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<div class="articleHeader"> <div class="articleHeader__specialIssue"> <span class="articleHeader__specialIssue_tag">特殊的问题</gydF4y2Baspan> <h2 class="articleHeader__specialIssue_title">在围场逆流体对流问题</gydF4y2Bah2> <a href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/si/196801/" class="articleHeader__specialIssue_url" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">把这个特殊的问题</gydF4y2Baa> </div> <strong>研究文章|<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->开放获取</gydF4y2Bastrong> <div class="articleHeader__meta"> <span>体积<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->2012年<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->|</gydF4y2Baspan> <span>文章的ID<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->738082年<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->|</gydF4y2Baspan> <span class="articleHeader__meta_doiLink"><a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/738082" aria-label="Doi-link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/738082</gydF4y2Baa></span> </div> <div class="simpleShowMore"> <button class="simpleShowMore__button">显示引用</bugydF4y2Batton> </div> <h1 class="articleHeader__title">分析机械能源运输期间自由落下的楔入水阶段</gydF4y2Bah1> <div class="articleHeader__authors"> <span class="articleHeader__authors_author"><strong>文王</gydF4y2Bastrong><a href="//www.newsama.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" aria-label="Mail Option"><span role="img" class="anticon"> <svg version="1.0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewbox="0 0 1401 1101"> <path fill="#6ba439" d="M132.5 2.1C101.4 6 71.1 20.5 48.3 42.4c-22.7 21.7-37.5 48.3-44.6 80l-2.2 10.1v837l2.2 10.1c6.7 30 19.3 53.9 39.8 75.3 23.3 24.3 56.4 40.9 90 45 12.8 1.6 1122.2 1.6 1135 0 38.9-4.8 75.9-25.6 100-56.4 15-19.3 24.2-39 29.8-63.9l2.2-10.1v-837l-2.2-10.1c-7.1-31.8-21.9-58.3-44.6-80.1-20.2-19.2-43.9-31.7-73.6-38.5l-9.6-2.3L705 1.4c-321.9-.1-568.5.2-572.5.7zm1123.4 99.5c1.7.4 3.1 1 3.1 1.4 0 .5-125.6 87.7-279 194L700.9 490.2 422 297C268.5 190.7 143 103.4 143 103c0-.5 1-1.1 2.3-1.3 3.5-.7 1107.1-.8 1110.6-.1zM401 404c164.4 113.8 299.4 207 300 207 .6 0 135.6-93.2 300.1-207 164.5-113.9 299.3-207 299.5-207 .2 0 .4 170.9.4 379.7 0 417.9.5 386-6.1 398.3-6.2 11.6-19 21.4-31.9 24.4-5.8 1.4-67.4 1.6-562 1.6s-556.2-.2-562-1.6c-12.9-3-25.7-12.8-31.9-24.4-6.6-12.3-6.1 19.6-6.1-398.3 0-208.8.2-379.7.5-379.7S236.6 290.1 401 404z"></path> </svg></span></a><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-1405" aria-label="Redirect to Doi" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"><span role="img" class="anticon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 256 256" xml:space="preserve" width="1em" height="1em"> <path d="M256 128c0 70.7-57.3 128-128 128S0 198.7 0 128 57.3 0 128 0s128 57.3 128 128z" fill="#a6ce39"></path> <path d="M86.3 186.2H70.9V79.1h15.4v107.1zm22.6-107.1h41.6c39.6 0 57 28.3 57 53.6 0 27.5-21.5 53.6-56.8 53.6h-41.8V79.1zm15.4 93.3h24.5c34.9 0 42.9-26.5 42.9-39.7C191.7 111.2 178 93 148 93h-23.7v79.4zM88.7 56.8c0 5.5-4.5 10.1-10.1 10.1s-10.1-4.6-10.1-10.1c0-5.6 4.5-10.1 10.1-10.1s10.1 4.6 10.1 10.1z" fill="#fff"></path> </svg></span></a>,<gydF4y2Basup>1、2</gydF4y2Basup></span> <span class="articleHeader__authors_author">易黄<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->,<gydF4y2Basup>2、3</gydF4y2Basup></span> <span class="articleHeader__authors_author">和<gydF4y2Ba!-- -->齐相晏婴王<gydF4y2Basup>3</gydF4y2Basup></span> </div> <div class="simpleShowMore"> <button class="simpleShowMore__button">显示更多</bugydF4y2Batton> </div> <div class="articleHeader__academicEditor"> <strong>学术编辑器:</gydF4y2Bastrong> <span>Di刘</gydF4y2Baspan> </div> <div class="articleHeader__timeline"> <div class="articleHeader__timeline_item "> <strong>收到了</gydF4y2Bastrong> <span>2012年1月19日</gydF4y2Baspan> </div> <div class="articleHeader__timeline_item "> <strong>接受</gydF4y2Bastrong> <span>2012年3月25日</gydF4y2Baspan> </div> <div class="articleHeader__timeline_item articleHeader__timeline_item_sticky"> <strong>发表</gydF4y2Bastrong> <span>2012年5月30日</gydF4y2Baspan> </div> </div> </div> <div class="articleBody"> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">文摘</gydF4y2Bah4> <p>为了更好的讨论和理解物理现象和体液交互入水问题,这里机械能运输(楔、流体和对方)自由下落楔入水模型研究了基于自由表面的数值方法捕获方法和笛卡尔切割单元网格。在这种方法中,不可压缩变密度流体欧拉方程数值计算的有限体积方法。然后人工压缩性方法,双重时间步进方法,和罗伊的近似黎曼解算器是应用于数值方案。此外,动量方程和确切的投影方法黎曼解用来计算固体边界上的流体压力。在此基础上,自由落下的楔入水阶段,宏观整体体液系统的能量转换和微观流体领域的能源转型进行了分析和讨论。最后,根据测试用例,许多有用的结论机械能入水问题和交通。</pgydF4y2Ba> <span class="end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction">1。介绍</gydF4y2Bah4> <p>入水的现象是非常普遍的在许多实际项目和重要,所以很明显,研究各种入水模型总是集中在船舶和海洋工程领域。为了更好的讨论和理解物理现象和体液交互在入水阶段,本文主要讨论并研究了机械能运输从两个方面,宏观整体wedge-fluid系统的能量转换和微观流体领域的能量转换,分别。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>然而,这是一个艰巨的任务对于入水问题处理自由表面和固体边界同时移动。此外,体液相互作用在水影响应该增加精度计算的难度和复杂性所讨论的Bunnik和毕希纳<gydF4y2Baa href="#B1">3</gydF4y2Baa>]。因此一个有效的和可用的数值方法基于自由表面捕获方法和笛卡尔切割单元网格研究的w·h·王,王y y<gydF4y2Baa href="#B2">4</gydF4y2Baa>)可以被用来处理自由表面和固体边界移动的困难。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>在这个数值方法,利用自由表面捕获方法讨论了(<gydF4y2Baa href="#B2">4</gydF4y2Baa>- - - - - -<gydF4y2Baa href="#B5">7</gydF4y2Baa>),可变密度流体的不可压缩欧拉方程作为控制方程,应该捕获和自由表面的接触不连续密度场。另一方面,由于其利用方便地更新一些细胞局部固体边界附近,而不是整个流再啮合域,笛卡尔切割单元网格系统如图所示(<gydF4y2Baa href="#B6">8</gydF4y2Baa>- - - - - -<gydF4y2Baa href="#B8">10</gydF4y2Baa>)应用于治疗移动身体。然后,有限体积法进行数值离散化控制方程。在数值方法中,罗伊的近似黎曼解算器讨论Roe (<gydF4y2Baa href="#B9">11</gydF4y2Baa>]介绍了通量评估在每个流体细胞边缘,和准确的黎曼不连续的解决方案研究了w·h·王,王y y<gydF4y2Baa href="#B2">4</gydF4y2Baa>)是实现固体边界上的通量。此外,双重时间步进方法与人工压缩性方法讨论Soh和古德里奇(<gydF4y2Baa href="#B10">12</gydF4y2Baa>是应用于时间推进。此外,体液交互是通过体液完全耦合的计算方法所描述的Kelecy和普莱彻<gydF4y2Baa href="#B11">13</gydF4y2Baa>]。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>在此基础上,能源运输的理论证明了鸟等。<gydF4y2Baa href="#B12">14</gydF4y2Baa>]介绍了入水模型来分析和讨论整体wedge-fluid的规律性对宏观能量转换系统和微观流体领域的能源转型期间入水阶段。最后,通过自由落下的楔入水模型的测试用例,许多有用的结论机械能入水问题和交通。</pgydF4y2Ba> <h4 id="numerical-computational-method-for-water-entry-model">2。入水模型的数值计算方法</gydF4y2Bah4> <h5 id="sec2.1">2.1。控制方程和边界条件</gydF4y2Bah5> <p>这里,自由表面捕获方法应用于治疗水面。二维不可压缩、非定常、非粘性的流体系统与变密度场,固定<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1624999" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>- - -<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.8625002" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>协调轴沿垂直于自由表面,分别,所以保护形式的控制方程可以写如下。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>质量守恒方程:<gydF4y2Baspan class="equation" id="EEq2.1"> <svg height="34.875" id="M3" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 34.875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,34.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-44.1)"> <text 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,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="162.22" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="166.3835" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="172.63499" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="175.76074" y="0"> 3</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="182.01225" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>和不可压缩性约束方程:<gydF4y2Baspan class="equation" id="EEq2.4"> <svg height="33.424999" id="M8" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 33.424999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,33.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-45.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.16,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 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x="6.3765302" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.32" y="-8.7600002"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.347885" y="-8.7600002"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.599384" y="-8.7600002"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="260.22" y="-8.7600002"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="264.38348" y="-8.7600002"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="270.63501" y="-8.7600002"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="273.76074" y="-8.7600002"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="280.01224" y="-8.7600002"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.875" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 9.875" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是流体密度,<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1624999" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:7.5374999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.5374999 7.1624999" width="7.5374999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.4250002" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.0375004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0375004 7.4250002" width="8.0375004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>代表了<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1624999" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>- - -<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.8625002" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>定向流体速度,<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.875" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.7624998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.7624998 9.875" width="7.7624998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是流体压力,<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.3375" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:17.637501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.637501 14.3375" width="17.637501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.25,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.237499" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:17.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.049999 16.237499" width="17.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.25,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1624999" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.8625002" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>分别方向加速度的体力。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>在目前的方法中,两种边界条件应该使用和形容<gydF4y2Baspan class="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(1)</gydF4y2Baspan><span class="list-content">出口或开放边界:零梯度条件应用于速度和密度,和压力在这个边界是固定的静态压力,流体可以自由进入或离开计算域根据当地的流速和方向;</gydF4y2Baspan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(2)</gydF4y2Baspan><span class="list-content">固体边界:假定有一个零正常密度梯度,并没有突破条件可以应用于速度。自由刚体移动的情况下与一个学位(向上或向下)指w·h·王,王y y<gydF4y2Baa href="#B2">4</gydF4y2Baa>),动力投影法(<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq2.2">2。2</gydF4y2Baa>)- (<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq2.3">2。3</gydF4y2Baa>)是用于定义边界条件的压力<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.7125" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:161.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 161.875 14.7125" width="161.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.1396933" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.716991" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.75738" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.920879" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.172379" y="0"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.549629" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.114185" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.390694" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.779724" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,6.16,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,12.96,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8648672" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.553972" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.894194" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.1707" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.322174" y="0"> ]</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,在这里<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.575001" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-4.3161pt;width:16.5375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.5375 16.575001" width="16.5375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,68.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是自由落下的楔的垂直速度与积极向上的方向。</gydF4y2Baspan></span></span></p> <h5 id="sec2.2">2.2。笛卡尔切割单元网格系统</gydF4y2Bah5> <p>在目前的研究中,笛卡尔切割单元网格应用在空间离散化计算域,这可以通过减少固体生成的背景笛卡尔网格。结果,三种细胞(固体、液体、减少细胞)形成的几何和流体信息可以存储。此外,进一步详细信息网格的生成可以称为杨等人的研究。<gydF4y2Baa href="#B6">8</gydF4y2Baa>,<gydF4y2Baa href="#B7">9</gydF4y2Baa>)和Causon et al。<gydF4y2Baa href="#B8">10</gydF4y2Baa>]。</pgydF4y2Ba> <h5 id="sec2.3">2.3。数值离散化方案</gydF4y2Bah5> <p>基于笛卡尔切割单元网格,这里cell-central有限体积方法应用于数值离散化。其中,罗伊的近似黎曼解算器采用计算流体的数值通量在每个边缘细胞,在流体变量重构通过使用分段线性逆风计划,然后一个最小二乘法所讨论的w·h·王,王y y<gydF4y2Baa href="#B2">4</gydF4y2Baa>)和Superbee限幅器如图所示的钱et al。<gydF4y2Baa href="#B3">5</gydF4y2Baa>)是用于实现变量梯度和控制寄生振荡,分别。除此之外,在固体通量边界可以通过精确实现黎曼不连续的解决方案,指的是w·h·王,王y y<gydF4y2Baa href="#B2">4</gydF4y2Baa>]。然后用人工压缩性双重时间步进方法时间推进方法。最后,在一个近似LU分解(ALU)计划所提到的锅和凯文<gydF4y2Baa href="#B13">15</gydF4y2Baa>)应用于解决线性方程。上面的更详细的数值方案可以进一步的研究发现w·h·王,王y y<gydF4y2Baa href="#B2">4</gydF4y2Baa>]。</pgydF4y2Ba> <h5 id="sec2.4">2.4。互动的流体运动</gydF4y2Bah5> <p>自由落下的楔入水模型,一个完全体液速度耦合的方法讨论了其他地方(<gydF4y2Baa href="#B2">4</gydF4y2Baa>,<gydF4y2Baa href="#B11">13</gydF4y2Baa>)是用于计算流体运动。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>首先,新机构的速度可以获得的<gydF4y2Baspan class="equation" id="EEq2.5"> <svg height="49.174999" id="M21" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 49.174999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,49.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-32.66)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,79.11,46.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8600001" y="-2.52"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,91.29,53.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.5100002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,106.51,46.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,112.36,56.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,131.45,48.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.639999" y="9.7399998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.740002" y="7.1054274e-015"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.52,53.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.09,48.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-12.29"> Δ</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.567165" y="-12.29"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.480604" y="-12.29"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,215.11,66.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.3,56.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> b</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> o</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7519999" y="0"> d</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.128" y="0"> y</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 192.63,51.93 38.67,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,207.53,40.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.969999" y="0.98000002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.489998" y="-6.2399998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.339996" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.849998" y="-8.7600002"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.19022" y="-8.7600002"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.353722" y="-8.7600002"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.380886" y="-8.7600002"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.721107" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.235649" y="-8.7600002"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,308.2,53.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.5100002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,323.42,46.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,329.27,56.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,334.51,48.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="130.24001" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="134.4035" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="140.655" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="143.78075" y="0"> 5</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="150.03224" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.8" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:16.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.299999 10.8" width="16.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.8)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.36)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>物理时间间隔,<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1374998" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:11.225px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.225 7.1374998" width="11.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是楔形的质量,<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.575001" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-4.3161pt;width:16.5375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.5375 16.575001" width="16.5375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,68.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2200003"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是身体的垂直速度的物理时间吗<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1374998" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1875" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:10.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是一个放松的参数来控制subiteration的稳定性。越大<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1875" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:10.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是,subiteration的收敛速度越快。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>所示(<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq2.5">2。5</gydF4y2Baa>),一个subiterative过程应在每个物理的时刻,和收敛标准<gydF4y2Basvg height="22.799999" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-4.60577pt;width:167.1375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 167.1375 22.799999" width="167.1375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,22.8)"> <g transform="translate(72,-53.76)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,58.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.46,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.5100002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-46.24,58.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-42.08,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-23.69,58.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.50372" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-1.85,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.5100002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,13.37,58.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,17.53,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,26.25,58.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> <</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,50.79,63.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.99512" y="0"> 3</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。最后收敛<gydF4y2Basvg height="22.799999" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-4.60577pt;width:56.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 56.987499 22.799999" width="56.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,22.8)"> <g transform="translate(72,-53.76)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,58.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.46,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.5100002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-46.24,58.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-42.08,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.7435842" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.738704" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>可以作为新的速度边界条件<gydF4y2Basvg height="19.512501" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-4.60577pt;width:27.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.0625 19.512501" width="27.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.5"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在接下来的物理时间步<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.325" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-0.51414pt;width:33.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.362499 11.325" width="33.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.94)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.9896574" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.329878" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>随后,通过计算<gydF4y2Basvg height="19.512501" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-4.60577pt;width:27.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.0625 19.512501" width="27.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.5"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,新的固体可以通过垂直位移<gydF4y2Baspan class="equation" id="EEq2.6"> <svg height="37.974998" id="M33" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 37.974998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,37.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-41.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.39,50.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.59,55.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.5100002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.28,50.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.26" y="-8.0900002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.110001" y="-10.6"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.24" y="-10.6"> Δ</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.267166" y="-10.6"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.72,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.21"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,224.3,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,241.97,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.5"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,257.19,58.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 187.52,53.55 75.52,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.15,41.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.080002" y="-8.7600002"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.60001" y="-8.7600002"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="246.7635" y="-8.7600002"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="253.015" y="-8.7600002"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="256.14075" y="-8.7600002"> 6</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="262.39224" y="-8.7600002"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<gydF4y2Basvg height="19.512501" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-4.60577pt;width:26.9px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.9 19.512501" width="26.9" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.75,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.5"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是新的位移条件下的固体物理时间步<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.325" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-0.51414pt;width:33.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.362499 11.325" width="33.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.94)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.9896574" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.329878" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</pgydF4y2Ba> <h4 id="theory-of-mechanical-energy-transport-in-fluid-field">3所示。流体的机械能交通领域的理论</gydF4y2Bah4> <h5 id="sec3.1">3.1。机械能的方程</gydF4y2Bah5> <p>为了方便描述机械能方程,(<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq2.2">2。2</gydF4y2Baa>)和(<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq2.3">2。3</gydF4y2Baa>)首先应该重写向量形式:<gydF4y2Baspan class="equation" id="EEq3.1"> <svg height="32.1875" id="M36" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 32.1875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,32.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-46.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,127.32,63.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.4645309" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.62803" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.904535" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.156036" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 127.32,58.32 29.33,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.84,46.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.169998" y="-8.71"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="88.379997" y="-8.71"> ]</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.48" y="-8.75"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.507885" y="-8.75"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.330002" y="-8.75"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.245358" y="-8.75"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.596886" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="75.87339" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.124886" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="95.32" y="-8.75"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.66022" y="-8.75"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="115.79991" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="124.68954" y="-8.75"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="136.02977" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="142.30627" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="150.64578" y="-8.75"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="327.91" y="-8.75"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="332.07349" y="-8.75"> 3</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="338.32501" y="-8.75"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="341.45074" y="-8.75"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="347.70224" y="-8.75"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.1" id="M37" style="vertical-align:-2.54562pt;width:69.849998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 69.849998 14.1" width="69.849998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7148314" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.681643" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.933144" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.273361" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="51.59988" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是流体的速度,<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.8375" id="M38" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:91.587502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 91.587502 16.8375" width="91.587502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.8375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.802832" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.843222" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-39.4,60.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-34.09,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.591721" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-7.79,60.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-2.95,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是身体的流体加速度力,然后呢<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.1" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-2.54562pt;width:138.05px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 138.05 14.1" width="138.05" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.1396933" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.716991" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.75738" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.146412" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.26038" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.736214" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.125248" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.001896" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.253395" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="77.59362" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.982651" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.096619" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.572449" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.961487" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.16297" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>流体压力的梯度。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>然后通过流体速度矢量的点积<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.5500002" id="M40" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:7.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9375 7.5500002" width="7.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-65.96)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>(<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq3.1">3所示。1</gydF4y2Baa>),最终结果是动能的变化方程讨论了鸟et al。<gydF4y2Baa href="#B12">14</gydF4y2Baa>]:<gydF4y2Baspan class="equation" id="EEq3.2"> <svg height="30.862499" id="M41" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 30.862499" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,30.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-47.31)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,72.77,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 70.81,59.37 10.31,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,70.81,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.59" y="-3.8399999"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.15" y="-16.01"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 92.96,59.37 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,92.96,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4400001" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.716506" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,113.01,61.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.88,51.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.759998" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.400002" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="67.959999" y="-12.17"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.08" y="-4.9200001"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.107885" y="-4.9200001"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.130001" y="-4.9200001"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.032856" y="-4.9200001"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 185.84,59.37 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.84,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.726506" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,205.89,61.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.76,51.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6899996" y="-4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.94" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.32" y="-4.9200001"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.660221" y="-4.9200001"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.823719" y="-4.9200001"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.963413" y="-4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="59.853046" y="-4.9200001"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.204567" y="-4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="72.45607" y="-4.9200001"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.395233" y="-4.9200001"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="90.747955" y="-4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.09996" y="-4.9200001"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="103.26346" y="-4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="112.30313" y="-4.9200001"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="118.65466" y="-4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.99416" y="-4.9200001"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="133.23315" y="-4.9200001"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="253.99001" y="-4.9200001"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="258.1535" y="-4.9200001"> 3</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="264.405" y="-4.9200001"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="267.53076" y="-4.9200001"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="273.78226" y="-4.9200001"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在这个方程,<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.637501" id="M42" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:69.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 69.75 16.637501" width="69.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.540029" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.816536" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.79,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-43.92,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.890833" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.366667" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.743196" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是增加单位体积的动能,<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.55" id="M43" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:59.537498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 59.537498 13.55" width="59.537498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.728054" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.867746" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.75738" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.108906" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.360405" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>速度的流体压力的工作环境,<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.637501" id="M44" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:96.3125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 96.3125 16.637501" width="96.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.728054" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.643414" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.994938" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.158436" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.43494" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-24.18,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-19.31,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.890833" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.142332" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>由对流运输动能增加的速度,然后呢<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.55" id="M45" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:48.037498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 48.037498 13.55" width="48.037498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2765059" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.440005" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.467171" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.818695" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.158195" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是体液力所做的功。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>通过引入势能,(<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq3.2">3所示。2</gydF4y2Baa>)假设以下形式,改变机械和势能方程可以写成<gydF4y2Baspan class="equation" id="EEq3.3"> <svg height="72.6875" id="M46" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 72.6875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,72.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-13.85)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,68.33,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 66.37,59.37 10.3,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,66.37,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.58" y="-3.8399999"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.139999" y="-16.01"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3890328" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 88.51,59.37 6.26,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,88.51,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.726506" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,108.56,61.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,116.22,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.969999" y="4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.73" y="4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.370003" y="4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="97.93" y="-7.25"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.604223" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.755699" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.040001" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.080387" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.089996" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.005356" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 214.15,59.37 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,214.15,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4400001" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.716506" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.2,61.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,241.85,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.969999" y="4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.66" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.91" y="4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-124.04" y="26.209999"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.616728" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.768204" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.290001" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="67.630219" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.793716" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.933411" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.823044" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="96.174568" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.42607" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.67757" y="0"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="222.89999" y="-0.28"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="227.06349" y="-0.28"> 3</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="233.315" y="-0.28"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.44075" y="-0.28"> 3</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.69225" y="-0.28"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 115.85,25.91 10.3,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.85,14.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.58" y="-8.7600002"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.7435" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.020004" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.17148" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.372971" y="-8.7600002"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.999798" y="-8.7600002"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.040188" y="-8.7600002"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="66.692741" y="-8.7600002"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.856239" y="-8.7600002"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.771599" y="-8.7600002"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.123123" y="-8.7600002"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="93.286629" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="99.563133" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="105.71461" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="111.91609" y="-8.7600002"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="118.16759" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="124.4191" y="-8.7600002"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="131.35826" y="-8.7600002"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="142.69849" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="151.06299" y="-8.7600002"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="155.22649" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="164.25365" y="-8.7600002"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="170.60518" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="178.94467" y="-8.7600002"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="185.19618" y="-8.7600002"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="348.89999" y="-8.9899998"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="353.06351" y="-8.9899998"> 3</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="359.315" y="-8.9899998"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="362.44073" y="-8.9899998"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="368.69226" y="-8.9899998"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.6125" id="M48" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:59.025002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 59.025002 13.6125" width="59.025002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.540029" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.816536" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.968012" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.169498" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.332996" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.80883" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.197865" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是单位体积增加的势能,然后呢<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.6125" id="M49" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:85.587502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 85.587502 13.6125" width="85.587502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.728054" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.643414" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.994938" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.158436" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.43494" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.586418" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.787907" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.951405" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.202904" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>势能增加的速度是单位体积的对流运输。</pgydF4y2Ba> <h5 id="sec3.2">3.2。在流体领域的宏观平衡机械能</gydF4y2Bah5> <p>最重要的使用微小的动能和势能(<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq3.3">3所示。3</gydF4y2Baa>)发展的宏观机械能量平衡,可以集成在整个流体领域:<gydF4y2Baspan class="equation" id="EEq3.5"> <svg height="38.0625" id="M50" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 38.0625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,38.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-41.55)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,7.14,46.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,12.89,43.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.0015998" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.9160156" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.655392" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,34.2,61.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 32.24,57.77 10.3,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,32.24,45.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.58" y="-3.8299999"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.139999" y="-16"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 54.38,57.77 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,54.38,45.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.726506" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,74.43,59.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,82.08,54.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.98" y="4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.660004" y="7.6999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.616728" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.768204" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.66" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.311596" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.976654" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.004539" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.49,43.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.0015998" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.9160156" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.655392" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.65,49.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.01" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.57" y="-12.17"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.7399998" y="-4.9200001"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.642857" y="-4.9200001"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 218.22,57.77 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.22,45.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.726506" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.27,59.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.92,54.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.969999" y="4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.66" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.91" y="4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81.699997" y="7.6999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.616728" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.768204" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.73" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.381596" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="70.346489" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,333.37,43.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9928479" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.9072638" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.64664" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,351.52,54.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1599998" y="0.0099999998"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.299693" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.189325" y="0.0099999998"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.54085" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.867367" y="0.0099999998"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.11887" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.770466" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.95969" y="0.0099999998"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="113.23" y="0.0099999998"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="117.3935" y="0.0099999998"> 3</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="123.645" y="0.0099999998"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.77075" y="0.0099999998"> 5</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="133.02225" y="0.0099999998"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>接下来基于莱布尼茨公式和高斯法如图所示的鸟et al。<gydF4y2Baa href="#B12">14</gydF4y2Baa>),(<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq3.5">3所示。5</gydF4y2Baa>)可以写成<gydF4y2Baspan class="equation" id="EEq3.6"> <svg height="38.0625" id="M51" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 38.0625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,38.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-41.55)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-7.43,61.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m -9.01,57.77 10.56,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-9.01,45.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.84" y="-1.05"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,10.58,43.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.0015998" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.9160156" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.655392" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,28.74,49.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5500002" y="-12.17"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 37.29,57.77 6.26,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,37.29,45.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.726506" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,57.35,59.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,65,54.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.969999" y="4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.660004" y="7.6999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.616728" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.768204" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.66" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.311596" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.964153" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.004539" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.41,43.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.2926879" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2071037" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.94648" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.86,49.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.82" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.379999" y="-12.17"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.7399998" y="-4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.467334" y="-4.9200001"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 198.24,57.77 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.24,45.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.726506" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,218.29,59.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.95,54.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.969999" y="4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.650002" y="2.51"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.604223" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.755699" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.509998" y="7.1054274e-015"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.524662" y="7.1054274e-015"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.877388" y="7.1054274e-015"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,298.08,51.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,304.42,52.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="2.4100001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.57" y="5.1900001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.67" y="-2.51"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.321596" y="-2.51"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.224213" y="-2.51"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,352.74,43.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.3014398" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2158556" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.955232" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,370.19,54.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1700001" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.897334" y="0.0099999998"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.248857" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.362825" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.614326" y="0.0099999998"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.853321" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.504917" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.631866" y="0.0099999998"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.559998" y="0.0099999998"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="98.723495" y="0.0099999998"> 3</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="104.975" y="0.0099999998"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.10075" y="0.0099999998"> 6</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="114.35225" y="0.0099999998"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.2375" id="M52" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:15.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.8625 11.2375" width="15.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.19)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.7,63.06)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>代表了边界流体速度场。</pgydF4y2Ba> <h4 id="results-of-test-case-and-discussions">4所示。测试用例的结果和讨论</gydF4y2Bah4> <h5 id="sec4.1">4.1。目前的数值方法的验证</gydF4y2Bah5> <p>在本节中,两种创建2 d自由落下的楔入水模型和数值模拟来验证本方法通过比较计算结果与实验数据的赵和Faltinsen<gydF4y2Baa href="#B14">1</gydF4y2Baa>和太阳等。<gydF4y2Baa href="#B15">2</gydF4y2Baa>]。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>第一个测试模型上创建一个正方形域的<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.075" id="M53" style="vertical-align:-0.3135pt;width:62.224998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 62.224998 11.075" width="62.224998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.3269978" y="0"> 米</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.829998" y="0"> ×</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.620087" y="0"> 3</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.947086" y="0"> 米</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>占据一半由空气、水和一半的楔30°是0.5米宽,0.29米高,241公斤的体重。零时间<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.45" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:42.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 42.625 13.45" width="42.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.540269" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.580658" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.832157" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>这种情况下被选为时刻的顶点楔接触自由表面最初的平静。在这里描述的比较与实验数据作为赵和Faltinsen<gydF4y2Baa href="#B14">1</gydF4y2Baa>),楔形是规定的初始速度<gydF4y2Baspan style="font-family:monospace">−</gydF4y2Baspan>6.15米/秒。另一方面,对于第二个测试模型,计算域是一个广场<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.2625" id="M55" style="vertical-align:-0.3135pt;width:93.487503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 93.487503 11.2625" width="93.487503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.2625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.99)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0"> 8</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.704248" y="0"> 米</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.207249" y="0"> ×</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.997337" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.248837" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.374588" y="0"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.626087" y="0"> 5</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.953087" y="0"> 米</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,水深1.1米。此外,楔与45°是0.6米长,0.2米宽,7.787公斤的体重。零的物理时间<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.45" id="M56" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:42.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 42.625 13.45" width="42.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.540269" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.580658" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.832157" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>那一刻,楔顶0.1米从最初的自由表面,然后自由楔开始下降。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>在数值计算中,物理时间<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.8" id="M57" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:16.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.299999 10.8" width="16.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.8)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.36)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>0.0001年代,虚构的时间吗<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.7375" id="M58" style="vertical-align:-0.0627pt;width:24.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.625 10.7375" width="24.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.78,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是0.01秒,人工压缩性系数<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.425" id="M59" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是500,<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1875" id="M60" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:10.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>为0.8,重力加速度为9.81 m / s<gydF4y2Basup>2</gydF4y2Basup>。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>此外固体边界附近的局部网格间距相等<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.5125" id="M61" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:73.474998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 73.474998 13.5125" width="73.474998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.19)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.367147" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.407536" y="0"> Δ</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.434704" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.112022" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>0.01米的细化和定期,然后筛孔尺寸逐渐增大远离边界。因此,非均匀网格(<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.075" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-0.3135pt;width:63.962502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 63.962502 11.075" width="63.962502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> 8</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.503" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.530167" y="0"> ×</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.307751" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.559254" y="0"> 9</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.810753" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>对模型1和<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.2" id="M63" style="vertical-align:-0.3135pt;width:48.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 48.325001 11.2" width="48.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.2)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.04)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 6</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2515001" y="0"> 6</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.278666" y="0"> ×</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.056252" y="0"> 9</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.307751" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>流体模型2)生成的字段,如图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig1/" target="_blank">1</gydF4y2Baa>。</pgydF4y2Ba> <div class="partial-carousel-wrapper"> <div class="floats-partial-section"> <div class="floats-partial-content"> <div class="partial-carousel--full-image partial-carousel-ef15f2c9afcf5d6e0f458e569114740d"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.001a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.001b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs"> <div class="partial-carousel-dots-ef15f2c9afcf5d6e0f458e569114740d partial-carousel-thumbnail"> <button aria-label="Slide to (a) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.001a_th.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (b) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.001b_th.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle--nav"> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev-ef15f2c9afcf5d6e0f458e569114740d partial-carousel-next-prev"> <button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-prev"></button> <button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-next"></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图1</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>全球网的测试模型1 (a)和测试模型2 (b)在流体领域。</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>在图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig2/" target="_blank">2</gydF4y2Baa>,水动力和加速度的时间历史与数值结果和实验并对其优缺点进行了比较,<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.35" id="M64" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:16.7125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.7125 14.35" width="16.7125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.22,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>水动力对楔形,<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1750002" id="M65" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:7.9749999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9749999 7.1750002" width="7.9749999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>楔形的加速度,<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.125" id="M66" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:5.0124998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是物理时间。从图中,可以发现,本方法的计算结果与实验数据吻合较好,赵和Faltinsen [<gydF4y2Baa href="#B14">1</gydF4y2Baa>和太阳等。<gydF4y2Baa href="#B15">2</gydF4y2Baa>]。此外,需要注意的是,有一个小图的峰值加速度曲线的差异<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig2/" target="_blank">2 (b)</gydF4y2Baa>,这可能是由于楔的减少速度在初始入水的瞬间由于阻力的实验设备。</pgydF4y2Ba> <div class="partial-carousel-wrapper"> <div class="floats-partial-section"> <div class="floats-partial-content"> <div class="partial-carousel--full-image partial-carousel-953699cd212d6c3f6859c0c1d3645e45"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.002a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.002b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs"> <div class="partial-carousel-dots-953699cd212d6c3f6859c0c1d3645e45 partial-carousel-thumbnail"> <button aria-label="Slide to (a) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.002a_th.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (b) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.002b_th.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle--nav"> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev-953699cd212d6c3f6859c0c1d3645e45 partial-carousel-next-prev"> <button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-prev"></button> <button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-next"></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图2</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>对比水动力数值解(一个);赵楔加速度(b)和实验数据和Faltinsen<gydF4y2Baa href="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082/">1</gydF4y2Baa>和太阳等。<gydF4y2Baa href="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082/">2</gydF4y2Baa>]。</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>因此,本方法可以验证本文研究可用的和可行的自由落下的楔入水阶段。此外,为了使长期分析的能量传输和控制左和右边界的反射,基于测试模型2,计算域扩大的宽度从0.8米到1.65米以下的数值模拟。</pgydF4y2Ba> <h5 id="sec4.2">4.2。宏观整体Wedge-Fluid系统的能量转换</gydF4y2Bah5> <h6 id="sec4.2.1">4.2.1。准备机械能的变化自由落下的楔形</gydF4y2Bah6> <p>在初始时刻,平静的楔形是0.1米自由自由表面,然后开始下降。在整个运动过程中,总机械能(动能和势能)楔不断变化如下:<gydF4y2Baspan class="equation" id="EEq4.1"> <svg height="114.6875" id="M67" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 114.6875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,114.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,19.75)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,132.07,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 130.49,59.37 10.56,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,130.49,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.84" y="-3.8399999"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.4" y="-16.01"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 152.89,59.37 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.89,47.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.327129" y="-8.7600002"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.54,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8000002" y="-8.1300001"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.204847" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.356323" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,222.57,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.37,51.33)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.11039" y="-4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.12,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.45,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3390212" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,281.05,53.12)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,286.42,56.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-158.27" y="26.32"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 126.56,25.8 10.57,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.56,13.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.85" y="-3.8299999"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.41" y="-16.01"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 148.97,25.8 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,148.97,13.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.327129" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.62,19.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8000002" y="-8.1199999"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.29,17.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.08" y="-4.9200001"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.107885" y="-4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.985016" y="-4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.01218" y="-4.9200001"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.376209" y="-4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,236.92,19.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,245.06,22.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,264.04,19.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,272.37,22.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3515239" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,284.98,19.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,290.34,22.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-137.07001" y="26.219999"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 151.69,-7.67 10.56,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,151.69,-19.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.84" y="-6.2399998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.690001" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.567129" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.718605" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.61,-13.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.41,-13.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3299999" y="-2.51"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.357885" y="-2.51"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.922441" y="-2.51"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.799572" y="-2.51"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.826736" y="-2.51"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.190765" y="-2.51"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,259.85,-13.93)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.22,-10.8)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="199.53" y="-33.799999"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="203.6935" y="-33.799999"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="209.94499" y="-33.799999"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="213.07076" y="-33.799999"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219.32225" y="-33.799999"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.0125" id="M68" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:16.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.375 11.0125" width="16.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.19)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.75,63.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是楔形的垂直坐标中心,<gydF4y2Basvg height="15.0375" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-3.30182pt;width:55.650002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.650002 15.0375" width="55.650002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.7,60.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.86,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.5,60.18)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.7,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是楔形的速度矢量,<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.7125" id="M70" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:16.612499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.612499 14.7125" width="16.612499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>水动力对楔形,<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.1375" id="M71" style="vertical-align:-2.58324pt;width:40.224998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 40.224998 14.1375" width="40.224998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7148314" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.906696" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是向量的重力加速度,<gydF4y2Basvg height="17.7875" id="M72" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:45.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 45.875 17.7875" width="45.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.7875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.77)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.8771296" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.75,57.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8000002" y="-8.1199999"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-45.07,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>楔形的动能,<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.0375" id="M73" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:35.162498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.162498 11.0375" width="35.162498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.8771296" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.028606" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-50.72,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>楔形的势能(在这里吗<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.55" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:35.075001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.075001 13.55" width="35.075001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6648188" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.705208" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>选为零势能的位置)。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>在图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig3/" target="_blank">3</gydF4y2Baa>,历史总机械能的变异率,水动力和速度的自由落下的楔形,<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.9125" id="M75" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:37.150002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 37.150002 10.9125" width="37.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.578738" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.054571" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.706167" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>总能量的变化速度,<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.3" id="M76" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:16.5375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16.5375 11.3" width="16.5375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.3)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.96)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.22)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,63.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是身体的速度。从图中,可以发现基于楔的运动特征在不同的时间间隔,整个运动过程可以分为三个阶段。首先,在楔形影响水面之前,水动力楔很小,可以忽略。因此,楔在空气中不断加速下行。与此同时,楔形的总机械能基本上保持不变。其次,楔形影响自由表面,然后进入水。在这个时间间隔内,固体边界上的水动力突然和迅速提高,这导致楔形减少的速度。因此,楔形逐渐减少和转移到流体的机械能。作为水楔进一步传播,通过水动力楔,身体速度变得越来越少。第三,直到时间进步到0.43年代,楔形的速度降低至零,并将成为相反的方向。 From then on, the wedge moves up and down with small amplitude, which causes the mechanical energy of overall system to alternately convert between wedge and fluid field.</p> <div class="partial-carousel-wrapper"> <div class="floats-partial-section"> <div class="floats-partial-content"> <div class="partial-carousel--full-image partial-carousel-34cbc081d24637ec747c277ba50bcd2b"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.003.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs"> <div class="partial-carousel-dots-34cbc081d24637ec747c277ba50bcd2b partial-carousel-thumbnail"> <button aria-label="Slide to " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.003_th.jpg"><br><strong></strong></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle--nav"> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev-34cbc081d24637ec747c277ba50bcd2b partial-carousel-next-prev"> <button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-prev"></button> <button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-next"></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图3</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>时间历史总能量的变异率(a),水动力(b)和速度(c)的自由落下的楔形。</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>这里时间累积的能量及其变化的历史比自由落下的楔在图中所示<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig4/" target="_blank">4</gydF4y2Baa>,<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.75" id="M77" style="vertical-align:-0.15048pt;width:20.5375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.5375 10.75" width="20.5375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>能量的累积变化,工作流体从楔形累积能量传输到流体领域。楔在整个运动过程的能量转换可以本图中描述。第一阶段的楔在空气中移动,楔形的势能基本上成为身体的动能。在第二阶段的初始入水,潜在的减少等于动能的总和的楔形,增加流体的能量。最后,在第三次间隔楔上下运动。从图中,可以发现,楔形的动能为零,和楔形的势能和流体能量可以改变对方。因此,可以得出结论,在入水阶段自由落下的楔的势能的变化是至关重要的能源运输的整体系统。</pgydF4y2Ba> <div class="partial-carousel-wrapper"> <div class="floats-partial-section"> <div class="floats-partial-content"> <div class="partial-carousel--full-image partial-carousel-0e1002e2fc1b92a673f2027c74eb8a22"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.004a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.004b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs"> <div class="partial-carousel-dots-0e1002e2fc1b92a673f2027c74eb8a22 partial-carousel-thumbnail"> <button aria-label="Slide to (a) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.004a_th.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (b) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.004b_th.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle--nav"> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev-0e1002e2fc1b92a673f2027c74eb8a22 partial-carousel-next-prev"> <button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-prev"></button> <button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-next"></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图4</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig4/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>时间累积的历史变化的能量(a)和自由落下的楔的比值(b)。</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h6 id="sec4.2.2">4.2.2。宏观能源运输整个流体领域</gydF4y2Bah6> <p>为了研究流体的宏观能源运输领域,基于(<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq3.6">3所示。6</gydF4y2Baa>)入水的各种流体场的边界模型应该首先讨论。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>计算域,边缘和出口边界开放,固体边缘楔正在墙边界,,,右边是固定墙边界。因此,在边界<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.6" id="M78" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:43.912498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 43.912498 14.6" width="43.912498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-55.21,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>固体边界的楔形<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.8" id="M79" style="vertical-align:-3.30182pt;width:105.7875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 105.7875 14.8" width="105.7875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.8)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.078857" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.806192" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.83408" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.573914" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.925438" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.77,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-4.32,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≠</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.640053" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,在固定边界(左,右边缘)<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.6" id="M80" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:110.475px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 110.475 14.6" width="110.475" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.078857" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.806192" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.83408" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.573914" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.925438" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.77,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-1.96,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>应该使用。在此基础上,(<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq3.6">3所示。6</gydF4y2Baa>入水模型可以简化为相关)<gydF4y2Baspan class="equation" id="EEq4.4"> <svg height="88.112503" id="M81" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 88.112503" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,88.1125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-1.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,17.61,61.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 16.03,57.77 10.56,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,16.03,45.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.84" y="-1.05"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,35.63,43.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.9928479" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.9072638" y="0"> 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style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.82" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.379999" y="-12.17"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.7399998" y="-4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.454831" y="-4.9200001"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <g> <path d="m 219.98,57.77 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.98,45.89)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.4499998" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.726506" y="-8.75"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.03,59.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.68,54.64)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.98" y="4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.66" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.91" y="4.9200001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.639999" y="7.6999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.616728" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.768204" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.740002" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.391598" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.281708" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,336.07,43.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> u</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> p</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,347.4,54.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-188.31" y="39.68"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-176.96001" y="47.380001"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1700001" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.884831" y="0.0099999998"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.248857" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.362825" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.614326" y="0.0099999998"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.853321" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="45.504917" y="0.0099999998"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.19,3.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.0719521" y="0"> 我</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.5050082" y="0"> g</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.8810081" y="0"> 我</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.314064" y="0"> d</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.47,12.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.52"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.577334" y="-2.52"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.928858" y="-2.52"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.042826" y="-2.52"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.77,11.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.14,12.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.52"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.581596" y="-2.52"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.708546" y="-2.52"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.61" y="-21.18"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="233.7735" y="-21.18"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="240.02499" y="-21.18"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="243.15074" y="-21.18"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="249.40225" y="-21.18"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <p>在这个方程,<gydF4y2Basvg height="21.2875" id="M82" style="vertical-align:-6.03044pt;width:160.9875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 160.9875 21.2875" width="160.9875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-54.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.82" y="0.02"> ∫</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.68,56.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.0324001" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.946816" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.686192" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-43.59,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.440005" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-26.82,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-21.94,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.490497" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.843222" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.119726" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.271202" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.472691" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.636189" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.287785" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.477013" y="0"> ]</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.640511" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.116341" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.767937" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>动能和势能的增加率在流体领域,<gydF4y2Basvg height="21.725" id="M83" style="vertical-align:-6.38155pt;width:172.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 172.5625 21.725" width="172.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-54.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.65" y="0.02"> ∫</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.85,56.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> u</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> p</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.6,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.890833" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.242357" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.405855" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.682362" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.59,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-6.71,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.503" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.843222" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.119726" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.271202" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.472691" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.636189" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.887691" y="0"> ]</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.051189" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.702785" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是动能和势能的流体场边界的对流,<gydF4y2Basvg height="20.924999" id="M84" style="vertical-align:-6.38155pt;width:94.849998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 94.849998 20.924999" width="94.849998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.65" y="0.02"> ∫</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.85,57.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> u</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> p</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.6,61.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.890833" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.242357" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.356323" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.607822" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.771324" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.42292" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是工作压力的速度边界,然后呢<gydF4y2Basvg height="20.9375" id="M85" style="vertical-align:-6.39032pt;width:111.4875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 111.4875 20.9375" width="111.4875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.65" y="0.02"> ∫</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.85,57.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.0719521" y="0"> 我</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.5050082" y="0"> g</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.8810081" y="0"> 我</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="12.314064" y="0"> d</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-40.65,61.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.87833" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.242357" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.356323" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-8.04,58.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-2.68,61.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.815095" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是完成工作的速度楔的固体边界的压力。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>基于亥姆霍兹速度分解定理,流体速度可以写成<gydF4y2Baspan class="equation" id="EEq4.5"> <svg height="44.762501" id="M86" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 44.762501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,44.7625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-36.19)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,130.39,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.58,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.37,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.59,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,180.27,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.66,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.97,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-72.209999" y="22.1"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.303911" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.644133" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.995659" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.647251" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.624409" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.977131" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.491676" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.143272" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="82.344757" y="0"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="261.78" y="0.63"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="265.94351" y="0.63"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="272.19501" y="0.63"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="275.32074" y="0.63"> 3</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="281.57224" y="0.63"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.95,37.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,146.27,41.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.49,37.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.340992" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,179.69,41.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,197.09,37.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.93,41.1)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.616247" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.968971" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.320496" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.972092" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.624409" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.964626" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="69.479172" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.130768" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.007416" y="0"> ,</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="262.82001" y="1.11"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="266.98349" y="1.11"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="273.23499" y="1.11"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="276.36075" y="1.11"> 4</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="282.61224" y="1.11"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.3625" id="M88" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:23.975px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.975 14.3625" width="23.975" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.237499" id="M89" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:23.387501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.387501 16.237499" width="23.387501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.340992" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1624999" id="M90" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>- - -<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.8625002" id="M91" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>转化液速度和点<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.75" id="M92" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:11.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.875 10.75" width="11.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.7" id="M93" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:78.262497px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 78.262497 14.7" width="78.262497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.9,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.11,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.41692" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.5,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-26.19,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8648672" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.6" id="M94" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:76.237503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 76.237503 16.6" width="76.237503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.9,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.59,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.429422" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.97,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-27.13,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8523636" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1624999" id="M95" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.8625002" id="M96" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>线性变形速度的流体,<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.6" id="M97" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:155.3125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 155.3125 16.6" width="155.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8148546" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.855244" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.018744" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.407776" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-32.35,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-27.03,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8523636" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.829517" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.182241" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.571274" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,16.73,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,21.57,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8648672" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.741516" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.905016" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.38085" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是流体的剪切变形速度,<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.6" id="M98" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:158.02499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 158.02499 16.6" width="158.02499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.977874" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.018263" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.181763" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.570793" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30.18,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-25.34,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8523636" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.504681" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.857405" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.246437" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,19.1,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,24.41,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8523636" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.053852" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.217352" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.693186" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>周围的旋转角速度点吗<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.75" id="M99" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:11.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.875 10.75" width="11.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<gydF4y2Basvg height="14.1" id="M100" style="vertical-align:-2.54562pt;width:86.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 86.625 14.1" width="86.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.72)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0146627" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.055052" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.706648" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.583298" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="40.834797" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.175018" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.826614" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.028107" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是位置向量点<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.75" id="M101" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:11.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.875 10.75" width="11.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.75)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.4)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>为了准确、合理的计算<gydF4y2Basvg height="21.2875" id="M102" style="vertical-align:-6.03044pt;width:160.9875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 160.9875 21.2875" width="160.9875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-54.97)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.82" y="0.02"> ∫</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.6515961" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.68,56.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.0324001" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.946816" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.686192" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-43.59,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.440005" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-26.82,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-21.94,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.490497" y="0"> +</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.843222" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.119726" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.271202" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.472691" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.636189" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.287785" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.477013" y="0"> ]</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.640511" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.116341" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.767937" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,这里自由落下的楔入水的流体运动模型应该讨论。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>在图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig5/" target="_blank">5</gydF4y2Baa>、自由表面速度矢量,<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1624999" id="M103" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>- - -<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.8625002" id="M104" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>线性变形、剪切变形和转动角速度0.21秒的时候。从这个图中,可以发现,入水模型与空气和水,液体不仅是旋转运动,但也包括线性和剪切变形。</pgydF4y2Ba> <div class="partial-carousel-wrapper"> <div class="floats-partial-section"> <div class="floats-partial-content"> <div class="partial-carousel--full-image partial-carousel-9f3487e134058383ae5c6cc6e25be453"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.005a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.005b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(c)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.005c.jpg"> <br> <strong>(c)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(d)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.005d.jpg"> <br> <strong>(d)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(e)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.005e.jpg"> <br> <strong>(e)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(f)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.005f.jpg"> <br> <strong>(f)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs"> <div class="partial-carousel-dots-9f3487e134058383ae5c6cc6e25be453 partial-carousel-thumbnail"> <button aria-label="Slide to (a) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.005a_th.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (b) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.005b_th.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (c) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(c)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.005c_th.jpg"><br><strong>(c)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (d) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(d)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.005d_th.jpg"><br><strong>(d)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (e) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(e)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.005e_th.jpg"><br><strong>(e)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (f) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(f)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.005f_th.jpg"><br><strong>(f)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle--nav"> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev-9f3487e134058383ae5c6cc6e25be453 partial-carousel-next-prev"> <button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-prev"></button> <button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-next"></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图5</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig5/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>流体运动的信息0.21秒的时刻。(一)自由表面;(b)速度矢量;(c)<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1624999" id="M105" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>- - - (d)<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.8625002" id="M106" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>-linear-deforming速度;(e)剪切变形速度;(f)旋转角速度。</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>此外,图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig6/" target="_blank">6</gydF4y2Baa>显示了数值解的时间记录工作和对流除了流体领域,增加流体的能量没有或考虑<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1875" id="M107" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.6875 7.1875" width="7.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.9375" id="M108" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0625 9.9375" width="8.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1875" id="M109" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:10.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在整个和初始入水阶段,<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.025" id="M110" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt;width:14.325px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.325 11.025" width="14.325" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.18)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.9,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="12.925" id="M111" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:13.7375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.7375 12.925" width="13.7375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.66)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.9,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1624999" id="M112" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.8625002" id="M113" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.875 9.8625002" width="7.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.8625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>线性变形,<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.9375" id="M114" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0625 9.9375" width="8.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是剪切变形,<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1875" id="M115" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:10.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是旋转角速度。如这个图所示,结果表明,在计算流体能量通过有限体积方法入水模型与水和空气,忽视的影响<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1875" id="M116" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.6875 7.1875" width="7.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.9375" id="M117" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0625 9.9375" width="8.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1875" id="M118" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:10.7625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>可能会产生数值误差。因此,为了更准确地预测整个流体的能量变化,流体旋转运动和变形应考虑数值有限体积方法。</pgydF4y2Ba> <div class="partial-carousel-wrapper"> <div class="floats-partial-section"> <div class="floats-partial-content"> <div class="partial-carousel--full-image partial-carousel-38076bbeecf0c5dc979c113a1415540b"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.006a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.006b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs"> <div class="partial-carousel-dots-38076bbeecf0c5dc979c113a1415540b partial-carousel-thumbnail"> <button aria-label="Slide to (a) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.006a_th.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (b) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.006b_th.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle--nav"> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev-38076bbeecf0c5dc979c113a1415540b partial-carousel-next-prev"> <button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-prev"></button> <button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-next"></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图6</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig6/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>时间数值解的历史工作和对流流体场和增加的流体能量没有或考虑<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1875" id="M119" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.6875 7.1875" width="7.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<gydF4y2Basvg height="9.9375" id="M120" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0625 9.9375" width="8.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<gydF4y2Basvg height="7.1875" id="M121" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.7625 7.1875" width="10.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在整个和初始入水阶段。</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>在图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig7/" target="_blank">7</gydF4y2Baa>,时间累积的能量变化的历史及其在流体领域比证明,在流体领域和总能量的增加来自于工作和对流边界。这里累计能源及其比值的变化分析了在三个时间间隔。在第一阶段,楔形尚未进入水。它可以发现在流体领域的势能图仍然保持不变。接下来的第二阶段,楔形穿过水面。增加总能量在流体领域所有成为动能和势能。最后,在第三次间隔,时间推进楔上下运动,导致动力学和潜在的总能量的比例有一个振荡约25%和75%,分别。</pgydF4y2Ba> <div class="partial-carousel-wrapper"> <div class="floats-partial-section"> <div class="floats-partial-content"> <div class="partial-carousel--full-image partial-carousel-f7a7f5bd09b8d6ee8188981f402220d9"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.007a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.007b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs"> <div class="partial-carousel-dots-f7a7f5bd09b8d6ee8188981f402220d9 partial-carousel-thumbnail"> <button aria-label="Slide to (a) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.007a_th.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (b) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.007b_th.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle--nav"> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev-f7a7f5bd09b8d6ee8188981f402220d9 partial-carousel-next-prev"> <button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-prev"></button> <button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-next"></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图7</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig7/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>时间累积的历史变化的能量(a)及其比值(b)在流体领域。</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>此外,需要注意的是,在第三阶段流体能量的变化重复正负振荡,为了明确地讨论和分析流体能量的传递现象的自由落下的楔入水模型,在以下研究计算选择时间范围从0 - 0.4 s,这是流体能量的时间间隔单调增加。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig8/" target="_blank">8</gydF4y2Baa>演示时间历史与比率(a)和(b)速度的能量变化在流体领域在最初入水。从图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig8/" target="_blank">8(一个)</gydF4y2Baa>,它可以获得工作的比例由楔增加流体的能量约等于1.0,这表明,楔形完成的工作是主要的起源和变化的原因和运输的液体能量。</pgydF4y2Ba> <div class="partial-carousel-wrapper"> <div class="floats-partial-section"> <div class="floats-partial-content"> <div class="partial-carousel--full-image partial-carousel-a3b953ca82a6ebd2e0b4b0d15c7ebd20"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.008a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.008b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs"> <div class="partial-carousel-dots-a3b953ca82a6ebd2e0b4b0d15c7ebd20 partial-carousel-thumbnail"> <button aria-label="Slide to (a) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.008a_th.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (b) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.008b_th.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle--nav"> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev-a3b953ca82a6ebd2e0b4b0d15c7ebd20 partial-carousel-next-prev"> <button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-prev"></button> <button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-next"></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图8</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig8/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>时间历史与比率(a)和(b)速度的能量变化在流体领域在最初入水的时刻。</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>此外,变异率和动能,潜在和总能量是画在图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig8/" target="_blank">8 (b)</gydF4y2Baa>,它可以描述流体能量的传递现象,结合流体运动。楔在空气中移动,时间间隔期间的水动力楔很小,所以动能的利率,在流体领域潜力,总能量是分钟,近似为零。在入水的初始阶段,与高压峰值脉冲水动力楔导致流体固体边界附近的粒子加速和自由液面上升,这将导致快速增长的动能和势能不断增强。楔块通过自由表面,迫使楔对流体的影响降低,在流体领域,动能逐渐降低。与物理时间的推进,由于流体压力和减速效果的进一步减少重力,动能的速度变得消极。然而,此刻的全球方向流体自由表面附近速度仍然上升,导致势能不断加剧。楔形进一步传播为水,为了重力、流体自由表面附近最终就倒了,在流体领域的势能的速度会是负的,同时动能将相应提高。</pgydF4y2Ba> <h6 id="sec4.2.3">4.2.3。能量守恒整体体液系统的有效性</gydF4y2Bah6> <p>与流体速度增加能源和减少楔能源比较图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig9/" target="_blank">9</gydF4y2Baa>。从图中,很明显,这两种变体的液体和楔能源几乎是相同的,和一个非常小的差异可能是由于分钟工作或对流边界。因此,可以得出结论,节能的总体系统能满足当前的数值方法。</pgydF4y2Ba> <div class="partial-carousel-wrapper"> <div class="floats-partial-section"> <div class="floats-partial-content"> <div class="partial-carousel--full-image partial-carousel-4525efd7ba0000495e9f9b8eb768f344"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.009a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.009b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs"> <div class="partial-carousel-dots-4525efd7ba0000495e9f9b8eb768f344 partial-carousel-thumbnail"> <button aria-label="Slide to (a) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.009a_th.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (b) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.009b_th.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle--nav"> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev-4525efd7ba0000495e9f9b8eb768f344 partial-carousel-next-prev"> <button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-prev"></button> <button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-next"></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图9</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig9/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>比较有价值的和它的速度和增加流体能量和减少楔能源在入水的初期阶段。</gydF4y2Batd> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec4.3">4.3。在流体领域微观能量转换</gydF4y2Bah5> <p>在本部分中,为进一步更好的研究流体能量变化和传输,在流体领域一些微观的细节(如速度矢量、压力梯度和分布的瞬态变化为动能和势能)讨论三个经典时刻(<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.0375" id="M122" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:51.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 11.0375" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 6</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>、0.18和0.27),选择从图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig8/" target="_blank">8</gydF4y2Baa>。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>在<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.0375" id="M123" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:51.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 11.0375" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 6</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>年代,楔形尚未联系和自由表面的影响,和空气中的变化的液体能源信息可以被描述和研究如图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10</gydF4y2Baa>。</pgydF4y2Ba> <div class="partial-carousel-wrapper"> <div class="floats-partial-section"> <div class="floats-partial-content"> <div class="partial-carousel--full-image partial-carousel-2b486a8dc6fd5ff406e26980638815a0"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0010a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0010b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(c)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0010c.jpg"> <br> <strong>(c)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(d)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0010d.jpg"> <br> <strong>(d)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(e)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0010e.jpg"> <br> <strong>(e)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(f)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0010f.jpg"> <br> <strong>(f)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(g)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0010g.jpg"> <br> <strong>(g)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(h)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0010h.jpg"> <br> <strong>(h)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(我)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0010i.jpg"> <br> <strong>(我)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(j)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0010j.jpg"> <br> <strong>(j)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(k)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0010k.jpg"> <br> <strong>(k)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(左)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0010l.jpg"> <br> <strong>(左)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs"> <div class="partial-carousel-dots-2b486a8dc6fd5ff406e26980638815a0 partial-carousel-thumbnail"> <button aria-label="Slide to (a) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0010a_th.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (b) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0010b_th.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (c) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(c)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0010c_th.jpg"><br><strong>(c)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (d) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(d)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0010d_th.jpg"><br><strong>(d)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (e) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(e)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0010e_th.jpg"><br><strong>(e)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (f) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(f)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0010f_th.jpg"><br><strong>(f)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (g) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(g)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0010g_th.jpg"><br><strong>(g)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (h) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(h)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0010h_th.jpg"><br><strong>(h)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (i) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(我)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0010i_th.jpg"><br><strong>(我)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (j) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(j)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0010j_th.jpg"><br><strong>(j)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (k) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(k)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0010k_th.jpg"><br><strong>(k)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (l) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(左)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0010l_th.jpg"><br><strong>(左)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle--nav"> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev-2b486a8dc6fd5ff406e26980638815a0 partial-carousel-next-prev"> <button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-prev"></button> <button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-next"></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图10</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>微观流体能量的细节<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.0375" id="M124" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 11.0375" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 6</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>年代。(一)自由表面轮廓;(b)速度矢量;(c)对流的动能;(d)对流向量的动能(高到低);(e)所做的工作压力;(f)对流向量的压力;(g)重力所做的功;(h)重力向量;(我)对流的势能; (j) convective vector of potential energy; (k) transient change of kinetic energy; (l) transient change of potential energy.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>在图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10</gydF4y2Baa>,微观流体能量的细节<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.0375" id="M125" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:51.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 11.0375" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 6</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>年代。首先根据(<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq3.2">3所示。2</gydF4y2Baa>)和(<gydF4y2Baa href="#EEq3.3">3所示。4</gydF4y2Baa>),各种影响因素变化的液体能源数据所示<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (c)</gydF4y2Baa>- - - - - -<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (j)</gydF4y2Baa>,分别先后动能的对流运输<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.637501" id="M126" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:96.3125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 96.3125 16.637501" width="96.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.728054" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.643414" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.994938" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.158436" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.43494" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-24.18,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-19.31,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.890833" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.142332" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,对流向量的动能(从高到低)<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.637501" id="M127" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:78.087502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 78.087502 16.637501" width="78.087502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.479914" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.831438" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.994938" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.271442" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-28.35,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-23.47,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,工作压力<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.55" id="M128" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:59.537498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 59.537498 13.55" width="59.537498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.728054" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.867746" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.75738" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.108906" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.360405" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,对流向量的压力<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.325" id="M129" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:29.9px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 29.9 13.325" width="29.9" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.34)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.704248" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,重力所做的功<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.55" id="M130" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:48.037498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 48.037498 13.55" width="48.037498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.2765059" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.440005" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.467171" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.818695" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.158195" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,重力矢量<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.6875" id="M131" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:10.55px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.55 10.6875" width="10.55" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.45)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,对流的潜在能量<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.6125" id="M132" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:85.587502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 85.587502 13.6125" width="85.587502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.728054" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.643414" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.994938" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.158436" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.43494" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.586418" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.787907" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.951405" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="64.202904" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,对流矢量的势能<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.6125" id="M133" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:67.362503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 67.362503 13.6125" width="67.362503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> ∇</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.479914" y="0"> ⋅</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.831438" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.994938" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.271442" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.42292" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.624409" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。从图中,可以发现这些上述因素的影响变化的液体能源与流体速度的方向和价值。现在的数据<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (e)</gydF4y2Baa>和<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (f)</gydF4y2Baa>例如,和图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (f)</gydF4y2Baa>显示了对流流体压力的方向(从高到低)。通过比较对流向量的压力与速度矢量图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (b)</gydF4y2Baa>,很明显,方向与上述两种类型的向量是相同的在大多数地区,除了附近的一个小地方区域连续两个楔形边缘,导致区域分布的增加或减少流体能量图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (e)</gydF4y2Baa>。此外,如图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (b)</gydF4y2Baa>流体速度是最大的两个角落楔。因此在图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (e)</gydF4y2Baa>,有两个深红色区域率最高的能量除了由工作压力的楔形根据流体速度。通过综合分析所有影响因素,暂态动能的变化<gydF4y2Basvg height="16.637501" id="M134" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:69.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 69.75 16.637501" width="69.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.6375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.69)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.540029" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.816536" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.79,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-43.92,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.727334" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.890833" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.366667" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.743196" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和潜在的能量<gydF4y2Basvg height="13.6125" id="M135" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:59.025002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 59.025002 13.6125" width="59.025002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3765302" y="0"> (</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.540029" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.816536" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.968012" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.169498" y="0"> )</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="33.332996" y="0"> /</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.80883" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.197865" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>可以描述的数据吗<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (k)</gydF4y2Baa>和<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10(左)</gydF4y2Baa>。从图,因为由重力势能的对流和工作几乎是相同的,势能将保持不变,如图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10(左)</gydF4y2Baa>。另一方面,由于对流的影响交通和工作压力和重力,动能将不同固体边界附近的楔形。此外,只有在非常分钟楔两直边的区域,图的颜色<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10 (k)</gydF4y2Baa>是深蓝色,流体的动能很迅速减少。但在其他区域附近楔动能或多或少会增加。</pgydF4y2Ba> <p>图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11</gydF4y2Baa>演示了微观流体能量信息<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.9125" id="M136" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:51.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 10.9125" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 8</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>年代。从数据<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">(11日)</gydF4y2Baa>和<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11 (b)</gydF4y2Baa>,可以发现,在这一刻楔穿刺自由表面,水沿着山坡上升边缘,位移波的形成。与此同时,身体和自由表面之间的空气逃脱和分离楔角的形成一对对称的漩涡。所有有影响力的影响变化的液体能源数据所示<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11 (c)</gydF4y2Baa>- - - - - -<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11 (j)</gydF4y2Baa>分别,然后研究了实现瞬态变化的动能和势能的分布如图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11 (k)</gydF4y2Baa>和<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11(左)</gydF4y2Baa>。在<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.9125" id="M137" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:51.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 10.9125" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 8</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>年代,楔形已进入水和部队自由表面向上的上升,从而导致增加势能在边坡楔在图的边缘<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11(左)</gydF4y2Baa>。此外,根据对流和工作数据<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11 (c)</gydF4y2Baa>,<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11 (e)</gydF4y2Baa>,<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11 (g)</gydF4y2Baa>,它可以获得的工作压力是动能能量变化的主要原因。在图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11 (f)</gydF4y2Baa>由于自由落下的楔的运动特点<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.9125" id="M138" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:51.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 10.9125" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 8</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>年代,有两个著名的低压区在角落楔,导致显著增加边坡边缘和伟大的减少两直边的工作压力和动能和数字<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11 (e)</gydF4y2Baa>和<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11 (k)</gydF4y2Baa>,分别。</pgydF4y2Ba> <div class="partial-carousel-wrapper"> <div class="floats-partial-section"> <div class="floats-partial-content"> <div class="partial-carousel--full-image partial-carousel-90598a18e1432389ddfc3e9173c1a67f"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img 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<strong>(我)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(j)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0011j.jpg"> <br> <strong>(j)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(k)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0011k.jpg"> <br> <strong>(k)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(左)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0011l.jpg"> <br> <strong>(左)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs"> <div class="partial-carousel-dots-90598a18e1432389ddfc3e9173c1a67f partial-carousel-thumbnail"> <button aria-label="Slide to (a) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" 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src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0011i_th.jpg"><br><strong>(我)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (j) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(j)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0011j_th.jpg"><br><strong>(j)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (k) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(k)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0011k_th.jpg"><br><strong>(k)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (l) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(左)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0011l_th.jpg"><br><strong>(左)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle--nav"> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev-90598a18e1432389ddfc3e9173c1a67f partial-carousel-next-prev"> <button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-prev"></button> <button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-next"></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图11</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>微观流体能量的细节<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.9125" id="M139" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 10.9125" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 8</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>年代。(一)自由表面轮廓;(b)速度矢量;(c)对流的动能;(d)对流向量的动能(高到低);(e)所做的工作压力;(f)对流向量的压力;(g)重力所做的功;(h)重力向量;(我)对流的势能; (j) convective vector of potential energy; (k) transient change of kinetic energy; (l) transient change of potential energy.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>流体动能和势能的详细信息<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.9125" id="M140" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:51.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 10.9125" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 7</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>画在图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" target="_blank">12</gydF4y2Baa>。在这个时候,两个路口之间的楔形和自由表面直接双方的最高点,和两个空气漩涡远离楔。以同样的方式,各种有影响力的影响流体能量可以实现数据的变化<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" target="_blank">12 (c)</gydF4y2Baa>- - - - - -<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" target="_blank">12 (j)</gydF4y2Baa>,并在此基础上的瞬态分布转换动能和势能中演示了数据<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" target="_blank">12 (k)</gydF4y2Baa>和<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" target="_blank">12(左)</gydF4y2Baa>。这些数据所示,自由表面的位置和运动趋势确定瞬态变化的颜色分布为动能和势能,也就是说,黄绿色的区域颜色如图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" target="_blank">12 (k)</gydF4y2Baa>或图的蓝色<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" target="_blank">12(左)</gydF4y2Baa>代表现在的自由表面的位置将走向红色的区域图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" target="_blank">12 (k)</gydF4y2Baa>或红黄颜色的图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" target="_blank">12(左)</gydF4y2Baa>。此外,通过分析各种轮廓之间的差值,它可以发现,此刻的自由表面就会向上和向外速度越来越少,导致势能的增加和减少的动能。</pgydF4y2Ba> <div class="partial-carousel-wrapper"> <div class="floats-partial-section"> <div class="floats-partial-content"> <div class="partial-carousel--full-image partial-carousel-28ecb8e3f51ac0bbd69f97e77e99de0b"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0012a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(b)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0012b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(c)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0012c.jpg"> <br> <strong>(c)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(d)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0012d.jpg"> <br> <strong>(d)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(e)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0012e.jpg"> <br> <strong>(e)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(f)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0012f.jpg"> <br> <strong>(f)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(g)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0012g.jpg"> <br> <strong>(g)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(h)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0012h.jpg"> <br> <strong>(h)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(我)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0012i.jpg"> <br> <strong>(我)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(j)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0012j.jpg"> <br> <strong>(j)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(k)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0012k.jpg"> <br> <strong>(k)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="(左)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/figures/738082.fig.0012l.jpg"> <br> <strong>(左)</gydF4y2Bastrong> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs"> <div class="partial-carousel-dots-28ecb8e3f51ac0bbd69f97e77e99de0b partial-carousel-thumbnail"> <button aria-label="Slide to (a) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(一)gydF4y2Ba" 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src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0012i_th.jpg"><br><strong>(我)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (j) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(j)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0012j_th.jpg"><br><strong>(j)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (k) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(k)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0012k_th.jpg"><br><strong>(k)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> <button aria-label="Slide to (l) " class="partial-carousel-dot"><img loading="lazy" alt="(左)gydF4y2Ba" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jam/volume-2012/738082/thumbnails/738082.fig.0012l_th.jpg"><br><strong>(左)</gydF4y2Bastrong></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle--nav"> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev-28ecb8e3f51ac0bbd69f97e77e99de0b partial-carousel-next-prev"> <button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-prev"></button> <button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-next"></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图12</gydF4y2Baspan> <a aria-label="View full page" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>微观流体能量的细节<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.9125" id="M141" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 10.9125" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 7</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>年代。(一)自由表面轮廓;(b)速度矢量;(c)对流的动能;(d)对流向量的动能(高到低);(e)所做的工作压力;(f)对流向量的压力;(g)重力所做的功;(h)重力向量;(我)对流的势能; (j) convective vector of potential energy; (k) transient change of kinetic energy; (l) transient change of potential energy.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>最后通过综合分析数据<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10</gydF4y2Baa>- - - - - -<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" target="_blank">12</gydF4y2Baa>在流体领域,可以得出结论,动能和势能的变化只是局部发生楔和自由表面附近。此外,通过比较数据<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10</gydF4y2Baa>- - - - - -<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" target="_blank">12</gydF4y2Baa>彼此,动能和势能的变化<gydF4y2Basvg height="11.0375" id="M142" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:51.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 11.0375" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.4)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 6</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>年代相对。接下来,在<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.9125" id="M143" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:51.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 10.9125" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 1</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 8</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>年代,动能和势能呈现出快速增长趋势,变化的速度和动能相对最大。最后的时刻<gydF4y2Basvg height="10.9125" id="M144" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:51.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.75 10.9125" width="51.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> =</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> 0</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.668659" y="0"> 。</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.794409" y="0"> 2</gydF4y2Batspan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.04591" y="0"> 7</gydF4y2Batspan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>年代,势能是积极的和相对最大,但动能在流体领域全球似乎是一个下行的趋势。因此,流体能量的微观信息数据<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig10/" target="_blank">10</gydF4y2Baa>,<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig11/" target="_blank">11</gydF4y2Baa>,<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig12/" target="_blank">12</gydF4y2Baa>可以验证和支持宏观流体的动能和势能场的变化趋势如图<gydF4y2Baa href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jam/2012/738082/fig8/" target="_blank">8</gydF4y2Baa>。</pgydF4y2Ba> <h4 id="conclusions">5。结论</gydF4y2Bah4> <p>摘要自由表面捕获方法和笛卡尔切割单元网格进行数值模拟自由落下的楔入水模型。通过计算结果,体液的物理现象和机械能量传输交互系统研究从宏观整体体液系统的能量转换和微观流体领域的能量转换。终于可以做一些有用的结论如下:<gydF4y2Baspan class="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(1)</gydF4y2Baspan><span class="list-content">本文的方法,节能总是满足在整个阶段的数值计算;</gydF4y2Baspan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(2)</gydF4y2Baspan><span class="list-content">自由落下的楔入水模型的空气和水,流体运动不仅包括旋转角速度也线性和剪切变形,这将会影响流体能量的数值计算采用有限体积法,应当考虑的;</gydF4y2Baspan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(3)</gydF4y2Baspan><span class="list-content">在入水的初始阶段,整个系统势能的变化自由落下的楔形是能源运输的重要来源,这将改变楔的动能,动能,势能的液体;</gydF4y2Baspan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(4)</gydF4y2Baspan><span class="list-content">在初始阶段自由落下的楔入水,与楔所做的工作相比,能源交通开放边界的变化可以忽略流体的能量。此外,流体压力的梯度引起的楔形是流体运动的基本和原始致因和能源运输在流体领域;</gydF4y2Baspan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(5)</gydF4y2Baspan><span class="list-content">在初始阶段自由落下的楔入水,动能和势能的变化规律在流体领域研究并成功与流体运动有关。</gydF4y2Baspan></span></span></p> <p>此外,在未来研究其他入水问题(如与匀速入水,入水的弹性体)应该研究和分析。</pgydF4y2Ba> </div> </div> <div class="ArticleReferences_xmlContent__p_40j"> <h4 class="ArticleReferences_references__GH2t_" id="references">引用</gydF4y2Bah4> <ol class="ArticleReferences_orderedReferences__mJr9M"> <li class="ArticleReferences_articleReference__ouEuh" id="B14"> <div class="referenceContent"> <p class="referenceText">r .赵和o . m . 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