个数字内插程序(<一个href="#B21">18</一个>)被用来调整延迟的传播延迟小于变频器在迟延锁定环(DLL)作为显示在图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig14/" target="_blank">(14日)</一个>。数字内插程序可以提供插值函数的两个输入上升边缘如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig14/" target="_blank">14 (b)</一个>。两个输入信号路径A_out和路径B_out插值的插入器实现信号。因此,插入器执行的函数图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig5/" target="_blank">5</一个>。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<strong>(一)</年代trong></d我v>
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<strong>(b)</年代trong></d我v>
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<span class="caption-text">图14</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig14/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>(一)数字内插程序(<一个href="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jece/volume-2011/871385/figures/871385/">18</一个>),(b)H年代p我ce仿真。</td></tr></tbody>
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<h4 id="jitter-analysis-of-interpolated-flying-adder">4所示。抖动分析插值加法器飞行</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba讨论了插值加法器飞行的基本架构部分<一个href="#sec2">2</一个>。一个简单的算例涉及<年代vghe我ght="13.6375" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-2.21956pt;width:86.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 86.8125 13.6375" width="86.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-61.09)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9516678" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">
问</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.420998" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.461388" y="0">
3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.712887" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.838638" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.090137" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>。插值飞行加法器可以减少cycle-to-cycle抖动从1ΔΔ/ 2数据的解释<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>和<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>。然而,应该提供更多的详细的分析比较飞行加法器的区别和插值加法器飞行。加法器飞行,抖动性能分析一直在深入调查(<一个href="#B8">8</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href="#B19">25</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href="#B20">26</一个>]。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba如果一个频率<年代vghe我ght="13.6125" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:51.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.4375 13.6125" width="51.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-61.11)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.402496" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.442884" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.694386" y="0">
/</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.170219" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>必须由插值生成flying-adder-based频率合成器和多相信号与Δ等距的决议,那么频率控制字频率可以计算吗<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="equation" id="EEq3">
<svg height="72.800003" id="M29" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 72.800003" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,72.8)">
<g transform="translate(72,-13.76)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.6,54.45)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.18" y="24.639999">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.339981" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.380369" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.332039" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.671539" y="0">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.310871" y="0">
问</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.113705" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.47773" y="0">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.504898" y="0">
,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="302.51999" y="-1.87">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="306.6835" y="-1.87">
3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="312.935" y="-1.87">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-13.56" y="31.889999">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-6.6083322" y="31.889999">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="1.731169" y="31.889999">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3705025" y="31.889999">
问</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.873503" y="31.889999">
=</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 206.71,25.69 9.03,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.71,13.81)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.69" y="-8.75">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.730389" y="-8.75">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.507496" y="-8.75">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.847717" y="-8.75">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.94894" y="-8.75">
,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="267.41" y="-8.96">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="271.57349" y="-8.96">
4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="277.82501" y="-8.96">
)</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span>在哪里<年代vghe我ght="10.325" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:9.0375004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.0375004 10.325" width="9.0375004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.74)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>整数部分和吗<年代vghe我ght="7.0124998" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:6.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 6.5 7.0124998" width="6.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-66.39)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>是小数部分。两种类型的周期,短周期<年代vghe我ght="14.35" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:17.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.225 14.35" width="17.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.52)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.66)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>和长周期<年代vghe我ght="14.2375" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:17.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.0875 14.2375" width="17.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.61)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.66)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>在合成信号。短的周期<年代vghe我ght="14.35" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:17.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.225 14.35" width="17.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.52)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.66)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>和长周期<年代vghe我ght="14.2375" id="M36" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:17.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.0875 14.2375" width="17.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.61)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.66)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>被表示为<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="equation" id="EEq5">
<svg height="57.537498" id="M37" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 57.537498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,57.5375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-25.97)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.18,63.2)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.06,60.07)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.33,63.2)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-35.959999" y="28.42">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.804993" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.16902" y="0">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.196186" y="0">
,</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.24,31.65)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.41,34.78)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="4.9200001">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.720001" y="-7.25">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.4" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.177107" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 220.13,37.9 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.13,26.02)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-3.8399999">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.83" y="-8.7600002">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.181524" y="-8.7600002">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.208691" y="-8.7600002">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="253.99001" y="-19.84">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="258.1535" y="-19.84">
5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="264.405" y="-19.84">
)</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span>可以显示为抖动的峰<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="equation" id="EEq6">
<svg height="30.6625" id="M38" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 30.6625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,30.6625)">
<g transform="translate(72,-47.47)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.74,56.27)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.49,53.15)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.69,50.96)">
<tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.58,53.15)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
- - - - - -</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.49,53.15)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.69,50.96)">
<tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.55,56.27)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.46,53.15)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.94,56.27)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.16,53.15)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.43,56.27)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-7.25">
Δ</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 252.66,59.4 9.03,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.05,47.52)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.8299999" y="-8.75">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="220.07001" y="-9.0900002">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.23351" y="-9.0900002">
6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.485" y="-9.0900002">
)</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span>长周期和短周期的可能性可分为两种情况:<年代vghe我ght="11.25" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt;width:72.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 72.625 11.25" width="72.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.25)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7148314" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.332277" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.372665" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.624168" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.749916" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>和<年代vghe我ght="14.65" id="M40" style="vertical-align:-2.64594pt;width:72.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 72.625 14.65" width="72.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.65)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.28)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.97)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.092081" y="0">
≦</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.132469" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.70953" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.749916" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>。</p><p><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="statement" id="casee1"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">例1 (<年代vghe我ght="11.25" id="M41" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt;width:72.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 72.625 11.25" width="72.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.25)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7148314" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.332277" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.372665" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.624168" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.749916" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>)。</我></年代p一个n>长周期和短周期的可能性<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="equation" id="EEq7">
<svg height="41.349998" id="M42" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 41.349998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,41.35)">
<g transform="translate(72,-38.92)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.36,63.2)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.79,60.07)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.96,63.2)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-52.84" y="20.48">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.38061" y="0">
,</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.55,39.6)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.82,42.72)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.055052" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.407776" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.66,39.6)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.83,42.72)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.055052" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.395271" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.646774" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.747997" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="254.28999" y="-9.6199999">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="258.45349" y="-9.6199999">
7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="264.70499" y="-9.6199999">
)</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span></span></p>
<p>然后,计算合成平均周期时间<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="equation" id="EEq8">
<svg height="88.550003" id="M43" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 88.550003" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,88.55)">
<g transform="translate(72,-1.16)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.17,61.13)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,111.05,58.01)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6145761" y="0">
v</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.622992" y="0">
g</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,127.01,61.13)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="2.51">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.889999" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.33,58.01)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.8,61.13)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3515239" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.03,58.01)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.73,58.62)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.969999" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.82" y="-2.51">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.98,58.01)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.56,61.13)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3390212" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.79,58.01)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.59,58.62)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-76.730003" y="32.110001">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-48.040001" y="19.940001">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-117.58" y="27.190001">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-105.55212" y="27.190001">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-101.38862" y="27.190001">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-95.137115" y="27.190001">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-90.035889" y="27.190001">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-83.084221" y="27.190001">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-69.360001" y="27.190001">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-60.595398" y="27.190001">
+</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 196.55,34.56 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.55,22.68)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4400001" y="-3.8299999">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.129999" y="-8.75">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.932833" y="-8.75">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.273052" y="-8.75">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.43655" y="-8.75">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.463718" y="-8.75">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.80394" y="-8.75">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.055443" y="-8.75">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.156662" y="-8.75">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.095825" y="-8.75">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.459854" y="-8.75">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.623352" y="-8.75">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="100.75006" y="-8.75">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.98906" y="-8.75">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-69.540001" y="17.719999">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-57.512115" y="17.719999">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-53.348614" y="17.719999">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-44.559006" y="17.719999">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-33.218784" y="17.719999">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-28.117561" y="17.719999">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-21.178396" y="17.719999">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-14.826872" y="17.719999">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="277.57001" y="-10.77">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="281.73349" y="-10.77">
8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="287.98499" y="-10.77">
)</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span>和是一样的<一个href="#EEq3">4</一个>)。均值抖动可以派生<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="equation" id="EEq9">
<svg height="113.55" id="M44" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 113.55" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,113.55)">
<g transform="translate(72,18.84)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,107.67,61.13)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,114.42,58.01)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0">
e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0">
一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.580832" y="0">
n</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.35,61.13)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.82,58.01)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.6,58.62)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.32,58.01)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.8,61.13)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.219999" y="2.51">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.85" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.177719" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.42,58.01)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.3,58.62)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.03,58.01)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,266.61,61.13)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.219999" y="2.51">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-62.310001" y="21.98">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-129.25999" y="29.23">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-117.23212" y="29.23">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-110.98061" y="29.23">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-103.09122" y="29.23">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-96.730003" y="34.150002">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-90.991119" y="34.150002">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-83.629997" y="29.23">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-74.852898" y="29.23">
+</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 204.3,35.03 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.3,23.15)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4400001" y="-3.8299999">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.040001" y="-3.8299999">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.8499999" y="17.76">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="97.010002" y="17.76">
]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.83" y="-8.75">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.169022" y="-8.75">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.984356" y="-8.75">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.324577" y="-8.75">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.488075" y="-8.75">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.265182" y="-8.75">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.6054" y="-8.75">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.706627" y="-8.75">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.64579" y="-8.75">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.009819" y="-8.75">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-57.68" y="17.719999">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-46.339779" y="17.719999">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-42.176281" y="17.719999">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-33.149113" y="17.719999">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-21.808893" y="17.719999">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-15.557393" y="17.719999">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-10.456169" y="17.719999">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-3.517004" y="17.719999">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.0100002" y="17.719999">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.787106" y="17.719999">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.13863" y="17.719999">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.941463" y="17.719999">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.294186" y="17.719999">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.457684" y="17.719999">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.234791" y="17.719999">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.575012" y="17.719999">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.676239" y="17.719999">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.615402" y="17.719999">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.979431" y="17.719999">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-66.949997" y="38.189999">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-54.922115" y="38.189999">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-48.670612" y="38.189999">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="269.82001" y="-0.30000001">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="273.98349" y="-0.30000001">
9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="280.23499" y="-0.30000001">
)</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span>最后,均方根(RMS)可以显示为抖动<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="equation" id="EEq10">
<svg height="131.39999" id="M45" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 131.39999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,131.4)">
<g transform="translate(72,33.12)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,81.8,53.56)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,88.55,50.43)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.080704" y="0">
米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.88976" y="0">
年代</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.82,53.56)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="1.84">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 131.08,70.71 148.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,131.08,53.56)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,138.5,50.43)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.2,51.05)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.93,50.43)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.4,53.56)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.219999" y="2.51">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.47,61.09)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.12,53.56)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.89,50.43)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.69,51.05)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.42,50.43)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,249,53.56)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.219999" y="2.51">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,275.07,61.09)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.19,18.16)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="5.6300001">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 131.29,37.83 203.67,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.27,16.28)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="97.489998" y="-1.84">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="191.64999" y="-1.84">
]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.12839" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.479914" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.959999" y="-1.88">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.30022" y="-1.88">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.463718" y="-1.88">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.490887" y="-1.88">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.831108" y="-1.88">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.082603" y="-1.88">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.18383" y="-1.88">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="91.122993" y="-1.88">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.65" y="-1.88">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="110.42711" y="-1.88">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="116.77863" y="-1.88">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="128.58147" y="-1.88">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="139.93419" y="-1.88">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="144.09769" y="-1.88">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.87479" y="-1.88">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="164.21501" y="-1.88">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="169.31624" y="-1.88">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="176.2554" y="-1.88">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="182.61943" y="-1.88">
Δ</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,330.08,23.34)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.19,-21.27)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.07" y="6.75">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0">
Δ</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 140.31,-2.72 32.74,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.08,-14.02)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 141.51,-18.14 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.51,-30.02)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.22" y="-8.75">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.560221" y="-8.75">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.18,-17.83)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.05,-21.27)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="294.82001" y="-37.59">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="298.98349" y="-37.59">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="305.23499" y="-37.59">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="311.48651" y="-37.59">
)</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span>我们捐款,<年代vghe我ght="16.75" id="M46" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:224.2375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 224.2375 16.75" width="224.2375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.75)">
<g transform="translate(72,-58.6)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3269978" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.104103" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.444324" y="0">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.607822" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.859325" y="0">
/</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.335159" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.586658" y="0">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.750156" y="0">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.689323" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.040848" y="0">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.856178" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.196404" y="0">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.359901" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.13701" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="113.47723" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="118.57845" y="0">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="125.53012" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="131.88164" y="0">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="140.90881" y="0">
]</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,73.13,66.03)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,81.47,60.86)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.742956" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg></p>
<p>当<年代vghe我ght="10.9125" id="M47" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:45.862499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 45.862499 10.9125" width="45.862499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.27)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604944" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.856443" y="0">
/</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.332277" y="0">
4</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>,<年代vghe我ght="14.35" id="M48" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:25.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.8125 14.35" width="25.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.52)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.2,60.66)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.0894561" y="0">
米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.8985119" y="0">
年代</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>有最大抖动值<年代vghe我ght="10.9125" id="M49" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:23.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.5625 10.9125" width="23.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.27)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0">
/</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.503" y="0">
4</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>,一半的常规飞行加法器<一个href="#B8">8</一个>]。</p><p><年代p一个ncl一个年代s="statement" id="casee2"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">例2 (<年代vghe我ght="14.65" id="M50" style="vertical-align:-2.64594pt;width:72.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 72.625 14.65" width="72.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.65)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.28)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.97)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.092081" y="0">
≦</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.132469" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.70953" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.749916" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>)。</我></年代p一个n>长周期和短周期的可能性<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="equation" id="EEq11">
<svg height="41.349998" id="M51" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 41.349998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,41.35)">
<g transform="translate(72,-38.92)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.18,63.2)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.6,60.07)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.77,63.2)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-41.09" y="20.48">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.168779" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.508999" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.760502" y="0">
,</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.11,39.6)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.38,42.72)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.067554" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.407776" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.22,39.6)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.39,42.72)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.055052" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.407776" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.659275" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="246.48" y="-9.6199999">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="250.64349" y="-9.6199999">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="256.89499" y="-9.6199999">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="263.14648" y="-9.6199999">
)</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span>和不同于<年代vghe我ght="11.25" id="M52" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt;width:72.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 72.625 11.25" width="72.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.25)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7148314" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.332277" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.372665" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.624168" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.749916" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>。然而,<年代vghe我ght="16.987499" id="M53" style="vertical-align:-5.04861pt;width:107.3625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 107.3625 16.987499" width="107.3625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.9875)">
<g transform="translate(72,-58.41)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.37)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.605824" y="0">
v</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.6142402" y="0">
g</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.11,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.354883" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.144493" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.484715" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.585938" y="0">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.912937" y="0">
Δ</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>和<年代vghe我ght="14.7125" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:60.087502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 60.087502 14.7125" width="60.087502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.23)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.2,60.37)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0">
e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0">
一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.580832" y="0">
n</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-42.27,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>在的情况是一样的吗<一个href="#casee1">1</一个>。</年代p一个n></p><p>rms抖动也可以作为派生而来<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="equation" id="EEq12">
<svg height="158.2375" id="M55" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 158.2375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,158.2375)">
<g transform="translate(72,54.59)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,58.08,63.2)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,64.83,60.07)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.080704" y="0">
米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.88976" y="0">
年代</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.51,32.09)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="1.84">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 96.77,49.24 148.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,96.77,32.09)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.19,28.96)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.89,29.58)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.62,28.96)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.09,32.09)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.219999" y="2.51">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.16,39.62)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.81,32.09)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.58,28.96)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.38,29.58)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.11,28.96)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.69,32.09)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.219999" y="2.51">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.76,39.62)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.51,-3.31)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="5.6300001">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 97.6,16.36 261.07,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,100.59,-5.18)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.189999" y="0.039999999">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="172.05" y="0.039999999">
]</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.414999" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.632111" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.88361" y="0">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.822777" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.349998" y="0">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.5135" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.290604" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.630829" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.882324" y="0">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.821487" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="97.185516" y="0">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.98835" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="120.32857" y="0">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="124.49207" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="133.26918" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="144.60939" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="149.71062" y="0">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="156.66229" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="163.01381" y="0">
Δ</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,276.8,-0.01)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.45,-5.18)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-191.87" y="44.299999">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.50372" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.871105" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.122608" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.223831" y="0">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.175499" y="0">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.527023" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-212.94" y="39.029999">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-200.89961" y="39.029999">
Δ</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 106.63,-24.19 69.17,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,106.63,-44.21)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
−</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,120.3,-40.77)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,127.95,-44.21)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
+</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-7.25">
3</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 140.49,-41.08 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,140.49,-52.96)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.860001" y="-16">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.314387" y="-8.75">
−</t年代p一个n></text>
<g>
<path d="m 168.35,-41.08 6.26,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,168.35,-52.96)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="299.51999" y="-58.540001">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="303.6835" y="-58.540001">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="309.935" y="-58.540001">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="316.18649" y="-58.540001">
)</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg></span>当<年代vghe我ght="10.9125" id="M56" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:45.862499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 45.862499 10.9125" width="45.862499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.27)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.604944" y="0">
3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.856443" y="0">
/</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.332277" y="0">
4</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>,<年代vghe我ght="14.35" id="M57" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:25.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.8125 14.35" width="25.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.52)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.2,60.66)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.0894561" y="0">
米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.8985119" y="0">
年代</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>有最大抖动值<年代vghe我ght="10.9125" id="M58" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:23.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.5625 10.9125" width="23.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.27)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
Δ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0">
/</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.503" y="0">
4</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>也是飞加法器的一半(<一个href="#B8">8</一个>]。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>是之间的抖动性能比较的总结提出了插值飞行加法器和常规飞行加法器(<一个href="#B8">8</一个>]。拟议的插值加法器飞行和飞行的加法器<一个href="#B8">8</一个>)有相同的平均周期时间(<年代vghe我ght="16.625" id="M59" style="vertical-align:-5.04861pt;width:24.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.325001 16.625" width="24.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.625)">
<g transform="translate(72,-58.7)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.66)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.605824" y="0">
v</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.6142402" y="0">
g</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>)和平均抖动(<年代vghe我ght="14.35" id="M60" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:32.887501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.887501 14.35" width="32.887501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.52)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.2,60.66)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0">
e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0">
一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.580832" y="0">
n</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>)。然而,插值的均方根抖动抖动和峰飞加法器被改进的一半(<一个href="#B8">8</一个>]加法器飞行。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab1">
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抖动性能的比较。</d我v><一个cl一个年代年代="table-thumb-overlay" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/tab1" target="_blank" aria-label="View full page"></a>
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<h4 id="experimental-results">5。实验结果</h4><p>0。18测试芯片是捏造的一个标准<我>μ</gydF4y2Ba我>CMOS工艺。图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig15/" target="_blank">15</一个>显示该插值的缩影照片加法器飞行。它包括两个子系统。第一个子系统是多相ADPLL。多相ADPLL的面积是283<我>μ</gydF4y2Ba我>米×132<我>μ</gydF4y2Ba我>米。多相ADPLL参考时钟的输入是10 MHz。多相ADPLL的输出频率171 MHz 34(倍增系数时<年代vghe我ght="11.075" id="M68" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:89.462502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 89.462502 11.075" width="89.462502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.075)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.14)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.07,63.31)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.2,66.44)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.11,63.31)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
4</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39.24,66.44)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0">
…</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.79225" y="0">
,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.006001" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-5.35,63.31)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>)。图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig16/" target="_blank">16</一个>显示的是测量多相ADPLL在171 MHz的频率150.3 ps峰抖动。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<td>缩影照片的全数字频率合成器使用插值加法器飞行。</td></tr></tbody>
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<td>多相ADPLL测量结果的输出在171 MHz<年代vghe我ght="14.9" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 91.550003 14.9" width="91.550003" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.9)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.08)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.22)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.28,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
- - - - - -</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-47.69,60.22)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.98,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.543388" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.794889" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.920639" y="0">
3</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>ps。</td></tr></tbody>
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<p>另一个子系统是插值加法器飞行,其面积是295<我>μ</gydF4y2Ba我>米×353<我>μ</gydF4y2Ba我>米如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig15/" target="_blank">15</一个>。当频率控制字<年代vghe我ght="13.45" id="M70" style="vertical-align:-2.21956pt;width:114.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 114.625 13.45" width="114.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)">
<g transform="translate(72,-61.24)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9516678" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">
问</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.420998" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.461388" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.712887" y="0">
8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.440224" y="0">
∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.305092" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.01992" y="0">
></t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>是22.75和多相ADPLL是171 MHz的频率,测量插入flying-adder输出频率120 MHz,表示图吗<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig17/" target="_blank">(17日)</一个>。功耗是21.3 mW包括28<年代vghe我ght="10.9125" id="M71" style="vertical-align:-0.17554pt;width:20.9625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.9625 10.9125" width="20.9625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.27)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0">
/</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0">
O</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>垫。峰抖动是249 ps,均方根抖动图。41.4 ps<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig17/" target="_blank">17 (b)</一个>是插值的测量结果加法器飞行在286 MHz 215.2 ps峰抖动和40.2 ps均方根抖动频率控制字<年代vghe我ght="13.45" id="M72" style="vertical-align:-2.21956pt;width:114.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 114.625 13.45" width="114.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)">
<g transform="translate(72,-61.24)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9516678" y="0">
R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.291169" y="0">
E</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.930502" y="0">
问</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.420998" y="0">
<</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.461388" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.712887" y="0">
8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.440224" y="0">
∶</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.305092" y="0">
0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.01992" y="0">
></t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>是9.57。只有当多相ADPLL 42.7 MHz的频率抖动213 ps峰-峰值最小输出频率的测量结果是33 MHz。图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig18/" target="_blank">18</一个>显示输出峰抖动是435 ps,均方根抖动是60.5 ps。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="partial-carousel-wrapper">
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<td>测量结果的插值加法器飞行(多相ADPLL在171 MHz), (a)输出在120 MHz<年代vghe我ght="14.7125" id="M73" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 91.550003 14.7125" width="91.550003" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.23)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.37)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.28,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
- - - - - -</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-47.69,60.37)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.98,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0">
4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.543388" y="0">
8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.794889" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.920639" y="0">
7</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>ps, (b)输出在286 MHz<年代vghe我ght="14.9" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 91.550003 14.9" width="91.550003" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.9)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.08)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.22)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.28,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
- - - - - -</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-47.69,60.22)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.98,63.35)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.543388" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.794889" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.920639" y="0">
2</t年代p一个n></text>
</g>
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</svg>ps。</td></tr></tbody>
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<span class="caption-text">图18</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/fig18/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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<td>测量结果的插值flying-adder输出在33 MHz<年代vghe我ght="14.9" id="M75" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 91.550003 14.9" width="91.550003" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0">
4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0">
3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.543388" y="0">
5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.794889" y="0">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.920639" y="0">
6</t年代p一个n></text>
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</svg>ps(多相ADPLL 42.7 MHz)。</td></tr></tbody>
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<p>多相信号的峰间值抖动150.3 ps将直接造成抖动输出频率显示在[<一个href="#B17">17</一个>]。输出抖动造成的内插飞加法器是98.4 ps和64.9 ps 120 MHz和286 MHz,分别。RMS抖动几乎等于Δ/ 4 = 41 ps (<一个href="#EEq12">12</一个>)。当输出频率与多相ADPLL 33 MHz的周期时间(Δ)732 ps,造成的抖动插值加法器是222.6 ps飞行。表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/tab2/" target="_blank">2</一个>是抖动而抖动测量分析。因此,抖动的测量峰和均方根抖动验证抖动分析部分<一个href="#sec4">4</一个>。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab2">
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<span class="caption-text">表2</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/tab2/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
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测量结果与抖动分析。</d我v><一个cl一个年代年代="table-thumb-overlay" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/tab2" target="_blank" aria-label="View full page"></a>
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<p>评估flying-adder-based频率合成器的性能,一个简单的测量和计算品质因数(FoM)必须定义性能参数的组合。电源效率FoM包括有效数量的比特(第三)定义在[<一个href="#B7">7</一个>]。蓄电池是重要的位宽调谐频率分辨率显示在[<一个href="#B8">8</一个>]。同样,我们定义的功率效率FoM与归一化宽度的累加器如下:<年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="equation" id="EEq13">
<svg height="41.200001" id="M87" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 41.200001" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="289.44" y="-8.0600004">
</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
F</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9016562" y="0">
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米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.731653" y="0">
=</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.75" y="-10.57">
O</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.777164" y="-10.57">
u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.028667" y="-10.57">
t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.504501" y="-10.57">
p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.755997" y="-10.57">
u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.0075" y="-10.57">
t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.609085" y="-10.57">
f</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.772583" y="-10.57">
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e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="97.474915" y="-10.57">
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u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="109.81537" y="-10.57">
e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="115.36671" y="-10.57">
n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="121.6182" y="-10.57">
c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="127.16953" y="-10.57">
y</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="139.67" y="-10.58">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="143.8335" y="-10.58">
G</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.86067" y="-10.58">
H</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="161.88783" y="-10.58">
z</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="167.43916" y="-10.58">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="174.36583" y="-10.58">
⋅</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="184.89336" y="-10.58">
n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="191.14485" y="-10.58">
o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="197.39635" y="-10.58">
r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="201.80991" y="-10.58">
米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="211.53725" y="-10.58">
一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="217.08858" y="-10.58">
l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="220.56441" y="-10.58">
我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.04024" y="-10.58">
z</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.59158" y="-10.58">
e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.14291" y="-10.58">
d</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="244.52016" y="-10.58">
b</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="250.77165" y="-10.58">
我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="254.2475" y="-10.58">
t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="260.84909" y="-10.58">
w</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="269.87625" y="-10.58">
我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="273.35208" y="-10.58">
d</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="279.60358" y="-10.58">
t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="283.17944" y="-10.58">
h</t年代p一个n></text>
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<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.22,41.81)">
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p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0">
o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.227934" y="0">
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e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.581379" y="0">
r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.820374" y="0">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.983875" y="0">
W</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.786705" y="0">
)</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="154.3" y="-10.59">
。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="267.64999" y="-10.59">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="271.81351" y="-10.59">
1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="278.065" y="-10.59">
3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="284.3165" y="-10.59">
)</t年代p一个n></text>
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<p>蓄电池的规范化的位宽是一位宽度除以位的宽度(<一个href="#B8">8</一个>]。根据表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/tab2/" target="_blank">2</一个>′年代测定结果,28岁的功耗<年代vghe我ght="10.9125" id="M88" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:26.1625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.1625 10.9125" width="26.1625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.27)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0">
/</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0">
O</t年代p一个n></text>
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</svg>垫大约是14 mW, 286 MHz的堆芯功率为14.2兆瓦。提出了频率合成器的FoM 18.2 (GHz / W)。</p><p>gydF4y2Ba表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/tab3/" target="_blank">3</一个>fly我ng- - - - - -一个dder- - - - - -b一个年代ed频率合成器的性能比较。该频率合成器实现最小的面积和输出频率范围宽比(<一个href="#B18">19</一个>,<gydF4y2Ba一个href="#B25">20.</一个>在0.18<我>μ</gydF4y2Ba我>米工艺。通过设置小数部分的最坏的情况下频率控制字,我们完成峰抖动和均方根抖动性能改进与<一个href="#B8">8</一个>]fly我ng- - - - - -一个dder结构。这种工作也有更好的抖动性能比<一个href="#B26">23</一个>)的双通道ADPLL 0.13<我>μ</gydF4y2Ba我>米的过程。</p><d我vcl一个年代年代="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab3">
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<span class="caption-text">表3</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个- - - - - -label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/tab3/" title="" target="_blank"></a>
</div>
<div class="floats-partial-caption-text">
性能比较。</d我v><一个cl一个年代年代="table-thumb-overlay" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jece/2011/871385/tab3" target="_blank" aria-label="View full page"></a>
</div>
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<h4 id="conclusion">6。结论</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba本文提出了一种全数字频率合成器使用插值加法器飞行,抖动性能有所改善。32等距的阶段是由多相ADPLL包括32-phase NAND gate-based VCO, "电路,控制器和一个特别行政区。插值飞行加法器和两个低成本实现pseudo-N mux,修改而且甚至于carry-select加法器以及数字内插程序。的抖动性能提出了插值flying-adder-based频率合成器也获得。原型芯片的输出频率33 MHz ~ 286 MHz的范围在1.8 V。此外,峰<年代vghe我ght="14.7125" id="M90" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:47.412498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 47.412498 14.7125" width="47.412498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.23)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
(</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.36,60.37)">
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</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.12,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">
- - - - - -</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-43.53,60.37)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">
</t年代p一个n></text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.29,63.5)">
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)</t年代p一个n></text>
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</svg>输出时钟的抖动286 MHz 215.2 ps,均方根抖动是40.2 ps。</p><h4gydF4y2Baid="acknowledgments">确认</h4><p>gydF4y2Ba作者要感谢l .秀NovaTek,有用的讨论。他们也要感谢芯片实现中心国家科学委员会(CIC)在台湾的芯片制造。这项工作受到了美国国家科学委员会的台湾,台湾,在批准号nsc99 - 2221 - e - 327 - 047。</p></d我v></d我v><d我v class="ArticleReferences_xmlContent__p_40j">
<h4 class="ArticleReferences_references__GH2t_" id="references">引用</h4><olcl一个年代年代="ArticleReferences_orderedReferences__mJr9M">
<li class="ArticleReferences_articleReference__ouEuh" id="B1">
<div class="referenceContent">
<p class="referenceText">w·f·伊根<我>通过锁相频率合成</我>约翰·威利& Sons,纽约,纽约,美国,第二版,1999年版。</p></d我v></l我>
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<p class="referenceText">d . p .公园公园,和美国曹”,低噪声和低功耗使用抵消0.13的锁相环频率合成器<我>μ</gydF4y2Ba我>米CMOS。”<我>我EEE微波和无线组件信件</我>,20卷,不。1、文章ID 5339111, 52-54, 2010页。</p>gydF4y2Ba视图:<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2009.2035967" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20low-noise%20and%20low-power%20frequency%20synthesizer%20using%20offset%20phase-locked%20loop%20in%200.13%20%C2%B5m%20CMOS&author=P.%20Park&author=D.%20Park&author=S.%20Cho&publication_year=2010" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">谷歌学术搜索</一个></d我v></l我>
<li class="ArticleReferences_articleReference__ouEuh" id="B3">
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<p class="referenceText">答:山m . Ugajin t .原慎司,“2.4 - ghz 1-V蓝牙射频收发器锁相环合成器,”<我>我E我CE电子交易</我>,E87- - - - - -C卷,不。6,895 - 900年,2004页。</p>gydF4y2Ba视图:<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->
<a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%202.4-GHz%20PLL%20synthesizer%20for%20a%201-V%20Bluetooth%20RF%20transceiver&author=A.%20Yamagishi&author=M.%20Ugajin&author=T.%20Tsukahara&publication_year=2004" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">谷歌学术搜索</一个></d我v></l我>
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<p class="referenceText">K.-Y。李、h . Ku和y . b . Kim“快速切换低相位噪声CMOS频率合成器与一种新的粗调优方法对于小灵通的应用程序,“<我>我E我CE电子交易</我>,E89- - - - - -C卷,不。3、420 - 428年,2006页。</p>gydF4y2Ba视图:<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/ietele/e89-c.3.420" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20fast%20switching%20low%20phase%20noise%20CMOS%20frequency%20synthesizer%20with%20a%20new%20coarse%20tuning%20method%20for%20PHS%20applications&author=K.-Y.%20Lee&author=H.%20Ku&author=Y.%20B.%20Kim&publication_year=2006" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">谷歌学术搜索</一个></d我v></l我>
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<p class="referenceText">t .渡边和美国山”,一个全数字锁相环倍频的4 1022 seven-cycle锁定时间,“<我>我EEE固态电路杂志》上</我>,38卷,不。2、198 - 204年,2003页。</p>gydF4y2Ba视图:<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2002.807405" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个ncl一个年代年代="sep">|</年代p一个n><一个href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=An%20all-digital%20PLL%20for%20frequency%20multiplication%20by%204%20to%201022%20with%20seven-cycle%20lock%20time&author=T.%20Watanabe&author=S.%20Yamauchi&publication_year=2003" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">谷歌学术搜索</一个></d我v></l我>
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1766年</d我v></d我v><d我v><年代pan>下载</年代p一个n><d我vcl一个年代年代="articleToolbarStatistics_amount__vJIDp">
1578年</d我v></d我v></d我v></div>
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