时间的主动脉压力(美联社)、心输出量(CO)、心室体积(VV)和心房压力(AtP)如果预加载恒定(6毫米汞柱)和后负荷增加4 U 10 U。(一)初始条件(20年代;后负荷是4 U)所有变量都在稳定状态。心房脉压(AtP max / AtP min)是5.2/3.5毫米汞柱。后负荷增加的第一个4 U(60 - 120年代),然后到10 U(120 - 180年)。注意每一步有限公司是暂时性的显著降低,但在20年代恢复到一个新的稳态,略低的水平。同样,SV略有下降。美联社是增加。AtP马克斯和AtP分钟增加到一个不同的程度;因此,AtP脉压下降。 After afterload is returned to 4 U, AP, AtP, and VV return to initial conditions level. CO is transiently increased but within about 15 s it also returns to the initial condition level. (b) The P-V loop diagram in conditions above. Note that, if afterload is increased from 4 U to 10 U, ESVV is increased from 39 mL to about 62 mL, while EDVV is increased to a smaller extent, from 117 mL to 127 mL. The EF decreases from 66% to 51%. Ventricular work is given in mm Hg·mL and in J.