TY - JOUR A2 - Sridhar, Mynepalli K. C. AU - Awang, Normah AU - Jamaluddin, Farhana PY - 2014 DA - 2014/07/22 TI - Determination of Lead, Cations, and Anions Concentration in Indoor and Outdoor Air at the Primary Schools in Kuala Lumpur SP - 408275 VL - 2014 AB - This study was carried out to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), anions, and cations at six primary schools located around Kuala Lumpur. Low volume sampler (MiniVol PM 10 ) was used to collect the suspended particulates in indoor and outdoor air. Results showed that the concentration of Pb in indoor air was in the range of 5.18 ± 1.08  μg/g–7.01 ± 0.08  μg/g. All the concentrations of Pb in indoor air were higher than in outdoor air at all sampling stations. The concentrations of cations and anions were higher in outdoor air than in indoor air. The concentration of Ca 2 + (39.51 ± 5.01 mg/g–65.13 ± 9.42 mg/g) was the highest because the cation existed naturally in soil dusts, while the concentrations of NO 3 - and SO 4 2 - were higher in outdoor air because there were more sources of exposure for anions in outdoor air, such as highly congested traffic and motor vehicles emissions. In comparison, the concentration of NO 3 - (29.72 ± 0.31  μg/g–32.00 ± 0.75  μg/g) was slightly higher than SO 4 2 - . The concentrations of most of the parameters in this study, such as Mg 2 + , Ca 2 + , NO 3 - , SO 4 2 - , and Pb 2 + , were higher in outdoor air than in indoor air at all sampling stations. SN - 1687-9805 UR - https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/408275 DO - 10.1155/2014/408275 JF - Journal of Environmental and Public Health PB - Hindawi Publishing Corporation KW - ER -