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no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;margin-top:10px;min-width:55px;display:none;} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .expand_btn{display:none;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{-webkit-flex:9;-ms-flex:9;flex:9;text-align:left;padding:21px 37px 10px 0px;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;} @media (min-width:768px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 18px 10px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 21px 10px 21px;}} .hMPMVR .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption 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href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/" aria-label="Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing">应用计算智能和软计算</一个>/<一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-eitiEO jXeALb breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/contents/year/2011/" aria-label="2011">2011年</一个>/<年代pan class="sc-bhlBdH UVThf">文章</年代pan> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ThreeColumnWrapper-sc-1bf4078-0 dDyxFF threeColumnWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__LeftWrapper-sc-1bf4078-1 fkVFlF leftWrapper"> <button type="button" class="sc-eKZiaR dzZrgS section__button " id="sectionButton"><span class="sc-htoDjs diutvq icon__dots dots__detector icon-colored _3n-7Ho7DlfjMlZbrRr9Q4a icon-themeable" title="" font-size="22"></span>文章部分</button> <div class="sc-bEjcJn jLUVhb static_contents__section_links links__hidden "> <div id="leftSectionMenu" class="sc-cbkKFq prcY sc-bGbJRg dVCLgr left_section_menu"> <p>在这一页上</p> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#abstract" aria-label="">文摘</一个></年代pan> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#introduction" aria-label="">介绍</一个></年代pan> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#numerical-examples-and-results" aria-label="">结果</一个></年代pan> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#conclusion" aria-label="">结论</一个></年代pan> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#acknowledgments" aria-label="">确认</一个></年代pan> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#references" aria-label="">引用</一个></年代pan> <span class="sc-likbZx bBmZJZ grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-ePZHVD ewHMLz" href="#copyright" aria-label="">版权</一个></年代pan> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ContentWrapper-sc-1bf4078-3 bbzREB contentWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__Content-sc-1bf4078-4 jknsZc content"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-0 eSvjPB article_contents"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 jntdRu article_contents__sections_wrapper"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 hAzjHP"> <div class="sc-chbbiW mBGSe article_header_class"> <p class="sc-kZmsYB bkiEfx article_type">研究文章|开放获取</p> <div class="sc-RcBXQ ztvYg article_citation"> 体积 2011年 <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</年代pan>文章的ID 942672年 <span class="sc-fZwumE cUsFHx">|</年代pan> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-fQejPQ duuwge" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/942672" aria-label="Doi-link">https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/942672</一个></div> <div class="sc-LKuAh lcOiDF article_full_citation"> <div class="sc-hzNEM gsmOCv isHide"> <p>Zwe-Lee ga, Chia-Hung林, ”<年代pan class="adjust-article-svg-size">Contingency-Constrained最佳功率流使用Simplex-Based Chaotic-PSO算法</年代pan>”,<i>应用计算智能和软计算</我>, 卷。2011年, 文章的ID942672年, 13   页面, 2011年。 https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/942672</p> </div> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iBEsjs kPshFw" color="">显示引用</button> </div> <h1 class="sc-iRbamj jZOxOO sc-iSDuPN hHHqqR article_title adjust-article-svg-size heading-title">Contingency-Constrained最佳功率流使用Simplex-Based Chaotic-PSO算法</h1> </div> <div class="sc-jrIrqw eHMFfo article_authors"> <hr class="sc-cEvuZC XkrFe hr__author"> <span class=""><b>Zwe-Lee gae</b><一个class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail Option"><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-hjRWVT irNWJI icon-colored _2zt-1j0LmaF8UjTQAM413G icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a><sup>1</年代up>和</年代pan> <span class="">Chia-Hung林<年代up>1</年代up></span> <div class="sc-fHxwqH dMuGGA isHide"> <p><sup>1</年代up><span>Kao-Yuan大学电机工程系821年高雄市,台湾</年代pan></p> </div> <button class="sc-hSdWYo etauus sc-iQtOjA kfDwZY" color="">显示更多</button> </div> <div class="articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 evMkvU"> <div class="articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 fYrLtk"> <b>学术编辑器:</b>Chuan-Kang Ting</div> <div class="articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 fjviok"> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">收到了</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2010年9月26日</年代pan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">修改后的</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年2月18日</年代pan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">接受</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年4月25日</年代pan> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC isPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">发表</年代pan> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2011年7月18日</年代pan> </div> </div> </div> <article class="sc-jtRlXQ hMPMVR article_body "> <div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">文摘</h4> <p>本文提出了解决contingency-constrained最佳功率流(CC-OPF)由simplex-based混沌粒子群优化(SCPSO)。CC-OPF的相关目标的考虑随机性载荷影响发电机发电总成本最小化,减少传输损耗,提高母线电压概要文件在正常或postcontingent状态。拟议的SCPSO方法包括混沌映射和下山单纯形搜索,可以避免算法过早收敛和逃离局部最小值。演示了该方法的有效性在两个电力系统应急约束并与其他随机技术解决方案的质量和收敛速度。实验结果表明,该SCPSO-based CC-OPF方法适合突变计划,从而表现出鲁棒性和有效性在解决contingency-constrained OPF问题。</p> <span class="end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction">1。介绍</h4> <p>最优潮流(OPF)的目的功能是电力系统调度控制,优化目标函数,同时满足一组等式和不等式约束的非线性。等式约束的节点功率平衡方程,在不等式约束的限制控制或因变量(<一个href="#B1">1</一个>,<一个href="#B2">2</一个>]。目标函数主要是有功功率和无功优化调度。目前,安全及最优的系统操作同时治疗电力系统经济安全控制,从而增加更多的复杂的系统操作<一个href="#B3">3</一个>,<一个href="#B4">4</一个>]。</p> <p>在实际电力系统操作中,控制变量在OPF (CC-OPF) contingency-constrained问题可以分为连续变量,如PV-bus发生器的输出功率(<年代vg height="14.375" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:18.275px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.275 14.375" width="18.275" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)和PV-bus电压(<年代vg height="14.375" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:17.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.987499 14.375" width="17.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)和离散变量,如变压器抽头设置(<年代vg height="16.237499" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:14.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.6875 16.237499" width="14.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)和可调并联电容器/电抗器并联导纳(<年代vg height="14.35" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:15.425px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.425 14.35" width="15.425" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.26,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)。OPF问题是一种高度受限,因此,高维、非凸优化问题与随机性载荷效应(vpl)热发生器的考虑(<一个href="#B5">5</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<一个href="#B7">7</一个>]。涟漪的vpl导致燃料成本函数,因此当地的最适条件的数量也增加了。CC-OPF问题表示为一个非光滑的等式和不等式约束优化问题,不能解决的,传统的数学方法。</p> <p>根据经济安全趋势,OPF操作执行,系统和安全约束的preprotection策略应该考虑。安全约束包括传输容量限制和母线电压限制。预计将建立一个经济安全操作模型防御系统可能遭受意外事故的影响(<一个href="#B3">3</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<一个href="#B5">5</一个>]。在[<一个href="#B3">3</一个>],CC- - - - - -OPF调度可以把系统转移到一个可接受的水平的安全由级别1或2。无论系统在正常运行或应急状态下,安全约束确保系统能够安全操作。因此,系统经济安全控制方面可以进行了。然而,为电力系统可由主体访问构造一个受安全机制约束的最优控制generation-transmission网络是一个非常艰巨的任务。此外,这种困难往往会增加系统规模的增长,互连,和其他操作问题。</p> <p>先前的努力在OPF问题解决了各种优化技术,如遗传算法(GA) [<一个href="#B7">7</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<一个href="#B13">11</一个>),禁忌搜索(TS) [<一个href="#B8">12</一个>,<一个href="#B9">13</一个>),进化编程(EP) (<一个href="#B15">14</一个>,<一个href="#B17">15</一个>微分进化(),<一个href="#B15">14</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<一个href="#B16">16</一个>)和粒子群优化(PSO) (<一个href="#B5">5</一个>,<一个href="#B18">17</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<一个href="#B22">21</一个>]。特别是,由于其简单的概念,容易实现,算法和快速收敛,现在得到了关注和OPF问题已被广泛用于解决<一个href="#B23">22</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<一个href="#B28">27</一个>]。然而,目标函数,不考虑应变约束不当可能导致系统经济安全控制的实现。此外,过早收敛算法获得的可能会导致当地的最适条件的解决方案(<一个href="#B28">27</一个>]。东和Iba的研究<一个href="#B27">26</一个>]表明,尽管标准PSO发现解决方案合理的质量远远超过其他进化算法,它并不具备的能力解决方案随着一代又一代的数量增加。因此,一定数量的迭代后的粒子变得停滞不前,这表明,一些粒子变得不活跃,无法进一步提高搜索性能。</p> <p>混沌是一种非线性系统的特征。混沌运动可以遍历每个州在一定地区自身的规律,和每一个州只访问一次。由于独特的遍历性和特殊能力避免被困在当地的最适条件,混沌搜索远高于其他一些随机算法,虽然混沌搜索通常需要大量的迭代达到全局最优,而不是有效的在大搜索空间。最近,几次基于逻辑映射的算法使用混沌方法是克服PSO技术和过早收敛的缺点<一个href="#B28">27</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<一个href="#B33">31日</一个>]。</p> <p>在这篇文章中,一个混乱的算法与单纯形算子(SCPSO)技术提出了解决CC-OPF问题。提出SCPSO方法,它涉及到混乱的地图和下山单纯形搜索,可以避免算法过早收敛和逃离局部最小值。CC-OPF的目的与发电机的随机性载荷效应考虑不仅是一代总成本降到最低,同时也减少传输损耗,提高母线电压概要文件在正常或postcontingent状态。演示了该方法的有效性在两个电力系统应急限制,26-bus和IEEE 57-bus系统,并与其他随机技术解决方案的质量和收敛速度。</p> <p>本文的其余部分组织如下。部分<一个href="#sec2">2</一个>提供了制定CC-OPF问题。部分<一个href="#sec3">3</一个>描述SCPSO方法的基础。部分<一个href="#sec4">4</一个>解释了该方法的发展。数值例子和比较提供了部分<一个href="#sec5">5</一个>。最后,部分<一个href="#sec6">6</一个>概述了结论和未来的研究。</p> <h4 id="contingency-constrained-opf-problem">2。Contingency-Constrained OPF问题</h4> <p>CC-OPF一般来说,是一个静态的、非线性、非凸优化问题,即确定一组最优变量从网络状态,加载数据和系统参数。最佳值计算以达到某一目标如最小生成成本或输电线路功率损耗等式和不等式约束的数量。</p> <h5 id="sec2.1">2.1。应急的约束</h5> <p>应急约束构成经济安全控制的基本要素。的contingency-constrained OPF公式可以表示为<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq1"> <svg height="89.224998" id="M5" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 89.224998" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,89.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-0.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,86.51,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.115167" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.591001" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,92.4,53.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.0015998" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,119.4,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.52" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.370001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.65,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.35,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.49,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.2904158" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.19,58.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="298.92999" y="0.75999999"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="303.09351" y="0.75999999"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="309.345" y="0.75999999"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-80.349998" y="28.58"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-75.486336" y="28.58"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-72.36058" y="28.58"> t</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-68.88475" y="28.58"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-55.794109" y="28.58"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.05,34.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text 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x="9.3199997" y="-2.52"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.36039" y="-2.52"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.611889" y="-2.52"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.778027" y="-2.52"> f</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.553932" y="-2.52"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.805435" y="-2.52"> r</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.11993" y="-2.52"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.372391" y="-2.52"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.412781" y="-2.52"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.664276" y="-2.52"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.878029" y="-2.52"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.12953" y="-2.52"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.33078" y="-2.52"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="120.92178" y="-2.52"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.13553" y="-2.52"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,321.99,26.81)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,326.56,29.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-207.16" y="24.709999"> ℎ</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="147.56" y="-0.050000001"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="151.7235" y="-0.050000001"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="157.97501" y="-0.050000001"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.61,10.49)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,139.77,2.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.49,10.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.56,5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2137508" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.7,10.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.77,2.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3299999" y="-2.51"> ≥</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.357885" y="-2.51"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.609386" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.775524" y="-2.51"> f</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.55143" y="-2.51"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.802933" y="-2.51"> r</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.129929" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.382385" y="-2.51"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="83.410278" y="-2.51"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="89.661774" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="94.875526" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="101.12703" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.34077" y="-2.51"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="120.91927" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="126.13303" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,322.55,2.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,327.12,5.23)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="147" y="-0.18000001"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="151.1635" y="-0.18000001"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="157.41499" y="-0.18000001"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是可控的集合系统和数量吗<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:7.5374999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.5374999 7.1624999" width="7.5374999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是一组相关的变量。目标函数(<一个href="#EEq1">1</一个>)是标量。等式(<一个href="#EEq1">2</一个>)是传统的动力方程。不平等(<一个href="#EEq1">3</一个>)控制变量的限制<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>电力系统和操作限制。上标”<年代vg height="7.1875" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:7.2874999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.2874999 7.1875" width="7.2874999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>”代表了precontingency(基本情况)状态优化,和上标”<年代vg height="10.7375" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:8.6000004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6000004 10.7375" width="8.6000004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>”(<年代vg height="11.0625" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-0.30096pt;width:35.799999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.799999 11.0625" width="35.799999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.15)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.239957" y="0"> ></t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.280346" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)代表的postcontingency州<年代vg height="10.5" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:20.6875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.6875 10.5" width="20.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.5)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.6)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.640053" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>应急情况。此外,等式约束<年代vg height="16.700001" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:21.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.362499 16.700001" width="21.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.7)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.64)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.3,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.922832" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>改变<年代vg height="16.700001" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:22.275px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.275 16.700001" width="22.275" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.7)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.64)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.3,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>以反映故障设备和控制变量<年代vg height="13.9125" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:21.637501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.637501 13.9125" width="21.637501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.87)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.922832" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>通过改变回应<年代vg height="13.9125" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:22.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.5625 13.9125" width="22.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.87)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</p> <h5 id="sec2.2">2.2。随机性发电机的负载效应</h5> <p>通常,随机性的影响,由于拉丝每个进汽阀开始开放,产生ripple-like耗热率曲线如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig1/" target="_blank">1</一个>(<一个href="#B7">7</一个>]。模拟这种效果,反复修正正弦信号的贡献被添加到二阶多项式函数来表示输入输出方程。因此,燃料成本函数表示为考虑随机性的影响<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq4"> <svg height="19.549999" id="M19" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.549999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.36)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,58.47,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,66.86,57.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,72.17,58.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,85.45,57.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.4239678" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,95.09,58.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3199997" y="-2.51"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.36039" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,122.73,57.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,128.73,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.95,57.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.17,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.59,57.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.4239678" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.02,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,185.55,57.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.77,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.07,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.88" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.5439682" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.62,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.34" y="-1.75"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.34" y="1.73"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.84" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.11,57.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.11,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.110001" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.969999" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⋅</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3515239" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.215191" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.691025" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,271.64,57.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,276.94,58.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,292.1,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.88" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.5439682" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,310.45,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,329.22,57.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.4239678" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,338.86,58.46)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.71" y="-4.2600002"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.71" y="-0.77999997"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8514042" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.290001" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="135.25999" y="-2.51"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="139.42349" y="-2.51"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="145.675" y="-2.51"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="11.05" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:12px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12 11.05" width="12" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.5875" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.5px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.5 14.5875" width="11.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.07,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="11.05" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:10.6375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.6375 11.05" width="10.6375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.76,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.5875" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:12.4625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4625 14.5875" width="12.4625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.3,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="11.05" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1 11.05" width="11.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.39,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是单位的成本系数<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig1"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="942672.fig.001" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.001.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图1</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 示例输入-输出曲线与五阀点。安妮:进气阀门操作点。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec2.3">2.3。控制和因变量</h5> <p>摘要向量定义为控制变量<年代vg height="16.375" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:123.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 123.9375 16.375" width="123.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.339981" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.380369" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.543869" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-37.97,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30.88,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2137508" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-18.48,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.38,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,0.71,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,5.49,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,17.38,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,22.93,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和相关变量的向量定义为<年代vg height="14.6" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:90.574997px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 90.574997 14.6" width="90.574997" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3897533" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.430141" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.593641" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-36.58,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-29.49,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.390473" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.604223" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.731174" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,在那里<年代vg height="14.5875" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:21.200001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.200001 14.5875" width="21.200001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.61)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.19,60.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是PV-bus发电机的无功功率,<年代vg height="10.575" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:12.625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.625 10.575" width="12.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是PQ-bus电压,<年代vg height="10.725" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:11.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.375 10.725" width="11.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在输电线路行流。</p> <h5 id="sec2.4">2.4。目标函数</h5> <p>摘要CC-OPF的两个子问题,即有源电力调度和无功调度,同时被认为是。前者是生成实现最低的目标成本,而后者是实现的目标和最低总线电压偏差输电线路损失降至最低。然而,一个先进的目标CC-OPF应定义不仅代总成本最小化,也减少输电线路损失和提高母线电压概要pre-contingency或post-contingency状态下。减少发电成本是主要目标,减少输电线路损失和提高母线电压也视为目标与随机性CC-OPF发电机负荷的影响。</p> <p>考虑上述三个目标的同质性的差异,然而,这三个目标是正相关的关系根据CC-OPF问题的特点,获得一个最优解的优化算法可以减少燃料总成本,同时涉及输电线路损失和总线电压偏差较小。因此,将多目标问题转化为一个优化问题是可行的。</p> <p>因此,CC-OPF是制定的目标函数(<一个href="#EEq5">5</一个>)确定一个最优的同时最小化目标函数设置的控制变量。<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq5"> <svg height="53.075001" id="M31" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 53.075001" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,53.075)"> <g transform="translate(72,-29.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,55.49,47.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.515023" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.678522" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.555172" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.194506" y="0"> =</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,98.47,63.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.92,61.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,96.73,40.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,98.26,33.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,114.96,47.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.35,44.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,128.66,47.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.040149" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.979315" y="0"> +</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.87,63.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.32,61.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.98,40.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,159.48,33.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7831359" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7782564" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.22,47.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.2,44.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.43,47.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⋅</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3515239" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.21,44.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,208.75,47.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.040149" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.979315" y="0"> +</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.88,63.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.33,61.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.08,40.88)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,239.27,33.7)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.23,47.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,261.21,44.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,268.42,47.43)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⋅</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3499999" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.2" y="-1.78"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.2" y="1.76"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.7" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,290.31,44.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,296.82,47.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.040149" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.979315" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.319534" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,333.34,44.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.8969121" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.7828002" y="0"> f</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,343.53,49.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="3.54"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.5" y="4.29"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.44" y="1.78"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="130.59" y="1.78"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="134.75349" y="1.78"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="141.005" y="1.78"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="14.375" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:22.299999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.299999 14.375" width="22.299999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.31,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是发电机公交车的数量,<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:22.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.1 14.2375" width="22.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.31,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>公交车的数量,<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:21.7875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.7875 14.2375" width="21.7875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.31,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>输电线路的数量,<年代vg height="14.35" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:13.725px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.725 14.35" width="13.725" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>输电线路的损失吗<年代vg height="10.725" id="M36" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:5.4124999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.4124999 10.725" width="5.4124999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.725)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。参数<年代vg height="14.5875" id="M37" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:13.1625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.1625 14.5875" width="13.1625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.97,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是一个体重因素将输电线路损失转移到一个点球成本,而<年代vg height="16.512501" id="M38" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:14.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.375 16.512501" width="14.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.79)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.97,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>也是一个体重因素转移总线电压偏差的违约成本。两个重量因素可以积极分配根据操作状态,<年代vg height="14.5875" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:13.1625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.1625 14.5875" width="13.1625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.97,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="16.512501" id="M40" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:14.375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.375 16.512501" width="14.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.79)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.97,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>1.0将输电线路和公交亢奋时,断距和0.0。<年代vg height="14.35" id="M41" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:21.85px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.85 14.35" width="21.85" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.8969121" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.7828002" y="0"> f</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是一个参考电压的大小;一般来说,<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M42" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt;width:60.775002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 60.775002 14.7125" width="60.775002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.76,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.8969121" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.7828002" y="0"> f</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-51.09,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.405136" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>聚氨酯。</p> <p><span class="statement" id="head1"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">(我)等式约束</我></年代pan><br>系统功率流方程:<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq6"> <svg height="117.05" id="M43" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 117.05" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,117.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,21.64)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,69.54,47.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,78.84,53.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.87" y="10.25"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,92.69,47.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.84,63.76)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,113.29,61.57)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,104.04,40.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.23,33.77)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,122.27,50.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="5.46"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.5" y="2.73"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.96,53.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.5" y="10.25"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0.221872" y="10.25"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.04,50.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="5.46"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.5799999" y="0.1"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.5799999" y="5.3600001"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.0799999" y="2.73"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.12,53.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.8099999" y="10.25"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.19,50.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="5.2600002"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.5900002" y="-0.1"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.5900002" y="5.3600001"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.0900002" y="2.6300001"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.28,53.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.8099999" y="10.25"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.35,50.24)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="5.46"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.42" y="7.6500001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.779999" y="2.73"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.5900002" y="2.73"> c</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.141332" y="2.73"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.392832" y="2.73"> 年代</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.42,53.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.25"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.27,47.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,271.91,53.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.25"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,285.75,47.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,303.65,53.56)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.25"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="10.25"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,314.72,42.59)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-243.57001" y="46.34"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.11039" y="-4.9200001"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.361889" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,80.92,2.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,94.77,-3.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,107.92,12.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.36,10.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 6.25px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,106.11,-10.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,107.3,-17.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.4045279" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.3996477" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,124.35,-1.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="5.46"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.5" y="2.74"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.04,2.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.5" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0.221872" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,147.11,-1.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="5.46"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.5900002" y="0.1"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.5900002" y="5.3600001"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.0900002" y="2.74"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.2,2.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.8099999" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.27,-1.11)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="5.2600002"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.5799999" y="-0.1"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.5799999" y="5.3600001"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.0799999" y="2.6400001"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.36,2.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.8199999" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.43,-1.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="5.46"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.34" y="7.6599998"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.700001" y="2.74"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.5799999" y="2.74"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.4436674" y="2.74"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.919501" y="2.74"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.42,2.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,254.27,-3.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,271.91,2.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,285.75,-3.75)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,303.65,2.3)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,314.72,-8.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.07" y="-4.9200001"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.11039" y="-4.9200001"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.361889" y="-4.9200001"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="159.39999" y="-30.719999"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="163.56349" y="-30.719999"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="169.815" y="-30.719999"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></p> <p><span class="statement" id="head2"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">(2)不等式约束</我></年代pan><br><span class="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(1)</年代pan><span class="list-content">积极和发电机的无功功率限制:</年代pan></span></span><span class="equation" id="EEq8"> <svg height="21.025" id="M44" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 21.025" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.18)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,127.27,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.58,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.88" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.5439682" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.62,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.96,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.87" y="10.69"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.553968" y="10.69"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.51,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.85,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.88" y="9.2299995"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.5439682" y="9.2299995"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.88,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.329638" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.693905" y="0"> ∈</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.734295" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.26,56.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,286.35,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="187.77" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="191.9335" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="198.185" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span><span class="equation" id="EEq9"> <svg height="21.025" id="M45" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 21.025" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.025)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.18)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.58,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.34,65.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1499996"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.4239678" y="9.1499996"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.39,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.2,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.69"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.4239678" y="10.69"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.74,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.54,65.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2299995"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.4239678" y="9.2299995"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.57,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.329638" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.693905" y="0"> ∈</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.734295" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,279.95,56.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,287.05,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="187.07001" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="191.23351" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="197.485" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span><span class="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(2)</年代pan><span class="list-content">母线电压限制:<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq10"> <svg height="22.362499" id="M46" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 22.362499" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,22.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-54.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.81,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,135.82,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.8199999" y="8.6899996"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.86,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.91,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.8199999" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,191.45,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.49,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.8099999" y="8.7700005"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.52,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.329638" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.66914" y="0"> ∈</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.70953" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,280.87,56.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,287.81,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="186.31" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="190.4735" y="0"> 9</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="196.72501" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(3)</年代pan><span class="list-content">传输容量限制:</年代pan></span></span><span class="equation" id="EEq11"> <svg height="21.137501" id="M47" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 21.137501" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.09)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,142.68,62.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="5.2600002"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.51" y="2.6400001"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,154.19,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.88" y="8.71"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.26,62.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="5.2600002"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.9699998" y="2.6400001"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.997887" y="2.6400001"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.27,65.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.87" y="8.1899996"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.3,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.329638" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.682602" y="0"> ∈</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.722992" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,263.67,56.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,270.94,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="196.92999" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="201.09351" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="207.345" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="213.5965" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span><span class="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(4)</年代pan><span class="list-content">变压器抽头设置限制:</年代pan></span></span><span class="equation" id="EEq12"> <svg height="20.987499" id="M48" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 20.987499" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.9875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,125.5,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,134.38,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2" y="8.1199999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.2797279" y="8.1199999"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,153.43,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.34,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2" y="8.71"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.2797279" y="8.71"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.89,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.8,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2" y="8.1199999"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.2797279" y="8.1199999"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.83,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.329638" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.019463" y="0"> ∈</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.059853" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,278.53,56.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,288.12,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="179.75" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="183.9135" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="190.16499" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="196.4165" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span><span class="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(5)</年代pan><span class="list-content">可切换的操作限制电容器/电抗器设备:</年代pan></span></span><span class="equation" id="EEq13"> <svg height="21.174999" id="M49" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 21.174999" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,21.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,123.93,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,133.12,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.5" y="9.2700005"> ℎ</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.5499041" y="9.2700005"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.17,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.39,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.5" y="10.82"> ℎ</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.5499041" y="10.82"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.94,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.16,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-2.5" y="9.3599997"> ℎ</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.5499041" y="9.3599997"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,226.19,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.34214" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.582098" y="0"> ∈</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.622486" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,278.46,56.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6887999" y="0"> ℎ</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,289.7,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="178.17" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="182.3335" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="188.58499" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="194.8365" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="14.2375" id="M50" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:22.512501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.512501 14.2375" width="22.512501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.61)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.31,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是网络分支的数量,<年代vg height="16.237499" id="M51" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:25.4125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 25.4125 16.237499" width="25.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.31,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.8136001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>变压器分支机构的数量,<年代vg height="14.35" id="M52" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:27.475px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.475 14.35" width="27.475" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.31,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6887999" y="0"> ℎ</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是无功功率源安装公共汽车的数量。</年代pan></p> <p>因此,contingency-constrained OPF问题必须解决主题pre-contingency和post-contingency选择应急情况下的约束。</p> <h4 id="chaotic-particle-swarm-optimization-with-simplex-operator">3所示。混沌粒子群优化与单纯形算子</h4> <h5 id="sec3.1">3.1。混沌粒子群优化</h5> <p><span class="statement" id="head3"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">(我)的经典算法</我></年代pan><br>算法作为优化工具提供了一个基于人群的搜索过程中,个人(称为粒子)随着时间的推移改变他们的位置(坐标)。在算法系统中,粒子在飞行<年代vg height="10.325" id="M53" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:12.7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.7 10.325" width="12.7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>维搜索空间。在飞行中,每个粒子根据自己的经验和调整它的位置相邻的粒子的经验,利用最佳位置遇到本身和它的邻国。<br>粒子群通过调整轨迹通过操纵每一粒子的坐标。让<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M54" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:137.925px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 137.925 14.7125" width="137.925" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.38,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-35.3,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-27.71,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-15.62,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-8.02,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.79225" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.993498" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,23.86,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,34.12,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M55" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:135.175px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 135.175 14.7125" width="135.175" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-58.93,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-36.4,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-28.81,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-17.27,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-9.67,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.779745" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.993498" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,21.66,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,31.92,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>表示位置和相应的飞行速度(速度)的粒子<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M56" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>分别在一个连续的搜索空间。粒子根据以下方程[操纵<一个href="#B13">11</一个>]。<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq14"> <svg height="100.525" id="M57" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 100.525" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,100.525)"> <g transform="translate(72,8.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,109.18,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.51,63.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.024912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,138.42,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,160.14,62.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.21,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,175.54,63.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,187.38,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,203.91,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,211.57,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⋅</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3515239" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.02,54.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,230.68,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⋅</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3499999" y="4.9200001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.71" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.27,63.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.83"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.93,52.51)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> b</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.2618876" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.5964" y="0"> t</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,273.23,57.29)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,291.45,63.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,300.52,52.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-152.83" y="27.110001"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-141.50229" y="27.110001"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.22,22.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.09,25.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,174.19,22.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.15,20.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.3699999" y="-4.9200001"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,195.39,31.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.83"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,199.67,20.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> b</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.2618876" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.605152" y="0"> t</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,213.7,20.48)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.89,25.26)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.11,31.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.25"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,249.17,20.34)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6899996" y="-4.9200001"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-140.53999" y="24.43"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="218.7" y="-20.93"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="222.86349" y="-20.93"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.11501" y="-20.93"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.3665" y="-20.93"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,115.51,1.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.024912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,138.42,-4.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.33,1.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.18,-4.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.85,1.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.024912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.28,-4.09)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="261.59" y="-0.72000003"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="265.75351" y="-0.72000003"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="272.005" y="-0.72000003"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="278.2565" y="-0.72000003"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="9.125" id="M59" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:5.0124998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>:指针的迭代(代),<年代vg height="7.4499998" id="M60" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:12.2375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.2375 7.4499998" width="12.2375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.04)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>:惯性权重因子,<年代vg height="10.925" id="M61" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:12.7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.7 10.925" width="12.7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.76,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="10.925" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:12.7px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.7 10.925" width="12.7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.76,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>:加速度不变,<年代vg height="10.925" id="M63" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:12.6px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.6 10.925" width="12.6" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.85,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="10.925" id="M64" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:12.6px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.6 10.925" width="12.6" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.85,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>:统一的随机值范围<年代vg height="13.125" id="M65" style="vertical-align:-1.95624pt;width:32.674999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.674999 13.125" width="32.674999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.414999" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.616247" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.867746" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="20.4375" id="M66" style="vertical-align:-4.2998pt;width:19.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.362499 20.4375" width="19.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.65)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>:粒子的速度<年代vg height="11.05" id="M67" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:12.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.75 11.05" width="12.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在迭代<年代vg height="9.125" id="M68" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:5.0124998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="20.4375" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-4.2998pt;width:76.025002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 76.025002 20.4375" width="76.025002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.65)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.5006001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.12,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.06,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.9764342" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.00432" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-29.72,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.7700005"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,在那里<年代vg height="16.25" id="M70" style="vertical-align:-3.88599pt;width:31.137501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 31.137501 16.25" width="31.137501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.25)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,67.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.7799997"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>的最大速度限制吗<年代vg height="11.05" id="M71" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:12.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.75 11.05" width="12.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="20.4375" id="M72" style="vertical-align:-4.2998pt;width:20.049999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 20.049999 20.4375" width="20.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.65)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>:粒子的当前位置<年代vg height="9.9250002" id="M73" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:4.9875002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 4.9875002 9.9250002" width="4.9875002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.06)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.25)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在迭代<年代vg height="9.125" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:5.0124998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="23.0625" id="M75" style="vertical-align:-6.39774pt;width:38.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.362499 23.0625" width="38.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,23.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-53.55)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.82"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.79,55.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> b</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.2618876" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.5964" y="0"> t</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-46.76,55.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.188" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>:前面的最佳粒子的位置<年代vg height="11.05" id="M76" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:12.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.75 11.05" width="12.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在迭代<年代vg height="9.125" id="M77" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:5.0124998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="23.1" id="M78" style="vertical-align:-6.43285pt;width:32.700001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.700001 23.1" width="32.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,23.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-53.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.82"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.42,55.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> b</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.2618876" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.605152" y="0"> t</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>:最好的位置在所有个人在迭代的人口<年代vg height="9.125" id="M79" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:5.0124998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="20.4375" id="M80" style="vertical-align:-4.2998pt;width:32.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.325001 20.4375" width="32.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.65)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.024912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>:新粒子的速度<年代vg height="11.05" id="M81" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:12.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.75 11.05" width="12.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="20.4375" id="M82" style="vertical-align:-4.2998pt;width:38.224998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 38.224998 20.4375" width="38.224998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.65)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-67.78,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.91,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.024912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>:新粒子的位置<年代vg height="11.05" id="M83" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:12.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.75 11.05" width="12.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg><i>。</我><br>在(<一个href="#EEq14">13</一个>惯性),选择适当的体重<年代vg height="7.4499998" id="M84" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:12.2375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.2375 7.4499998" width="12.2375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.04)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>将提供一个平衡的全球探险和当地的剥削,因此需要更少的迭代平均找到一个最佳的解决方案。一般来说,减少线性惯性权重的<年代vg height="7.4499998" id="M85" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:12.2375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.2375 7.4499998" width="12.2375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.04)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是集(<一个href="#EEq16">15</一个>)。<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq16"> <svg height="37.875" id="M86" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 37.875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,37.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-41.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,126.28,53.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,135.97,58.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,148.5,53.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.23,58.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.04,53.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.54" y="-7.25"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.27,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,232.07,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.11,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 202.58,56.85 66.1,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.16,44.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.07,41.84)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,272.66,53.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ×</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.765083" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.678522" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="195.21001" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="199.3735" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="205.625" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="211.8765" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="13" id="M87" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:28.125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 28.125 13" width="28.125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.6)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-68.04,61.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是迭代的最大数量(代)和<年代vg height="9.125" id="M88" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:5.0124998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.0124998 9.125" width="5.0124998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.7)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是当前的迭代次数。</年代pan></p> <p><span class="statement" id="head4"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">(2)Chaotic-PSO</我></年代pan><br>经典算法的优点是简单的概念,容易实现,控制参数鲁棒性和计算效率。然而,很大程度上取决于它的参数和存在的早熟收敛现象,尤其是在解决复杂multihump等式和不等式约束的问题。相反,由于独特的遍历性的性质,固有的随机属性,和不规则的混沌,混沌搜索可以遍历每个州在一定空间自身的规律性和访问每个州都只有一次,这有助于避免被困在当地的最适条件。因此,混沌搜索精度远高于其他一些随机算法(<一个href="#B28">27</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<一个href="#B31">30.</一个>]。</年代pan></p> <p><span class="statement" id="head5"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">(3)混乱的地图</我></年代pan><br>丰富的搜索行为,避免过早现象PSO OPF问题解决,将混沌搜索算法来构造一个混乱的PSO算法。混乱的混沌搜索算法开发了进化的变量。两个著名的混乱的地图、逻辑映射和帐篷映射,是最常见的地图用于混沌搜索(<一个href="#B28">27</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<一个href="#B30">29日</一个>,<一个href="#B33">31日</一个>]。<br>物流被定义为地图<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq17"> <svg height="18.4625" id="M89" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 18.4625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,80.14,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,86.37,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,105.07,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,129.59,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,136.53,61.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.178162" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.530886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.3,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,172.15,61.04)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.238997" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.417639" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.132469" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.172859" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,221.57,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.92,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.279387" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.656635" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.346462" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="49.386848" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="55.638351" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.015602" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.267097" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="80.644348" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="86.895851" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="92.097099" y="0"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="237.95" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.11349" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="248.36501" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="254.6165" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span><br>逻辑映射的特点是,一个小混沌变量的初始值的差异会导致相当大的差异在其长期行为;一个混沌变量可以在整个搜索空间(遍历地旅行<一个href="#B19">18</一个>,<一个href="#B20">19</一个>]。<br>帐篷映射的定义<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq18"> <svg height="19.475" id="M90" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.475" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,73.05,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,79.29,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,97.98,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.74" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.299999" y="-1.59"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="56.299999" y="1.5700001"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="58.799999" y="-7.1054274e-015"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.59" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="36.617165" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="47.957386" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,163.02,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.65,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.969999" y="-1.59"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.969999" y="1.5700001"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.469999" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.579218" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.704967" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.400002" y="-7.1054274e-015"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.566139" y="-7.1054274e-015"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.293472" y="-7.1054274e-015"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.333862" y="-7.1054274e-015"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,251.23,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,259.57,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="52.880001" y="0.039999999"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="74.760002" y="0.039999999"> ]</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.040389" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.291889" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.66914" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.746796" y="0"> ∈</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.040001" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="63.2915" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="68.492744" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="81" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="208.3" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="212.4635" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="218.715" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.96649" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span><br>类似于均匀分布函数在区间<年代vg height="13.125" id="M91" style="vertical-align:-1.95624pt;width:32.674999px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.674999 13.125" width="32.674999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.5)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.414999" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.616247" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.867746" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,帐篷映射有突出优势和更快的比逻辑映射迭代速度,因此,具有优良的遍历性的特点。本文使用的帐篷映射产生混沌变量进行搜索行为。</年代pan></p> <h5 id="sec3.2">3.2。单纯形算子</h5> <p><span class="statement" id="head6"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">(我)下山单纯形法</我></年代pan><br>局部搜索方法称为下山单纯形法是一种最受欢迎的derivate-free非线性优化算法(<一个href="#B34">32</一个>,<一个href="#B35">33</一个>]。在<年代vg height="7.1374998" id="M92" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>维空间,单是一个多面体<年代vg height="11.325" id="M93" style="vertical-align:-0.51414pt;width:33.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.362499 11.325" width="33.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.94)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.9896574" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.329878" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>顶点。该方法迭代更新最糟糕点四个操作过程:<我>反射</我>,<我>扩张</我>,<我>收缩</我>,<我>收缩</我>如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>。反射涉及移动最坏点(顶点)单工的点通过剩下的反映<年代vg height="7.1374998" id="M94" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>点。如果这一点比最好的一点,然后试图扩大单纯形方法沿着这条线。这个操作称为扩张。另一方面,如果新的点不是比以前更好点,那么单纯的合同以及一维从最坏的角度。过程被称为收缩。此外,如果新的点比前面的点,单纯形的合同在所有维度向最好的点沿着山谷和步骤。过程被称为收缩。<br>在每个迭代中,新分计算,以及它们的函数值,形成一个新的单形。本系列通过重复的操作,该方法找到最优的解决方案。</年代pan></p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig2"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="942672.fig.002" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.002.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图2</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <svg height="10.925" id="M95" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.8125 10.925" width="13.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="11.05" id="M96" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.2125 11.05" width="14.2125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="11.05" id="M97" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.425 11.05" width="14.425" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.625" id="M98" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.325001 14.625" width="19.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.3)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.8766499" y="0"> ′</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.46,60.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <svg height="14.7875" id="M99" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.325001 14.7875" width="19.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.8766499" y="0"> ′</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.46,60.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg> <table> 四个业务下山单纯形法。(:反射,:扩张,:收缩,,:收缩)。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p><span class="statement" id="head7"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">(2)单纯形搜索算法</我></年代pan><br>单纯形搜索算法的计算过程(SSA)描述如下<一个href="#B34">32</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<一个href="#B37">35</一个>]。SSA的流程图如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig3/" target="_blank">3</一个>。<年代pan class="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(1)</年代pan><span class="list-content">秩序和重新设置<年代vg height="11.325" id="M100" style="vertical-align:-0.51414pt;width:33.362499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.362499 11.325" width="33.362499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.94)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.9896574" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.329878" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>点<年代vg height="11.375" id="M101" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:100.1px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 100.1 11.375" width="100.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.2,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.11,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-43.24,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.3772497" y="0"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.955748" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.169498" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-7.19,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>这<年代vg height="15.05" id="M102" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:192.21249px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 192.21249 15.05" width="192.21249" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.96)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.97,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.1,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.606384" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.769882" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.44,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-6.57,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0"> ⋯</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.884331" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.924721" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.863884" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.027382" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,62.34,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,77.56,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</年代pan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(2)</年代pan><span class="list-content">生成一个审判点<年代vg height="10.925" id="M103" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:13.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.8125 10.925" width="13.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>通过反射,这样<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq19"> <svg height="19.35" id="M104" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.35" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.08,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.95,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.5,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 176.53,69.54 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,176.53,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.139999" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 212.52,69.54 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.52,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,240.39,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.61,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="212.25999" y="-2.51"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="216.42349" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="222.675" y="-2.51"> 8</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="228.9265" y="-2.51"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="12.3125" id="M105" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 12.3125" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.3125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.15)"> <g> <path d="m -71.95,70.71 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>最好是n的质心点单形的顶点。如果<年代vg height="14.6875" id="M106" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:139.175px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 139.175 14.6875" width="139.175" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.97,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.1,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.606384" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.769882" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.44,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-7.37,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.606384" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.769882" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,30.28,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,35.13,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>、替换<年代vg height="11.375" id="M107" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:27.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.75 11.375" width="27.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>通过<年代vg height="10.925" id="M108" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:13.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.8125 10.925" width="13.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</年代pan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(3)</年代pan><span class="list-content">如果<年代vg height="14.6" id="M109" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:86.050003px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 86.050003 14.6" width="86.050003" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.32)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.97,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.9,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.606384" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.769882" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-12.25,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-7.37,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,生成一个新的点<年代vg height="11.05" id="M110" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:14.2125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.2125 11.05" width="14.2125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>这样的扩张,<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq20"> <svg height="19.35" id="M111" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.35" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.53,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.4,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,170.27,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 182.31,69.54 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,182.31,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.059999" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.91" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.1,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,231.94,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 243.29,69.54 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,243.29,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.8699999" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.81" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="224.58" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="228.7435" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="234.995" y="0"> 9</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="241.24651" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>如果<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M112" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:85.449997px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 85.449997 14.7125" width="85.449997" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.97,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.58,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.606384" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.769882" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.92,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-7.86,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>、替换<年代vg height="11.375" id="M113" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:27.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.75 11.375" width="27.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>通过<年代vg height="11.05" id="M114" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:14.2125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.2125 11.05" width="14.2125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,否则取代<年代vg height="11.375" id="M115" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:27.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.75 11.375" width="27.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>通过<年代vg height="10.925" id="M116" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:13.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.8125 10.925" width="13.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</年代pan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(4)</年代pan><span class="list-content">如果<年代vg height="14.6875" id="M117" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:86.012497px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 86.012497 14.6875" width="86.012497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.25)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.97,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.9,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> ≥</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.606384" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.769882" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-12.25,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-7.4,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,生成一个新的点<年代vg height="11.05" id="M118" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:14.425px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.425 11.05" width="14.425" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>、收缩等<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq21"> <svg height="19.35" id="M119" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.35" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.18,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.05,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,165.1,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 177.13,69.54 6.88,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,177.13,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.440001" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.290001" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.6523161" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.992537" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,219.3,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,237.29,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 248.64,69.54 6.87,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,248.64,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.8699999" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="14.81" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219.23" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="223.39349" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.645" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="235.8965" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>如果<年代vg height="15.05" id="M120" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:99.599998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 99.599998 15.05" width="99.599998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.96)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.97,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.4,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> <</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.606384" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.769882" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.75,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,3.47,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>、替换<年代vg height="11.375" id="M121" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:27.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.75 11.375" width="27.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>通过<年代vg height="11.05" id="M122" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:14.425px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.425 11.05" width="14.425" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</年代pan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(5)</年代pan><span class="list-content">如果<年代vg height="15.05" id="M123" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:99.599998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 99.599998 15.05" width="99.599998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.96)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.97,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.4,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> ≥</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.606384" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.769882" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.75,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,3.47,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,减少所有维度的方向<年代vg height="10.925" id="M124" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:14.8125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.8125 10.925" width="14.8125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.925)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,这样<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq22"> <svg height="19.35" id="M125" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.35" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,150.41,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,157.29,66.14)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6999998"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,164.24,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,183.15,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.8,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.68" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.530001" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,225.29,57.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.96,61.13)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.5645552" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,250.4,58.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.28,58.62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9299998" y="-2.51"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="212.59" y="-2.51"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="216.75349" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="223.005" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="229.2565" y="-2.51"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>取代<年代vg height="11.05" id="M126" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:12.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.75 11.05" width="12.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>通过<年代vg height="17.2875" id="M127" style="vertical-align:-3.7982pt;width:13.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.0625 17.2875" width="13.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.2875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.17)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,67.01)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6999998"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。评估<年代vg height="13.4875" id="M128" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:10.675px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.675 13.4875" width="10.675" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在<年代vg height="7.1374998" id="M129" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>新的顶点。</年代pan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(6)</年代pan><span class="list-content">秩序和重新设置新单形的顶点<年代vg height="11.375" id="M130" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:94.887497px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 94.887497 11.375" width="94.887497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.2,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.11,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-43.24,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.79225" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.006001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.36,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,这样<年代vg height="15.05" id="M131" style="vertical-align:-3.49493pt;width:192.21249px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 192.21249 15.05" width="192.21249" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,15.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.96)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9391651" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.102664" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.97,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-49.1,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6393328" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.606384" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.769882" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.44,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-6.57,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0"> ⋯</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.884331" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.924721" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.863884" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="62.027382" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,62.34,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3497438" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.344864" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,77.56,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。如果停止准则是满意,然后停止。否则转到第2步。</年代pan></span></span></span></p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig3"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig3"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="942672.fig.003" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.003.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图3</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> SSA的流程图。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>一般来说,四个标量参数、系数的反射<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M132" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:8.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.9375 7.1750002" width="8.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,扩大<年代vg height="13.425" id="M133" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,收缩<年代vg height="9.9375" id="M134" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0625 9.9375" width="8.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>必须指定,收缩来定义一个完整的下山单纯形法<年代vg height="9.875" id="M135" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9375 9.875" width="7.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。很多文章报道,系数的值<年代vg height="10.9125" id="M136" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:47.862499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 47.862499 10.9125" width="47.862499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.515023" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.555412" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.806911" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.932661" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="13.55" id="M137" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:47.775002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 47.775002 13.55" width="47.775002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.440005" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.480394" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.731894" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.857643" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="13.8" id="M138" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:46.987499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 46.987499 13.8" width="46.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.8)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.96)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.8148546" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.855244" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.106745" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.232494" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="13.7375" id="M139" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:46.862499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 46.862499 13.7375" width="46.862499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7148314" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="21.75522" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.00672" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.132469" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>使用(<一个href="#B36">34</一个>]。图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig2/" target="_blank">2</一个>展示了反射,扩张、收缩和收缩点在二维单形使用上述系数的值。</p> <h5 id="sec3.3">3.3。Chaotic-PSO与单纯形算子</h5> <p>提高exploration-exploitation混乱PSO方法的能力,单纯形算子的chaotic-PSO是包括在内。该方法由两部分组成。chaotic-PSO从事全球勘探,另一个是单纯形搜索增加当地开发能够逃离局部最小值和加速收敛的过程。提出的计算程序SCPSO算法描述如下。<年代pan class="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(1)</年代pan><span class="list-content">设置<年代vg height="13" id="M140" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:28.125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 28.125 13" width="28.125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.6)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-68.04,61.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>并生成初始种群。比较每个粒子的适应度来获取它<年代vg height="14.3625" id="M141" style="vertical-align:-5.89613pt;width:32.224998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.224998 14.3625" width="32.224998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,62.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.79,62.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> b</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.2618876" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.5964" y="0"> t</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。最好的<年代vg height="14.3625" id="M142" style="vertical-align:-5.89613pt;width:32.224998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.224998 14.3625" width="32.224998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.3625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.51)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,62.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.79,62.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> b</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.2618876" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.5964" y="0"> t</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>来标示<年代vg height="14.4125" id="M143" style="vertical-align:-5.93124pt;width:32.700001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.700001 14.4125" width="32.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.47)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,62.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.42,62.16)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> b</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.2618876" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.605152" y="0"> t</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</年代pan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(2)</年代pan><span class="list-content">使用帐篷映射(<年代vg height="13.55" id="M144" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:36.849998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 36.849998 13.55" width="36.849998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.55)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.077658" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.118048" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>根据()生成混沌变量<一个href="#EEq23">22</一个>)。<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq23"> <svg height="86.162498" id="M145" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 86.162498" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,86.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-3.07)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,111.2,49.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,117.44,55.73)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,131.99,49.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.209999" y="-10.3"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.08,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,167.92,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,186.14,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 145.22,52.81 60.48,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.22,39.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,152.1,44.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.7799997"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,171.9,39.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,190.12,43.94)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,206.89,49.68)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-133.74001" y="38.150002"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,79.39,17.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.65312" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="18.029119" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,100.83,11.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,107.07,17.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.65312" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="18.029119" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,131.99,11.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.03" y="4.9200001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.110001" y="-2.6400001"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.110001" y="2.6300001"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.610001" y="1.7763568e-015"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.4" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.427166" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.767387" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,188.84,17.58)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,202.69,11.53)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.969999" y="-2.6400001"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="26.969999" y="2.6300001"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.469999" y="4.9200001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="17.579218" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.704967" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="39.150002" y="1.7763568e-015"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="54.316139" y="1.7763568e-015"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="61.680405" y="1.7763568e-015"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="73.720795" y="1.7763568e-015"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="79.972298" y="1.7763568e-015"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="85.186043" y="1.7763568e-015"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="91.437546" y="1.7763568e-015"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="96.638794" y="1.7763568e-015"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="102.8903" y="1.7763568e-015"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="108.10404" y="1.7763568e-015"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="122.69505" y="1.7763568e-015"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="127.89629" y="1.7763568e-015"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="137.77367" y="1.7763568e-015"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="265.17999" y="-22.879999"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="269.34351" y="-22.879999"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="275.595" y="-22.879999"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="281.8465" y="-22.879999"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>映射的混沌变量<年代vg height="20.4375" id="M146" style="vertical-align:-4.2998pt;width:34.724998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.724998 20.4375" width="34.724998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.65)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.71,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.65312" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="18.029119" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在搜索范围的决策变量<年代vg height="20.4375" id="M147" style="vertical-align:-4.2998pt;width:35.525002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.525002 20.4375" width="35.525002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.4375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.65)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.65312" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="18.029119" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq25"> <svg height="20.7875" id="M148" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 20.7875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,20.7875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-55.37)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,71.47,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,78.35,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,90.89,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,109.8,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,128.15,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,145.74,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.24"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="7.658" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.65312" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="18.029119" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,169.26,57.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,181.99,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.7700005"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.8,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.02,64.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.59,57.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.9400001" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.106138" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.470406" y="-2.51"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="42.498291" y="-2.51"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.74979" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="53.963543" y="-2.51"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="60.215042" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="65.428795" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="71.68029" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="76.881538" y="-2.51"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="91.472542" y="-2.51"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="96.686295" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="106.56367" y="-2.51"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="232.28" y="-2.51"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="236.4435" y="-2.51"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="242.69499" y="-2.51"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="248.9465" y="-2.51"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></span></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(3)</年代pan><span class="list-content">更新粒子的速度<年代vg height="17.674999" id="M149" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:32.325001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.325001 17.674999" width="32.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.024912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和位置<年代vg height="17.674999" id="M150" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:33.012501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.012501 17.674999" width="33.012501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.024912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>根据(<一个href="#EEq14">13</一个>)和(<一个href="#EEq14">14</一个>),分别。此外,<年代vg height="17.674999" id="M151" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:88.987503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 88.987503 17.674999" width="88.987503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="2.5006001" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.12,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.024912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-43.69,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.9764342" y="0"> ≤</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.00432" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-19.35,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</年代pan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">评估健康<年代vg height="16.775" id="M152" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:34.974998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.974998 16.775" width="34.974998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.775)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.58)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.96)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.51,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.024912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>为每个更新粒子。</年代pan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label"></span><span class="list-content">更新<年代vg height="23.0625" id="M153" style="vertical-align:-6.39774pt;width:33.012501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.012501 23.0625" width="33.012501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,23.0625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-53.55)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.82"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.024912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.79,55.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> b</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.2618876" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.5964" y="0"> t</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="23.1" id="M154" style="vertical-align:-6.43285pt;width:33.012501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.012501 23.1" width="33.012501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,23.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-53.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,59.98)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="10.82"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.024912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.42,55.21)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> b</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.2618876" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.605152" y="0"> t</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>如果需要的话。</年代pan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(4)</年代pan><span class="list-content">秩序,重新贴标签于所有新粒子(新offsprint)<年代vg height="17.674999" id="M155" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:33.012501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.012501 17.674999" width="33.012501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,17.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.86)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,61.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,66.03)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.9144161" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.6537919" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.648912" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="16.024912" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>根据他们的健康。施加一个小的单纯形搜索的迭代次数,提高人口的新粒子。</年代pan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(5)</年代pan><span class="list-content">让<年代vg height="11.325" id="M156" style="vertical-align:-0.51414pt;width:62.75px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 62.75 11.325" width="62.75" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-62.94)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> ∶</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.765803" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.806192" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="32.495296" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="43.835518" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>重复步骤2 - 5,直到停止准则(<年代vg height="13" id="M157" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:52.400002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 52.400002 13" width="52.400002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.6)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,64.86)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.37677" y="0"> ></t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.417158" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.61,61.74)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)是满足。</年代pan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(6)</年代pan><span class="list-content">最新的<年代vg height="12.975" id="M158" style="vertical-align:-4.77652pt;width:32.700001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.700001 12.975" width="32.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,12.975)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.62)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.42,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> b</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.2618876" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="11.605152" y="0"> t</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是最优的解决方案。</年代pan></span></span></p> <h4 id="development-of-the-proposed-method">4所示。该方法的发展</h4> <h5 id="sec4.1">4.1。代表的粒子</h5> <p>在这篇文章中,粒子由两个连续的控制变量<年代vg height="11.05" id="M159" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:14.425px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 14.425 11.05" width="14.425" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和离散控制变量<年代vg height="11.05" id="M160" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:15.825px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.825 11.05" width="15.825" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。一个粒子<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M161" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是一个整数结构,<年代vg height="16.375" id="M162" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:190.8625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 190.8625 16.375" width="190.8625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.840101" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.880489" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="27.043989" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-38.02,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-33.46,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-21.37,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-15.69,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="7.6268301" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.667219" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.830717" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,15.57,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,22.67,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,35.07,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,42.17,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,54.25,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,59.03,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,70.93,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,76.48,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。物理变量编码如下。<年代pan class="list"><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(1)</年代pan><span class="list-content">连续变量<年代vg height="11.05" id="M163" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:17.2875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.2875 11.05" width="17.2875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>以真正的价值区间<年代vg height="18.6875" id="M164" style="vertical-align:-3.88599pt;width:78.637497px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 78.637497 18.6875" width="78.637497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.6875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-60.91,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="8.6899996"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-43.88,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.79,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.7799997"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="8.7799997"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-13.3,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.5125" id="M165" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:89.612503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 89.612503 14.5125" width="89.612503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.39)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-54.75,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∈</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-31.12,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-24.02,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-11.62,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-4.53,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</年代pan></span><span class="list-item"><span class="list-label">(2)</年代pan><span class="list-content">离散变量<年代vg height="11.05" id="M166" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:18.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5625 11.05" width="18.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>十进制整数值<年代vg height="11.05" id="M167" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:11.9125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.9125 11.05" width="11.9125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.74,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>在这一期间<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M168" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:69.337502px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 69.337502 14.7125" width="69.337502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> 0</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.414999" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="15.616247" y="0"> …</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="30.207249" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.408497" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-23.96,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-20.74,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="16.375" id="M169" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt;width:84.737503px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 84.737503 16.375" width="84.737503" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.9)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.72,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∈</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-30.65,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-25.87,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.2012482" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-13.97,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> ℎ</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-8.42,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ]</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。</年代pan></span></span><span class="equation" id="EEq26"> <svg height="48.1875" id="M170" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 48.1875" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,48.1875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-33.45)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,137.13,49.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,149.69,46.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,156.39,49.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="34.950001" y="9.7299995"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="46.25" y="-10.35"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.191385" y="0"> N</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="25.218552" y="0"> T</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,209.51,64.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2299995"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="9.2299995"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.32,59.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,247.54,64.95)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 202.64,52.73 60.48,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,223.97,40.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9516678" y="0"> T</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.56,37.72)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,264.31,39.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.19" y="-9.7299995"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="203.56" y="-9.7299995"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="207.7235" y="-9.7299995"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="213.97501" y="-9.7299995"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="220.2265" y="-9.7299995"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="14.7125" id="M171" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt;width:22.387501px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.387501 14.7125" width="22.387501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.9516678" y="0"> T</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.36,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>的可调步长离散控制变量<年代vg height="11.05" id="M172" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:18.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5625 11.05" width="18.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>。<年代vg height="13.45" id="M173" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt;width:41.037498px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 41.037498 13.45" width="41.037498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.24)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="4.1634989" y="0"> N</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.190665" y="0"> T</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="20.829998" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="24.993498" y="0"> ⋅</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="28.569355" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是运营商四舍五入到最近的整数变量。将离散变量<年代vg height="11.05" id="M174" style="vertical-align:-3.24037pt;width:18.5625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5625 11.05" width="18.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>到一个实际控制值是(<一个href="#EEq27">25</一个>)。<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq27"> <svg height="19.1625" id="M175" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 19.1625" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,19.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-56.67)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,155.21,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,162.08,57.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,173.43,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.027886" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,192.35,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.7,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> +</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.26,57.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,234.25,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ⋅</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.3515239" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.303192" y="0"> T</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,255.2,57.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,258.42,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="209.45" y="0"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="213.61349" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219.86501" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="226.1165" y="0"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></p> <h5 id="sec4.2">4.2。SCPSO-Based CC-OPF</h5> <p>正如上面提到的,不仅CC-OPF的目标是最小化总运营成本,而且还提高传输安全、减少传输损耗,提高母线电压概要文件下pre-contingency或post-contingency状态。的搜索程序SCPSO-based CC-OPF方法如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig4/" target="_blank">4</一个>。目标函数(<一个href="#EEq5">5</一个>)是作为适应度函数。如果一个粒子<年代vg height="7.1624999" id="M176" style="vertical-align:-0.11285pt;width:8.7250004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.7250004 7.1624999" width="8.7250004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是一个可行的解决方案,满足所有约束,其健身将被测量(<一个href="#EEq5">5</一个>)。否则,其健身将处罚与一个非常大的正的常数<年代vg height="10.8125" id="M177" style="vertical-align:-0.20064pt;width:8.5749998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.5749998 10.8125" width="8.5749998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.8125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.35)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>(即。,the dependent variable violates either the equality constraints (<一个href="#EEq6">6</一个>)或不等式约束(<一个href="#EEq9">8</一个>)- - - - - -(<一个href="#EEq11">10</一个>))。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig4"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig4"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="942672.fig.004" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.004.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图4</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig4/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 操作程序的SCPSO-based CC-OPF方法。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="numerical-examples-and-results">5。数值例子和结果</h4> <p>当发电机的随机性载荷影响的约束被认为,OPF问题变得非凸,可能因此降低解的质量和收敛速度。验证的可行性和鲁棒性的OPF方法,提出SCPSO-based 26-bus和IEEE 57-bus系统进行了测试。该方法与其他随机方法,如chaotic-based PSO(复)<一个href="#B28">27</一个>),与高斯变异PSO (MPSO) [<一个href="#B26">25</一个>),与线性递减惯性权重的改进PSO (IPSO) [<一个href="#B23">22</一个>),混合遗传算法(无)<一个href="#B13">11</一个>]和差分进化(DE) [<一个href="#B16">16</一个>),在解的质量和计算效率使用相同的适应度函数和粒子的定义。所有算法的迭代的最大数量设置为100。</p> <h5 id="sec5.1">5.1。研究系统的描述</h5> <p><span class="statement" id="head8"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">(我)26-Bus系统</我></年代pan><br>系统包含六个热量单位,26日巴士和46个输电线路图所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig5/" target="_blank">5</一个>(<一个href="#B8">12</一个>]。负载需求1263兆瓦。的详细特征六热量单位与随机性载荷效应给出了表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab1/" target="_blank">1</一个>。让公共汽车1表示松弛总线;数据总线数据,分支,变压器抽头数据和并联电容器银行系统的数据所示(<一个href="#B16">16</一个>]。<br>系统共有27个控制变量如下:5单元有功功率输出,6 generator-bus电压大小,7变压器抽头的设置,和9 var-injection并联电容器的值。变压器抽头的可调节范围从0.9到1.1(聚氨酯pu,和并联导纳并联电容器是j0.05 pu 0.0。可调步长是0.01 pu变压器抽头的设置,改变步长是j0.005 pu并联导纳。根据(<一个href="#EEq26">24</一个>),<年代vg height="10.325" id="M178" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:17.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.237499 10.325" width="17.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.74)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>上面的两个离散变量的值是20和10个,分别。上限和下限的generator-bus聚氨酯和1.05聚氨酯和load-bus电压是0.95,分别。</年代pan></p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab1"> <table class="table-group" id="tab1"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="11"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="left">公共汽车没有。</td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 33.049999px;"> <svg height="18.5875" id="M179" style="vertical-align:-3.7982pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.049999 18.5875" width="33.049999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.13)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.65,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.87" y="8.6899996"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 34.862499px;"> <svg height="16.25" id="M180" style="vertical-align:-3.88599pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.862499 16.25" width="34.862499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.25)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.65,67.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-1.87" y="8.7799997"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 33.625px;"> <svg height="18.5875" id="M181" style="vertical-align:-3.74187pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 33.625 18.5875" width="33.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,18.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-57.13)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.91)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.19,65.97)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.6899996"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 35.4375px;"> <svg height="16.25" id="M182" style="vertical-align:-3.82965pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.4375 16.25" width="35.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.25)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.19,67.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.7799997"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 34.487499px;"> <svg height="16.25" id="M183" style="vertical-align:-3.81712pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.487499 16.25" width="34.487499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.25)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.85)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.95,67.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="-0.87" y="8.7799997"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 12px;"> <svg height="11.05" id="M184" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12 11.05" width="12" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.67,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 11.5px;"> <svg height="14.5875" id="M185" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.5 14.5875" width="11.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.07,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 10.6375px;"> <svg height="11.05" id="M186" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.6375 11.05" width="10.6375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.76,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 12.4625px;"> <svg height="14.5875" id="M187" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4625 14.5875" width="12.4625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.3,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 11.1px;"> <svg height="11.05" id="M188" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1 11.05" width="11.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.39,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="11"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">1</td> <td align="center">One hundred.</td> <td align="center">500年</td> <td align="center">80年</td> <td align="center">300年</td> <td align="center">550年</td> <td align="center">240年</td> <td align="center">7.0</td> <td align="center">0.0070</td> <td align="center">One hundred.</td> <td align="center">0.0545</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">200年</td> <td align="center">40</td> <td align="center">250年</td> <td align="center">300年</td> <td align="center">200年</td> <td align="center">10.0</td> <td align="center">0.0095</td> <td align="center">80年</td> <td align="center">0.0825</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">3</td> <td align="center">80年</td> <td align="center">300年</td> <td align="center">40</td> <td align="center">150年</td> <td align="center">350年</td> <td align="center">220年</td> <td align="center">8.5</td> <td align="center">0.0090</td> <td align="center">80年</td> <td align="center">0.0710</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">4</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">150年</td> <td align="center">40</td> <td align="center">80年</td> <td align="center">200年</td> <td align="center">200年</td> <td align="center">11.0</td> <td align="center">0.0090</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">0.0930</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">5</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">200年</td> <td align="center">40</td> <td align="center">160年</td> <td align="center">250年</td> <td align="center">220年</td> <td align="center">10.5</td> <td align="center">0.0080</td> <td align="center">80年</td> <td align="center">0.0825</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">26</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">120年</td> <td align="center">15</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">150年</td> <td align="center">190年</td> <td align="center">12.0</td> <td align="center">0.0075</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">0.0900</td> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="11"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表1</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 发电机组容量和系数26-bus系统。</div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig5"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig5"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="942672.fig.005" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.005.jpg"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图5</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig5/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 一个孤26-bus系统图。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p><span class="statement" id="head9"><span class="statement-title"><i class="statement-title">(2)IEEE 57-Bus系统</我></年代pan><br>IEEE 57-bus系统包含七个热量单位,57公交车和46输电线路。负载需求1250.8 MW。火电机组的详细特征七与随机性载荷效应给出了表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab2/" target="_blank">2</一个>。公共汽车1是摇摆不定的总线。<br>系统共有31个控制变量如下:6有功功率输出,7 generator-bus电压大小,15变压器抽头的设置,和3 var-injection并联电容器的值。因为变压器抽头的可调节范围是0.9 - -1.1 pu、和并联导纳范围从0.0到0.1 pu、变压器抽头的可调步长设置为0.01 pu、并联导纳和变化的步长是0.005聚氨酯。的<年代vg height="10.325" id="M189" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:17.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.237499 10.325" width="17.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g 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x="0" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.4239678" y="9.1400003"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 35.4375px;"> <svg height="16.8375" id="M193" style="vertical-align:-4.29488pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.4375 16.8375" width="35.4375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.8375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-62.19,67.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2299995"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.4239678" y="9.2299995"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td 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10.6375px;"> <svg height="11.05" id="M197" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.6375 11.05" width="10.6375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.76,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 12.4625px;"> <svg height="14.5875" id="M198" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.4625 14.5875" width="12.4625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.3,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 11.1px;"> <svg height="11.05" id="M199" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 11.1 11.05" width="11.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.05)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.16)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-66.39,63.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="11"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">1</td> <td align="center">One hundred.</td> <td align="center">500年</td> <td align="center">−200</td> <td align="center">300年</td> <td align="center">550年</td> <td align="center">240年</td> <td align="center">7.0</td> <td align="center">0.007</td> <td align="center">One hundred.</td> <td align="center">0.0545</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">2</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">150年</td> <td align="center">−50</td> <td align="center">60</td> <td align="center">200年</td> <td align="center">200年</td> <td align="center">11.0</td> <td align="center">0.009</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">0.0930</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">3</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">150年</td> <td align="center">−50</td> <td align="center">60</td> <td align="center">200年</td> <td align="center">200年</td> <td align="center">11.0</td> <td align="center">0.009</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">0.0930</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">6</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">120年</td> <td align="center">−40</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">180年</td> <td align="center">190年</td> <td align="center">12.0</td> <td align="center">0.0075</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">0.0900</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">8</td> <td align="center">80年</td> <td align="center">300年</td> <td align="center">−150</td> <td align="center">200年</td> <td align="center">350年</td> <td align="center">220年</td> <td align="center">8.5</td> <td align="center">0.009</td> <td align="center">80年</td> <td align="center">0.0710</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">9</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">120年</td> <td align="center">−40</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">180年</td> <td align="center">190年</td> <td align="center">12.0</td> <td align="center">0.0075</td> <td align="center">50</td> <td align="center">0.0900</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">12</td> <td align="center">80年</td> <td align="center">300年</td> <td align="center">−150</td> <td align="center">200年</td> <td align="center">350年</td> <td align="center">220年</td> <td align="center">8.5</td> <td align="center">0.009</td> <td align="center">80年</td> <td align="center">0.0710</td> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="11"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表2</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 发电机组容量和系数在IEEE 57-bus系统。</div> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec5.2">5.2。选择应急事件</h5> <p>表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab3/" target="_blank">3</一个>显示了两个国家的研究系统。一种是正常运行(pre-contingency),另一个是post-contingency选定的意外事故发生。在26-bus系统中,输电线路的功率流<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M200" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:21.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.237499 14.4625" width="21.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.39,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.94,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是关于74.31 Mva正常的经济运行。从权变选择的结果,最关键的缺点之一就是证明<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M201" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:21.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.237499 14.4625" width="21.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.39,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.94,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>停机。当行<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M202" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:21.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.237499 14.4625" width="21.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.39,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.94,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>指责,三行(<年代vg height="14.5375" id="M203" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:26.700001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.700001 14.5375" width="26.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.37)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.39,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.94,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.5375" id="M204" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:21.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.237499 14.5375" width="21.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.37)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.39,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.94,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="14.5375" id="M205" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:26.700001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.700001 14.5375" width="26.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.37)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.39,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.94,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)被重载,如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig5/" target="_blank">5</一个>。在IEEE 57-bus系统中,输电线路的功率流<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M206" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:26.700001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.700001 14.4625" width="26.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.39,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.94,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>约为100.82 Mva在正常操作。当<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M207" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:26.700001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.700001 14.4625" width="26.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.39,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.94,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>指责,两行(<年代vg height="14.5375" id="M208" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:26.700001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.700001 14.5375" width="26.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.37)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.39,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.94,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.5375" id="M209" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt;width:24.875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.875 14.5375" width="24.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.37)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.93,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.02,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)被重载。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab3"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab3"> <table class="table-group" id="tab3"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" rowspan="2">研究系统</td> <td align="center" colspan="2">正常操作(Pre-contingency)</td> <td align="center" colspan="2">Postcontingency</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">行</td> <td align="center">行流(Mva)</td> <td align="center">行停机</td> <td align="center">过载</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="5"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">26-bus</td> <td align="center">l<年代ub>2 - 7日</年代ub></td> <td align="center">74.31</td> <td align="center">l<年代ub>2 - 7日</年代ub></td> <td align="center">l<年代ub>队</年代ub>,我<年代ub>2 - 8</年代ub>,我<年代ub>8 - 12</年代ub></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">IEEE 57-bus</td> <td align="center">l<年代ub>1卷</年代ub></td> <td align="center">100.82</td> <td align="center">l<年代ub>1卷</年代ub></td> <td align="center">l<年代ub>1 - 16</年代ub>,<年代vg height="14.5375" id="M210" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.875 14.5375" width="24.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.37)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.93,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-57.02,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></td> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="5"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表3</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 系统状态在正常操作和post-contingency。</div> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec5.3">5.3。参数的算法</h5> <p>通过反复实验,提出SCPSO方法的合适参数表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab4/" target="_blank">4</一个>可以使用。人口大小设置为50,迭代次数设置为100。这些系数的反射<年代vg height="7.1750002" id="M211" style="vertical-align:-0.1254pt;width:8.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.9375 7.1750002" width="8.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.175)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,扩大<年代vg height="13.425" id="M212" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:8.8500004px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8500004 13.425" width="8.8500004" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.425)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,收缩<年代vg height="9.9375" id="M213" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:8.0625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.0625 9.9375" width="8.0625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.9375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.05)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和收缩<年代vg height="9.875" id="M214" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:7.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.9375 9.875" width="7.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.1)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>SSA方法是1.0,2.0,0.5,和0.5,分别。最大数量的迭代SSA方法设置为10。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab4"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab4"> <table class="table-group" id="tab4"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="left">算法参数</td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">复形,SCPSO MPSO, IPSO</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"><i>w</我></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">0.9 - -0.4</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"><i>c<年代ub>1</年代ub></i></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">1.05</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"><i>c<年代ub>2</年代ub></i></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">1.05</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span style="width: 31.137501px;"> <svg height="16.25" id="M215" style="vertical-align:-3.88599pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 31.137501 16.25" width="31.137501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.25)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,67.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.7799997"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="8.7799997"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 43.987499px;"> <svg height="16.25" id="M216" style="vertical-align:-3.88599pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 43.987499 16.25" width="43.987499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.25)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,67.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="8.7799997"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.6320801" y="8.7799997"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-46.59,62.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span style="width: 31.137501px;"> <svg height="16.8375" id="M217" style="vertical-align:-4.35121pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 31.137501 16.8375" width="31.137501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.8375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-58.53)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.62,67.92)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="9.2299995"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.656064" y="9.2299995"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 32.012501px;"> <svg height="14.7125" id="M218" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 32.012501 14.7125" width="32.012501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.7125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.23)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.38,60.37)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.16,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> /</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="3.4758339" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="3"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">无形体病和DE参数</td> <td align="center">无形体病</td> <td align="center">德</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="3"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">CR(交叉率)</td> <td align="center">0.6</td> <td align="center">0.5</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"> <svg height="14.325" id="M219" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.799999 14.325" width="17.799999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.325)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.54)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>(突变速率)</td> <td align="center">0.05</td> <td align="center">- - - - - -</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"><i>F</我>(比例因子)</td> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center">0.5</td> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="3"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表4</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab4/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 提出了算法的参数。</div> </div> </div> <h5 id="sec5.4">5.4。实验结果</h5> <p>在每一个学习系统,共有30个试验进行。总结了仿真结果表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab5/" target="_blank">5</一个>。控制变量的最优设置了四个建议方法如表所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab6/" target="_blank">6</一个>。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab5"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab5"> <table class="table-group" id="tab5"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" rowspan="2">研究系统</td> <td align="center" rowspan="2">方法</td> <td align="center" colspan="2">健身</td> <td align="center" colspan="3">性能指标</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"> <svg height="14.475" id="M220" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 30.0875 14.475" width="30.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>(最好的)</td> <td align="center"> <svg height="14.5875" id="M221" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 31.9125 14.5875" width="31.9125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>(坏的)</td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 21.9625px;"> <svg height="13.575" id="M222" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.9625 13.575" width="21.9625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="width: 9.6374998px;"> <svg height="9.6750002" id="M223" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.6374998 9.6750002" width="9.6374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center"><i><i>σ</我></我></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" rowspan="6">26-bus</td> <td align="center">SCPSO</td> <td align="center">15499年</td> <td align="center">15587年</td> <td align="center">87年</td> <td align="center">15573年</td> <td align="center">14.3111</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">结合复</td> <td align="center">15503年</td> <td align="center">15612年</td> <td align="center">109年</td> <td align="center">15578年</td> <td align="center">26.2314</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">MPSO</td> <td align="center">15545年</td> <td align="center">15633年</td> <td align="center">88年</td> <td align="center">15618年</td> <td align="center">27.1884</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">IPSO</td> <td align="center">15552年</td> <td align="center">15658年</td> <td align="center">106年</td> <td align="center">15619年</td> <td align="center">27.2129</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">无形体病</td> <td align="center">15568年</td> <td align="center">15857年</td> <td align="center">189年</td> <td align="center">15658年</td> <td align="center">29.1129</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">德</td> <td align="center">15575年</td> <td align="center">15714年</td> <td align="center">139年</td> <td align="center">15668年</td> <td align="center">30.4691</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" rowspan="6">IEEE 57-bus</td> <td align="center">SCPSO</td> <td align="center">15426年</td> <td align="center">15504年</td> <td align="center">78年</td> <td align="center">15447年</td> <td align="center">16.1596</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">结合复</td> <td align="center">15435年</td> <td align="center">15550年</td> <td align="center">109年</td> <td align="center">15471年</td> <td align="center">30.1171</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">MPSO</td> <td align="center">15436年</td> <td align="center">15546年</td> <td align="center">110年</td> <td align="center">15479年</td> <td align="center">40.2011</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">IPSO</td> <td align="center">15443年</td> <td align="center">15561年</td> <td align="center">118年</td> <td align="center">15494年</td> <td align="center">37.1354</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">无形体病</td> <td align="center">15453年</td> <td align="center">15573年</td> <td align="center">120年</td> <td align="center">15511年</td> <td align="center">47.3282</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">德</td> <td align="center">15470年</td> <td align="center">15579年</td> <td align="center">109年</td> <td align="center">15518年</td> <td align="center">39.5413</td> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="7"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表5</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab5/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 比较两个研究系统的四种方法。</div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab6"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab6"> <table class="table-group" id="tab6"> <tbody> <tr class="table-caption" id="a"> <td><b>(一)</b>最佳设置26-bus控制变量的系统</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="left">控制变量</td> <td align="center">年代<年代米一个ll class="sc">结合复</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">C<年代米一个ll class="sc">算法</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">米<年代米一个ll class="sc">算法</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">我<年代米一个ll class="sc">算法</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">H<年代米一个ll class="sc">遗传算法</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">D<年代米一个ll class="sc">E</年代米一个ll></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">G1</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center"><small class="sc">446.1746</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center"><small class="sc">448.1017</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center"><small class="sc">445.7566</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center"><small class="sc">453.3504</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center"><small class="sc">451.8483</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center"><small class="sc">452.6614</年代米一个ll></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">G2</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">164.7378</td> <td align="center">166.1304</td> <td align="center">200.0000</td> <td align="center">165.0258</td> <td align="center">166.6793</td> <td align="center">165.7782</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">G3</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">258.4341</td> <td align="center">258.1863</td> <td align="center">262.1278</td> <td align="center">259.9621</td> <td align="center">257.4760</td> <td align="center">256.2267</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">G4</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">149.5769</td> <td align="center">149.9920</td> <td align="center">118.0309</td> <td align="center">136.5176</td> <td align="center">144.1294</td> <td align="center">142.0623</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">G5</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">164.5429</td> <td align="center">164.4053</td> <td align="center">200.0000</td> <td align="center">164.5045</td> <td align="center">166.6446</td> <td align="center">163.0210</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">G26</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">91.1452</td> <td align="center">87.9374</td> <td align="center">50.0000</td> <td align="center">103.2680</td> <td align="center">94.6340</td> <td align="center">102.8937</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">1</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0327</td> <td align="center">1.0279</td> <td align="center">1.0411</td> <td align="center">1.0404</td> <td align="center">1.0403</td> <td align="center">1.0286</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">2</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9920</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0088</td> <td align="center">1.0174</td> <td align="center">1.0186</td> <td align="center">1.0190</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">3</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0345</td> <td align="center">1.0201</td> <td align="center">1.0211</td> <td align="center">0.9943</td> <td align="center">0.9959</td> <td align="center">0.9907</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">4</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0346</td> <td align="center">0.9823</td> <td align="center">1.0004</td> <td align="center">0.9754</td> <td align="center">1.0308</td> <td align="center">1.0320</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">5</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0233</td> <td align="center">1.0101</td> <td align="center">0.9751</td> <td align="center">1.0090</td> <td align="center">1.0055</td> <td align="center">1.0053</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">26</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0208</td> <td align="center">1.0291</td> <td align="center">1.0248</td> <td align="center">1.0048</td> <td align="center">1.0055</td> <td align="center">1.0082</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span style="width: 29.275px;"> <svg height="16.237499" id="M224" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 29.275 16.237499" width="29.275" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.2375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.07,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.2797279" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-56.42,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-53.5,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center">1.0200</td> <td align="center">1.0200</td> <td align="center">1.1000</td> <td align="center">1.0100</td> <td align="center">1.0600</td> <td align="center">1.0600</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P2-13</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0200</td> <td align="center">1.0000</td> <td align="center">0.9700</td> <td align="center">1.0000</td> <td align="center">0.9300</td> <td align="center">0.9200</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P3-13</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9700</td> <td align="center">0.9700</td> <td align="center">0.9500</td> <td align="center">0.9900</td> <td align="center">0.9900</td> <td align="center">0.9700</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P4-8</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9800</td> <td align="center">0.9800</td> <td align="center">1.0200</td> <td align="center">1.0200</td> <td align="center">1.0200</td> <td align="center">1.0300</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P4-12</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9800</td> <td align="center">0.9900</td> <td align="center">1.0400</td> <td align="center">1.0300</td> <td align="center">1.0000</td> <td align="center">1.0100</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P6-19</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> <td align="center">0.9500</td> <td align="center">1.0100</td> <td align="center">0.9800</td> <td align="center">0.9700</td> <td align="center">0.9300</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P7-9</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9800</td> <td align="center">0.9800</td> <td align="center">0.9500</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">Y<年代米一个ll class="sc">H1</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0000</td> <td align="center">0.0050</td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0400</td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">Y<年代米一个ll class="sc">H4</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.0300</td> <td align="center">0.0350</td> <td align="center">0.0400</td> <td align="center">0.0300</td> <td align="center">0.0300</td> <td align="center">0.0150</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">Y<年代米一个ll class="sc">H5</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0400</td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0150</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">Y<年代米一个ll class="sc">编辑</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0150</td> <td align="center">0.0200</td> <td align="center">0.0450</td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">Y<年代米一个ll class="sc">H9</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.0150</td> <td align="center">0.0400</td> <td align="center">0.0150</td> <td align="center">0.0400</td> <td align="center">0.0300</td> <td align="center">0.0250</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">Y<年代米一个ll class="sc">H11</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.0250</td> <td align="center">0.0450</td> <td align="center">0.0350</td> <td align="center">0.0250</td> <td align="center">0.0350</td> <td align="center">0.0300</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">Y<年代米一个ll class="sc">H12</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0350</td> <td align="center">0.0250</td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0300</td> <td align="center">0.0200</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">Y<年代米一个ll class="sc">H15</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0350</td> <td align="center">0.0100</td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0200</td> <td align="center">0.0450</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">Y<年代米一个ll class="sc">段H19</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.0450</td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0150</td> <td align="center">0.0250</td> <td align="center">0.0200</td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">健身<年代vg height="13.4875" id="M225" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.675 13.4875" width="10.675" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="center">15499年</td> <td align="center">15503年</td> <td align="center">15545年</td> <td align="center">15552年</td> <td align="center">15568年</td> <td align="center">15575年</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">C<年代米一个ll class="sc">我($)</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">15487年</td> <td align="center">15491年</td> <td align="center">15532年</td> <td align="center">15539年</td> <td align="center">15558年</td> <td align="center">15562年</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span style="width: 35.912498px;"> <svg height="14.35" id="M226" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.912498 14.35" width="35.912498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.3474722" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.7234716" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.128" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg><small class="sc">(MW)</年代米一个ll></span></td> <td align="center">11.6166</td> <td align="center">11.7561</td> <td align="center">12.9153</td> <td align="center">12.5594</td> <td align="center">12.8161</td> <td align="center">12.6880</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span style="width: 75.662498px;"> <svg height="16.1" id="M227" style="vertical-align:-3.2729pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 75.662498 16.1" width="75.662498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∑</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.51" y="-0.029999999"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.010599" y="-0.029999999"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.75,59.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-42.75,62.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-24.22,59.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.905664" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.7915521" y="0"> f</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-14.02,62.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center">0.3432</td> <td align="center">0.3411</td> <td align="center">0.5225</td> <td align="center">0.4599</td> <td align="center">0.4402</td> <td align="center">0.3485</td> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="7"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr class="table-caption" id="b"> <td><b>(b)</b>在IEEE 57-bus最佳设置控制变量系统</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td align="left">控制变量</td> <td align="center">年代<年代米一个ll class="sc">结合复</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">C<年代米一个ll class="sc">算法</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">米<年代米一个ll class="sc">算法</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">我<年代米一个ll class="sc">算法</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">H<年代米一个ll class="sc">遗传算法</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">D<年代米一个ll class="sc">E</年代米一个ll></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">G1 (W)</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center"><small class="sc">330.6258</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center"><small class="sc">331.4865</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center"><small class="sc">331.3076</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center"><small class="sc">331.8135</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center"><small class="sc">330.6408</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center"><small class="sc">331.6042</年代米一个ll></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">G2 (W)</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">50.0000</td> <td align="center">56.1645</td> <td align="center">83.7176</td> <td align="center">84.4205</td> <td align="center">83.7784</td> <td align="center">83.9324</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">G3 (W)</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">117.5876</td> <td align="center">117.7136</td> <td align="center">117.6009</td> <td align="center">117.8681</td> <td align="center">92.7311</td> <td align="center">117.6796</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">G6 (W)</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">84.8626</td> <td align="center">85.8677</td> <td align="center">84.8836</td> <td align="center">87.4047</td> <td align="center">85.0812</td> <td align="center">60.2967</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">八国集团(W)</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">300.0000</td> <td align="center">256.9933</td> <td align="center">256.9824</td> <td align="center">257.0185</td> <td align="center">257.0101</td> <td align="center">256.9304</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">G9 (W)</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">84.8851</td> <td align="center">119.8924</td> <td align="center">95.4473</td> <td align="center">91.9031</td> <td align="center">120.0000</td> <td align="center">120.0000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">P<年代米一个ll class="sc">G12 (W)</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">300.0000</td> <td align="center">299.9529</td> <td align="center">300.0000</td> <td align="center">300.0000</td> <td align="center">300.0000</td> <td align="center">300.0000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">G1</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">G2</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0480</td> <td align="center">1.0495</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0497</td> <td align="center">1.0497</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">G3</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0498</td> <td align="center">1.0079</td> <td align="center">1.0478</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">G6</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0496</td> <td align="center">1.0462</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">八国集团</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0498</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0456</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">国</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0341</td> <td align="center">1.0446</td> <td align="center">1.0438</td> <td align="center">1.0433</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">V<年代米一个ll class="sc">G12</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0252</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">1.0498</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P4-18</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9700</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> <td align="center">1.0100</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P7-29</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9700</td> <td align="center">1.0300</td> <td align="center">1.0000</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P9-55</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9700</td> <td align="center">1.0300</td> <td align="center">0.9900</td> <td align="center">1.0500</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P10-51</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> <td align="center">0.9500</td> <td align="center">1.0100</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P11-41</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9900</td> <td align="center">1.0300</td> <td align="center">0.9700</td> <td align="center">0.9300</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> <td align="center">1.1000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P11-43</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9300</td> <td align="center">0.9200</td> <td align="center">0.9300</td> <td align="center">1.1000</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> <td align="center">0.9200</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P13-49</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9000</td> <td align="center">0.9000</td> <td align="center">0.9000</td> <td align="center">0.9200</td> <td align="center">0.9000</td> <td align="center">1.0100</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P14-46</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9200</td> <td align="center">0.9200</td> <td align="center">0.9200</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> <td align="center">0.9300</td> <td align="center">0.9800</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P15-45</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9300</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> <td align="center">0.9300</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P20-21</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0200</td> <td align="center">1.0400</td> <td align="center">1.0100</td> <td align="center">1.0000</td> <td align="center">1.1000</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P24-25</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0300</td> <td align="center">0.9500</td> <td align="center">1.0000</td> <td align="center">0.9200</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> <td align="center">0.9300</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P24-26</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0400</td> <td align="center">1.0900</td> <td align="center">1.0800</td> <td align="center">1.1000</td> <td align="center">1.0000</td> <td align="center">0.9500</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P32-34</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9800</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> <td align="center">0.9500</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> <td align="center">0.9000</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P40-56</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">1.0300</td> <td align="center">1.0100</td> <td align="center">1.0400</td> <td align="center">1.0800</td> <td align="center">1.0300</td> <td align="center">0.9600</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">T<年代米一个ll class="sc">P39-57</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.9900</td> <td align="center">1.0400</td> <td align="center">0.9800</td> <td align="center">1.0400</td> <td align="center">1.0200</td> <td align="center">0.9400</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">Y<年代米一个ll class="sc">H18</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.0900</td> <td align="center">0.0500</td> <td align="center">0.0250</td> <td align="center">0.0300</td> <td align="center">0.1000</td> <td align="center">0.0700</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">Y<年代米一个ll class="sc">H25</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.1000</td> <td align="center">0.0800</td> <td align="center">0.1000</td> <td align="center">0.0600</td> <td align="center">0.1000</td> <td align="center">0.0650</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">Y<年代米一个ll class="sc">H53</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">0.0800</td> <td align="center">0.1000</td> <td align="center">0.1000</td> <td align="center">0.1000</td> <td align="center">0.0700</td> <td align="center">0.0650</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">健身<年代vg height="13.4875" id="M228" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.675 13.4875" width="10.675" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></td> <td align="center">15426年</td> <td align="center">15435年</td> <td align="center">15436年</td> <td align="center">15443年</td> <td align="center">15453年</td> <td align="center">15470年</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">C<年代米一个ll class="sc">我($)</年代米一个ll></td> <td align="center">15407年</td> <td align="center">15415年</td> <td align="center">15414年</td> <td align="center">15420年</td> <td align="center">15429年</td> <td align="center">15448年</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span style="width: 35.912498px;"> <svg height="14.35" id="M229" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 35.912498 14.35" width="35.912498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.52)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.52,60.66)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="5.3474722" y="0"> o</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.7234716" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="13.128" y="0"> 年代</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg><small class="sc">(MW)</年代米一个ll></span></td> <td align="center">17.1611</td> <td align="center">17.2709</td> <td align="center">19.1394</td> <td align="center">19.6284</td> <td align="center">18.4116</td> <td align="center">19.6433</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span style="width: 75.662498px;"> <svg height="16.1" id="M230" style="vertical-align:-3.2729pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 75.662498 16.1" width="75.662498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,16.1)"> <g transform="translate(72,-59.12)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,62.41)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ∑</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="13.51" y="-0.029999999"> |</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="16.010599" y="-0.029999999"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-48.75,59.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-42.75,62.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-24.22,59.31)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> r</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.905664" y="0"> e</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.7915521" y="0"> f</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-14.02,62.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> |</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span></td> <td align="center">2.3280</td> <td align="center">2.6581</td> <td align="center">2.7262</td> <td align="center">2.6219</td> <td align="center">2.8305</td> <td align="center">2.1472</td> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="7"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表6</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab6/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"></div> </div> </div> <p>在表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab5/" target="_blank">5</一个>,三个性能指标,即分布区域(<年代vg height="13.575" id="M231" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:21.9625px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.9625 13.575" width="21.9625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.575)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.14)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.52)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>),平均值(<年代vg height="9.6750002" id="M232" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:9.6374998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.6374998 9.6750002" width="9.6374998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,9.675)"> <g transform="translate(72,-64.26)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)和标准差(<年代vg height="6.9875002" id="M233" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt;width:9.3000002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.3000002 6.9875002" width="9.3000002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,6.9875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.41)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>)是用来验证该方法的鲁棒性。最好的健身得到每个试验记录。该指标用来评估该方法的有效性在解决CC-OPF问题。<年代pan class="equation" id="EEq29"> <svg height="139.58749" id="M234" preserveaspectratio="xMaxYMin" style="vertical-align:-0pt;width:700.9375px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 700.9375 139.58749" width="700.9375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,139.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,39.67)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,161.81,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.442165" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.470051" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.23,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,220.04,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.340221" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.32,60.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,253.89,63.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-52.84" y="27.74"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-77.160004" y="35"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-66.082344" y="35"> =</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 201.05,31.33 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,201.07,19.45)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,216.48,44.15)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,210.58,21.65)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,212.11,14.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,228.82,28.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.76,25.08)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,238.98,28.2)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-65.82" y="33.919998"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-65.82" y="40.130001"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-65.82" y="46.349998"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-65.82" y="67.82"> ⎷</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-88.669998" y="51.52"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="-77.867409" y="51.52"> =</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 187.96,1.7 77.44,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.16,-16.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <g> <path d="m 189.16,-20.19 6.25,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.82499999;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path> </g> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,189.18,-32.07)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,204.59,-7.38)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,198.69,-29.87)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,200.22,-37.05)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="2.7218721" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="8.7169924" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,216.93,-25.83)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.8499999" y="-2.51"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,229.72,-26.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,235.72,-23.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.950001" y="2.51"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> −</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.327718" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,260.53,-15.78)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,265.4,-23.32)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> ,</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="202.47" y="-36.360001"> (</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="206.6335" y="-36.360001"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="212.88499" y="-36.360001"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="219.13651" y="-36.360001"> )</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg></span>在哪里<年代vg height="13.4875" id="M235" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:10.675px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 10.675 13.4875" width="10.675" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.4875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.21)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>是最好的健身的审判,<年代vg height="14.5875" id="M236" style="vertical-align:-3.22282pt;width:31.9125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 31.9125 14.5875" width="31.9125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.5875)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.33)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 一个</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="10.694944" y="0"> x</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>和<年代vg height="14.475" id="M237" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt;width:30.0875px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 30.0875 14.475" width="30.0875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.475)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.42)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-65.01,60.47)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 米</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="6.8090558" y="0"> 我</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="9.2421122" y="0"> n</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>分别是适应性的最大值和最小值,在30试验。<年代vg height="7.1374998" id="M238" style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,7.1375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-66.29)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,66.44)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>试验的数量。</p> <p>见表<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab6/" target="_blank">6</一个>26-bus系统,与其他随机获得的方法相比,提出的性能指标获得SCPSO方法,<年代vg height="13.8" id="M239" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:55.099998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.099998 13.8" width="55.099998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.8)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.96)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.429663" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="31.470051" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="37.72155" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="13.7375" id="M240" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:68.099998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 68.099998 13.7375" width="68.099998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.077658" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.118048" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.369547" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.621048" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.872547" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.124046" y="0"> 9</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="10.9125" id="M241" style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:79.474998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 79.474998 10.9125" width="79.474998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.9125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.27)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.802592" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.842981" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.094481" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.345982" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.471729" y="0"> 3</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.723232" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.974731" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.226231" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,显然是更好的。在IEEE 57-bus系统,与那些通过其他PSO方法相比,提出的性能指标获得SCPSO方法,<年代vg height="13.6125" id="M242" style="vertical-align:-2.34499pt;width:60.3125px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 60.3125 13.6125" width="60.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.6125)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.11)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> Δ</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.0271664" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="19.429663" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.633549" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.885052" y="0"> 8</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg><i>,</我><年代vg height="13.7375" id="M243" style="vertical-align:-2.29482pt;width:68.099998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 68.099998 13.7375" width="68.099998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.7375)"> <g transform="translate(72,-61.01)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="11.077658" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="23.118048" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.369547" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.621048" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="41.872547" y="0"> 4</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="48.124046" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>,<年代vg height="11.225" id="M244" style="vertical-align:-0.27588pt;width:79.474998px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 79.474998 11.225" width="79.474998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,11.225)"> <g transform="translate(72,-63.02)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.35)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> </t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="10.802592" y="0"> =</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="22.842981" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="29.094481" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="35.345982" y="0"> 。</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="38.471729" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="44.723232" y="0"> 5</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="50.974731" y="0"> 9</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="57.226231" y="0"> 6</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>显然,也更好。</p> <p>此外,如表所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab5/" target="_blank">5</一个>提出SCPSO方法仍然是最优秀的健身方法,生成成本、传输损耗,母线电压偏移。例如,26-bus系统,15812年SCPSO方法最好的健身,因此这意味着发电总成本为15487美元,11.6166兆瓦的传输损耗,母线电压偏差0.3432 pu的总和。在IEEE 57-bus系统中,15426年SCPSO方法最好的健身,因此这意味着发电总成本为15407美元,17.1611兆瓦的传输损耗,母线电压偏差2.3280 pu的总和。这些结果表明,该SCPSO方法可以获得更好的解决方案的质量。</p> <h5 id="sec5.5">5.5。讨论</h5> <p>数据<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig6/" target="_blank">6(一)</一个>- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig6/" target="_blank">6 (b)</一个>呈现趋同的倾向使用不同的随机方法显示进一步提出SCPSO方法的优点。每一个被提议的方法的收敛趋势平均健身可以找到在30试验。见这两种数据,提出SCPSO方法收敛行为能逃离当地的最适条件。特别,SCPSO法优于复形法因为前有单纯形算子,可以避免陷入局部最小值。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig6"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig6"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”942672。f我g.006a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.006a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”942672。f我g.006b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.006b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig6"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”942672。f我g.006a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.006a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”942672。f我g.006b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.006b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig6"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图6</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig6/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 收敛趋势。(一)收敛倾向的平均健身26-bus 30多个试验系统。(b)趋同倾向的平均健身IEEE 57-bus 30多个试验系统。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <p>系统操作必须知道哪一行或一代中断将导致功率流或电压超出限制。来验证解决方案的可行性SCPSO获得的方法,两个总线电压概要文件是使用,如图<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig7/" target="_blank">7</一个>。一个研究系统在正常的操作下,用圆圈符号,和另一个是研究系统post-contingency条件下,用十字架的象征。应急分析程序单失败事件如一行在电力系统故障。拟议中的SCPSO-based OPF方法用于检查安全约束。对于每个中断测试,它检查所有线路和电压对各自的限制。两个研究情况下,测试系统能在安全约束下工作包括代限制,传输容量限制,变压器抽头设置限制,和电容器容量限制,如表所示<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab6/" target="_blank">6</一个>(一)和<一个href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/tab6/" target="_blank">6</一个>(b),26-bus系统可以看到,获得的控制变量的最优设置提出SCPSO方法仍然可以维持母线电压的最小可能的偏差甚至当线<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M245" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:21.237499px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 21.237499 14.4625" width="21.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 2</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.39,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.94,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>指责。在IEEE 57-bus系统中,获得了同样的现象提出SCPSO当线方法<年代vg height="14.4625" id="M246" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt;width:26.700001px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.700001 14.4625" width="26.700001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.4625)"> <g transform="translate(72,-60.43)"> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.67)"> <tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0"> l</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-64.31,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-61.39,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> - - - - - -</t年代pan> </text> <text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-59.94,60.55)"> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0"> 1</t年代pan> <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="4.3759999" y="0"> 7</t年代pan> </text> </g> </g> </svg>指责。结果表明,控制变量的最优设置允许操作系统的防守。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig7"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig7"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”942672。f我g.007a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.007a.jpg"> <br> <strong>(一)</年代trong> </div> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”942672。f我g.007b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.007b.jpg"> <br> <strong>(b)</年代trong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-middle"> <div class="floats-partial-middle--thumbs fig-thumbs-fig7"> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(a)"><img alt="(一)”n一个米e=”942672。f我g.007a" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.007a.jpg"><br><strong>(一)</年代trong></button> <button class="partial-carousel-dot" aria-label="(b)"><img alt="(b)”n一个米e=”942672。f我g.007b" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/acisc/volume-2011/942672/figures/942672.fig.007b.jpg"><br><strong>(b)</年代trong></button> </div> <div class="partial-carousel-next-prev fig-nav-fig7"> <button class="carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button class="carousel-next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图7</年代pan> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/acisc/2011/942672/fig7/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> <table> 总线电压概要文件的学习系统。(一)系统的总线电压概要26-bus系统。(b)系统在IEEE 57-bus系统的总线电压概要。</t一个ble> </div> </div> </div> <h4 id="conclusion">6。结论</h4> <p>摘要CC-OPF的一个相关的目标是定义为能够最小化发电总成本以及提高系统的安全,即使系统受输电线路中断。为有效地解决CC-OPF问题,与单纯形算子混沌粒子群优化(SCPSO)。拟议的SCPSO方法包括混沌映射和下山单纯形搜索,可以避免算法过早收敛和逃离局部最小值。所示各种比较,提出的解决方案通过SCPSO方法优于其他随机技术获得的解的质量和收敛特性。</p> <p>在未来我们的主要工作是找出更有效的参数控制方法进一步验证的优点提出SCPSO OPF问题可由主体访问在解决大规模CC-OPF和受安全机制约束的方法。</p> <h4 id="acknowledgments">确认</h4> <p>作者欣然承认金融支持的国家科学委员会中华人民共和国合同nsc94 - 2218 - e - 244 - 003年,台湾电力公司的技术支持。</p> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="references" id="references">引用</h4> <ol> <li id="B1">a . j .木材和b·f·Wollenberg<我>发电运行和控制</我>约翰·威利& Sons,纽约,纽约,美国,1996年。<年代pan class="reflinks"></span></li> <li id="B2">l·l·赖j·t·马r . 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Zahara&publication_year=2004" target="_blank">谷歌学术搜索</一个></年代pan></li> </ol> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="copyright" id="copyright">版权</h4> <p>版权©2011 Zwe-Lee ga和Chia-Hung林。这是一个开放分布式下文章<一个rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">知识共享归属许可</一个>,它允许无限制的使用、分配和复制在任何媒介,提供最初的工作是正确引用。</p> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="biblio__Wrapper-sc-1nou1lz-0 eyHfWh journal_article__BiblioIntegratorWidget-sc-12fk6zy-5 dbAANp article_widget biblioWrapper hide"> <hr> <h4 class="biblio__H4-sc-1nou1lz-2 becpDt hrTitleRef">更多相关文章</h4> <div id="biblio_widget" class="biblio__BiblioWrapper-sc-1nou1lz-1 kCVTCa"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="threeColumn__RightWrapper-sc-1bf4078-2 jzTMLK rightWrapper" id="rightSectionMenu"> <div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyTopToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-0 gbrQxi article_sticky_top_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cBdUnI hRnXob article_top_toolbar"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-jtRfpW dIjoCg sc-exkUMo 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height="24"><span class="text">引用</年代pan></span><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-dqBHgY cQgXqt fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-1 isgRZA article_sticky_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cTjmhe ihmyEq article_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cugefK itFKcQ accordion" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__dofNav"> <span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">下载其他格式</年代pan><span class="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">更多的</年代pan></span> <span class="sc-htoDjs bMdQcY sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="11"></span> </div> <div class="sc-fnwBNb etzuBr"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-iNhVCk gWgCNb open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/acisc/2011/942672.epub" aria-label="ePub" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-eAKXzc WHkfb"> ePub</div><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-bfYoXt cGuwDn" title="" role="presentation" 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height="24"><span class="sc-dRFtgE jrsDZP">订单打印副本</年代pan><span class="sc-gkFcWv gWTCXQ">订单</年代pan></span><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-gbOuXE jGPvPL right__icon icon-colored _32KP5uexH-Bgs7Kj8Gk1Tz icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-hBbWxd kdRRST"> <div class="sc-dyGzUR cHatnS"> <div> 的观点<年代pan>2713年</年代pan> </div> <div> 下载<年代pan>1087年</年代pan> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sc-drKuOJ kxdGAZ"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1155/2011/942672" data-style="small_circle"></span>引用</div> </div> </div> <nav class="sc-bRBYWo fXBKFa sc-hUfwpO jHPgUP" id="toolbar__iconNav"> <h3 class="sc-Rmtcm hNPrIr">分享文章</h3> <ul class="sc-hzDkRC bnbfTS"> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/942672&via=Hindawi" aria-label="Sharing on Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialTwitter" title="" role="presentation" 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