心肌梗死 炎症介质 1466年至1861年 0962-9351 Hindawi 10.1155 /九百七十五万二千三百七十二分之二千〇二十〇 9752372 研究论文 的miR-6869-5p抑制胶质瘤细胞增殖和侵袭经由定位PGK1 Fakai 1 Huanjun 2 3 3 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6420-8087 Zengchao 4 诺维克 丹妮拉 1 大脑中心 山东省日照协和医院 潍坊261000 中国 2 麻醉科 潍坊妇幼保健院 潍坊261000 中国 3 附属医院神经外科 潍坊医学院 潍坊261000 中国 wfmc.edu.cn 4 神经外科 中国潍坊市中医院 潍坊261000 中国 2020 21 2020 2020 28 11 2019 21 04 2020 05 05 2020 21 2020 2020 版权所有©2020 Fakai Wang等。 这是一篇在知识共享署名许可下发布的开放访问的文章,该许可允许在任何媒介上不受限制地使用、发布和复制,只要原稿被正确引用。

越来越多的研究表明,失调的microRNAs (miRNAs)在脑肿瘤中发挥重要作用,包括胶质瘤。miR-6869-5p已被证实在多种癌症中异常表达。然而,miR-6869-5p在胶质瘤中的确切作用仍不清楚。本研究旨在评价其对胶质瘤的修饰作用。胶质瘤组织和细胞中miR-6869-5p表达明显下降。胶质瘤细胞中miR-6869-5p与PGK1呈负相关,荧光素酶报告基因检测显示PGK1是该miRNA的靶向基因。miR-6869-5p通过靶向PGK1调控胶质瘤细胞的增殖和侵袭。此外,生存分析提示低miR-6869-5p表达预测胶质瘤患者预后不良。本研究提示miR-6869-5p在胶质瘤中是一个有用的肿瘤抑制因子和预后标志物。

山东省医药卫生科技发展计划 2014年ws0474 2017WS578
1.简介</Ťitle> <p>胶质瘤是一种高度侵袭性和致命性的中枢神经系统恶性肿瘤。其病因尚不清楚。已有研究表明,遗传、环境致癌物和感染因素是导致胶质瘤发病的原因[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"> 1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"> 2</xref>]。暴露于电离辐射会增加罹患胶质瘤的风险,而过敏史和特应性病史则会降低罹患胶质瘤的风险[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"> 3</xref>]。神经胶质瘤的预后是因为高侵袭率的差。由此,识别潜在的生物学标记为探索新的治疗性干预对神经胶质瘤是必不可少的。</p> <p>在过去的几十年里,越来越多的证据支持了microRNAs (miRNAs)在恶性疾病(包括胶质瘤)中的关键作用[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"> 4</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"> 6</xref>]。miRNA是有针对性的基因转录后调节。很多功能性的miRNA已被确定为疾病标志物为神经胶质瘤由于对肿瘤发生,血管生成,增殖,凋亡,癌细胞侵袭[他们的关键作用<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"> 7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"> 8</xref>]。许多成熟的miRNA的被证明影响的临床结果,化疗抗性,和胶质瘤患者的放射治疗抗性[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"> 9</xref>]。特别是,一些miRNAs可以通过调节肿瘤干细胞来影响肿瘤的维持和进展[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"> 10</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"> 11</xref>]。此外,一些细胞外囊泡的递送的miRNA有助于在神经胶质瘤细胞 - 细胞通信,这将作为有效的治疗靶点神经胶质瘤[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"> 12</xref>]。因此,miRNA是关键调节和神经胶质瘤有希望的目标。的miR-6869-5p已经首先鉴定Yan等人是在结肠直肠癌的肿瘤抑制基因。[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"> 13</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"> 14</xref>]。在这项研究中,我们发现了miR-6869-5p在胶质瘤组织中差异表达。然而,的miR-6869-5p胶质瘤中的作用仍然是未知。这项研究的目的是展示的miR-6869-5p对胶质瘤细胞生长和侵袭的作用。确保其靶基因和监管机制在肿瘤发生将有助于为胶质瘤诊断和治疗的新靶点。</p> </sec> <sec id="sec2"> <title>2。材料和方法</Ťitle> <sec id="sec2.1"> <title>2.1。胶质瘤病例及肿瘤组织收集</Ťitle> <p>43例患者得到胶质瘤在潍坊医学院,山东日照整合医院附属医院接受2015年6月和2017年4月间手术切除脑胶质瘤组织。表<xref rid="tab1" ref-type="table"> 1</xref>所有胶质瘤患者的礼物特性。由于第一手术切除,随访时间达28个月。脑样品(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"> <mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic"> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn mathvariant="bold"> 43</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)及邻近组织(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"> <mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic"> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn mathvariant="bold"> 43</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)贮存在液氮中,用于RNA提取。整体生存定义为手术切除和死亡或28个月的随访期间的时间之间的间隔。我们的研究是在医院的伦理委员会的政府下进行。所有参与者都签署了知情同意书。</p> <table-wrap id="tab1"> <label>表1</label> <p>胶质瘤患者的特点。</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th align="left">因素</Ťh> <th align="center">案例</Ťh> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left">年龄(岁)</Ťd> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">< 55</Ťd> <td align="center">19</Ťd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">≥5五</Ťd> <td align="center">24</Ťd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">性别</Ťd> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">女</Ťd> <td align="center">17</Ťd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"> Male</Ťd> <td align="center">26</Ťd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">他年级</Ťd> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"> I/II</Ťd> <td align="center">20.</Ťd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"> III/IV</Ťd> <td align="center">23</Ťd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">肿瘤大小(cm)</Ťd> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">< 5</Ťd> <td align="center">25</Ťd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">≥5</Ťd> <td align="center">18</Ťd> </tr> </tbody> </table> </table-wrap> </sec> <sec id="sec2.2"> <title>2.2。细胞培养和细胞转染</Ťitle> <p>使用10%胎牛血清(Gibco, USA)维持U87和U251胶质瘤细胞。从293T细胞培养上清中获得慢病毒质粒(PcDNA3.1)转染胶质瘤细胞。8<italic> μ</italic>克/ ml聚凝胺试剂涂敷了用于细胞转染。温育48小时后,神经胶质瘤细胞被温育48小时后收获,并在下面的试验中使用。miRNA的抑制剂,模拟物,和相应的对照(GeneChem,上海,中国)被用来治疗神经胶质瘤细胞。</p> </sec> <sec id="sec2.3"> <title>2.3。实时聚合酶链反应(PCR)</Ťitle> <p>使用TRIzol试剂(Invitrogen, USA)从组织和细胞中分离总rna。利用2进行cDNA合成<italic> μ</italic>g总RNA利用宝RT试剂盒(中国天津)。PCR使用宝的SYBR Green预混试剂盒(中国天津)进行。甲的TaqMan miRNA的实时PCR测定试剂盒(赛默飞世尔科技,USA)被用于检测的miRNA表达。使用的引物如下:磷酸甘油酸激酶1(PGK1):F:5<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> “</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> </inline-formula>CTGTGGGGGTATTTGAATGG3<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> “</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> </inline-formula>,R:5<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> “</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> </inline-formula>CTTCCAGGAGCTCCAAACTG3<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M6"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> “</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;GAPDH: F: 5<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M7"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> “</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> </inline-formula>GAGTCAACGGATTTGGTCGT3<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M8"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> “</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> </inline-formula>,R:5<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M9"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> “</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> </inline-formula>TTGATTTTGGAGGGATCTCG3<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M10"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> “</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> </inline-formula>。</p> </sec> <sec id="sec2.4"> <title>2.4。荧光素酶报告实验</Ťitle> <p>野生型(WT)和突变型(MT)结合PGK1 3的位点<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M11"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> “</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> </inline-formula>UTR亚克隆到慢病毒质粒载体(pmir-GLO)。萤光素酶报告系统(Promega,WI,USA)获得通过,以确认的miR-6869-5p与潜在的靶向基因PGK1的关系。293T细胞转染48小时。实验按照该协议进行三次。</p> </sec> <sec id="sec2.5"> <title>2.5。细胞增殖和侵袭</Ťitle> <p>CCK-8(同仁化学,日本)施加根据所述协议,其中数据经单向ANOVA的方法进行分析以估计神经胶质瘤细胞的增殖。肿瘤侵A549细胞侵袭能力和划痕试验检测。<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M12"> <mml:mn> 1</mml:mn> <mml:mo> ×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn> 10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn> 五</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> </inline-formula>每孔中的细胞上,下transwell小室(Corning公司,MA,USA),分别进行培养。48小时后,将细胞用低聚甲醛固定(4%),然后用结晶紫(0.1%)染色。划痕试验还进行了,在显微镜下,其中细胞被扫描。</p> </sec> <sec id="sec2.6"> <title>2.6。统计分析</Ťitle> <p>胶质瘤患者的总生存期是由数秩的Kaplan-Meier分析加检验评估。进行估计胶质瘤患者的死亡率的相对危险性通过用95%CI计算风险比(HR)Cox回归分析。我们用于数据分析STATA,的GraphPad和SPSS软件程序利用学生的<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M13"> <mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic"> Ť</mml:mi> </mml:math> </inline-formula>-检验或单因素方差分析。一个正反<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M14"> <mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic"> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn mathvariant="bold"> 0.05</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>是显著。</p> </sec> </sec> <sec id="sec3"> <title>3.结果</Ťitle> <sec id="sec3.1"> <title>3.1。在脑胶质瘤的miR-6869-5p表达</Ťitle> <p>的miR-6869-5p表达在神经胶质瘤组织(图下降<xref rid="fig1a" ref-type="fig"> 图1(a)</xref>)。的miR-6869-5p表达呈负向肿瘤大小和WHO分级在神经胶质瘤(图相关<xref rid="fig1b" ref-type="fig"> 图1(b)</xref>和<xref rid="fig1c" ref-type="fig"> 图1(c)</xref>),而不同年龄和性别的患者的(图中没有观察到显著关联<xref rid="fig1d" ref-type="fig"> 1(d)</xref>和<xref rid="fig1e" ref-type="fig"> 1(e)中</xref>)。综上所述,miR-6869-5p在胶质瘤中异常表达,可能影响胶质瘤的发生发展。</p> <fig-group id="fig1"> <label>图1</label> <p>miR-6869-5p在胶质瘤中表达异常。(a)与相邻组织相比,胶质瘤组织中miR-6869-5p表达降低(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M15"> <mml:mi> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> /</mml:mo> <mml:mi> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 43</mml:mn> <mml:mo> /</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 43</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M16"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.01</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)。(b)中减少的miR-6869-5p表达在胶质瘤组织与<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M17"> <mml:mtext> 尺寸</mml:mtext> <mml:mo> ≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 五</mml:mn> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:mtext> 厘米</mml:mtext> </mml:math> </inline-formula>相比之下,<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M18"> <mml:mtext> 肿瘤</mml:mtext> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:mtext> 尺寸</mml:mtext> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 五</mml:mn> <mml:mtext> </mml:mtext> <mml:mtext> 厘米</mml:mtext> </mml:math> </inline-formula>(≥5 cm/5 cm: 18/25;<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M19"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.01</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)。(c)与I/II组织相比,III/IV组织中miR-6869-5p表达降低(I/II: 20, III/IV: 23;<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M20"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.05</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)。(d)在不同年龄的miR-6869-5p表达在神经胶质瘤例(≥55/ <55:19分之24)。(e)在不同性别(男/女:26/17)的神经胶质瘤例的miR-6869-5p表达。</p> <fig id="fig1a"> <label>(一)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.001a"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig1b"> <label>(b)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.001b"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig1c"> <label>(c)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.001c"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig1d"> <label>(d)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.001d"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig1e"> <label>(e)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.001e"></graphic> </fig> </fig-group> </sec> <sec id="sec3.2"> <title>3.2。miR-6869-5p影响胶质瘤细胞的增殖和侵袭</Ťitle> <p>实时PCR记载,当神经胶质瘤细胞用miRNA模拟物(图处理的miR-6869-5p表达被促进<xref rid="fig2a" ref-type="fig"> 图2(a)</xref>和<xref rid="fig2b" ref-type="fig"> 图2(b)</xref>)。miR-6869-5p能够在48h和72h抑制胶质瘤细胞的增殖(图)<xref rid="fig2c" ref-type="fig"> 图2(c)</xref>和<xref rid="fig2d" ref-type="fig"> 图2(d)</xref>)。模拟物处理的神经胶质瘤细胞侵袭被抑制,与对照细胞相比,通过划痕试验和Transwell小室法(图证明<xref rid="fig2e" ref-type="fig"> 图2(e)</xref>和<xref rid="fig2f" ref-type="fig"> 图2(f)</xref>)。提示miR-6869-5p具有抑制胶质瘤细胞增殖和侵袭的作用。</p> <fig-group id="fig2"> <label>图2</label> <p>miR-6869-5p抑制胶质瘤细胞的增殖和侵袭。(a) Real-time PCR检测U87细胞中miR-6869-5p的表达(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M21"> <mml:mi> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 3</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M22"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.001</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)。(b)中的miR-6869-5p在U251细胞中的表达(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M23"> <mml:mi> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 3</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M24"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.001</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)。(c)中的miR-6869-5p模拟物抑制U87细胞的增殖(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M25"> <mml:mi> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 3</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M26"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.01</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)。(d) U251细胞的增殖被miR-6869-5p模拟物抑制(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M27"> <mml:mi> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 3</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M28"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.01</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)。(e) miR-6869-5p抑制U87胶质瘤细胞的侵袭(0小时和48小时划痕试验的代表性照片)。(f) transwell检测48h和柱分析的代表性图片(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M29"> <mml:mi> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 3</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M30"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.001</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)。</p> <fig id="fig2a"> <label>(一)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.002a"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig2b"> <label>(b)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.002b"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig2c"> <label>(c)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.002c"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig2d"> <label>(d)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.002d"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig2e"> <label>(e)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.002e"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig2f"> <label>(f)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.002f"></graphic> </fig> </fig-group> </sec> <sec id="sec3.3"> <title>3.3。PGK1靶向调控miR-6869-5p</Ťitle> <p>我们在TargetScanHuman数据库进行生物信息学分析(<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.targetscan.org/"> http://www.targetscan.org/</ext-link>),发现的miR-6869-5p可能在转录后水平调控PGK1通过识别3<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M31"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> “</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> </inline-formula>PGK1的UTR(图)<xref rid="fig3a" ref-type="fig"> 图3(a)</xref>)。在胶质瘤细胞中发现负相关(图)<xref rid="fig3b" ref-type="fig"> 图3(b)</xref>和<xref rid="fig3c" ref-type="fig"> 图3(c)</xref>)。荧光素酶报告基因实验表明,PGK1可以被miR-6869-5p靶向调控(图)<xref rid="fig3d" ref-type="fig"> 3(d)</xref>)。此外,miR-6869-5p可通过靶向PGK1抑制胶质瘤细胞增殖(图)<xref rid="fig3e" ref-type="fig"> 图3(e)</xref>)。此外,当在PGK1细胞中过表达的U87细胞的侵袭显著增强,而的miR-6869-5p模拟物可以通过在转录后水平调节其表达(图营救PGK1的效果<xref rid="fig3f" ref-type="fig"> 3 (f)</xref>和<xref rid="fig3g" ref-type="fig"> 3 (g)</xref>)。总之,的miR-6869-5p可以通过体外靶向PGK1防止神经胶质瘤细胞增殖和侵袭。</p> <fig-group id="fig3"> <label>图3</label> <p>miR-6869-5p靶向调控PGK1,影响胶质瘤细胞的增殖和侵袭。(a)碱基互补序列3<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M32"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> “</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> </inline-formula>PGK1的UTR和miR-6869-5p。(b)中的miR-6869-5p模拟物抑制PGK1的mRNA和蛋白表达(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M33"> <mml:mi> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 3</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M34"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.01</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;代表印迹图像)。(c)中的miR-6869-5p抑制剂促进PGK1的mRNA和蛋白表达(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M35"> <mml:mi> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 3</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M36"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.05</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;代表印迹图像)。(d)荧光素酶报告基因实验显示miR-6869-5p可以调控PGK1的表达(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M37"> <mml:mi> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 3</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M38"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.01</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)。(E)CCK-8测定表明的miR-6869-5p通过靶向PGK1(抑制U87神经胶质瘤细胞的增殖<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M39"> <mml:mi> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 3</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;与对照组相比,<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M40"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.01</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;与Lv-PGK1组相比,<sup>#</sup> <inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M41"> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.05</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;<sup>##</sup> <inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M42"> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.01</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)。(f)Representative figures for the scratch test at 0 h and 48 h (three independent experiments). (g) Transwell assay showed miR-6869-5p mimics inhibited U87 cell invasion by targeting PGK1 (<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M43"> <mml:mi> ñ</mml:mi> <mml:mo> =</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 3</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;与对照组相比,<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M44"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> ∗</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.001</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>;与Lv-PGK1组相比,<sup>##</sup> <inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M45"> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.01</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>)。</p> <fig id="fig3a"> <label>(一)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.003a"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig3b"> <label>(b)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.003b"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig3c"> <label>(c)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.003c"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig3d"> <label>(d)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.003d"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig3e"> <label>(e)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.003e"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig3f"> <label>(f)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.003f"></graphic> </fig> <fig id="fig3g"> <label>(g)</label> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.003g"></graphic> </fig> </fig-group> </sec> <sec id="sec3.4"> <title>3.4。低miR-6869-5p表达与胶质瘤预后不良相关</Ťitle> <p>Kaplan-Meier分析显示,胶质瘤组织中miR-6869-5p水平较低的胶质瘤患者总体生存期明显缩短(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M46"> <mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic"> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn mathvariant="bold"> 0.001</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>,提示低miR-6869-5p表达与胶质瘤预后不良相关(图)<xref rid="fig4" ref-type="fig"> 4</xref>)。Cox单因素和多因素回归分析提示低miR-6869-5p表达胶质瘤患者预后不良(表)<xref rid="tab2" ref-type="table"> 2</xref>)。低miR-6869-5p表达是胶质瘤独立WHO分级和肿瘤大小的危险因素(表<xref rid="tab2" ref-type="table"> 2</xref>)。因此,降低的miR-6869-5p表达预测胶质瘤预后不良。</p> <fig id="fig4"> <label>图4</label> <p>低miR-6869-5p表达与胶质瘤患者的预后较差(<inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M47"> <mml:mi> P</mml:mi> <mml:mo> <</mml:mo> <mml:mn> 0.001</mml:mn> </mml:math> </inline-formula>用于对数秩检验;miR-6869-5p高时,miR-6869-5p的表达大于0.085 (2)<sup>-<italic> Δ</italic>CT</sup>);miR-6869-5p低时,miR-6869-5p的表达小于0.053 (2)<sup>-<italic> Δ</italic>CT</sup>))。</p> <graphic xlink:href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/mi/2020/9752372.fig.004"></graphic> </fig> <table-wrap id="tab2"> <label>表2</label> <p>不同临床病理变量与miR-6869-5p表达的Cox回归分析</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th align="left" rowspan="2">因素</Ťh> <th align="center" colspan="2">单变量分析</Ťh> <th align="center" colspan="2">多因素分析</Ťh> </tr> <tr> <th align="center">人力资源(95%置信区间)</Ťh> <th align="center"> <inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M48"> <mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic"> P</mml:mi> </mml:math> </inline-formula>值</Ťh> <th align="center">人力资源(95%置信区间)</Ťh> <th align="center"> <inline-formula> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M49"> <mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic"> P</mml:mi> </mml:math> </inline-formula>值</Ťh> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left">年龄(≥55 y)</Ťd> <td align="center">1.03 (0.68 - -7.83)</Ťd> <td align="center">0.462</Ťd> <td align="center">1.15 (0.73 - -4.55)</Ťd> <td align="center">0.702</Ťd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">性别(男性)</Ťd> <td align="center">1.14(0.77-4.99)</Ťd> <td align="center">0.201</Ťd> <td align="center">1.02 (0.52 - -3.62)</Ťd> <td align="center">0.448</Ťd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">WHO分级(III / IV)</Ťd> <td align="center">5.25 (0.79 - -8.91)</Ťd> <td align="center">0.041</Ťd> <td align="center">1.88 (1.01 - -5.06)</Ťd> <td align="center">0.068</Ťd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">肿瘤大小(≥5)</Ťd> <td align="center">3.23(0.96-7.36)</Ťd> <td align="center">0.023</Ťd> <td align="center">2.28 (1.17 - -6.26)</Ťd> <td align="center">0.045</Ťd> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">mir - 6869 - 5 - p(低)</Ťd> <td align="center">4.47(0.82-11.34)</Ťd> <td align="center">0.003</Ťd> <td align="center">1.68(0.98-7.69)</Ťd> <td align="center">0.020</Ťd> </tr> </tbody> </table> </table-wrap> </sec> </sec> <sec id="sec4"> <title>4。讨论</Ťitle> <p>在过去十年中,非编码RNA已经牵涉到多种恶性肿瘤,包括神经胶质瘤[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"> 15</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"> 17</xref>]。miRNA是参与肿瘤发生和癌症进展公知的非编码RNA。miRNA在神经胶质瘤的新作用已经得到了广泛的关注。到目前为止,还没有以前的研究调查的miR-6869-5p对胶质瘤细胞和胶质瘤患者预后的影响。我们的研究表明了miR-6869-5p可以通过靶向PGK1调节神经胶质瘤细胞增殖和侵袭。的miR-6869-5p的低表达预示胶质瘤患者的预后较差。因此,的miR-6869-5p是神经胶质瘤病例预后因素。</p> <p>miRNA是一种具有18-25个核苷酸的单链非编码RNA。许多mirna在癌症中存在差异表达,它们通过在转录后水平调控靶基因的表达,参与各种细胞事件,如细胞生长、凋亡、分化、免疫监控和免疫逃逸[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"> 18</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"> 20.</xref>]。此外,一对夫妇的miRNA可被封装,并通过细胞外囊泡递送,例如,外来体到末梢循环或癌细胞的局部免疫微环境,从而影响发生,微环境平衡,并且癌症进展[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"> 21</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22"> 22</xref>]。近日,外囊从脐带提供的miRNA间充质干细胞已被确定为一个潜在的治疗策略,因为他们的主要作用上下调与神经胶质瘤的生存相关的多个突出的途径[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"> 10</xref>]。此外,一些的miRNA通过竞争内源RNA(CERNA)机制与其他的非编码RNA相互作用调节脑肿瘤的命运[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23"> 23</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"> 24</xref>]。特别地,lncRNA-miRNA和circRNA-miRNA的网络已经被证明在神经胶质瘤的癌变[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24"> 24</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26"> 26</xref>]。此外,一些miRNA的已报道赋予神经胶质瘤的预后改性效果,如的miR-193b中和miR-622 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27"> 27</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28"> 28</xref>]。其结果是,miRNA的发挥在启动和神经胶质瘤的进展中起关键作用。尽管如此,它的miRNA调节神经胶质瘤的发生和发展的分子机制尚不完全清楚。在目前的研究中,的miR-6869-5p在胶质瘤下调。它可以阻止脑胶质瘤细胞增殖和侵袭。就证明了荧光素酶报告测定中,的miR-6869-5p能够抑制胶质瘤细胞生长和侵袭的体外。此外,胶质瘤患者,低的miR-6869-5p表达者预后不良。因此,的miR-6869-5p是胶质瘤良好的诊断和预后标志物。然而,更多的功能性实验和体内实验是必要完全阐明的miR-6869-5p对肿瘤发生和神经胶质瘤的进展的影响。</p> <p>PGK1是糖酵解酶,在癌变参与,这可以由癌细胞并参与调节血管生成通过在丝氨酸蛋白酶和纤溶酶[减少二硫键来产生<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"> 29</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30"> 30.</xref>]。PGK1磷酸化增加可促进肿瘤发生[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"> 29</xref>]。PGK1被证明是一种肿瘤促进剂,其也可影响癌细胞的敏感性和耐药性对放疗和化疗[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31"> 31</xref>]。由丁等人的研究。显示的证据表明,PGK1增强了神经胶质瘤细胞抗辐射[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32"> 32</xref>]。此外,已经公认,PGK1可作为蛋白质激酶功能和癌变过程中调节癌细胞的糖酵解代谢[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29"> 29</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33"> 33</xref>]。然而,目前还没有研究miRNA-PGK1网络在胶质瘤细胞中的作用。在本研究中,我们首次发现PGK1在胶质瘤细胞中可以被miR-6869-5p靶向调控。PGK1增强胶质瘤细胞的增殖和侵袭能力,而miR-6869-5p通过下调PGK1抑制胶质瘤细胞的生长和侵袭能力。但在胶质瘤中,我们没有研究miR-6869-5p/PGK1对癌细胞代谢的影响。我们希望未来的研究能够证明mir -6869-5p通过调控癌细胞代谢并靶向PGK1或其他关键酶而抑制肿瘤发生的新机制。</p> <p>综上所述,本研究支持miR-6869-5p是胶质瘤中的抑癌基因,通过靶向PGK1调控胶质瘤细胞的增殖和侵袭。低表达miR-6869-5p预测胶质瘤患者预后不良。miR-6869-5p可能是一个很好的胶质瘤生物标志物。</p> </sec> <back> <sec sec-type="data-availability"> <title>数据可用性</Ťitle> <p>用于支持该研究结果的数据包括在项目之内。</p> </sec> <sec sec-type="COI-statement"> <title>利益冲突</Ťitle> <p>所有的作者都声明他们没有竞争利益。</p> </sec> <ack> <title>致谢</Ťitle> <p>本研究获得山东省医疗卫生科技发展计划(2017WS578、2014WS0474)资助。</p> </ack> <ref-list> <ref id="B1" content-type="article"> <label>1</label> <element-citation publication-type="journal"> <person-group person-group-type="author"> <name> <surname> Ohgaki</surname> <given-names> H。</given-names> </name> <name> <surname> Kleihues</surname> <given-names> P。</given-names> </name> </person-group> <article-title> 神经胶质瘤的流行病学和病因学</article-title> <source> <italic> ACTA Neuropathologica</italic> <year> 2005年</year> <volume> 109</volume> <issue> 1</issue> <fpage> 93</fpage> <lpage> 108</lpage> <pub-id pub-id-type="doi"> 10.1007 / s00401 - 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