TY - JOUR A2 - Nobile, Lucio AU - Mezgebo, Mebrahtom Gebrekirstos AU - Lui, Eric M. PY - 2016 DA - 2016/12/06 TI - Hysteresis and Soil Site Dependent Input and Hysteretic Energy Spectra for Far-Source Ground Motions SP - 1548319 VL - 2016 AB - Earthquake input energy spectra for four soil site classes, four hysteresis models, and five ductility levels are developed for far-source ground motion effect. These energy spectra are normalized by a quantity called velocity index (VI). The use of VI allows for the creation of dimensionless spectra and results in smaller coefficients of variation. Hysteretic energy spectra are then developed to address the demand aspect of an energy-based seismic design of structures with 5% critical damping and ductility that ranges from 2 to 5. The proposed input and hysteretic energy spectra are then compared with response spectra generated using nonlinear time history analyses of real ground motions and are found to produce reasonably good results over a relatively large period range. SN - 1687-8086 UR - https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1548319 DO - 10.1155/2016/1548319 JF - Advances in Civil Engineering PB - Hindawi Publishing Corporation KW - ER -