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href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/" aria-label="Journal of Computer Networks and Communications">计算机网络和通讯》杂志上</一个>/<一个cl作为年代=”年代c-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-eitiEO jXeALb breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/contents/year/2011/" aria-label="2011">2011年</一个>/<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”年代c-bhlBdH UVThf">文章</年代p一个n></div> <div class="threeColumn__ThreeColumnWrapper-sc-1bf4078-0 dDyxFF threeColumnWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__LeftWrapper-sc-1bf4078-1 fkVFlF leftWrapper"> <button type="button" class="sc-eKZiaR dzZrgS section__button " id="sectionButton"><span class="sc-htoDjs diutvq icon__dots dots__detector icon-colored _3n-7Ho7DlfjMlZbrRr9Q4a icon-themeable" title="" font-size="22"></span>文章部分</button> <div class="sc-bEjcJn jLUVhb static_contents__section_links links__hidden "> <div id="leftSectionMenu" class="sc-cbkKFq prcY sc-bGbJRg dVCLgr left_section_menu"> <p>在这一页上</p><年代p一个ncl作为年代=”年代c-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#abstract" aria-label="">文摘</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#introduction-and-literature-review" aria-label="">介绍和文献综述</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#results" aria-label="">结果</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#conclusion-and-future-work" aria-label="">结论</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#references" aria-label="">引用</一个></年代p一个n><年代pan class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#copyright" aria-label="">版权</一个></年代p一个n></div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ContentWrapper-sc-1bf4078-3 bbzREB contentWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__Content-sc-1bf4078-4 jknsZc content"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-0 eSvjPB article_contents"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 jntdRu article_contents__sections_wrapper"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 hAzjHP"> <div class="sc-chbbiW mBGSe article_header_class"> <p class="sc-kZmsYB bkiEfx article_type">研究文章|开放获取</p><div class="sc-RcBXQ ztvYg article_citation"> 体积 2011年 <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</年代p一个n>文章的ID 235259年 <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</年代p一个n><一个cl作为年代=”年代c-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fQejPQ duuwge" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/235259" aria-label="Doi-link">https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/235259</一个></div> <div class="sc-LKuAh lcOiDF article_full_citation"> <div class="sc-hzNEM gsmOCv isHide"> <p>Md。Zahangir阿拉姆,查尔斯Chittaranjan智利,m . Colin智利Abdus索班, ”<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”一个djust-article-svg-size">新技术传播的多状态信号通过无线衰落信道使用小波去噪</年代p一个n>”,<i>计算机网络和通讯》杂志上</我>, 卷。2011年, 文章的ID235259年, 10   页面, 2011年。 https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/235259</p></div> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iBEsjs kPshFw" color="">显示引用</button> </div> <h1 class="sc-iRbamj jZOxOO sc-iSDuPN kRoxOt article_title adjust-article-svg-size heading-title">新技术传播的多状态信号通过无线衰落信道使用小波去噪</h1></div> <div class="sc-jrIrqw eHMFfo article_authors"> <hr class="sc-cEvuZC XkrFe hr__author"> <span class=""><b>Md。Zahangir阿拉姆</b><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail Option"><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-hjRWVT irNWJI icon-colored _2zt-1j0LmaF8UjTQAM413G icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a>,<年代up>1</年代up></年代p一个n><年代pan class="">查尔斯Chittaranjan智利的,<年代up>2</年代up></年代p一个n><年代pan class="">科林智利的,<年代up>2</年代up>和</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl作为年代="">m . Abdus索班<年代up>3</年代up></年代p一个n><div class="sc-fHxwqH dMuGGA isHide"> <p><sup>1</年代up><年代p一个n>EEE,阴沉的达卡,孟加拉国</年代p一个n></p><p><sup>2</年代up><年代p一个n>新加坡WebSatMedia Pte . Ltd .)科技园</年代p一个n></p><p><sup>3</年代up><年代p一个n>工程和计算机科学学院大学(达卡,孟加拉国</年代p一个n></p></div> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iQtOjA kfDwZY" color="">显示更多</button> </div> <div class="articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 evMkvU"> <div class="articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 fYrLtk"> <b>学术编辑器:</b>Youyun徐</div> <div class="articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 fjviok"> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">收到了</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl作为年代="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年3月30</年代p一个n></div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">接受</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl作为年代="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年6月24日</年代p一个n></div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC isPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">发表</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl作为年代="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年8月28日</年代p一个n></div> </div> </div> <article class="sc-jtRlXQ exFqMv article_body "> <div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">文摘</h4><p>提出了一种新颖的技术降低噪声在多状态信号传输通过无线衰落信道使用小波去噪,扮演关键的角色。该报还解释说,传统的基于阈值的方法是不能去噪多状态正交振幅调制(M-QAM)信号进行多级小波系数通过无线衰落信道。一步一步详细讨论了小波分解和重构过程这里信号函数转换成使用仿真软件MATLAB小波系数。16-QAM调制符号通过Rician衰落信道是由一个控制变量加权复杂形式的强迫每一个细节系数的均值除了低频分量为零,加强无声的财产。误比特率(BER)性能的仿真结果提供给该技术的有效性。的均方根偏差的重构信号从原始信号是用来表达该技术的有效性。传统的去噪提供了非常高的价值比例(90%以上)的均方根差(PDR)和该技术只提供10% PDR通过噪声信道值符号。仿真研究的结果表明,误码性能可以增加使用一个适当的控制变量,迫使每一个细节系数的均值为零。</p><年代p一个ncl作为年代=”end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction-and-literature-review">1。介绍和文献综述</h4><p>信号通过无线信道传播可以通过的路径到达接收机与不同的振幅,由于多路径衰落阶段,时间延迟。发射机或接收机或两者的相对运动引起的时变多径衰落。均衡器用于最小化衰落效应,但均衡器的设计复杂性增加随着数据速率的增加。小波分解在使用领域的图像处理、图像压缩、分割、去噪(<一个href=”#B11">1</一个>- - - - - -<一个href=”#B15">5</一个>]。噪声信号的小波系数估计使用最大后验(MAP)估计值[<一个href=”#B16">6</一个>]。在[<一个href=”#B16">6</一个>),四个新二元分布提出了自然图像小波系数的计算系数和母公司之间的依赖关系。小波去噪算法是非常有用的重建原始图像信号从噪声的形式。去噪的主要想法是减去阈值<年代vg height="10.325" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.225 10.325" width="11.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>从所有系数大于阈值和设置其他系数为零<一个href=”#B23">7</一个>]。一个信号的小波变换是通过一个阈值,消除了系数低于某个值。大多数的能量信号在低频区域相关联,因此近似系数也包含在这个地区。因此,高频噪声条件(<一个href=”#B10">8</一个>通过这一过程。基于阈值小波去噪方案可以在找到<一个href=”#B17">9</一个>- - - - - -<一个href=”#B19">11</一个>]。小波算法对振动提出了图像去噪重建图像噪点(<一个href=”#B20">12</一个>]。分形图像去噪方法用于生成一个原始图像从嘈杂的讨论(<一个href=”#B21">13</一个>]。一个健壮的小波denoising-based估计使用一个健壮的损失函数是用来消除干扰无线信号通过高斯噪声信道(<一个href=”#B22">14</一个>]。传统的小波去噪使用一个阈值(<一个href=”#B23">7</一个>]重建噪声小波系数通过允许实际噪声系数如果大于阈值,否则为0。</p><p>在本文中,作者试图运用小波分解技术来生成小波系数的噪声信号通过一个衰落信道。在多径衰落信道建模最近报道(<一个href=”#B24">15</一个>]。重建的原始符号传播的符号通过衰落信道使用小波去噪技术将在本文中详细讨论。小波分解和重建方法也派生(<一个href=”#B6">16</一个>- - - - - -<一个href=”#B8">18</一个>]。这里讨论的小波分解和重建技术为嘈杂的符号和生成小波系数重构信号的系数通过计算机模拟使用一种编程语言(如C、Java、或软件MATLAB。基于阈值的去噪技术用于重建调制符号。的问题,传统的去噪的小波系数16-QAM或64 - qam调制符号由多位和阈值技术是无法估计的噪声系数大于或小于阈值。作者还提出,本文去噪技术多位符号使用复杂的加权控制变量,迫使每个高频细节系数的均值为零。16-QAM传播符号通过MATLAB仿真环境中收到Rician衰落信道。收到了嘈杂的符号转换来生成基于小波分解技术的小波系数。提出的多状态去噪技术预测实际的细节系数从接收到的噪声系数。传输信号重构的预测小波系数根据分解技术。多状态信号的误比特率(BER)性能和加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)通过Rician通道计算和图形显示。 The M-ary signal is also used in antenna diversity environment to obtain better BER performance. The simulation study reveals that the proposed technique provides better BER performance of M-ary signal for a multipath fading channel, depending on the weighting control variables. The PDR of the 16-WAM symbol through an AWGN channel for traditional denoising technique is approximately 82.5% at<年代vg height="14.75" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:67.987503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 67.987503 14.75" width="67.987503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.41,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.3,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-35.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>dB。拟议的技术提供了PDR价值17.3%的相同的符号通过相同的频道在同一的价值<年代vg height="14.75" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:40.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 40.787498 14.75" width="40.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.41,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.3,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。因此该技术提供了出色的误码性能随着天线分集技术,可用于陆地移动电话系统在3 g或4 g或WiMAX物理层传输质量更好噪音免费的音频或视频信号在非常高的数据率。</p><p>本文的组织如下。节<一个href=”#sec2">2</一个>,讨论了多径衰落信道的建模描述无线信道。讨论了离散小波变换技术部分<一个href=”#sec3">3</一个>生成的小波系数16-QAM通过衰落信道调制符号,和小波重建也在这一节中讨论。讨论了传统去噪及其复杂性M-ay部分<一个href=”#sec4">4</一个>。多状态符号及其应用在无线信号处理提出了部分<一个href=”#sec5">5</一个>和<一个href=”#sec6">6</一个>。仿真研究的结果部分所示<一个href=”#sec7">7</一个>。最后,结论部分的工作是绘制<一个href=”#sec8">8</一个>。</p><h4我d="modeling-of-wireless-channel">2。无线信道建模</h4><p>一个QAM信号带通<年代vg height="13.45" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:22.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.299999 13.45" width="22.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.5013199" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.578258" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>对应传输基带信号<年代vg height="14.6" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:32.612499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.612499 14.6" width="32.612499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.07,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.2,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.6" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:32.612499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.612499 14.6" width="32.612499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.07,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.2,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>与角频率<年代vg height="11.3375" id="M7" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:17.950001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.950001 11.3375" width="17.950001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.93)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,63.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>可以表示为(<一个href=”#B1">19</一个>]<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq1"> <svg height="18.4625" id="M8" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 18.4625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.39,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.576818" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.740317" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.653756" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.293089" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.333477" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.286106" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.449604" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.363045" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.614544" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.58,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.007408" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="20.864767" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="24.496847" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="27.236223" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.23,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="218.89" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="223.0535" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.30499" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>信号的结果(<一个href=”#EEq1">1</一个>)通过直接传播和反射路径发射机和接收机之间出现如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>。反射路径的延时信号接收器,每个路径发生散射和散射和反射组件结合本地接收机,这种现象被称为多径衰落。如果图的直接路径<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>缺席,那么nonline-of-sight(仿真结果路径的特点是瑞利分布,和视距(LOS)传播路径的特点是Rician分布。</p><div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig1"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.001" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.001.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图1</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> Rician衰落信道。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>载波频率从实际的转移是由于相对运动的发射机或接收机或两者兼而有之。结果是由接收信号频率<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq2"> <svg height="15.75" id="M9" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 15.75" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.28,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.22,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.76,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.73,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.39,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.67,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.35,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="234.77" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="238.9335" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="245.185" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="14.6" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:15.9px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.9 14.6" width="15.9" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>多普勒频移和被定义为<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq3"> <svg height="29.637501" id="M11" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 29.637501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,29.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.46,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.4,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.55,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.82" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 196.15,60.42 6.76,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.15,48.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.96" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.34" y="-8.75"> ×</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.193085" y="-8.75"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.744415" y="-8.75"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.995914" y="-8.75"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.947582" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.01202" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="277.97" y="-8.75"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="282.13348" y="-8.75"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="288.38501" y="-8.75"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="10.8125" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:8.5749998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.5749998 10.8125" width="8.5749998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是波长,<年代vg height="7.4250002" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.0375004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0375004 7.4250002" width="8.0375004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>车辆速度,<年代vg height="13.425" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:10.2px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.2 13.425" width="10.2" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>波到达方向之间的角度和车辆的运动。由于多普勒频移的影响,将调制信号(<一个href=”#B2">20.</一个>]<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq4"> <svg height="19.387501" id="M15" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.387501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.49)"> <g> <path d="m 94.59,69.5 5.5,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,94.59,61.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.576818" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.740317" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.653756" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.293089" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.333477" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.609985" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.77,66.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.34,61.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.219999" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.551332" y="0"> x</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.802832" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.08" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.943668" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.195168" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.784489" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.07,57.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.75,61.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.9200001" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.360001" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.85" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.802628" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.966127" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.879566" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.131065" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.6824" y="0"> x</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.933899" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.209999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.073669" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.325165" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.91449" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,302.62,57.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,307.18,61.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.9200001" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.85" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="166.94" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="171.1035" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="177.355" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>接收到的信号的叠加<年代vg height="10.325" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8375 10.325" width="14.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>路径可以写成<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq5"> <svg height="50.662498" id="M17" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 50.662498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,50.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-31.47)"> <g> <path d="m 92.92,56.22 5.5,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,92.92,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.576818" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.740317" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.653756" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.293089" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.22,63.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,128.26,41.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,128.78,34.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.5,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.77,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.02,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.58,52.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.9296479" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.1,50.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.56,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.939999" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.799999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.551332" y="0"> x</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.802832" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.142332" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.006001" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.2575" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.29,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8440642" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.16,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.44,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,270.01,45.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.619105" y="-2.52"> ×</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.39669" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.36182" y="-2.52"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.525322" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.438759" y="-2.52"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.690262" y="-2.52"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="204.11" y="-2.52"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="208.2735" y="-2.52"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="214.52499" y="-2.52"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在那里,<年代vg height="14.725" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:116.9625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 116.9625 14.725" width="116.9625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.22)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-51.64,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.517902" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.993736" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.757858" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.009361" y="0"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.560692" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.812191" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.839359" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,16.27,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="11.05" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:14.525px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.525 11.05" width="14.525" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.5875" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:14.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8625 14.5875" width="14.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.4,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>衰减因子和载体阶段。衰落路径延迟<年代vg height="14.825" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:61.25px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 61.25 14.825" width="61.25" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.55,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.83,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-37.58,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-32.34,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,在那里<年代vg height="14.825" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:15.7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.7 14.825" width="15.7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.825)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>传播路径长度和<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.3874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.3874998 7.1875" width="7.3874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>光的速度。接收到的信号可以书面形式<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq6"> <svg height="50.662498" id="M25" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 50.662498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,50.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-31.47)"> <g> <path d="m 78.17,56.22 5.5,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,78.17,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.576818" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.740317" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.653756" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.293089" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.47,63.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,113.51,41.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,114.03,34.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,131.75,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,138.02,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,143.26,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,148.83,52.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.9208961" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.34,50.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.81,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.939999" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.790001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.551332" y="0"> x</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.802832" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.129829" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.993498" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.244997" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.54,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8440642" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.41,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.69,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.26,45.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.369999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.619105" y="-2.52"> ×</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.39669" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.220001" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.909103" y="-2.52"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.249325" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,322.28,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,327.52,45.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.52"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="146.60001" y="-2.52"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="150.7635" y="-2.52"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="157.015" y="-2.52"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>接收到的信号可以写成<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq7"> <svg height="36.737499" id="M26" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 36.737499" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,36.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-42.61)"> <g> <path d="m 126.83,62.56 5.5,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.83,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.34" y="7.6999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.576818" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.740317" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.653756" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.293089" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.17,68.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∞</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.25" y="25.530001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.74512" y="25.530001"> ∞</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.6,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.2897291" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.453228" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.854765" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.068516" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.981955" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.92112" y="0"> ×</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.698704" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.288025" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.451527" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.140633" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.48085" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.882385" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.133888" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="95.785484" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.18702" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="289.51999" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="293.6835" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="299.935" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq8"> <svg height="107.9375" id="M27" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 107.9375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,107.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,14.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,77.81,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.2897291" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.453228" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.854765" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.068516" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.981955" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.608784" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,130.43,63.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.47,41.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.99,34.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.71,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.98,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.31,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.16" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.950001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.639999" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.278186" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.679722" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.931223" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.482553" y="0"> x</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.734055" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.489998" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.741501" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.343323" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.6,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8440642" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.68,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,264.09,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,271.41,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.016103" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.356323" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,304.32,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,311.65,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-148.87" y="38.599998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.278186" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.679722" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.85" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.701405" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-168.03" y="36.09"> ×</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-157.25241" y="36.09"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-143.02" y="36.09"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-133.8428" y="36.09"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-122.50258" y="36.09"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.55,8.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.88,11.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.24" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.18" y="0.0099999998"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-132.27" y="22.290001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-124.69318" y="22.290001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-120.52969" y="22.290001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-113.84058" y="22.290001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-102.48785" y="22.290001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-96.086319" y="22.290001"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-88.459488" y="22.290001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-76.419098" y="22.290001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-65.453964" y="22.290001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-61.29047" y="22.290001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-54.601364" y="22.290001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-43.261143" y="22.290001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-36.859608" y="22.290001"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-29.920443" y="22.290001"> ×</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-17.054855" y="22.290001"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-11.503523" y="22.290001"> x</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-5.2520232" y="22.290001"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.0874779" y="22.290001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9511452" y="22.290001"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.202645" y="22.290001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.804468" y="22.290001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.63,-13.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.2,-10.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.913439" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="237.92" y="-36.25"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.0835" y="-36.25"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="248.33499" y="-36.25"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>因此,<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:44.337502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 44.337502 14.7125" width="44.337502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.43,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.278186" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.679722" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>th设置复杂的路径,<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:29.975px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 29.975 14.7125" width="29.975" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.55,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.31,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>多余的延迟吗<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>th路径,<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9875002 10.7375" width="7.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(<年代vg height="5.0124998" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:4.5999999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.5999999 5.0124998" width="4.5999999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,5.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-67.99)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,68.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⋅</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)是δ函数。Rician通道,衰落过程可以书面形式(<一个href=”#B3">21</一个>]<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq9"> <svg height="50.787498" id="M34" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 50.787498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,50.7875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-31.37)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,77.78,47.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,84.06,44.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,92.77,47.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="0.27000001"> √</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 116.41,59 14.55,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,116.41,47.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Ω</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.72,44.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.04,37.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.959999" y="-18.969999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.24,53.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 142.5,50.64 46.48,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.5,34.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> √</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 154.1,46.52 34.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.1,35.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.88,32.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.8619039" y="0"> k</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.39,35.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.559999" y="-11.88"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.91" y="-3.4100001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 217.75,70.71 38.35,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.13,56.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.91,53.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.570816" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 218.95,50.64 35.96,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.95,38.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.72,35.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.570816" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.31,38.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.57" y="-8.75"> ×</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.347588" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,275.23,52.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.318944" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.007408" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,296.1,50.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="3.3260641" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="4.8890638" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,304.88,52.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7393761" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7344961" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,318.2,50.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,322.08,52.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.5,37.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.34" y="-9.7299995"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="148.62" y="-9.7299995"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.78349" y="-9.7299995"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="159.035" y="-9.7299995"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="14.475" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.25px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.25 14.475" width="18.25" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.17,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.853152" y="0"> k</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是Rician<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M36" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的因素<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M37" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:6.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 6.5 7.0124998" width="6.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>th路径,<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M38" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:18.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.299999 14.7125" width="18.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Ω</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.65,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>平均包络功率吗<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>路径。接收到的复杂信号包含大量的面波在(<一个href=”#EEq7">7</一个>)和接收到的复杂的信封可以写成<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq10"> <svg height="17.75" id="M40" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 17.75" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.8)"> <g> <path d="m 152.37,70.71 5.51,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.37,62.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.576818" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.740317" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.653756" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.293089" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.333477" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.21,59.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.78,62.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.016103" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.356323" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.219992" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.51,59.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.93,62.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.315935" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="220.94" y="0.0099999998"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="225.1035" y="0.0099999998"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="231.355" y="0.0099999998"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="237.60651" y="0.0099999998"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在这里,<年代vg height="14.6" id="M41" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:29.1625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 29.1625 14.6" width="29.1625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.45,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.96,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="16.262501" id="M42" style="vertical-align:-4.46928pt;width:31.475px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 31.475 16.262501" width="31.475" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.99)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.45,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.12,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>高斯随机过程有非零的意思吗<年代vg height="14.6" id="M43" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:33.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.375 14.6" width="33.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.07,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.59,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="16.262501" id="M44" style="vertical-align:-4.46928pt;width:35.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.6875 16.262501" width="35.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.99)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.07,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.74,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,分别。如果随机变量<年代vg height="14.6" id="M45" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:29.1625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 29.1625 14.6" width="29.1625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.45,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.96,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="16.262501" id="M46" style="vertical-align:-4.46928pt;width:31.475px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 31.475 16.262501" width="31.475" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.99)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.45,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.12,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>有相同的方差<年代vg height="7.0124998" id="M47" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:6.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 6.5 7.0124998" width="6.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,那么收到复包络Rician分布的形式(<一个href=”#B4">22</一个>]<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq11"> <svg height="38.575001" id="M48" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 38.575001" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,38.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-41.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,94.02,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.970001" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.2019682" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.365467" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.866787" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.493616" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 132.76,56.57 9.97,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.76,44.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.86,47.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.71,53.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.080002" y="7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.43" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.080002" y="7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.66" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ×</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.853084" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.404415" y="0"> x</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.655916" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.87,65.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.52,60.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.1,65.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 209.37,56.57 35.61,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.06,44.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.41,47.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.17,46.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.51" y="-7.3299999"> ×</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.287586" y="-7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,281.46,50.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.42,48.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5600004" y="-12.17"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.798997" y="-12.17"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 296.98,56.57 11.74,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,297.86,44.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,302.96,47.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,309.92,48.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6800003" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="157.95" y="-4.9200001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="162.11349" y="-4.9200001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="168.36501" y="-4.9200001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="174.6165" y="-4.9200001"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在这里,<年代vg height="7.375" id="M49" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:7.9250002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9250002 7.375" width="7.9250002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>直接信号振幅和吗<年代vg height="14.75" id="M50" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:31.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 31.875 14.75" width="31.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.95,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.07,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.364987" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是第一类零阶贝塞尔函数修改和定义是<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq12"> <svg height="45.049999" id="M51" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 45.049999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,45.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-35.96)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,120.34,52.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.34,48.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.3,52.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.040001" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.364987" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.991817" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 164.53,55.13 13.86,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.53,43.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.139999" y="-1.0599999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.67,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.25" y="25.52"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.95,52.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.51,57.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.7938242" y="0"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.6797123" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="14.055712" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="18.921824" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.52,52.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.540001" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.666498" y="0"> ≈</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,276.62,64.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 260.43,55.13 31.66,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.43,39.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> √</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 272.03,51.01 20.06,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,272.03,39.71)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.853324" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.26" y="-12.3"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="195.84" y="-12.3"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="200.00349" y="-12.3"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="206.255" y="-12.3"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="212.5065" y="-12.3"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>Rician分布如图接收的信号<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>。</p><div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig2"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.002" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.002.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图2</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> pdf Rician通道和射频代表Rician因素。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="wavelet-transform-algorithm">3所示。小波变换算法</h4><p>小波变换通过分解提供了信号的时频表示通过时域信号通过各种高通和低通滤波器。每个过滤器使输出信号不同频带。分解后的小波系数过程可用于进一步处理来获得所需的信号水平。</p><p>系数是规模和地位和功能是求和信号时间乘以规模和移位的版本的小波函数(<年代vg height="9.875" id="M52" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:11.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.8625 9.875" width="11.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)。过滤技术是用来表示时间尺度表示当信号通过滤波器的特性改变了upsampling和将采样操作。将采样操作的一些样品的信号被删除和upsampling添加一些新样品。小波变换系数是计算一组,每个系数输入函数的内积<年代vg height="13.6125" id="M53" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:24.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.1 13.6125" width="24.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.016103" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和基本小波<年代vg height="9.875" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:11.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.8625 9.875" width="11.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(<一个href=”#B5">23</一个>]:<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq13"> <svg height="36.737499" id="M55" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 36.737499" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,36.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-42.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,77.87,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="104.32" y="7.6999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.8893929" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.052892" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.916559" y="0"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.467892" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.019222" y="0"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.495056" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.046391" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.335636" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.587139" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.838638" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.702305" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.178139" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.653976" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.129807" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.38131" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.632805" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.272141" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.19,68.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> ∞</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.25" y="25.530001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.74512" y="25.530001"> ∞</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.87,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.515023" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.678522" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.591961" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.84346" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.321217" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.484715" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.348381" y="0"> c</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.899712" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.451046" y="0"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.92688" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.47821" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.767464" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.018959" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="85.270462" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.134125" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.609962" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="97.085793" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="100.56163" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.81313" y="0"> n</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="113.06463" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="119.31613" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="125.96773" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="129.88116" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="262" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="266.16351" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="272.41501" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="278.6665" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>连续小波变换定义(<一个href=”#B6">16</一个>):<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq14"> <svg height="36.737499" id="M56" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 36.737499" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,36.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-42.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,135.89,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.099998" y="7.6999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.8893929" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.052892" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.329397" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.54315" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.419559" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.046391" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.99,68.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∞</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.25" y="25.530001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.74512" y="25.530001"> ∞</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.42,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.515023" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.678522" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.591961" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 232.27,65.5 34.9,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.27,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,241.66,51.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3935041" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.5815039" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.93,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.240437" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.892033" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.805471" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="212.94" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="217.1035" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="223.355" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.60651" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M57" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.1750002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M58" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.4749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.4749999 10.7375" width="7.4749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>代表的规模和位置,<年代vg height="9.875" id="M59" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:11.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.8625 9.875" width="11.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg><sub>a、b</年代ub>被定义为<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq15"> <svg height="30.725" id="M60" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 30.725" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,30.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-47.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.71,56.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.1,53.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3935041" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.5815039" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.38,56.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.703768" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.744158" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.244757" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.521263" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.41,61.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.37112" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.804176" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.09,56.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.47" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.030001" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.719105" y="-7.25"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.059326" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 239.12,59.47 23.91,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.94,47.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.290001" y="-3.8399999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.969999" y="-8.7600002"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219.92999" y="-8.7600002"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.09351" y="-8.7600002"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="230.345" y="-8.7600002"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.5965" y="-8.7600002"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>转换成为<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq16"> <svg height="39.162498" id="M61" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 39.162498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,39.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-40.67)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,111.45,52.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.8893929" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.052892" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.329397" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.54315" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.419559" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.058891" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.086777" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.587379" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.863884" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.83,57.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.37112" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.804176" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.59,44.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.59,66.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∞</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.25" y="25.530001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.74512" y="25.530001"> ∞</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.02,52.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.515023" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.678522" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.591961" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 238.87,70.71 52.74,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.87,52.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.47" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.030001" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.719105" y="-7.25"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.059326" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 258.9,55.35 23.91,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,267.72,43.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.290001" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.889999" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.541595" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.455036" y="-8.75"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="200.14999" y="-8.75"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="204.31349" y="-8.75"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="210.565" y="-8.75"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="216.8165" y="-8.75"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>离散小波变换可以用来重建原始信号<年代vg height="13.6125" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:24.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.1 13.6125" width="24.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.016103" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的小波系数(<一个href=”#B7">17</一个>):<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq17"> <svg height="39.212502" id="M63" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 39.212502" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,39.2125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-40.63)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,92.87,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.470001" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.515023" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.678522" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.591961" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.231295" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 132.34,57.28 12.26,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.34,45.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.53,42.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.8,46.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.77,68.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∞</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="25.530001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="25.530001"> ∞</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.37,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.5006001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.7771063" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.65,59.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.37112" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.804176" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.33,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.47" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.030001" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.719105" y="-7.25"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.059326" y="-7.25"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 220.36,57.28 23.91,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.18,45.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.290001" y="-3.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.969999" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.859394" y="-8.75"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.022892" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.299397" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.513149" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.389561" y="-8.75"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.84" y="-16"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.491592" y="-16"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.443504" y="-16"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="84.0951" y="-16"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 292.02,57.28 27.54,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,300.21,45.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,306.49,48.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,320.76,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="147.11" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="151.2735" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="157.52499" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="163.7765" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在那里,<年代vg height="21.3125" id="M64" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:166.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 166.5 21.3125" width="166.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.3125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-54.95)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.76,56.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.22,59.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.98" y="0.029999999"> ∫</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-22.54,66.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∞</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.25" y="11.46"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.74512" y="11.46"> ∞</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-10.19,59.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.8518839" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6640992" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.041349" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.204847" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.968971" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.132469" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,23.45,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,28.33,59.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.9764342" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.740557" y="0"> |</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.241157" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.404655" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.056252" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。</p><p>这个家庭<年代vg height="18.6875" id="M65" style="vertical-align:-6.36533pt;width:79.612503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 79.612503 18.6875" width="79.612503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> {</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.00144" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.56,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3935041" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.5815039" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-45.37,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> }</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39.36,58.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.30792" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.4959202" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.60936" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.523775" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="22.518896" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-12.48,61.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的函数<年代vg height="9.875" id="M66" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:11.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.8625 9.875" width="11.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是一组标准正交基的空间<年代vg height="16.5375" id="M67" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:39.262501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 39.262501 16.5375" width="39.262501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.77)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.22,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.415719" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>有限的能量信号的多分辨率分析(MRA)<年代vg height="16.5375" id="M68" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:39.262501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 39.262501 16.5375" width="39.262501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.77)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.1,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.22,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.415719" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是一个封闭的序列<年代vg height="19.299999" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-6.8569pt;width:47.474998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 47.474998 19.299999" width="47.474998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.3)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.56)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> {</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.00144" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.76,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.33,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> }</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.33,58.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(<一个href=”#B8">18</一个>]<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq18"> <svg height="15.75" id="M70" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 15.75" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,78.85,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⋯</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.12911" y="0"> ⊂</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.169498" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.21,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.56,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⊂</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.79,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,151.13,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⊂</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.36,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.71,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⊂</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.94,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.28,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⊂</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.51,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.85,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⊂</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,259.08,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.42,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⊂</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.65,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,306.99,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⊂</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.115887" y="0"> ⋯</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.781666" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="160.88" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="165.0435" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="171.295" y="0"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="177.54649" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>详细的空间<年代vg height="19.299999" id="M71" style="vertical-align:-6.8569pt;width:52.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 52.8125 19.299999" width="52.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.3)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.56)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> {</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.00144" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.5,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-50.07,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> }</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.07,58.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>相关的近似空间,然后呢<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M72" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:19.975px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.975 16.2875" width="19.975" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.5,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>正交补的<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M73" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:14.65px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.65 16.2875" width="14.65" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:26.950001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.950001 16.2875" width="26.950001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>作为<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq19"> <svg height="17.012501" id="M75" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 17.012501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.07,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.26,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.01,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.24,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.44,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⊕</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.303192" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.2,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.59,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> f</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.7759061" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.027406" y="0"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.341902" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.681402" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.72179" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.960789" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="238.28" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.4435" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="248.69499" y="0"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="254.9465" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>扩展函数<年代vg height="9.875" id="M76" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:10.5375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.5375 9.875" width="10.5375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>与<年代vg height="9.875" id="M77" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:11.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.8625 9.875" width="11.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>家庭的,整数翻译<年代vg height="17.549999" id="M78" style="vertical-align:-5.45242pt;width:58.587502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 58.587502 17.549999" width="58.587502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.96)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> {</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.00144" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.62,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.5925279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-46.79,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> }</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-40.79,58.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的<年代vg height="9.875" id="M79" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:10.5375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.5375 9.875" width="10.5375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>生成<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M80" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:14.65px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.65 16.2875" width="14.65" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。同样,家庭的整数翻译<年代vg height="17.549999" id="M81" style="vertical-align:-5.45242pt;width:59.912498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 59.912498 17.549999" width="59.912498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.96)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> {</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.00144" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.56,60.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.5925279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-45.72,63.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> }</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39.72,58.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的<年代vg height="9.875" id="M82" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:11.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.8625 9.875" width="11.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>生成<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M83" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:19.975px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.975 16.2875" width="19.975" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.5,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。通过替换<年代vg height="12.675" id="M84" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:7.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.1374998 12.675" width="7.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>通过<年代vg height="13.6125" id="M85" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:31.674999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 31.674999 13.6125" width="31.674999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.979553" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,我们可以分解<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M86" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:14.65px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.65 16.2875" width="14.65" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>为它的组件<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq20"> <svg height="45.125" id="M87" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 45.125" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,45.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-35.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,122.43,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,129.62,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.52,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.75,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.4,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.2,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.85,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.65,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.3,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> ⋯</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.781666" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.121887" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,275.88,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.52,40.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.92,37.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.97,40.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.76,37.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.04,40.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="252.83" y="-10.11"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="256.9935" y="-10.11"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="263.245" y="-10.11"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="269.49649" y="-10.11"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M88" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:26.950001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.950001 16.2875" width="26.950001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M89" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:32.287498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.287498 16.2875" width="32.287498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.5,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>可以写成(<一个href=”#B7">17</一个>]<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq21"> <svg height="82.737503" id="M90" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 82.737503" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,82.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-5.81)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.72,59.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,140.91,56.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.66,59.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="6.5500002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.22,46.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.94,59.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.21,65.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.79"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.49,59.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.41" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.26" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232,64.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.27,59.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.780001" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.720001" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-115.01" y="37.529999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.71,19.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.46,22.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="6.5500002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.02,8.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> ∈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.74,22.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.61,28.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.79"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.89,22.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.47" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.32" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.46,27.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,248.74,22.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.77" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.709999" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219.13" y="-13.55"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="223.2935" y="-13.55"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.545" y="-13.55"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.79649" y="-13.55"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>与<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="eq1"> <svg height="39.337502" id="M91" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 39.337502" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,39.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-40.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,99.71,49.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.59,55.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.78"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.33,49.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.24" y="-11.09"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.84,66.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.86"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="10.86"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.24,60.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.86,66.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.86"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="10.86"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.1195841" y="10.86"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="15.114704" y="10.86"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 136.57,52.46 56.28,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.58,40.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.470001" y="-8.75"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.588528" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.46,55.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.78"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,243.2,49.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.24" y="-11.09"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,262.71,66.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.86"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="10.86"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,275.11,60.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.73,66.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.86"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="10.86"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.1195841" y="10.86"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="15.114704" y="10.86"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 256.44,52.46 56.28,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,281.45,40.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.459999" y="-8.75"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="186.42" y="-8.75"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="190.5835" y="-8.75"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="196.83499" y="-8.75"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="203.0865" y="-8.75"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>让我们考虑两个离散的过滤器<年代vg height="10.325" id="M92" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:15.175px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.175 10.325" width="15.175" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="10.325" id="M93" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:11.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1875 10.325" width="11.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>脉冲响应,<年代vg height="13.5625" id="M94" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:96.099998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 96.099998 13.5625" width="96.099998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.5625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.677562" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.717951" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.881451" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.446007" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.697506" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.17334" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.424839" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.638592" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.890091" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.365921" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.617424" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="13.45" id="M95" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:81.349998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 81.349998 13.45" width="81.349998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4392848" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.479673" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.643173" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.894672" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.370506" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.622005" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.835758" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.087257" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.563091" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.81459" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。</p><p>现在让我们定义以下方程:<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq22"> <svg height="116.775" id="M96" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 116.775" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,116.775)"> <g transform="translate(72,21.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,74.69,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.480394" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,101.33,44.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.05,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.181282" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.508518" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.785027" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156,44.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.72,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.64,63.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.75,41.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.94,33.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.99,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.2897291" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.453228" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.067076" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.318575" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.59,44.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="15.114704" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="21.109823" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.6,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.799999" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 277.4,50.74 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,277.4,38.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,291.12,44.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,299.14,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 311.68,50.74 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,311.68,38.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.41,44.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,341.02,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-257.34" y="51.150002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-248.49001" y="51.139999"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-244.32651" y="51.139999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-238.04999" y="51.139999"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,107.14,-6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.85,-3.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="-0.0099999998"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203499" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.955118" y="-0.0099999998"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.269855" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.54636" y="-0.0099999998"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,158.56,-6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.28,-3.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.21,12.42)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.32,-10.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.51,-17.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.55,-3.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3099999" y="-0.0099999998"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.473499" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.087345" y="-0.0099999998"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.338846" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.17,-6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="15.114704" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="21.109823" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.18,-3.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 268.41,-0.4 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.41,-12.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,282.13,-6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,290.15,-3.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 302.69,-0.4 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,302.69,-12.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,316.42,-6.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,332.03,-3.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="135.84" y="-25.690001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="140.00349" y="-25.690001"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="146.255" y="-25.690001"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.5065" y="-25.690001"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>现在,取代<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M97" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>通过<年代vg height="11.325" id="M98" style="vertical-align:-0.51414pt;width:34.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.0625 11.325" width="34.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.94)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.5522919" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.892513" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,那么我们就有<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq23"> <svg height="156.02499" id="M99" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 156.02499" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,156.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,52.82)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,151.75,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.467892" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.39,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.11,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 200.34,59.37 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.34,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.06,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.09,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.53" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 234.62,59.37 6.26,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.62,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.7600002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,248.35,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,263.96,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-110.62" y="33.43"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-101.76788" y="33.43"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-97.604378" y="33.43"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-91.327873" y="33.43"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.8,19.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.51,22.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.24" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 198.75,25.95 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.75,14.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4400001" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.47,19.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.49,22.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 233.03,25.95 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.03,14.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.75,19.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,262.37,22.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-117.19" y="33.419998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-105.14961" y="33.419998"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-100.98611" y="33.419998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-94.709602" y="33.419998"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.83,-13.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,184.92,-10.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 198.15,-7.47 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.15,-19.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.88,-13.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.27,-10.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 236.81,-7.47 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.81,-19.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.54,-13.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.1195841" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="15.114704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,270.52,-10.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-123.74" y="33.419998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-114.88788" y="33.419998"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-110.72438" y="33.419998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-104.44787" y="33.419998"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.23,-47.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.33,-44.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.23" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 196.56,-40.9 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.56,-52.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.28,-47.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.68,-44.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 235.22,-40.9 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.22,-52.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4400001" y="-8.75"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,248.94,-47.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.1195841" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="15.114704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.93,-44.02)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="198.94" y="-50.48"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="203.1035" y="-50.48"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="209.355" y="-50.48"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="215.60651" y="-50.48"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>奇怪的系数称为将采样的丢弃,分解算法如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig3/" target="_blank">3</一个>。</p><div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig3"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig3"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.003" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.003.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图3</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="13.275" id="M100" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.5 13.275" width="13.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.275)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.38)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,66.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="12.9125" id="M101" style="vertical-align:-1.95624pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.45 12.9125" width="12.45" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.67)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ↓</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> 分解与将采样由2。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>同样,重建<年代vg height="13.275" id="M102" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:13.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.5 13.275" width="13.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.275)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.38)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,66.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>可以写成<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq24"> <svg height="56.762501" id="M103" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 56.762501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,56.7625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-26.59)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,121.53,46.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,127.81,52.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.79"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,135.71,46.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="-12.07"> ⎧</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="-6.9400001"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="3.1900001"> ⎨</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="13.32"> ⎪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="18.379999"> ⎩</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.040001" y="-13.73"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.03,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.78"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.08,59.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.3,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.78"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.57,59.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-54.82" y="28.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.62875" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.104584" y="0"> f</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.431581" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.883369" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.923759" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.175259" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.951885" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.03,37.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.78"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.08,31.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,196.3,37.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.78"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.57,31.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.62875" y="0"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.104584" y="0"> f</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.431581" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.883369" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.923759" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.175259" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.727551" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.067772" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.319275" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="257.29999" y="-14.78"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="261.4635" y="-14.78"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="267.715" y="-14.78"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="273.96649" y="-14.78"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>现在,考虑相同的离散过滤器<年代vg height="15.025" id="M104" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:15.175px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.175 15.025" width="15.175" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.98)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-69.43,62.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-2.52" y="2.54"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="15.025" id="M105" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:11.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1875 15.025" width="11.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.98)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.04,62.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-0.91000003" y="2.54"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>与脉冲响应<年代vg height="18.25" id="M106" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:71.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 71.787498 18.25" width="71.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.25)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-72.38,62.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0.43000001" y="2.9100001"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.107562" y="2.9100001"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.147951" y="2.9100001"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.311449" y="2.9100001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.56295" y="2.9100001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.776703" y="2.9100001"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.341255" y="2.9100001"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.592754" y="2.9100001"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.275" id="M107" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:57.349998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 57.349998 16.275" width="57.349998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.275)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.98)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.96,63.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ̃</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-4.9899998" y="2.72"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.6993451" y="2.72"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.739734" y="2.72"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.903233" y="2.72"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.154734" y="2.72"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.368484" y="2.72"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.619984" y="2.72"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,我们有<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="eq2"> <svg height="29.625" id="M108" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 29.625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,29.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-48.3)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,88.54,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9400001" y="-7.8299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.950001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3600001" y="-4.9200001"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.349897" y="-4.9200001"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.664633" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,129.09,48.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.8,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.12,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.14,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.76,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.37,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.139999" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.98" y="-2.73"> ̃</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.59" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.99" y="-7.1054274e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.99168" y="-7.1054274e-015"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.306416" y="-7.1054274e-015"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,256.81,52.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.52,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,283.84,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,291.86,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,309.48,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.09,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="142.78" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="146.9435" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="153.19499" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="159.4465" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>奇怪的条目设置为0,<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq25"> <svg height="116.2375" id="M109" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 116.2375" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,116.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,20.99)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,124.28,42.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9400001" y="-7.8400002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.950001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3699999" y="-4.9200001"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.347395" y="-4.9200001"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.674631" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.84,39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.76,47.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="9.7299995"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.5" y="-13.61"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.53,58.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.15,61.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.193304" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.632589" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.672977" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.92448" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.701103" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-15.89" y="26.959999"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-7.3254452" y="26.959999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.1,31.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.71,34.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-89.620003" y="40.09"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-78.779999" y="34.849998"> ̃</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-61.57" y="40.09"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.62875" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.080538" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.108425" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.359924" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.924721" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.264938" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.516441" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-83.769997" y="37.580002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-76.768318" y="37.580002"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-67.453583" y="37.580002"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.99,-8.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.92,-3.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="9.7299995"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.49" y="-13.61"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.29,7.39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.91,10.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-15.5" y="26.959999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.616247" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.068035" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.108425" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.359924" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.136551" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.29,-19.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.91,-16.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.616247" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.068035" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.108425" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.359924" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.912216" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.252438" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.503937" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="253.96001" y="-38.82"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="258.1235" y="-38.82"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="264.375" y="-38.82"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="270.6265" y="-38.82"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>我们有,<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq26"> <svg height="52.575001" id="M110" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 52.575001" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,52.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-29.94)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,86.97,42.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9400001" y="-7.8400002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.959999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3699999" y="-4.9200001"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.359898" y="-4.9200001"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.674631" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,127.53,39)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.76,47.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.35" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.190001" y="-2.73"> ̃</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.400002" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.200001" y="-7.1054274e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.201679" y="-7.1054274e-015"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.516415" y="-7.1054274e-015"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.01,42.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.94,47.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.03" y="9.7299995"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.49" y="-13.61"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.7,58.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.1,61.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.32,58.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,256.94,61.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-45.509998" y="26.959999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.616247" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.068035" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.108425" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.359924" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.136551" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.3,31.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.7,34.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.32,31.36)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,256.94,34.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.616247" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.068035" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.108425" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.359924" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.912216" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.252438" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.503937" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="210.92999" y="-13.35"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="215.09351" y="-13.35"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="221.345" y="-13.35"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="227.5965" y="-13.35"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>现在,写<年代vg height="21.125" id="M111" style="vertical-align:-4.75626pt;width:65.074997px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 65.074997 21.125" width="65.074997" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,56.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.58,59.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.27,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.78"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="21.125" id="M112" style="vertical-align:-4.75626pt;width:64.074997px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 64.074997 21.125" width="64.074997" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.07,56.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-52.98,59.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-35.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.78"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,序列<年代vg height="11.05" id="M113" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:19.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.987499 11.05" width="19.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.5875" id="M114" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:19.487499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.487499 14.5875" width="19.487499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.07,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>被称为upsample和重建公式是:<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="eq3"> <svg height="20.725" id="M115" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 20.725" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,82.71,60.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,88.99,65.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,96.89,60.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.95" y="-2.54"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.199997" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="85.050003" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.055622" y="0"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.307123" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.558624" y="0"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.422291" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.973621" y="0"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.675949" y="0"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.927448" y="0"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="67.403282" y="0"> e</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.21,65.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.49,57.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.66" y="-5.0500002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.489998" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="100.34" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.139999" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.343887" y="-2.51"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.595387" y="-2.51"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.846889" y="-2.51"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.710556" y="-2.51"> 一个</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.261887" y="-2.51"> 米</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.964218" y="-2.51"> p</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.215714" y="-2.51"> l</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.691551" y="-2.51"> e</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,308.7,65.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,322.98,57.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="144.89" y="-2.51"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="149.0535" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="155.30499" y="-2.51"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="161.5565" y="-2.51"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>重建步骤如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>。</p><div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig4"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig4"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.004" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.004.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图4</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig4/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 小波重建。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>多分辨率分析分析不同频段的信号,使观察信号在时域和频域。多分辨率分析的三个水平<年代vg height="13.275" id="M116" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:13.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.5 13.275" width="13.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.275)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.38)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,66.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig5/" target="_blank">5</一个>。</p><div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig5"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig5"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.005" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.005.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图5</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig5/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 小波多分辨率分析。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>分析了三个细节系数<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M117" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:25.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.049999 14.2375" width="25.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.88,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M118" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:25.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.049999 14.2375" width="25.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.88,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.3875" id="M119" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:25.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.049999 14.3875" width="25.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.88,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,近似系数<年代vg height="14.6125" id="M120" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:23.9125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.9125 14.6125" width="23.9125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.31)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.8,60.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。在这里<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M121" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:25.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.049999 14.2375" width="25.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.88,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>一半的分辨率吗<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M122" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:25.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.049999 14.2375" width="25.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.88,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.3875" id="M123" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:25.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.049999 14.3875" width="25.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.88,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>一半的分辨率吗<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M124" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:25.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.049999 14.2375" width="25.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.88,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。这些给信号的细节信息,以及三层多分辨率步骤可以写数学<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq27"> <svg height="164.3125" id="M125" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 164.3125" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,164.3125)"> <g transform="translate(72,59.45)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,47.87,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,63.13,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.48,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.03" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.889999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.568281" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.895519" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.65,66.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.08,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3299999" y="-2.51"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.119129" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.808954" y="-2.51"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.836842" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.088341" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.864967" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-75.209999" y="21.83"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-70.021255" y="21.83"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,63.13,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.48,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.655676" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.98" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.76865" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.619999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.310783" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.625519" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.39,41.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,148.82,34.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.709999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3199997" y="-2.51"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.109129" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.798954" y="-2.51"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.839344" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.090843" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.86747" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.156719" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.40918" y="-2.51"> ≥</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.44957" y="-2.51"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.970001" y="-2.51"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.75913" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="111.44895" y="-2.51"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="123.48934" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="129.74084" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.51747" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-100.95" y="21.84"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-95.761253" y="21.84"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,63.13,9.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.48,12.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.98" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.655676" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.169998" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.797791" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.119999" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.908646" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.760002" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="85.450783" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.765518" y="0"> 一个</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.8,17.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.23,9.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.709999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="174.44" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="185.10001" y="-2.51"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3199997" y="-2.51"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.121632" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.798954" y="-2.51"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.839344" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.090843" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.86747" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.16922" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.40918" y="-2.51"> ≥</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.44957" y="-2.51"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.970001" y="-2.51"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.75913" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="111.44895" y="-2.51"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="123.48934" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="129.74084" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.51747" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="145.89471" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="156.14719" y="-2.51"> ≥</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="168.17506" y="-2.51"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="142.83" y="19.77"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.50732" y="19.77"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="164.54771" y="19.77"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="170.79921" y="19.77"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="177.57584" y="19.77"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-127.25" y="43.299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-122.06126" y="43.299999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,63.13,-36.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.48,-33.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.98" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.655676" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.169998" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.797791" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.119999" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.908646" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.760002" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.387787" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.702522" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.46,-28.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.89,-35.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.709999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="172.36" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="183.02" y="-2.51"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3299999" y="-2.51"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.119129" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.808954" y="-2.51"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.849342" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.100842" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.877468" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.166718" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.419174" y="-2.51"> ≥</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.447067" y="-2.51"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.970001" y="-2.51"> ∣</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.77163" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="111.44895" y="-2.51"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="123.48934" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="129.74084" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.51747" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="143.80672" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="154.05917" y="-2.51"> ≥</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="166.09956" y="-2.51"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="148.16" y="19.77"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="157.83733" y="19.77"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="169.87772" y="19.77"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="176.12921" y="19.77"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="182.90584" y="19.77"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="292.98001" y="-39.029999"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="297.14349" y="-39.029999"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="303.39499" y="-39.029999"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="309.64648" y="-39.029999"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="12.3" id="M126" style="vertical-align:-1.29163pt;width:35.799999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.799999 12.3" width="35.799999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.3)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.239957" y="0"> ≥</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.280346" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在所有情况下。多分辨率小波重建算法如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig6/" target="_blank">6</一个>。</p><div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig6"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig6"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.006" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.006.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图6</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig6/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 多分辨率重建。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>多分辨率重建产生最后的三个细节(<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M127" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5625 14.2375" width="18.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.07,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M128" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5625 14.2375" width="18.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.07,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.3875" id="M129" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:18.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5625 14.3875" width="18.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.07,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)和近似<年代vg height="14.6125" id="M130" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:17.424999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.424999 14.6125" width="17.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.31)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.99,60.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。在数学上<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M131" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5625 14.2375" width="18.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.07,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M132" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5625 14.2375" width="18.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.07,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.3875" id="M133" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:18.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5625 14.3875" width="18.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.07,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.6125" id="M134" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:17.424999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.424999 14.6125" width="17.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.31)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.99,60.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>可以写成<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq31"> <svg height="149.08749" id="M135" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 149.08749" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,149.0875)"> <g transform="translate(72,47.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.71,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.59,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.94,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.03" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.92" y="-2.54"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.4" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.216057" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.606289" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.420902" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.60965" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.44,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,249.31,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6899996" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-117.13" y="27.110001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.06,22.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.41,25.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.290001" y="-2.53"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.27" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.550003" y="-2.53"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.77" y="3.5527137e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.586056" y="3.5527137e-015"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.988792" y="3.5527137e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.630001" y="3.5527137e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.345795" y="3.5527137e-015"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.748528" y="3.5527137e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="97.563141" y="3.5527137e-015"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.75188" y="3.5527137e-015"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,263.23,22.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.1,20.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.43" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-141.66" y="27.120001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6018238" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.32,-9.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.67,-6.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.03" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.290001" y="-2.54"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.27" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.150002" y="-2.54"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.260002" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.77" y="8.8817842e-016"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.586056" y="8.8817842e-016"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.988792" y="8.8817842e-016"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.230003" y="8.8817842e-016"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.945793" y="8.8817842e-016"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.120003" y="8.8817842e-016"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.93462" y="8.8817842e-016"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.12336" y="8.8817842e-016"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,261.75,-9.9)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,266.63,-9.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.639999" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-139.17999" y="29.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="2.4100001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.814651" y="2.4100001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.42,-41.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,144.76,-38.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.690001" y="-2.53"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.169998" y="4.9200001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.050003" y="-2.53"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="87.169998" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.780001" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.483288" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.886024" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.129997" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.845795" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.019997" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.83462" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="107.02336" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.75,-41.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.62,-41.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.639999" y="-2.52"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="2.4000001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.814651" y="2.4000001"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="202.25" y="-50.57"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="206.4135" y="-50.57"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="212.66499" y="-50.57"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="218.9165" y="-50.57"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="13.45" id="M136" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:37.162498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 37.162498 13.45" width="37.162498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.8146152" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.091121" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.25462" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.468611" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的upsample<年代vg height="13.45" id="M137" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:26.15px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.15 13.45" width="26.15" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2765059" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.440005" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.653996" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>定义为<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="eq4"> <svg height="15.75" id="M138" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 15.75" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,121.3,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.703048" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.866547" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.118048" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.107704" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.460426" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.711929" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.338757" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.37915" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.743652" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.90715" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.121147" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.372643" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="119.50368" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="128.46832" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="132.63182" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="138.88333" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="145.09732" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.72415" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="164.76454" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="171.01604" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="346.57001" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="350.73349" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="356.98499" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="363.23651" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>重构信号可以写成<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq35"> <svg height="21.012501" id="M139" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 21.012501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.19)"> <g> <path d="m 135.16,70.71 10.71,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,135.16,58.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.44,62.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.95,59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.37749" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.00432" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.044708" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.88,55.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.53,58.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,216.75,55.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.41,58.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.63,55.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.28,58.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.59,55.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,278.46,58.99)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="189.41" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="193.5735" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="199.825" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="206.07649" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <h4 id="problem-statement">4所示。问题陈述</h4><p>小波去噪是用来预测近似细节系数通过允许详细的系数之间的最小误差阈值的信号和原始。表示为一个嘈杂的随机信号<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq36"> <svg height="15.75" id="M140" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 15.75" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.5,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.2769861" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.440485" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.654476" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.29381" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.321693" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.911015" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.074516" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.288506" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.227673" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.580399" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.995155" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.158653" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.372643" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="100.62415" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="311.37" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="315.53351" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="321.785" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="328.0365" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="13.45" id="M141" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:25.174999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.174999 13.45" width="25.174999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.5013199" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.87881" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>原始信号和吗<年代vg height="13.45" id="M142" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:27.475px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.475 13.45" width="27.475" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3267579" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.490257" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.704248" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>噪声与均值为零。现在,分解的信号<年代vg height="13.55" id="M143" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:26.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.049999 13.55" width="26.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.201488" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.364987" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.578978" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>使用三层小波分解生成三个细节系数和近似系数。阈值应用于每一个细节系数允许吵闹的细节系数的实际值,如果大于阈值和力为零,在数学上可以写成(<一个href=”#B23">7</一个>]<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq37"> <svg height="52.575001" id="M144" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 52.575001" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,52.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-29.94)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.84,47.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,151.91,52.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.19" y="9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.2145281" y="9.1400003"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.4025278" y="9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.03,47.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="9.7299995"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.49" y="-13.61"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.4,58.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.5925279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.71,61.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≥</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.62,58.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.05,61.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-47.529999" y="26.959999"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-41.2785" y="26.959999"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-31.901251" y="26.959999"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-25.73727" y="26.959999"> t</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-22.173916" y="26.959999"> h</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-15.922416" y="26.959999"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-10.371084" y="26.959999"> r</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-5.9700279" y="26.959999"> w</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.057138" y="26.959999"> 我</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.5329719" y="26.959999"> 年代</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.396639" y="26.959999"> e</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.947971" y="26.959999"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="228.82001" y="13.61"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.98351" y="13.61"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="239.235" y="13.61"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="245.4865" y="13.61"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M145" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:14.25px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.25 16.2875" width="14.25" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的阈值水平<年代vg height="12.675" id="M146" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:12.35px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.35 12.675" width="12.35" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.78,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。在第一阶段的阈值可以选择通过寻找之间的误差最小噪声和原始信号的细节。之后,一个循环适用于每一层找到相应的阈值,给出了误差最小。噪声信号<年代vg height="13.55" id="M147" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:26.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.049999 13.55" width="26.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.201488" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.364987" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.578978" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>使用阈值水平运用到每一个细节系数在应用三个层次小波变换生成三个细节系数。最后信号再生使用小波重建技术。噪声信号的去噪的结果如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig7/" target="_blank">7</一个>。</p><div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig7"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig7"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.007" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.007.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图7</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig7/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="13.45" id="M148" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.299999 13.45" width="22.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.5013199" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.578258" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> 小波去噪的信号。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>在去噪技术,让细节系数a和b两个层次如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig8/" target="_blank">8(一个)</一个>。当噪声影响信号的最大和最小水平可能是由于转向增加噪音。阈值水平c用于允许系数等于b当噪声系数等于或大于c,和如果噪声系数小于等于c。如果系数有多级多状态调制信号,也就是说,两个水平之外的d和e a和b,那么去噪技术是无法重建原始信号,因为如果噪声系数小于c,那么技术力量系数等于一个而不是d如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig8/" target="_blank">8 (b)</一个>。</p><div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig8"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig8"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”235259。f我g.008a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.008a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”235259。f我g.008b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.008b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig8"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”235259。f我g.008a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.008a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”235259。f我g.008b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.008b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig8"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图8</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig8/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 小波系数和阈值水平。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="proposed-multilevel-denoising-technique">5。提出了多级去噪技术</h4><p>一个调制信号<年代vg height="13.45" id="M149" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:22.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.299999 13.45" width="22.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.5013199" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.578258" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(<年代vg height="13.4875" id="M150" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:65.3125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 65.3125 13.4875" width="65.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.9646511" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.005039" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.057213" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.397434" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.261101" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)是受噪声和干扰的影响<年代vg height="13.45" id="M151" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:23.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.1875 13.45" width="23.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.37749" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.290929" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(<年代vg height="13.6625" id="M152" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:89.4375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 89.4375 13.6625" width="89.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.07)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6773224" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.71771" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.282267" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-35.45,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-27.79,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-5.37,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="10.925" id="M153" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:13.9875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.9875 10.925" width="13.9875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.74,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="10.925" id="M154" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:13.9875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.9875 10.925" width="13.9875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.74,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>任何真正的价值),合成信号可以写成<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq38"> <svg height="15.75" id="M155" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 15.75" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.51,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.2769861" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.440485" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.353924" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.993258" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.033646" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.610462" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.773964" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.687401" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.639069" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.979294" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="78.268784" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.432281" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.345718" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.597221" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="307.35999" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="311.5235" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="317.77499" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="324.02649" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>白噪声的均值是零,每一个细节小波系数的均值是零(<一个href=”#B10">8</一个>]。细节系数的标准差(<年代vg height="14.3625" id="M156" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:23.2125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.2125 14.3625" width="23.2125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.7,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)<年代vg height="13.45" id="M157" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:22.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.299999 13.45" width="22.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.5013199" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.578258" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在层次<年代vg height="12.675" id="M158" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:7.1374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.1374998 12.675" width="7.1374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>(<年代vg height="13.6125" id="M159" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:86.637497px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 86.637497 13.6125" width="86.637497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3269978" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.618887" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.832638" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.084137" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.285385" y="0"> …</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.876389" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.090137" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="13.55" id="M160" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:34.974998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.974998 13.55" width="34.974998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.5772982" y="0"> ≥</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.617687" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>;<年代vg height="9.875" id="M161" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.7624998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.7624998 9.875" width="7.7624998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>分解级别)是吗<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq39"> <svg height="53.962502" id="M162" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 53.962502" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,53.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-28.83)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.44,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,124.94,42.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.84,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="9.7299995"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.720001" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 156.18,48.31 31.01,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.18,36.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.403216" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.755939" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,194.43,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.47,38.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192,31.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.71,42.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.038745" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.62,42.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.03,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 250.37,53.59 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.37,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.25,42.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,261.68,42.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,267.53,52.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,272.4,35.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,282.5,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,294.19,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="173.67999" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="177.84351" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="184.095" y="0"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="190.3465" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="10.325" id="M163" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:14.8375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8375 10.325" width="14.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>细节系数的长度,意味着什么<年代vg height="12.3125" id="M164" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 12.3125" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.3125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.15)"> <g> <path d="m -71.95,70.71 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>被定义为<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="eq5"> <svg height="50.662498" id="M165" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 50.662498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,50.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-31.47)"> <g> <path d="m 165.32,56.22 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.32,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.2,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.1,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.99" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 193.33,50.94 11.77,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.33,39.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.34,63.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.38,41.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.91,34.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.61,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,241.68,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,248.3,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219.57001" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="223.73351" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.985" y="0"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.2365" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>细节的标准差系数的噪声信号<年代vg height="13.55" id="M166" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:23.174999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.174999 13.55" width="23.174999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.201488" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.364987" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.278426" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>可以写成<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq40"> <svg height="53.962502" id="M167" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 53.962502" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,53.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-28.83)"> <g> <path d="m 102.52,53.59 5.5,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,102.52,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,108.02,42.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.92,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="9.7299995"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.709999" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 139.25,48.31 31.02,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.25,36.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.415719" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.755939" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.42,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.46,38.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.99,31.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.62,42.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8514042" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.7" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.888744" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.39,42.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.79,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.7,42.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.32,42.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> −</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 267.29,53.59 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,267.29,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,274.17,51.54)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.4799995"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,278.6,42.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.45,53.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,289.32,35.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,299.43,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,311.11,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="156.75999" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="160.92349" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="167.175" y="0"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="173.4265" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="12.975" id="M168" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:15.3625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.3625 12.975" width="15.3625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.39,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>组件添加与原来的细节系数由于噪声的影响。嘈杂的细节系数的均值可以写成<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="eq6"> <svg height="50.662498" id="M169" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 50.662498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,50.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-31.47)"> <g> <path d="m 145.27,56.22 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.27,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.15,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.05,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.99" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 173.28,50.94 11.77,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.28,39.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.29,63.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.33,41.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.86,34.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.57,45.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.038745" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,227.48,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.89,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.79,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.42,45.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.52"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="207.45" y="-2.52"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="211.61349" y="-2.52"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="217.86501" y="-2.52"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.1165" y="-2.52"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>估计原始细节系数,嘈杂的细节系数的均值<年代vg height="14.3875" id="M170" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:13.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.0625 14.3875" width="13.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.49)"> <g> <path d="m -71.95,69.05 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>应该是零,标准差可以写成<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq41"> <svg height="53.962502" id="M171" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 53.962502" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,53.9625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-28.83)"> <g> <path d="m 134.14,53.59 5.5,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.14,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.64,42.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.54,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.04" y="9.7299995"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.720001" y="-7.2600002"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 170.88,48.31 31.01,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.88,36.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.415719" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.755939" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.05,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.09,38.63)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.62,31.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.24,42.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.038745" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.35,50.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="8.6899996"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,246.97,42.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.82,52.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.7,35.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,267.8,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.48,45.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="188.39" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="192.5535" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="198.80499" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="205.0565" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在那里,<年代vg height="19.2125" id="M172" style="vertical-align:-5.34312pt;width:106.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 106.8625 19.2125" width="106.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.2125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.63)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.7,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="8.6999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-46.6,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.216631" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-19.49,58.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-10.09,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,6.82,58.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。</p><p>一个复杂的权重向量<年代vg height="13.6625" id="M173" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:91.762497px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 91.762497 13.6625" width="91.762497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.07)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.153156" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.193544" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-37.06,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-29.41,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-3.51,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,在那里<年代vg height="11.225" id="M174" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.325001 11.225" width="18.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,63.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="11.225" id="M175" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.325001 11.225" width="18.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,63.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>任意的实数,是用来减少随机噪声的因素<年代vg height="11.225" id="M176" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.325001 11.225" width="18.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,63.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在[<一个href=”#B24">15</一个>]。在本文中,我们使用复杂的加权向量,减轻噪声相同数量的细节系数生成无噪声的小波系数的近似细节系数的均值为零。调制信号<年代vg height="13.45" id="M177" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:22.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.299999 13.45" width="22.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.5013199" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.578258" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>乘以一个复杂的变量<年代vg height="13.6625" id="M178" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:91.762497px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 91.762497 13.6625" width="91.762497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.07)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.153156" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.193544" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-37.06,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-29.41,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-3.51,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.6" id="M179" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:45.537498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 45.537498 14.6" width="45.537498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.91,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ></t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.6" id="M180" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:45.537498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 45.537498 14.6" width="45.537498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.91,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> <</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,然后合成信号可以写成<年代vg height="15.025" id="M181" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:91.974998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 91.974998 15.025" width="91.974998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.98)"> <g> <path d="m -71.95,70.71 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.201488" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.364987" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.278426" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.905256" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.945644" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.446964" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.610462" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.523903" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.463066" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.777802" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。吵闹的接收信号可以写成<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq42"> <svg height="16.85" id="M182" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 16.85" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.85)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.52)"> <g> <path d="m 149.62,70.71 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.62,62.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.2769861" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.440485" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.353924" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.993258" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.021145" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.610462" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.773964" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.687401" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.626568" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="67.953804" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.419296" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="91.759514" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="100.06151" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="104.22501" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.13845" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.37744" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="318.25" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="322.41351" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="328.66501" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="334.9165" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span><span class="equation" id="EEq43"> <svg height="19.35" id="M183" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.35" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.52)"> <g> <path d="m 66.26,69.52 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,66.26,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.29" y="-0.0099999998"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.453499" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.366938" y="-0.0099999998"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.993769" y="-0.0099999998"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.034157" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.310661" y="-0.0099999998"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.27,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.92,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.216631" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.83,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.48,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.040001" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.889999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.166506" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.34,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.99,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.216631" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.9,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.78,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.969999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.82" y="-2.51"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.384556" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,281.38,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,286.25,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.67" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.970221" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.529999" y="-2.51"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.094555" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,334.55,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,339.43,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="128.44" y="-2.51"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="132.6035" y="-2.51"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="138.855" y="-2.51"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="145.10651" y="-2.51"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span><span class="equation" id="eq7"> <svg height="42.1875" id="M184" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 42.1875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,42.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-38.25)"> <g> <path d="m 74.6,67.25 6.2,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,74.6,58.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.2769861" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.440485" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.353924" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 74.6,53.68 20.53,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,77.58,41.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,87.27,38.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,99.8,50.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.5" y="-9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.080057" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.42028" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,148.99,56.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 139.3,53.68 14.57,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.3,41.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,148.99,38.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.84,50.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.040001" y="7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.620001" y="-9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.896507" y="-9.1400003"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.42,56.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 187.46,53.68 20.84,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.59,41.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.28,38.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.27,50.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.219999" y="7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.379999" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.919998" y="-8.0600004"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.77" y="-10.57"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.334557" y="-10.57"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,274.82,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.69,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 254.19,53.68 31.35,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,262.58,41.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,272.27,38.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,289.51,50.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.16" y="-8.0600004"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.01" y="-10.57"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.574554" y="-10.57"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,328.3,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,333.17,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 307.67,53.68 31.35,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,316.06,41.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,325.75,38.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,340.22,50.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="127.65" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="131.81349" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="138.065" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="144.3165" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>如果<年代vg height="12.35" id="M185" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:59.799999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 59.799999 12.35" width="59.799999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,65.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,62.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.91,65.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≫</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.12863" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-29.08,62.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,然后<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="eq8"> <svg height="88.612503" id="M186" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 88.612503" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,88.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-1.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.75,50.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.95,47.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7519999" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.72,50.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.209999" y="-8.0600004"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.703768" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.744158" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.796329" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.136551" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.000217" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.664795" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.059998" y="-10.57"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.624557" y="-10.57"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.56,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.43,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 211.93,53.68 31.35,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.32,41.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.01,38.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.26,50.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.15" y="-8.0600004"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24" y="-10.57"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.564556" y="-10.57"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,286.04,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,290.91,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 265.41,53.68 31.35,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.8,41.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,283.49,38.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,297.96,50.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-142.39999" y="37.529999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="169.91" y="-1.63"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="174.0735" y="-1.63"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="180.325" y="-1.63"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="186.57649" y="-1.63"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.76,9.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7519999" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.53,13.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.889999" y="-8.21"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.703768" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.744158" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.320976" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.484474" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.397915" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.349583" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.190002" y="-8.2200003"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.3535" y="-8.2200003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.266937" y="-8.2200003"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 238.42,16.16 20.54,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,241.41,4.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.1,1.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.15,13.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="207.72" y="0.72000003"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="211.8835" y="0.72000003"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="218.13499" y="0.72000003"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.38651" y="0.72000003"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>这里的噪音和干扰项(<一个href=”#eq8">46</一个>)的接收信号<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M188" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:37.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 37.787498 14.7125" width="37.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.75,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7519999" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.07,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>通过一个衰落信道是减少的一个因素<年代vg height="11.225" id="M189" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.325001 11.225" width="18.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,63.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。细节系数的均值<年代vg height="16.2875" id="M190" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:32.450001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.450001 16.2875" width="32.450001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.188745" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.88,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>更少的噪声信号<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M191" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:37.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 37.787498 14.7125" width="37.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.75,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7519999" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.07,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在(<一个href=”#eq8">46</一个>)是<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq45"> <svg height="50.662498" id="M192" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 50.662498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,50.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-31.47)"> <g> <path d="m 139.36,56.22 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.36,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.24,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.14,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.99" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 167.37,50.94 11.77,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.37,39.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.38,63.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.42,41.27)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.95,34.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.66,40.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3699999" y="-7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.558745" y="-7.3299999"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.1,44.69)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.5,47.82)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.73" y="-10.77"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.79,55.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 247.04,50.94 14.57,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.04,39.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,256.73,35.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,262.8,40.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.46" y="-7.3299999"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="205.07001" y="-7.3299999"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="209.23351" y="-7.3299999"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="215.485" y="-7.3299999"> 7</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="221.7365" y="-7.3299999"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>噪音<年代vg height="16.637501" id="M193" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:36.474998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36.474998 16.637501" width="36.474998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.728054" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.66,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-47.03,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>每个细节系数是由于噪音<年代vg height="13.45" id="M194" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:23.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.1875 13.45" width="23.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.37749" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.290929" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>与原始信号<年代vg height="13.45" id="M195" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:22.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.299999 13.45" width="22.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.5013199" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.578258" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。的复数<年代vg height="7.4499998" id="M196" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:12.2375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.2375 7.4499998" width="12.2375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.04)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>减少了噪声项<年代vg height="13.45" id="M197" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:23.1875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.1875 13.45" width="23.1875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2139912" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.37749" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.290929" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>与<年代vg height="13.45" id="M198" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:22.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.299999 13.45" width="22.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.5013199" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.578258" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的一个因素<年代vg height="11.225" id="M199" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.325001 11.225" width="18.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,63.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。如果<年代vg height="14.6" id="M200" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:49.412498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 49.412498 14.6" width="49.412498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.91,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≫</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.12863" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.6" id="M201" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:49.412498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 49.412498 14.6" width="49.412498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.91,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≪</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.12863" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>那意思是<年代vg height="18.125" id="M202" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:41.462502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 41.462502 18.125" width="41.462502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.5)"> <g> <path d="m -71.95,70.71 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,59.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.17,62.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和复数<年代vg height="7.4499998" id="M203" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:12.2375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.2375 7.4499998" width="12.2375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.04)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>可以定义为控制变量。细节系数的噪声和干扰减少的一个因素<年代vg height="11.225" id="M204" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.325001 11.225" width="18.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,63.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和重建信号<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M205" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:37.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 37.787498 14.7125" width="37.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.75,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> o</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> u</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7519999" y="0"> t</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.07,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>从噪音自由细节系数可能被认为是远离噪音和干扰的意思是每一个细节系数趋于零。</p><h4我d="proposed-denoising-method-in-signal-processing">6。提出了信号处理中的去噪方法</h4><p>相关的噪声和干扰的小波细节系数可以丢弃的利用所提出的去噪技术(<一个href=”#EEq42">42</一个>)(<一个href=”#EEq45">47</一个>)。传输信号乘以复杂的控制变量<年代vg height="13.6625" id="M206" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:91.762497px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 91.762497 13.6625" width="91.762497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.07)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.153156" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.193544" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-37.06,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-29.41,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-3.51,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。细节系数的均值水平保持在约等于零,减少噪声的因素<年代vg height="11.225" id="M207" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.325001 11.225" width="18.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,63.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>根据(<一个href=”#eq8">46</一个>)。的意思是控制变量的值<年代vg height="7.4499998" id="M208" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:12.2375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.2375 7.4499998" width="12.2375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.04)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>根据生成所需的每一个细节系数的平均值。传输信号可以通过使用小波重建如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig9/" target="_blank">9</一个>。在这个数字调制的象征<年代vg height="13.45" id="M209" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:22.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.299999 13.45" width="22.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.5013199" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.578258" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>传播通过噪声信道和接收机的噪声信号处理采用三级小波分解根据(<一个href=”#EEq27">30.</一个>)。传播的调制符号是通过使用小波去噪的重建方法重建的小波系数根据(<一个href=”#EEq31">31日</一个>)。</p><div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig9"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig9"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.009" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.009.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图9</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig9/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 小波去噪在通信信号处理。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>小波去噪可以用于天线分集技术来获得更好的质量信号噪声信道。在天线多样性,信号传输通过多个天线和接收一个天线,另一个天线传输信号和多个天线接收信号。第一个过程叫做发射分集和第二称为接收多样性。使用组合器在整个输入信号接收器添加阶段或搜索路径有最高的信号强度(<一个href=”#B9">24</一个>]。小波去噪方法用于进一步丢弃组合器输出信号的噪声,整个过程如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig10/" target="_blank">10</一个>。在发射分集,让这个信号<年代vg height="14.625" id="M210" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:16.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.375 14.625" width="16.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.3)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.82,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>发送从发射机到接收机通过两个路径多样性<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M211" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:15.2375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.2375 14.7125" width="15.2375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M212" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:15.2375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.2375 14.7125" width="15.2375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,最大比例组合器(MRC)结合了两个收到衰落信号<年代vg height="11.075" id="M213" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:12.6px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.6 11.075" width="12.6" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.85,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="10.925" id="M214" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:12.6px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.6 10.925" width="12.6" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.85,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>根据(<一个href=”#B9">24</一个>),<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq46"> <svg height="50.950001" id="M215" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 50.950001" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,50.95)"> <g transform="translate(72,-31.24)"> <g> <path d="m 169.06,58.86 9.01,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.06,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.07,44.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.41,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.34,63.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.45,41.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.97,33.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,216.69,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.9,52.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.0799999" y="8.3800001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.22,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.32,44.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.56,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="223.31" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="227.4735" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="233.72501" y="0"> 8</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="239.9765" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在两个分支发射分集,象征从天线零可以用<年代vg height="14.625" id="M216" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:16.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.375 14.625" width="16.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.3)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.82,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>从天线的<年代vg height="14.475" id="M217" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:16.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.375 14.475" width="16.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.82,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>在接下来的时期象征信号传输信号可以表示为<年代vg height="16.799999" id="M218" style="vertical-align:-4.15945pt;width:28.424999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 28.424999 16.799999" width="28.424999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.8)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.56)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.38,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.88" y="9.2200003"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.950001" id="M219" style="vertical-align:-4.28235pt;width:17.725px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.725 16.950001" width="17.725" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.95)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.44)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.95,67.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.87" y="9.2200003"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。接收到的信号通道响应<年代vg height="14.8625" id="M220" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:30.5375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 30.5375 14.8625" width="30.5375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.86,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M221" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:30.5375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 30.5375 14.7125" width="30.5375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.74,60.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.86,63.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.0769377" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>可以写成<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq47"> <svg height="49.775002" id="M222" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 49.775002" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,49.775)"> <g transform="translate(72,-32.18)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,107.8,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,112.91,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,121.25,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,140.5,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.38,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.51,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.16,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.34" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.190001" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.754555" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.13,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.01,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.67" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.459999" y="-2.51"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.957718" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.68,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.55,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.68,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.33,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.35" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.200001" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.764555" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,290.31,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,295.18,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.73" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-186.73" y="21.83"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8514042" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,113.56,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,121.9,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,141.15,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.03,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.16,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.81,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.34" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.190001" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.754555" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.13,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.01,34.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.67" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.459999" y="-2.51"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.6300001" y="-2.51"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.957718" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.68,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.55,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.68,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.33,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.35" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.200001" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.764555" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,289.66,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,294.53,34.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.73" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8514042" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="173.34" y="-14.68"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="177.50349" y="-14.68"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="183.755" y="-14.68"> 9</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="190.0065" y="-14.68"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在这里<年代vg height="13.8125" id="M223" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:84.824997px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 84.824997 13.8125" width="84.824997" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.95)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.74,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.39,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39.14,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.48,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-9.06,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="13.8125" id="M224" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:82.387497px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 82.387497 13.8125" width="82.387497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.95)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.39,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.04,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-40.44,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-32.78,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.01,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>是1号和2号的噪声信号路径。现在,我们选择控制变量的形式<年代vg height="13.6625" id="M225" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:91.762497px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 91.762497 13.6625" width="91.762497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.07)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.153156" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.193544" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-37.06,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-29.41,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-3.51,61.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,那么合成符号是传播<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq49"> <svg height="19.35" id="M226" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.35" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,86.4,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,95.4,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.87" y="9.21"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,102.87,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.04,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,127.91,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.165659" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.193544" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.24,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,166.12,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.81,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.46,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.93,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.8,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,217.49,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.15,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.040001" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.889999" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.16,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,263.04,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,272.73,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,280.38,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,299.85,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,304.73,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,314.42,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,319.29,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.51"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="148.58" y="-2.51"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="152.7435" y="-2.51"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="158.995" y="-2.51"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="165.24651" y="-2.51"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>接收到的信号可以表示为<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq50"> <svg height="49.775002" id="M227" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 49.775002" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,49.775)"> <g transform="translate(72,-32.18)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,110.65,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.75,66.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,124.1,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,143.35,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,148.22,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.35,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.23,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.92,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.57,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.13,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.13,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.69,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.34,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.35" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.200001" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.764555" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,264.32,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,269.19,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-116.78" y="24.34"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-111.99" y="21.83"> ℎ</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-135.82001" y="21.83"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-124.49228" y="21.83"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.41,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.28,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.41,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.29,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.98,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.63,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.1,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.97,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,233.66,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.54,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.75,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.4,36.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.35" y="2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.200001" y="0"> ±</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.764555" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,285.38,33.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,290.25,34.28)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.73" y="-2.51"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8514042" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="177.62" y="-14.68"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="181.78349" y="-14.68"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="188.035" y="-14.68"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="194.2865" y="-14.68"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>分(<一个href=”#EEq37">35</一个>)<年代vg height="11.225" id="M228" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:18.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.325001 11.225" width="18.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,63.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,考虑<年代vg height="12.35" id="M229" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:59.799999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 59.799999 12.35" width="59.799999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,65.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.26,62.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.91,65.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≫</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.12863" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-29.08,62.17)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,我们有<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq51"> <svg height="34.599998" id="M230" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 34.599998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,34.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-44.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.44,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.54,61.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.89,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.14,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.02,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.14,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.8,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.690001" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 226.34,59.37 14.56,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.34,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.03,44.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.1,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,248.31,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.18,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="214.69" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="218.8535" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="225.105" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="231.35651" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>接收到的信号从其他路径多样性可以编写应用相同的操作作为第一天线,接收到的信号<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq52"> <svg height="34.599998" id="M231" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 34.599998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,34.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-44.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.77,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.87,61.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.22,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≈</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,193.47,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.34,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.47,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.12,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.700001" y="-7.25"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 226.66,59.37 14.56,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.66,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.35,44.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.42,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.98,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,252.86,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="215.00999" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219.17349" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="225.425" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="231.6765" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>这两个在(MRC组合器组合<一个href=”#EEq46">48</一个>)<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq53"> <svg height="50.950001" id="M232" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 50.950001" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,50.95)"> <g transform="translate(72,-31.24)"> <g> <path d="m 169.06,58.86 9.01,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.06,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,178.07,56.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="12.32"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.41,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.34,63.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.45,41.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.97,33.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,216.69,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.9,52.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ∗</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.0799999" y="8.3800001"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.22,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.32,52.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1499996"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,244.56,47.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="223.31" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="227.4735" y="0"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="233.72501" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="239.9765" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span>接收到的信号(<一个href=”#EEq53">54</一个>),然后通过小波分解过程生成细节系数。在这里,控制变量(<年代vg height="7.4499998" id="M233" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:12.2375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.2375 7.4499998" width="12.2375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.04)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>)是近似的均值调整每一个细节系数等于零来获得更好的信道容量。整个过程如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig10/" target="_blank">10</一个>。PDR用于检查的百分比提高重构信号从原始<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”equation" id="EEq54"> <svg height="54.474998" id="M234" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 54.474998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,54.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-28.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,118.53,43.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.849998" y="-19.35"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.849998" y="-12.82"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.849998" y="-6.3000002"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.849998" y="15.48"> ⎷</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> P</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9641709" y="0"> D</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.991337" y="0"> R</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.806671" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 173.18,70.71 125.04,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.37,54.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∑</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.8,60.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.9399996"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="9.9399996"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="9.9399996"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.11,52.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.1799998" y="-2.51"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.27" y="-2.52"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.433498" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.64749" y="-2.52"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.586655" y="-2.52"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.926876" y="-2.52"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.23,51.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,267.29,54.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.54" y="2.52"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.37749" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,289.02,62.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <g> <path d="m 174.37,47.07 119.53,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.02,32.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∑</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.45,38.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.9300003"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="9.9300003"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="9.9300003"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.75,32.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,242.75,37.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,249.71,32.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.37749" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.380001" y="-11.71"> ,</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="218.16" y="-11.71"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="222.3235" y="-11.71"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="228.575" y="-11.71"> 5</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="234.82649" y="-11.71"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg></span> <svg height="13.45" id="M235" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:27.2875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.2875 13.45" width="27.2875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.1892252" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.352724" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.566715" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>原始16-QAM和象征<年代vg height="14.6" id="M236" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:36px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36 14.6" width="36" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.79,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.37749" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>:重建16-QAM象征。</p><div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig10"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig10"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.0010" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.0010.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图10</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig10/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 小波去噪在天线的多样性。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="results">7所示。结果</h4><p>仿真结果在MATLAB环境下的AWGN信道的误码性能16-QAM符号如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig11/" target="_blank">11</一个>。在这里,三级小波分解技术应用于嘈杂的接收信号生成适当的细节系数。小波重建技术应用使用(<一个href=”#EEq31">31日</一个>)生成的细节系数最终生成信号传播。生成的信号传输发现一样的一个直接从噪声信道。在图所示的多层次去噪技术<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig9/" target="_blank">9</一个>用于增加信道的性能。AWGN信道的误码控制变量的使用不同的值近似每一个细节系数等于零图所示<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig11/" target="_blank">11</一个>为不同的值<年代vg height="14.75" id="M237" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:40.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 40.787498 14.75" width="40.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.41,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.3,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。通过直接路径是0.2620的系统<年代vg height="14.75" id="M238" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:67.987503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 67.987503 14.75" width="67.987503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.41,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.3,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-35.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>dB和小波分解提供了相同的误码性能相同<年代vg height="14.75" id="M239" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:40.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 40.787498 14.75" width="40.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.41,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.3,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>价值。现在,控制的价值<年代vg height="13.6125" id="M240" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:51.212502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.212502 13.6125" width="51.212502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.231054" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.482553" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.608303" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>用于,BER值0.085是相同的参数。控制变量<年代vg height="10.925" id="M241" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:14.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.0625 10.925" width="14.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="10.925" id="M242" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:14.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.0625 10.925" width="14.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="11.075" id="M243" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:14.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.0625 11.075" width="14.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的值<年代vg height="13.6125" id="M244" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:51.212502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.212502 13.6125" width="51.212502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.231054" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.482553" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.608303" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="13.6125" id="M245" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:51.212502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.212502 13.6125" width="51.212502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.231054" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.482553" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.608303" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="13.6125" id="M246" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:66.837502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 66.837502 13.6125" width="66.837502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.367388" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.231054" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.482553" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.608303" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.859802" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.111305" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>提供误码率值分别为0.082,0.0630和0.0290<年代vg height="14.75" id="M247" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:40.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 40.787498 14.75" width="40.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.41,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.3,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>3 dB。三个细节系数的均值以上条件<年代vg height="14.375" id="M248" style="vertical-align:-0.3135pt;width:71.300003px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 71.300003 14.375" width="71.300003" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0"> 6</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.404415" y="0"> ×</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.182001" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.433502" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30.26,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.37112" y="0"> 8</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。控制变量允许细节系数的均值趋向于零,这一现象降低了噪声和干扰的影响。通过Rician衰落信道的误码性能图所示<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig12/" target="_blank">12</一个>使用相同的控制变量的图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig11/" target="_blank">11</一个>与10 MHz,采样频率100赫兹的多普勒频移,Rician因素3。</p><div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig11"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig11"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.0011" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.0011.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图11</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig11/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 通过AWGN信道误码性能。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig12"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig12"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.0012" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.0012.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图12</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig12/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 通过Rician信道误码性能。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>天线分集的控制变量是用来减少一个因素所产生的噪音水平超过前面的案例,因为多样性提供了一些降噪性能。这里,误码性能在天线控制多样性值的值<年代vg height="14.6" id="M249" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:92.349998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 92.349998 14.6" width="92.349998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.33,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.067554" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.407776" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.271442" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.522942" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.648693" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.900192" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.6" id="M250" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:92.349998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 92.349998 14.6" width="92.349998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.33,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.067554" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.407776" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.271442" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.522942" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.648693" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.900192" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig13/" target="_blank">13</一个>。两个分支的数量是0.027通过AWGN信道和发射分集<年代vg height="14.75" id="M251" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:67.987503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 67.987503 14.75" width="67.987503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.41,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.3,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-35.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 4</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>dB。现在,误码率为控制变量的值<年代vg height="14.6" id="M252" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:102.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 102.7625 14.6" width="102.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.33,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.231054" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.571274" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.43494" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.686443" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.812191" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.06369" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.315193" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.6" id="M253" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:102.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 102.7625 14.6" width="102.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.33,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.203888" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.231054" y="0"> +</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.571274" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.43494" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.686443" y="0"> 。</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.812191" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.06369" y="0"> 1</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.315193" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>与小波去噪在同一分支通过相同的频道发射分集是0.008和0.001,分别考虑相同的值<年代vg height="14.75" id="M254" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:40.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 40.787498 14.75" width="40.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.41,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.3,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。仿真是通过AWGN信道发送16-QAM符号执行的平均值为零,方差<年代vg height="13.9375" id="M255" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:15.3875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.3875 13.9375" width="15.3875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.85)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.61,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。相位补偿的两条路径是30至35岁。PDR的AWGN信道计算使用(<一个href=”#EEq54">55</一个>)通过考虑<年代vg height="13.45" id="M256" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:27.2875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.2875 13.45" width="27.2875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.1892252" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.352724" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.566715" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>作为传播16-QAM象征。的去噪技术<一个href=”#B23">7</一个>用于重建<年代vg height="14.6" id="M257" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:41.212502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 41.212502 14.6" width="41.212502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.62,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.37749" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>的值,得到PDR 90%以上的任何值<年代vg height="14.75" id="M258" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:40.787498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 40.787498 14.75" width="40.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.41,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.3,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>。同样,拟议中的去噪技术是用来重建<年代vg height="14.6" id="M259" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:36px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36 14.6" width="36" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.79,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.37749" y="0"> )</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>同样的符号通过相同的频道。PDR相同的渠道只是传输符号通过通道没有任何信号处理技术,并利用所提出的去噪技术在不同控制变量的值显示在图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig14/" target="_blank">14</一个>在<年代vg height="14.75" id="M260" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:103.0125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 103.0125 14.75" width="103.0125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.41,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.3,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-35.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0"> ∼</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.795609" y="0"> 2</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.047108" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>dB。从结果看,提议去噪技术提供了重建信号的最小偏差从原来的一个,因为传统去噪提供了PDR的约92%,直接传输提供了PDR的82.5%,提出了多级信号去噪提供了PDR的17.3%多点的星座图<年代vg height="14.75" id="M261" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:67.987503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 67.987503 14.75" width="67.987503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.2)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.41,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-44.3,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代p一个n></text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-35.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代p一个n><t年代p一个n style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 3</t年代p一个n></text> </g> </g> </svg>所有病例数据库。</p><div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig13"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig13"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.0013" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.0013.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图13</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig13/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 天线多样性的误码性能。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig14"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig14"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="235259.fig.0014" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jcnc/volume-2011/235259/figures/235259.fig.0014.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图14</年代p一个n><一个一个r我一个-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig14/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> PDR的重构信号衰落信道。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="conclusion-and-future-work">8。结论和未来的工作</h4><p>三个主要通过多路径衰落信道对无线信号去噪问题得到解决。首先,小波分解和重构的16-QAM象征通过噪声信道使用MATLAB仿真软件。调制信号的误码性能通过AWGN和Rician通道使用小波去噪技术和性能相同的信号通过相同的频道是如图所示的数据<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig11/" target="_blank">11</一个>和<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig12/" target="_blank">12</一个>。从结果看,本文讨论小波分解和重建技术仿真研究重构信号利用小波分解系数预测的准确率为100%。其次,传统的基于阈值去噪技术是用来消除干扰16-QAM调制噪声小波细节系数,传统的去噪方法是不能生成没有噪声系数由于一个阈值水平不能预测从多级噪声系数值作为讨论的部分<一个href=”#sec4">4</一个>。第三,一个控制变量建立多级小波去噪技术,提出了消除干扰复杂通过衰落信道调制符号,显示了误码性能和使用适当的控制变量,迫使每一个细节系数为零的重构噪声自由传播符号。</p><p>仿真结果表明,该系统性能的增加而增加的趋势意味着细节系数接近于零,通过选择适当的控制变量如图<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig11/" target="_blank">11</一个>和<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig12/" target="_blank">12</一个>。提出了多级去噪技术也用于天线多样性获得更好的误码性能,仿真研究表明,所提出的去噪技术随着天线多样性提供更好的误码性能比数据所示<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig11/" target="_blank">11</一个>和<一个href=”http年代://www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259/fig12/" target="_blank">12</一个>。PDR的多级去噪技术表明,它提供了精确的重建一个复杂通过多路径衰落信道调制符号,因为它估计信号偏离了父一个只有10%。</p><p>在未来,分析才能寻找更好的控制变量根据无线信道特征的条件来获得更准确的结果。拟议的技术可用于多输入多输出(MIMO)情况下发送图像信号速度非常高的日期和结果通过WiMAX物理层更好的误码率。</p></div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="references" id="references">引用</h4><ol><l我我d="B11">j·m·夏皮罗,“嵌入式图像编码使用小波系数的零树,”<我>IEEE信号处理</我>第41卷。。12日,第3462 - 3445页,1993年。<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”refl在k年代”>视图:<一个href=”http年代://doi.org/10.1109/78.258085">出版商的网站</一个><年代p一个ncl作为年代=”年代ep">|</年代p一个n><一个href=”https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Embedded%20image%20coding%20using%20zerotrees%20of%20wavelet%20coefficients&author=J. 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Shanmugan<我>模拟通信系统</我>,Kluwer学术/充气,纽约,纽约,美国,第二版,2000年版。<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”refl在k年代”></span></li> <li id="B4">g·k .存根<我>移动通信原理</我>,Kluwer学术出版社,2001年。<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”refl在k年代”></span></li> <li id="B5">S.-T。弓,<我>模式识别和图像处理</我>,马塞尔·德克,纽约,纽约,美国,第二版,2002年版。<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”refl在k年代”></span></li> <li id="B9">s . m . Alamouti”,一个简单的无线通信的发射分集技术,”<我>IEEE在选定地区通讯》杂志上</我>,16卷,不。8,1451 - 1458年,1998页。<年代p一个ncl作为年代=”refl在k年代”>视图:<一个href=”http年代://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20simple%20transmit%20diversity%20technique%20for%20wireless%20communications&author=S. M. Alamouti&publication_year=1998" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代p一个n></li> </ol> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="copyright" id="copyright">版权</h4><p>版权©2011 Md。阿拉姆Zahangir et al。这是一个开放的分布式下文章<一个rel=”l我cen年代e”href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">知识共享归属许可</一个>,它允许无限制的使用、分配和复制在任何媒介,提供最初的工作是正确引用。</p></div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 eyHfWh journal_article__BiblioIntegratorWidget-sc-12fk6zy-5 dbAANp article_widget biblioWrapper hide"> <hr> <h4 class="biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 becpDt hrTitleRef">更多相关文章</h4><div id="biblio_widget" class="biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 kbSZJl"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__RightWrapper-sc-1bf4078-2 jzTMLK rightWrapper" id="rightSectionMenu"> <div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyTopToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-0 gbrQxi article_sticky_top_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cBdUnI hRnXob article_top_toolbar"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dUABlg sc-exkUMo hymroZ pdf_desktop button__group" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/jcnc/2011/235259.pdf" aria-label="" target="_blank" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/cpr9K8AjZYaP4CWVbtn5c/_next/static/node_modules/hindawi-ui/src/icon/svg/pdf.svg" height="24"><span class="text">PDF</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dUABlg sc-kcDeIU cbcyj ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavLarge"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">下载引用</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dUABlg sc-BngTV hmDWcT ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jcnc/2011/235259.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-kTUwUJ eujois" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0iMTgiIGhlaWdodD0iMjIiIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxOCAyMiI+PGRlZnM+PGNsaXBQYXRoIGlkPSJhIj48cGF0aCBkPSJNMywyMmEzLDMsMCwwLDEtMy0zVjNBMywzLDAsMCwxLDMsMGg4YS45OTEuOTkxLDAsMCwxLC41NzMuMTgxbDAsMCwuMDA4LjAwNmEuOTU1Ljk1NSwwLDAsMSwuMTIyLjFsNiw2YTEuMDI1LDEuMDI1LDAsMCwxLC4xLjEyMmwuMDA2LjAxLDAsMEExLDEsMCwwLDEsMTgsNi45NzVWMTlhMywzLDAsMCwxLTMsM1pNMiwzVjE5YTEsMSwwLDAsMCwxLDFIMTVhMSwxLDAsMCwwLDEtMVY4SDExYTEsMSwwLDAsMS0xLTFWMkgzQTEsMSwwLDAsMCwyLDNaTTEyLDZoMi41ODdMMTIsMy40MTRaTTUsMTdhMSwxLDAsMSwxLDAtMmg4YTEsMSwwLDEsMSwwLDJabTAtNGExLDEsMCwxLDEsMC0yaDhhMSwxLDAsMSwxLDAsMlpNNSw5QTEsMSwwLDEsMSw1LDdIN0ExLDEsMCwwLDEsNyw5WiIgdHJhbnNmb3JtPSJ0cmFuc2xhdGUoMyAxKSIvPjwvY2xpcFBhdGg+PC9kZWZzPjxnIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKC0zIC0xKSI+PHBhdGggZD0iTTMsMjJhMywzLDAsMCwxLTMtM1YzQTMsMywwLDAsMSwzLDBoOGEuOTkxLjk5MSwwLDAsMSwuNTczLjE4MWwwLDAsLjAwOC4wMDZhLjk1NS45NTUsMCwwLDEsLjEyMi4xbDYsNmExLjAyNSwxLjAyNSwwLDAsMSwuMS4xMjJsLjAwNi4wMSwwLDBBMSwxLDAsMCwxLDE4LDYuOTc1VjE5YTMsMywwLDAsMS0zLDNaTTIsM1YxOWExLDEsMCwwLDAsMSwxSDE1YTEsMSwwLDAsMCwxLTFWOEgxMWExLDEsMCwwLDEtMS0xVjJIM0ExLDEsMCwwLDAsMiwzWk0xMiw2aDIuNTg3TDEyLDMuNDE0Wk01LDE3YTEsMSwwLDEsMSwwLTJoOGExLDEsMCwxLDEsMCwyWm0wLTRhMSwxLDAsMSwxLDAtMmg4YTEsMSwwLDEsMSwwLDJaTTUsOUExLDEsMCwxLDEsNSw3SDdBMSwxLDAsMCwxLDcsOVoiIHRyYW5zZm9ybT0idHJhbnNsYXRlKDMgMSkiLz48ZyBjbGlwLXBhdGg9InVybCgjYSkiPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIgZmlsbD0icmdiYSgwLDAsMCwwKSIvPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSIyNCIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyNCIvPjwvZz48L2c+PC9zdmc+" height="24"><span class="text">引用</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-1 isgRZA article_sticky_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cTjmhe ihmyEq article_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cugefK itFKcQ accordion" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__dofNav"> <span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">下载其他格式</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl作为年代="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">更多的</年代p一个n></年代p一个n> <span class="sc-htoDjs bMdQcY sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="11"></span> </div> <div class="sc-fnwBNb etzuBr"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-iNhVCk gWgCNb open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/jcnc/2011/235259.epub" aria-label="ePub" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-eAKXzc WHkfb"> ePub</div><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" 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height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">订单打印副本</年代p一个n><年代p一个ncl作为年代="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">订单</年代p一个n></年代p一个n><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL right__icon icon-colored _32KP5uexH-Bgs7Kj8Gk1Tz icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-hBbWxd kdRRST"> <div class="sc-dyGzUR cHatnS"> <div> 的观点<年代p一个n>1067年年</年代p一个n></div> <div> 下载<年代p一个n>892年年</年代p一个n></div> </div> <div> <div class="sc-drKuOJ kxdGAZ"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1155/2011/235259" data-style="small_circle"></span>引用</div> </div> </div> <nav class="sc-bRBYWo fXBKFa sc-hUfwpO jHPgUP" id="toolbar__iconNav"> <h3 class="sc-Rmtcm hNPrIr">分享文章</h3><ulcl作为年代=”年代c-hzDkRC bnbfTS"> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/235259&via=Hindawi" aria-label="Sharing on Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialTwitter" title="" role="presentation" 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