传播科学和激励不同年龄段的观众|Hindawi - raybet雷竞app,雷竞技官网下载,雷电竞下载苹果

Children, teenagers, parents and grandparents; science can inspire people of all ages.

史莱克，由梦工厂制作的2001年的电影是由专家为动画电影[1]，因为它的吸引力这两个孩子和他们的父母的“拐点”欢呼。如果你看过电影作为一个长大了，那么你可能已经注意到，这是因为有两个明显的潜台词：一个针对儿童和其他成年人。当然，这不是偶然发生的。像史莱克的生产者，作为一门科学传播者，你可能会遇到不同年龄的观众了。造成这种情况的主要原因是儿童和青少年很少单独前来。

例如，世界各地的国家体系，如法国科学一周称为“La Fete de la Science”, encourage scientists to take the time to chat with the public about their research. At such events, audiences are essentially made up of young people or children who are accompanied by their parents, grandparents, older siblings or teachers. Knowing how to adjust your approach to appeal to these different age groups is a crucial skill when dealing with mixed audiences.

选择激发

当科学传播任何年龄，“得到启发”的普通大众，一般是地方在列表的顶部。2013年欧盟的研究[2]发现的主要动机让孩子参加科普活动，是因为他们“......有趣的，你可以得到热心的东西。”

你的听众会,智慧hout a doubt, want to learn something new and exciting that makes them see the world, at least a little, differently. I always advise to stick to “inspiring”, rather than “explaining” as it helps steer the tone well away from “patronizing”. Inspiring people keeps us on the same level, an important factor for any age group.

And a great way to inspire is to appeal to the senses. If you can create a demo, bring in a piece of your lab or show a video of something original, then it helps generate a lived experience that will make more of an impact than words alone. When working on a written piece, you can achieve this by prioritizing action verbs, like “to drive”, “to throw” or “to climb”.

For young whippersnappers

Keeping an audience engaged can be difficult at the best of times. And when it comes to science activities for kids [3], it can be even more complex. As a rough guide, children just starting out in primary school may only be able to focus on an activity for around 10 minutes or so. Whereas, by the time they are ready to move on to secondary school, they can pay attention for closer to an hour. This means that the younger your audience, the more regularly you should change activities to keep them engaged [4].

Also, particularly when communicating to young people, you need to be pretty strict with yourself about time management. You are responsible for structuring your talk or workshop. Of course, if you want to inspire then you need to adapt to their needs, which may mean digressing from your planned activities based on questions or topics they find particularly interesting. But be careful to avoid going off on tangents; children can be very good at pulling discussions towards things they want to talk about, rather than what you had planned!

如果你的听众是由十几岁的孩子了，那么你是幸运的。从2008年[5]欧盟其他成员国的调查表明，年轻人（15-25岁）的三分之二有兴趣对科学和技术的消息。这可能是有益的，因为观众和读者会更注重他们是否已经关心科学。虽然，小心，因为这也意味着他们的期望会更高;它需要更多的影响力，激励与谁已经知道了很多关于你的话题的新信息某人。

For those who are advanced in years

The older age bracket may seem like it should be an easier win, but there are nonetheless different challenges. You will probably find that anyone past retirement age will come with a willingness to listen to you, but with a worldview that is more set-in-stone than younger audiences. You will need to be both clear and convincing if you are to shake off some of the myths or misconceptions that have been drilled into them over the years.

Moreover, back in the day, school science was different to what is taught now. So, terms like “molecules”, “evolution” or “DNA” may not be so evident to a more mature audience. I have often been surprised with the amount of knowledge that children may have about complicated topics or terminology in comparison to their accompanying adult. Try and bear this in mind. You can even play on that interaction and call upon the kids to explain something to the grown-ups. Again, that helps even the playing field, keeping everyone on the same level.

To conclude, old or young, a general public audience wants above all to be inspired. Think about what excites you about your work and then build it into a talk which is suitable for your audience. But most of all, let yourself be surprised. The greatest thing, for me, about science outreach is engaging with people and creating a dialogue, which will happen organically if you let it. Enjoy.