TY - JOUR AU - Locantore, Pietro AU - Del Gatto, Valeria AU - Gelli, Silvia AU - Paragliola, Rosa Maria AU - Pontecorvi，Alfredo PY - 2020 DA - 2020/02/26 TI - The Interplay between Immune System and Microbiota in Osteoporosis SP - 3686749vl - 2020 AB -骨质疏松症是一种以低骨量和骨微结构改变为特征的疾病，增加了骨折的风险。这是一种多因素的疾病，在绝经后的妇女中更为常见，但也可能与其他疾病(炎症和代谢性疾病)有关。目前，有几种治疗骨质疏松的方法可以阻止骨再吸收，降低骨折的风险。总之，这些药物在长期治疗中存在安全性和耐受性问题。近年来，肠道菌群对骨代谢的强大影响已被重视，成为改变骨密度的潜在新靶点。这些证据主要基于小鼠模型，表明参与调节免疫系统和骨细胞之间的相互作用。无菌小鼠是了解微生物群、免疫系统和骨细胞之间相互作用的基本模型，尽管数据存在争议。无论如何，这些模型已经明确地证明了这些系统之间的联系，尽管其机制尚不清楚。肠道菌群是一个复杂的系统，它影响钙和维生素D的吸收，并调节肠道通透性、激素分泌和免疫反应。 A key role is played by the T helper 17 lymphocytes, TNF, interleukin 17, and RANK ligand system. Other important pathways include NOD1, NOD2, and Toll-like receptor 5. Prebiotics and probiotics are a wide range of substances and germs that can influence and modify microbiota. Several studies demonstrated actions by different prebiotics and probiotics in different animals, differing according to sex, age, and hormonal status. Data on the effects on humans are poor and controversial. Gut microbiota manipulation appears a possible strategy to prevent and treat osteopenia and/or osteoporosis as well as other possible bone alterations, even though further clinical studies are necessary to identify correct procedures in humans. SN - 0962-9351 UR - https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3686749 DO - 10.1155/2020/3686749 JF - Mediators of Inflammation PB - Hindawi KW - ER -