核磁共振在神经科学

磁共振(MR)已授权神经科学工具调查的内部结构和运作中枢神经系统(CNS)。与许多成像技术,提供一个包中的多个模式,使科学家访问广泛的未知从微观结构到大脑的生理。先生在这个问题上,发展结构和功能成像、光谱、图像处理和应用提出了可以扩大MRI的能力在解开一些大脑的奥秘。这些作品表明,尽管其MRI快速增长仍有进一步发展的空间和渗透在神经科学的研究。

东等人解决的两个主要挑战在光谱学,整个大脑覆盖率和敏感度。他们提出一种技术,利用多通道技术,一个强有力的信号检测方案,增加大脑的灵敏度的光谱学先生。此外,东等人提供覆盖整个大脑的选择方法,同时利用多通道射频线圈来提高信噪比,以使整个大脑光谱学代谢物检测一个可行的工具。博士张,第二,占用多发性硬化症(MS)、MRI的发明后不久,被认为受益最所有软组织对比度高的中枢神经系统疾病中这种技术。尽管它能够获得精美的图片脱髓鞘斑块,MRI没有履行其未申报的承诺实现成像诊断女士在他的评论,Zhang博士把人的注意力吸引到了高阶的敏感图像,先生,内部体素信号变化或纹理,强调他女士的异构特性提供了一种图像分析技术去接斑强度的变化模式,同时可以量化的病理变化。这种技术可能会成为一个敏感的工具寻找这种疾病的发病机制和监测进展。n . Robitaille博士和他的同事们已经标准化的问题的图像在多中心研究。采取MRI的下一个阶段的验证结果为临床应用中,孤立的结果必须由地理上分开团队复制使用不同的硬件。这样的多中心研究有助于加强发现的优点,最终扩大了MRI在其神经系统应用的范围。这些调查人员提供了一个强度标准化技术纠正scanner-dependent强度变化,每个参与者的多中心研究深受和每个人都会欢迎一个解决方案。 Another paper of this issue offers a novel automatic technique, which is both simple and robust and able to use tissue-spatial intensity information to forge a more sensitive measure of brain-tissue assessment. The following paper is also from the Robitaille group and they bring into focus medical image segmentation. Finding the best way to combine different measures of the image labeling they survey the primary labeling techniques and forge a hybrid of them called SVS which is a “label fusion strategy” that they show being superior to any of the methods examined. They have used segmentations in challenging areas of the brain, that are, hippocampus and amygdala, to prove their point and validate their finding. A. Borogovac and I. Asllani chose an emerging MRI technology to highlight in this issue. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is fast gaining acceptance in its ability to detect cerebral blood flow (CBF) and reliably establish correlation with brain function. ASL has proven to be able to offer meaningful fMRI-based surrogates of brain function, manifested in terms of hemodynamics. This could serve research on healthy and diseased brain, in both neuroscience and neurology. While on the issue of fMRI, we will read our next contribution from T. Christensen et al. staging the power of this technique in assessing the nature of attention and its role in encoding information into memory. This group shows the power of fMRI in demonstrating how an imaging technique can quantitatively probe attention and what it takes to offer an account of contributions from recollection memory and incidental-perceptual memory. fMRI revealed that BOLD was modulated differentially by unintentionally encoded words compared to novel items. Such use of MRI in providing evidence in support of models of memory consolidation and retrieval is a confirmation of the power of this technique in exploring neuronal processes. Finally, Y. Liu et al. discuss their technique for automation of landmark selection in image registration. Automation of registration of MRI with histology images or EPI with high-resolution anatomical images will allow the images in one modality to benefit from information contained in another. Accurate registration achieved by automatically generated landmarks will help interpretation of images from high-field rodent images, as well as high-distortion images such as EPI acquired from human scanners.

这种特殊的希望强调“MRI在神经系统科学杂志》上。”代表研究报告涵盖磁共振收购或图像处理的最新进展,在神经科学研究中的应用,及临床神经系统应用程序提出了这个问题。这些和类似的作品正迅速扩大使用核磁共振,神经科学和通过鼓励更多的研究人员在他们的研究中使用这个强大的工具。

Alayar Kangarlu
拉明诉Parsey
埃里克·c·Bourekas

版权

版权©2012 Alayar Kangarlu等。这是一个开放的分布式下文章知识共享归属许可,它允许无限制的使用、分配和复制在任何媒介,提供最初的工作是正确引用。